21/06/2014 Reporters


21/06/2014

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Welcome to Reporters. From the world's newsroom, we send out

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correspondents to bring you the best stories from across the globe. In

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this week 's programme, we're with half a dozen men trapped by ISIS on

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three sides. The road to Baghdad ` as Iraqi

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militants marched on the capital, Paul Wood joined forces fighting

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back against their advance. The peshmerga thought they had secured

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this place. But they have just been told 75 vehicles with ISIS fighters

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are making their way here to try to cut them off. With Iraq on the brink

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of civil war. Lyse Doucet asks Hamid Karzai whether Afghanistan faces a

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similar fate. Operation Predator, Angus Crawford

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reports on the global online trade in child sex abuse, which police say

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is now out of control. One giant leap for the Isle of Man,

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Mikey reports on a third era of space in Britain's new cosmic

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frontier. I'm sitting in the Russian space capsule, all in a hangar in

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the Isle of Man. It is quite bizarre.

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Sectarian conflict in Iraq threatened to trigger a wider

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catastrophe. Sunni militant cold their way through the country. The

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militant from ISIS continued their band on the capital. After taking

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Iraq's second city, Mosul, the night before. President Obama considered

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airstrikes as the Prime Minister, Nouri al`Maliki told the BBC he felt

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abandoned by the rest of the world. At the height of the militant

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advance, Paul Wood said this report. East of Baghdad, a strategically

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vital battle is being fought. These are Kurdish forces, they are trying

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to help the Iraqi army stop ISIS from marching on the capital. This

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is Jalula, the next town is in the hands of ISIS. The Kurds believe

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there are a small amount of foreign jihadis backed by about 600 Sunni

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tribal fighters. At the Kurdish base, the general begs a Sunni sheik

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to change sides. He asks them to abandon ISIS to

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avoid the bloodshed that is surely coming. It does not work. The Kurds

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know they have to stop ISIS here or the jihadis will go into the nearby

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town of Baquba. The Iraqi army is making a desperate stand there. It

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is the last big town before the capital. The Kurds send

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reinforcements to the frontline. We stayed behind in Jalula. The town is

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secure, they say. Down! They spot movement. Three or four

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gunmen. Come with me! Down here! Bullets seem to come in from two or

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three directions at once. Snipers, they say.

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The peshmerga thought they had secured this place. They have just

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been told of 75 vehicles of ISIS fighters making their way here to

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try and cut them off. The battle is going backwards and forwards. Things

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are still very fluid here. We are with half a dozen men are trapped

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with ISIS on three sides. You need to find the most senior commander

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that you can find. Can you hear me? There is growing panic. They think

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the jihadis are coming in through the back of the building. They are

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right there, he says. They are behind us. Can't you see them?

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A man was shot through the leg, he survived. Eventually, the fighting

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starts to die down. The cause was probably just a few gunmen left

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behind by ISIS in Jalula. It was not a mass attack the Kurdish troops

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feared. But it is in skirmishes like this in small towns on the road to

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the capital that the fate of Baghdad may be decided.

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The violence has pushed the Middle East to the brink of war. President

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Assad's forces are not only battling extremists like ISIS but also more

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audit groups. One of them is the free Syrian Army which is leading

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the fight around the capital. Jeremy Bowen crossed from Damascus for this

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report. When supporters of as an aside want

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to celebrate, the race around the massacres as if Syria has won the

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World Cup. `` Damascus. In their world, their president is the man

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who stands between them and the extremist of ISIS and Al Qaeda.

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But just 20 minutes away from the streets of central Damascus, there

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are Syrians who see their country very differently. This is the road

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to Qaboun, one of the suburbs of the city that are held by armed rebels.

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This place has been fought over for close to three years. On the rebel

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side is the Free Syria Army. There is supposed to be a local ceasefire

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but it is fragile. TRANSLATION: This is the main road

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to Qaboun. The Syrian army used to be 50 metres away and now they are

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150 metres from here. How well is the ceasefire holding? TRANSLATION:

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Not very well. You can hear the clashes.

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In this dusty, broken place, only small fragments are left of the

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lives people used to have here. They keep the cemetery for the war dead

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green and well watered. Why did you become a fighter? TRANSLATION: To

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defend our families. The regime is attacking us. There is no freedom in

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our country. As long as Bashar Al`Assad stays, we will keep

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fighting. Some civilians have stayed, despite

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shelling and gunfire. This man, too scared to be identified, watching

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his three children play outside, said they had nowhere else to go.

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What will happen in the war and who will win? TRANSLATION: The rebels,

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God willing. The regime is not fair. History shows injustice does not

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last. Because of so much shelling on the

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streets, the rebels here moved essential services underground. They

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have a network of small hospitals in basements. In them, they can carry

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out complex war surgery. And from this underground kitchen, they feed

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up to 2,500 people per day. The men here said they were good Muslims and

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not extremists. They wanted Syria to be like Turkey and Malaysia.

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The Free Syria Army has lost the north of the country to the

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jihadists of Al`Qaeda and ISIS and to other less extreme Islamist

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fighters, who are better armed and trained. But these men did not seem

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war weary. They rejected the recent election and said the destruction of

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their neighbourhood would not stop them. It is not a question of damage

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but the mentality about the war. Not 20 minutes' drive from here, there

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is President Bashar al`Assad's palace, and as far as he is

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concerned, he has won an overwhelming seven`year mandate. And

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yet these men are determined to fight on. When we crossed the front

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lines back into regime`held territory, the urban battlegrounds

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of Damascus were still close by. Recent local ceasefires have given

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people confidence enough to fill the streets again but there is still a

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gulf between those who took up arms against the regime and those who

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fight to defend it, like Maleki, whose son was killed last year in

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one of the Damascus suburbs along with 41 other Syrian army soldiers.

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TRANSLATION: We will continue fighting until the last drop of our

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blood, until we have dealt with the very last of the rebels. We will

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keep at them and we will smash them. From central Damascus, the heart of

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the regime's power, people hear the war in the suburbs rather than see

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it. Syria's neighbours can feel the war. Violence is crossing borders

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and into Iraq most of all. Without any kind of peace in sight, it is

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hard to see how that stops. With Iraq on the brink of a civil

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war, is there a similar danger in Afghanistan when international

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troops and combat operations later in the year? Both candidates to

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become the next president have said they will sign a deal to allow an

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American presence to say in this country. Our correspondent has been

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speaking to the outgoing president, Hamid Karzai. I hope you are not

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very exhausted! Every morning, President Karzai walks to the

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office, with bodyguards and armoured vehicles. He lives and works inside

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this heavily protected palace. The Taliban threat means that he rarely

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leaves the fortress. The men in his security Cabinet worked alongside

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NATO forces for more than one decade. But like Iraq, foreign

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combat troops are pulling out, and there is concern that Al Qaeda

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linked groups could come back. Many around the world are now asking,

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Afghans are asking whether what is happening in Iraq could happen in

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Afghanistan. Never, not at all. What makes you confident? I am confident

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about the Afghan people, yes, we need international support. Where we

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do not have the means to sustain ourselves. That is welcome, for that

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we are grateful. But the keeping of the country, the protection of the

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country is the work of Afghans. This government refused to take up the

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offer of a strategic pact with the United States which would have meant

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a long`term military presence in the country. But the two men vying to be

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the next president have both said they will sign a deal. And that

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could help Afghanistan avoid some of the worst of what is happening in

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Iraq. For years, many doubted there would even be a peaceful transfer of

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power here. Now, the president checks goodbye letters that he will

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soon send to foreign leaders, including this one to David Cameron.

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Mr President, what will you say to the Prime Minister in your letter? I

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will thank him, and the British people, for the help they have given

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to Afghanistan. You have said NATO forces have done nothing before

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Afghanistan, and that includes British forces? I have said as I

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have done on lots of occasions, that the war on terror was not to be

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fought in Afghan villages or in Afghan homes. The real war on terror

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is in the sanctuary beyond our walls. As far as Prime Minister

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Cameron is concerned, he has been a good friend, and a real English

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gentleman. As President Karzai prepares to move out of the palace

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with his young family, his country moves towards an uncertain future.

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They discussed how the fingers of Afghans who voted in the elections

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were chopped off. What is happening in this country? He says. As Hamid

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Karzai repairs to move out of this palace with his young family, his

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country moves towards an uncertain future. Without the peace that he

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and his allies promised when he first came to power. Security forces

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in the US say the global online trade in child sex abuse images is

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now out of control. The BBC was given exclusive access to what is

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known as the Predator Unit of US Homeland Security, which tracks

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paedophiles all around the world. Just this year it says it has been

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behind 1000 arrests across the globe. Angus Crawford joined

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officers from Operation Predator, you may find his report disturbing.

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They go in with quiet force. Their mission, to arrest child abusers and

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stop the trade in obscene images. We have a search warrant! Groggy and

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confused, a suspect is led away. We do it three to five times a week.

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Just a matter of how many tips we get and what we find on the

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Internet. What does that tell you about the scale of the problem you

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are dealing with? It is out of control. But armed raids are only

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one of the tactics being used to tackle this growing threat. I'm a

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dad offering my children for sex. It doesn't get any worse than this.

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Posing as a paedophile to catch paedophiles. This special agent is

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online and undercover, offering children for sex to men and women

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across the world. Including from Britain. It is more than 3000 miles

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from the hi`tech cybercrime centre in Washington, DC, to this place, a

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village in rural Dorset. But information from an agent in the US

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led to a man here called Mark Luscombe. Luscombe had asked the

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undercover agent to abuse a child live on a webcam. From his home, he

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sent obscene images as payment. The US passed the evidence to Dorset

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Police. Luscombe was sent to prison for five years. I think we are very

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grateful they passed the information to UK law enforcement and within 48

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hours, we acted on it and we had the offender in custody. In Los Angeles,

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an extraordinary computer programme allows officers to monitor

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paedophiles across the world. The software has never been filmed here

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before. Each coloured dot is another possible offender. The software

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programme that we utilise is capturing information of when images

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or videos of child abuse are uploaded or traded on this network.

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This is in real`time. This is real time, yes. From what I can see, just

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above Croydon, there is a red dot. That means there is an individual

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there who, at this moment, is exchanging images of child sexual

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abuse. Accessing, yes. The message is clear. International cooperation

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means there is nowhere to hide. Angus Crawford, BBC News, Los

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Angeles. Think of space, and you think of NASA or the Kennedy Space

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Centre, but you wouldn't think of the Isle of Man. 45 years since man

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first walked on the moon, the conquest of space has changed beyond

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all recognition. Space is more about commerce, and the newest commercial

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centre for cosmic researchers in the middle of the Irish Sea. We report

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from the Isle of Man on NASA's new rival. I think there is some real

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space treasure here. This is fantastic. I've always wanted to see

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one of these. These Russian`built spacecraft were designed in the

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1970s. They have proved themselves in space. An American lawyer has

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bought them with the aim of putting space tourists into orbit. I think

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these Russians were slightly smaller than me. They would cost upwards of

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350 million pounds to do it. This has been in space. There is hardly

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any legroom at all. But I would do it. Even though it's not

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comfortable, I would bet money and get out there. What I find slightly

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freaky is I'm sitting in a Russian space capsule in a hangar in the

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Isle of Man. Who would have thought it? It is quite bizarre. These

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spaceships are part of a space revolution. The Island is 32 miles

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long, with a population of 85,000 people. But it is prosperous,

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because it is not part of the EU or the UK, which means it can set low

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taxes, and give generous government grants. There are 30 space`related

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companies on the island, including four of the well`stocked satellite

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organisations. `` world's top satellite organisations. Together

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with world experts. This builds up to a $300 million a year industry.

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The island's government has a history of chasing new areas of

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business. Lovely to see you in the Isle of Man. The space breakthrough

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came in 2001. We were looking for new things for the Isle of Man to

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do. We have a very successful shipping industry, a very successful

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aircraft registry, and the government had the vision to get

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involved in acquiring these things. Satellites sweep around the earth in

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their own protected area of space. What gives the island and advantage

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is that satellite operators have two apply for those slots through a

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country. Even one as tiny as the Isle of Man. All of this reflects

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the island's attempt to capitalise on what is effectively a third year

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space. Space exploration started in the 1950s as a competition. A race

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to be the first into orbit at the first to the moon. By the 1970s, the

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race was over and collaboration was the key. Apollo and other astronauts

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literally shook hands in space in 1975. In by the 21st century, the

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space station was a multinational project. But it was still dominated

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by nation states. I believe we are entering the third era of space, an

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era of commercialisation. We launch more and more satellites every day.

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Space tourism is taking off, and the global space industry is booming on

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the Isle of Man. It looks small`scale, but this company is

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part of the new era. His team built space optics for NASA's Mars radar.

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`` Rover. The Isle of Man has links to the International Space

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University in Strasbourg. 60 of their graduates work on the island.

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The unemployment rate is just 2%. The advantages of the Isle of Man,

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it is a very stable and low`crime environment. If you look around you,

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there is lots of expensive equipment. We know that we can lock

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up on Friday or Saturday, and on Monday everything will be in place.

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The Isle of Man 's success brings home the economic opportunities that

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have been created now space exploration is moving from a state

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funded model to a commercial business. That is all from Reporters

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this week, from me and the team, goodbye.

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Hi there. Most of us had a glorious day with sunshine around on

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Saturday. Warmest place in the British files was towards

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Southampton, with highs of 25 degrees. Overnight we had thicker

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cloud across northern Scotland bringing some showers, otherwise

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