14/10/2012 Reporters


14/10/2012

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That's the latest BBC News. Now On the front line in Aleppo. Ian

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Pannell turned a special report, uncovering new evidence that

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weapons meant for Saudi Arabia may be in the hands of Syrian rebels.

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Healing of wounded city. Steven Rosenberg meets the man helping

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beat Chesham capital rise from the ruins.

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And once a dream, now a reality. Education for girls in Afghanistan.

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A special report from Andrew North. Welcome to Reporters. A BBC TV has

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uncovered -- uncovered evidence that could prove that soon rebels

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are getting military assistance from the Gulf region. They found

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crates from an arms manufacturer, addressed to Saudi Arabia, at a

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base used by rebel fighters. Ian Pannell and Cameron and Danilo --

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Darren Conway are among few Western journalists to have witnessed the

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start of the battle in July. They have just arrived to the city and

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sent this report. Thousands of years of history have

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marched through the streets. An ancient city that has been fought

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over many times before. Today, Aleppo was at war again. And the

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further you age into the old city, so the sound and fury of battle

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grows. -- edge. Those who stayed behind must cheat death every day.

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A simple sign reads, do not cross. Sniper to your left. Seven or eight

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people were killed here last week, he says. Both sides are shooting.

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The rebels have moved into the heart of the old city. And media

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activist took us there. A World Heritage site, where the scars of

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battle run deep and the devastation is mounting. Aleppo is a city under

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siege. The fighting is now street by street, house by house. The

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fighters have been calling for outside help for many months. Now,

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for the first time, a strong indication they are getting it. The

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Ukrainian weapons firm that made the box and its contents for the

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Royal Saudi army. What is in it and how it ended up in Aleppo is

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unclear. But it suggests someone in the Gulf is helping those trying to

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overthrow President Assad. In truth, both sides now get help from abroad

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in a war that threatens a fragile The atmosphere here on the

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frontline is incredibly tense and almost eerily quiet. Every now and

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again, you can hear the sound of battle going on and the scars of

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this intense fighting are obvious everywhere. Snipers have been

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shooting into this position. There is a mirror here that rebels have

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been using to try to get a sense of what is going on. If you look out

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onto the street, you can see what the government response has been.

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Massive firepower to try to crush the rebellion. This remains an

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uneven battle. The rebels and residents have no answer to a

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barrage of artillery and bombs that does not discriminate between

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fighting and civilians. -- fighters. And so they try to move on scene

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towards loyalist forces. Despite its overwhelming strength,

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government forces have been made few -- have made few inroads. We

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were shown one of their checkpoints, just 200 metres away. They may be

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fighting for the future of Syria but both sides are struggling over

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small bits of her. The empty streets are testament to the

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thousands who fled Aleppo. But some say they have nowhere to go. But

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nowhere is safe. -- that nowhere. This man lost his wife and six

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children. All of them were killed when a rocket landed on his house.

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TRANSLATION: To live is to die. Men, animals and buildings. Bashar Al-

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Assad his farming us. It is death were you go. They say foreign aid

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is being provided but we saying -- see nothing. Just let us die and

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get it over with. A Aleppo has become the defining battle in this

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brutal civil war. Night defied can afford to lose. -- Aleppo. But in

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truth, neither is willing. What does seem to be happening is the

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To the United Nations once described the tertian capital as

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the most of destroyed city on earth. A place reduced to rubble by two

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walls between Russian roubles and separatists. It's believed more

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than 150,000 civilians were killed over a decade of conflict. Today,

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with the help of large subsidies from Moscow, it is rising from the

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ruins. But as Stephen Rosenbaum discovered, for some, the memories

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of war refuse to fade. Russia fought two devastating wars

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in Cheshire here. To many here, this place was hell on earth. --

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Chechnya. But in this hell, there were heroes. After his local

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hospital was destroyed, Dr que son by -- Doku Dr Khassan Baiev turned

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this room into a hospital. I had 4,600 patients. Every day, there

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was bombing and shelling. This roof was always shaking. Always shaking.

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His house was shelled twice during the fighting. But he refused to

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leave. By the start of the second war, the hospital had reopened and

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the doctor was busier than ever. doesn't matter. Whoever they were,

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at will come to my operation room, from who were there was most

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seriously injured. I work without electricity during the bombings. I

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work without general anaesthetics. In February 2000, the most wanted

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man in Russia was on his operating table. The rebel leader. The doctor

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amputated his fault. By now, the doctor feared for his own life. --

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foot. He received threats from both sides. He fled his home town and

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escape to America. Today, the doctor it is back in Cheshire here.

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Now a US citizen, he spends half the year here treating children. --

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Chechnya. It's a difficult situation because many doctors

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escaped. That is why we need help. He doesn't like being called a hero.

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But there is no word -- better word for a man who spent years risking

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his life to save others. More than 3 million girls now go to

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school or get some education in Afghanistan and that is a dramatic

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rise from the Taliban era, when they were not allowed to go to

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school. But girls and women still face many restrictions in

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Afghanistan's male-dominated society. This report from Kabul.

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And cold seen in a change in Afghanistan. -- and bold scene. It

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is the time of the potato harvest. Children are working in the fields,

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as they have done for centuries. Families still depend on their

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labour. But while this ten-year-old helps out with the farming, she

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also goes to school, making the long walk there every day.

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TRANSLATION: I am in the second class. We didn't have school before.

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I am really happy I am going to school now. Today it's a lesson in

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Dari, the local language. Barely one-fifth of Afghan women can read

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or write but that is still a big improvement from one decade ago.

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New schools in remote areas are helping. There is a big turnout for

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the launch of this government school. More than 3 million Afghan

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girls are now getting some education. That still leaves 2

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million who have never been to class. But attitudes are changing.

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I bring the women of Afghanistan with -- so they can feel they are

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owners of this nation. They are owners of the future. The owners of

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all that is happening. Is it -- it's a new era for these girls. Now

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they are learning to play cricket. They would have had to stay home if

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the Taliban were still in power. Safe inside the walls, they are

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like children anywhere. Curious about me and keen to talk. But

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outside, they still face many restrictions and uncertainty about

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their future after NATO forces pull out. This is just one example of

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the progress there has been in getting girls to school over the

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past ten years. But this is Kabul and the less Secure areas still

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seen many girls who are not getting any kind of education and are under

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pressure to get married while they are still of school age. It is

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still tough being a girl in Afghanistan. But they are making a

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In a few weeks' time United States voters will cast their ballots,

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many suffering from deep recession. We visited the western state of

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Nevada where many have struggled to keep their homes. It is morning

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after the big spend in Las Vegas. Know where have they partied harder

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and nowhere has the clean-up been more painful. They did not just

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gamble with chips. They twist the future. Terry Grayson bought this

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house for $825,000 in 2005. I spent beyond my means. It was a fun time.

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But the fund did not last - three years later at the value of her

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home fell by half. She lost her home and her life savings. There

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was a gorgeous view. It was lush and green, beautiful. 90% of houses

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of the market in Las Vegas are in a similar position - sales with the

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owner bought the home for much more than it is worth today. The boom

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times are over. What happened in Las Vegas is the story of America.

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The most pressing issue facing the next President is the housing

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crisis. Until that is done, the economy will not recover.

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Campaigning in the area, Mitt Romney has promised help. We must

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reignite the housing economy so that her values go up again.

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President Barack Obama it insists he has already helped. What

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remained out is what has already happened to houses next to this big

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farm. -- by turning out. At the height of the boom, the pigs were

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acceptable neighbours, but not after the crash. Owners know the

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value will not come back for. have to pull the fey you up. Let

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people buy homes. Only in Las Vegas would a foreclosure Moira be famous.

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He is in the frontline of the council in -- housing process. He

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believes more credit is needed. Home owners need financing.

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Investors but not buying houses, unless they are foreign investors.

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People from other countries are coming in and buying up these

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houses? Who is coming? A lot of Asian countries. Canadian money. A

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lot of Australians. The same crash that has made bargains for foreign

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investors has increased the lines of welfare officers in Nevada have

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forced some unemployment is up. The people do not believe politicians

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can help. They want somebody to go over -- after the banks. They feel

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helpless. Business has returned to Los Vegas. The tourists and

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gamblers are back -- it is a fantasy land - the golden shimmer a

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fragile facade for a floundering economy. In Cuba, the buying and

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selling off houses was braided speculation and banned after the

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revolution. The only way to move was to swap houses. That severely

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restricted mobility. But the ban was lifted last year. It was a

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popular shift. Sales have been rising. But so have prices. It

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looks pretty retro, but in the Cuban terms this is ground-breaking.

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Fidel Castro banned commercials as brainwashing and banned property

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sales. Yet, this is state television advertising private

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houses for Sale. The director tells me they get countless letters from

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people who want their ads read out on air. The freedom to sell is a

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big change here. All over Cuba, people seize the opportunity.

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Eduardo it showed me around his two-bedroom flat in a suburb of

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Havana. He is selling up to emigrate enjoyed his wife in

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America. In the old days, the state would have claimed everything.

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TRANSLATION: You had to leave them everything - car, house. Now we can

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sell it. The television advertisement slots are limited: --,

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so our internet ads. People must improvise. This is the Cuban

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equivalent of an estate agent. People put up posters advertising

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the property forced on officially, houses have only been swapped. But

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now that is changing. It has shifted from swaps to sales. House

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exchanges are slow and restrictive, meaning many illicit deals are done

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for cash. Now you can buy and sell in the open. This man is looking to

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downsize - something banned under the swap system. Many are doing the

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same to raise badly needed money. The property market in Cuba is

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certainly attractive. It is not open to foreign buyers, so. Locals

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can only owned one home, to stop speculation. Most places need a lot

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of work, just like the cars here. The issue for people like this is

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the price. He sold his house but cannot find a new place he can

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afford. It is partly the fee charged by middlemen. Partly that

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cash is coming from rich Cuban relatives abroad. TRANSLATION: It

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is complicated. You have 3,000 to spend but it is nothing. It is

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5,000 or 10,000. The prices are sipping inflated. Ordinary Cubans

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don't have that money is. So the new property market it has its

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problems. But at least it is legal, giving Cubans more freedom to make

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choices and decisions for their families. The Northern Lights are

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triggered by violent storms warned the Sun. But the particles creating

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a piece displays can cause trouble. Navigation systems can lose

:18:30.:18:37.

accuracy during the worst solar storms. From the Arctic islands it

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here is how science editor. A remote valley in the High Arctic

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least to one of the loneliest research stations in the world.

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Instruments perched on a mountain side. It is a steep climb to reach

:18:51.:18:56.

it, but this is the best location to investigate the power of the Sun

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forced on a giant flair Arabs from its surface - a solar storm. A

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mesmerising sight. Signed just stay -- this weather can disrupt modern

:19:09.:19:15.

life by disruption navigation systems forced on the scientist

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must come - may carry a gun because of polar bears. She needs to be hit

:19:21.:19:27.

to measure how solar activity can affect satellite navigation.

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take satellite navigation for granted. We need to research how

:19:34.:19:38.

these navigation systems are affected by solar storms and these

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huge amount of energy coming into the earth, affecting the Sea Eagles.

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When that solar energy strikes, you get the northern lights, the famous

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well of particles in the upper atmosphere. This can seriously

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distort B GPS system. Signed to son discovering the true extent of that

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effect. Severe conditions can lead to a huge loss in actuary. How much

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of a distortion could you get during a solar flare? If you have a

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very large Silo storm UK and lose tens of metres of accuracy. --

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Solar Storm you can get up to tens of metres. In the Arctic, accurate

:20:30.:20:36.

Sandip -- satellite navigation is essential - especially for rescue

:20:36.:20:43.

searchers. It can be a matter of life and dirt. The more we rely on

:20:43.:20:47.

things involving satellite technology, the more important

:20:47.:20:52.

research like this becomes forced on trying to understand space

:20:52.:20:58.

weather and a way of forecasting its most damaging aspects. There is

:20:58.:21:03.

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