05/07/2014 Reporters

Now on BBC News, it's time for Reporters.

Welcome to Reporters. From here, we send our correspondents to bring you

the best stories from across the world. This week, spreading hate in

the land of the free. 50 years since the US civil rights became law, we

meet the white supremacist still preaching racial hatred. I see them

as adverse areas of our race. Fears of a return of the 1930s. We report

on America's worst drought for decades. There is occasional rain. I

can feel the odd drop but nothing enough to prevent things like this.

Andrew North examines exclusive video of Pakistani's offensive

against the Taliban in North Waziristan. The Brazilian connection

as Nigeria goes out of the World Cup. We investigate links between

the two countries, going back centuries to the slave trade.

And rock of ages. We talk to one of the world's biggest selling bands as

they celebrate half a century of music. We've always been available

to charity shows and events, but the touring side of it is going to have

to come to an end. It was the ultimate victory in the historic

struggle of black Americans for equality. 50 years this week,

president Lyndon Johnson passed the Civil Rights act. It faced huge

opposition from politicians vowing to fight to maintain segregation in

America's Deep South. The Ku Klux Klan took to the streets and 50

years later times have changed but, as we report from Arkansas, the

claim is proving it still has the ability to make its presence felt.

`` the clan. The Ku Klux Klan is alive and well in America today.

They may still be a round, but Ku Klux Klan leaders are not what they

used to be. That isn't to say they aren't dangerous. We hate the Jew

and if you support them or sympathise with them, well then we

hate you also. Of late, white supremacists show they can still

terrorise. What happened to this woman's family is proof. She turned

up at a horrifying scene at the local Jewish centre. I said, that's

my father lying there dead and that is my son, what happened? When I

looked at the doors of the Jewish community centre, I saw bullet

holes, and it hit me they had been shot. Both her father and her

14`year`old son were killed that day. They weren't Jewish, but were

attending a talent show at the centre. There's no doubt the gunman

was motivated by hate. Police say a man armed with a shotgun was

shooting... On his arrest, this man screamed Nazi slogans. He had never

hidden his views before. At one point, he was a so`called Grand

Dragon in the KKK. One God, one race, one nation, white power!

Police say that until the shooting, he didn't do anything to warrant

arrest and had a right to express himself. There are thought to be

over 650 different white supremacist organisations in the US. To some

extent, civil liberty groups protect their right to exist. As you drive

into this town, this is the huge sign you see by the roadside. It is

put up by white supremacists. But the sheriff says he cannot do

anything about it because of the rights to freedom of speech and

expression. In the town, I met a man who's helping shape thinking in the

US. He told me those who aren't white were little more than animals.

I asked him about the recent anti`Semitic attack nearby. Even

though I teach that ultimately the people that we call Jews are the

terrors that will be taken out, it is the Angels' job, not ours. I see

them as adversaries of our race, to test us. Those views are what I wish

to talk about. `` are what the shooter talked about. It is true.

Some people realise it. In America, inciting racial hatred isn't a

crime. In fact, the KKK is offered protection by the law. However

smaller numbers these days, angry rhetoric turning to violence is a

problem this country is still having to deal with.

Staying in the United States, where farmers are facing the worst drought

for decades. At one stage, harvests have been hit for 3.5 years. People

are fearful of the return of the dustbowl conditions of the 1930s,

when agriculture collapsed and many fled the country. David Shukman

travelled one of the worst affected areas known as the Oklahoma

panhandle. A menacing cloud of dust rises over

the dry fields of Oklahoma. Each gust tears away the precious

topsoil. Here after year, this region, notorious for extreme

weather, has seen far less weather than `` far less rain than normal.

It is what you get after 3.5 years of drought. The soil so parched, the

wind just delete it on fields nearby. There is occasional rain. I

can feel the odd drop. But nothing enough to present `` prevent things

like this. The dirt storm has hit. The terrifying sight of a vast wall

of dust. This was filmed on a mobile phone earlier this year. People had

to seek shelter inside. And this is the result. Thousands of a chorus of

farmland lying in ruins. Oklahoma, like many states, is heading for one

of the worst harvests on record. Jarrod and his father show me what

should be a field of. What happened? `` field of wheat. You can

see what happened. It has just died. In a good year, their grain store

would normally be filled. This year is proving catastrophic. They lower

light into one of the silos. The lack of rain means they will hardly

at any grain to what's been stored from last year. I call it an insane

drought. I've never heard of anything like what we've had. Just

concerts gone on for so long? Yes. `` just because. All of this has

rekindled fears of the dustbowl of the 1930s, when soil was stripped

away and the plight of the people was seared into the national memory.

This man lived through that nightmare. He is 101 years old. The

dustbowl was a combination of the depression, which caused a lot of

people to leave the country and there were quite a few suicides from

people losing everything they had. Things are not as desperate now but

the past 3.5 years have seen almost as little brain as in the 1930s and

without it nothing can grow. `` little rain. Watch how quickly these

plants lost their colour when they were starved of water for one week.

This used to be topsoil and now it's dust blowing all over the place. In

fact, there's so much of it, this fence is almost buried. The question

many are asking is whether the droughts will become worse in the

future and the latest science suggests they might. A map of soil

moisture over the past decade. Some areas, shown in red, are

persistently dry. As to which is rising the future, more evaporation

could mean drier conditions. This woman was one of the authors of

America's new climate assessment. We aren't sure what the droughts will

actually look like, whether they will be longer, but we feel that

because of that increase in temperature, that they will be

intensified, especially during the summertime. This land, repeatedly

scarred by drought, has seen whole generations leave. The talk now is

of learning to cope with what could be tougher times ahead.

Pakistani's military has gone on the offensive in North Waziristan tribal

areas near the Afghan border, targeting militants it says have

been hiding there. The Pakistani Taliban in particular are in the

firing line. They've been blamed for deaths of thousands of people inside

the country. The BBC has obtained exclusive footage from the area,

showing the aftermath of their strikes against the Taliban.

The aftermath of an airstrike on what Pakistan calls the epicentre of

terrorism, North Waziristan. This is rare and exclusive footage from a

cameraman allowed in by that Pakistan Taliban. They are the main

target. In this village, they say that civilians have been killed

also. TRANSLATION: Pakistan jets bombed this at 1am. They say they

killed 50 terrorists. 12 people from my village died. If we knew this

would happen, we would have left. We can't verify these accounts

independently. Pakistan says it is only attacking what it calls

terrorist sanctuaries. This was reportedly a base for militants near

the Afghan border. The operation began two weeks ago on May one from

the air and then with artillery strikes. Now, there are boots on the

ground. Searches have turned up bomb`making factories with stock

piles of explosive devices ready for future attacks. Many believe the

carnage Pakistan has suffered over the last few years was an inevitable

result of its policy of tolerating militant groups on its own soil. The

army says it is going after terrorists of all hue and colour,

though some believe it is still giving itself room for manoeuvre and

leaving some groups untouched. There are widespread reports that favoured

groups were alerted before the operation began. Some militants are

now vowing revenge. TRANSLATION: What Pakistan has done is this, they

have made us fight the Americans and we spilt our blood to defeat them

and now Pakistan tells us to lay down our arms, but we won't do that.

We will not accept a life of indignity, we will fight Pakistan.

He is first taking shelter across the border. That is Afghanistan at

the end of the road. Pakistan's tortured battle with its militants

is far from over. It was 100 years ago that the

actions of a lone gunman set in motion a chain of events which led

to the outbreak of the First World War. A young Serb nationalist shot

dead the air to the drone of the Austria Hungarian on her `` Empire

and change the course of history. We look at how the murder is being a

member it a century on. It is a routine stop on the tourist

trail now, a street corner where the assassin struck and killed the heir

to the Austrian throne and propel the world into the bloodiest century

in human history. But history is a powerful living thing here and it is

a divisive wars. Bosnians do not know what to make of the young Serb

who pulled the trigger that day. In the suburb of East Sarajevo, air

building a park to celebrate him. Serbs still feel that the world

blames them for starting the First World War. Here he is no assassin

but a liberation champion. Most of our people and our nation see him as

a hero and a fighter for liberation of our nation. On his actions, we

started a process of liberations of all people and we say no to the

occupation and aggression. But in other places in Bosnia, and memories

of a recent war are too raw. Forces besieged Sarajevo in the 1990s and

they carry this car is still. They see him differently here `` 's

cars. The shrine where he is buried tells its own story of the way

history shifts and works overtime. After the First World War, Kingdom

of Yugoslavia turned the atheist Revolutionary into an Orthodox? Her

and after the Second World War, communist Yugoslavia turned him into

a Yugoslavian patriot. Each generation projects what it wants to

see. After the war of the early 90s, they saw him as the forerunner of

the Serb forces who had shuttled their city `` shelled. Or with a

kind of middle given after him which was named after him `` medal.

Ordinary civilians will probably have a different idea of his name

and actions. History divides this country. The young inherit

contradictory versions of their past, parallel truths about the

young revolutionary whose fateful shots echoed down the decades.

Nigeria one of the last African teams to go out of the World Cup in

Rio but their links with Brazil go back centuries. It has the

second`largest population of black people in the world after Nigeria.

Most black Brazilians are descendents of slaves from West

Africa and some of the freed slaves returned to Nigeria as our

correspondent reports. It is called the Brazilian quarter.

In the 19th`century, freed slaves returning to Africa settled in this

part of downtown Lagos. They had been taken away during the

transatlantic slave trade. Their work can still be seen here that

much of the architecture has disappeared today or is in bad

shape. You can see from the types of arches in the windows and the

pillars, even some of the motifs and designs on the archways, you can see

that these are obviously Brazilian heritage buildings. In Legos, you

have people with Brazilian names and buildings that are Brazilian but

they are not being preserved and we are insisting that they must be ``

Lagos. Keeping some of these buildings from falling apart is a

major challenge and are mixed feelings as to how to do this. This

was my grandmother. Much of this history is not well documented. The

descendents of Brazilians in Nigeria only have traces of information to

work with. My paternal grandmother, I father's mother came from Brazil

`` my. Her name was Lucretia. She had three children but my father was

the only one I know of. He lost his siblings. I never got involved

directly myself, just occasionally I use to attend Carnaval in Brazil but

aside from that, no. His grandmother lived in this building in a

neighbourhood where a fellow Brazilians settled. Before today's

Skype skyscrapers and bright lights, it had a life of its own. The

heritage from thousands of miles across the Atlantic was much

stronger. Or Christmas or Easter, we see the true colour of the Brazilian

quarters `` for. We have a Carnaval which is a replica of the one in

Brazil. Like much of Nigerian history, the Brazilian legacy is one

of the older generation have struggled to pass down. Nigeria's

youthful population has little or no recollection of this unique

heritage, a wealth of stories about this country's historical connection

to Israel risks dying out with the descendents of the slaves ``

Brazil. They are one of the biggest selling bands ever, we are talking

about The Who and the front man and his guitarist are one of the longest

music partnerships of all time and they are still making music today.

Fighting in the streets... With the children at our feet. And the moral

is that they worship will be gone... Back on stage to play an acoustic

set in London, but for how much longer? They have sold over one

million records, but now, they say that their touring days may be

coming to an end. I think that probably... It probably is, but you

never know. I do not think we are going to stop playing, is that

right? We have always been available for charity shows and events,

1`offs. But the touring side will have to come to an end pretty soon.

But how long the tour will be, we don't know at the moment. It is

open`ended. There was a rumour for a long time that you two didn't get on

at all. What is the truth of that? We had difficult learning to

communicate properly, I am very wordy and arty`farty, whereas Roger

is more down to earth. We have survived really by mutual respect

and love and affection really, over the years. What do you think? It is

true. I never had a brother. What I have with Pete, that is that family

thing. He has been like my little brother. Even though he is bigger

than me! It is that kind of relationship, and I agree with him.

A lot of love in the early days of our career that we had, we found it

hard to communicate. Will The Who record new material? I have been

sitting on a few things, and tossing a few ideas around. I could do a

Dolly Parton. We have had so many Best Of albums over the years, and

it is unlikely that we put out another one. It is a dreadful idea,

it has to have new songs on it. I thought I should get to Roger

before, I had my fingers crossed, I thought he would like them, but he

does and we will record them and see what happens. The possibility of a

new album, as well as a new tour, for the band that once sang they

hope to die before they get old, but The Who now seem to be fighting

against time. And that is all from Reporters for

this week. From me and the whole team, thank you and goodbye for

now. For most of us, it will turn out to

be a pretty decent day with some sunshine around and a few showers

around western areas. Overnight, the southeastern corner will be