21/10/2016 Victoria Derbyshire


21/10/2016

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The Conservatives hold o nto David Cameron's former

:00:09.:00:15.

parliamentary seat in Witney, but their majority is slashed

:00:16.:00:17.

Plus, former soapstar Tracy Brabin wins the seat left vacant

:00:18.:00:21.

Remembering the Aberfan disaster 50 years ago,

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when a mountain of coal waste killed 144 people,

:00:33.:00:34.

Later today, the Prince of Wales unveils a memorial, we talk to one

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survivor. What's life like for people living

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under the Heathrow flight path? We've spent 24 hours with one family

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to find out how loud the planes are and what an extra runway

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will mean for them. This is a quiet cul-de-sac road I

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will stay on for the next 24 hours, you cannot hear the traffic from the

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main road, no tubes or railways, what you can hear is the constant

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sound of those. Welcome to the programme,

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we're live until 11 this morning. Also today - we'll have details

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of new research which shows drinking just two cans of fizzy drinks a day

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can increase your risk Drinks containing artificial

:01:36.:01:37.

sweeteners can also Do get in touch on all the stories

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we're talking about this morning. And if you text, you will be charged

:01:48.:01:52.

at the standard network rate. The Conservatives have held

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on to David Cameron's former seat The Tory party's share of the vote

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fell from 60%, to 44%. Our correspondent is in Westminster, we

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will talk about Batley Spen in a moment but a cut to the Tory

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majority in Witney. The new MP is a local barrister, Robert Courts. The

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most significant thing about this result is the fact if you look back

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to the last general election when David Cameron took the seat with a

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thumping majority, 60%, that is down to 45%. The party taking the credit,

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the Liberal Democrats, who came second, pushing Labour into third

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place. We should remember it was a very low turnout in this by-election

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and the Liberal Democrats put in a huge amount of resources. The party

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says this is a verdict on the government's approached the Brexit,

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people signalling that they want a closer relationship to the EU than

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the government has signalled. The Conservatives say that is not the

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case and this is a great result, despite the reduced majority. They

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say if you look back to when David Cameron was first elected to the

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Witney, he got about 45% of the vote. The new MP in Tracy Brabin

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Daesh in Batley Spen is Tracy Brabin, the main parties did not

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contest that seat after the death of Jo Cox. Out of respect for Jo Cox

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and her family, the main political parties did not contest it so the

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New Labour MP is called Tracy Brabin, she was a friend of Jo Cox

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and a former Coronation Street actress. She took a thumping 86% of

:03:45.:03:51.

the vote, but also a low turnout in this by-election. And when she gave

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her acceptance speech, she said that her victory was bittersweet. She

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said she hoped Jo Cox would be proud that the community had spoken with

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one voice and she said this had been a difficult experience for everybody

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and the fact the by-election had had to take place was a tragedy for

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everyone. Thank you very much.

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Let's cross to the BBC Newsroom, with a summary

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A minute's silence will be held to mark the Aberfan disaster. It's

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destroyed a junior school and 116 children and 28 adults were killed.

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Prince Charles will attend the ceremony in Aberfan and ceremonies

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to commemorate the disaster will be held throughout the day.

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50 years later, the memories as raw as ever.

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Many long years have come and gone, but Aberfan keeps moving on.

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On the eve of the anniversary, a community came to remember

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what happened after one of the worst disasters of Britain's modern era,

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Locals had raised repeated concerns about coal waste from the nearby

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colliery being tipped onto the mountain above Aberfan.

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In the October of 1966, days of heavy rain turned that waste

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into slurry, and a subsidence on the morning of the 21st caused

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an avalanche that crashed down into the village.

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Bearing the brunt of the damage was Pantglas Junior School.

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116 children died, along with 28 others.

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One of the first on the scene was policewoman Yvonne Price.

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When we were passing the dead children through,

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one man just looked down, and just turned and looked at me

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Oh, that was one of the worst things.

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Today, commemorations will take place around the community

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With a minute's silence held at 9:15am, the time

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50 years on, this community still remembers a generation lost.

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Two British warships are shadowing an aircraft carrier and other

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Russian naval ships as they pass close to the UK.

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A Russian tug believed to be in convoy is currently entering the

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English channel off the coast and Ramsgate.

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This is the Russian aircraft carrier, Admiral Kuznetsov,

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passing through the North Sea believed to be headed to the eastern

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If this is correct, this would be its first

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And it could signal Russia is reinforcing its ability to strike

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It comes as EU leaders at the summit in Brussels condemned Russia's

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aggressive behaviour in Syria and beyond.

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There has been broad discussion about Russia.

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Leaders have criticised all sorts of Russian activities from space

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violations, disinformation campaigns, cyber attacks,

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interference into the political processes in the EU and beyond.

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The carrier and its task force has been making its way

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through the North Sea off the south-east coast of England

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and is believed to be moving towards the English Channel,

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shadowed by a Royal Navy frigate and destroyer, while the flotilla

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Russia has currently paused its military operations

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in Syria, but with the warships on the move,

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there are questions over the country's next actions.

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These are live pictures of part of that Russian task force now going

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through the English Channel. Two British warships shadowing the

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Russian aircraft carrier as they pass close to the UK. A Russian tag

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is part of the task force, also in the English Channel, and the ship is

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believed to be heading to the eastern Mediterranean and the Syria.

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Armed militants have traded government buildings in Iraq. The

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Islamic State group says it was behind the attack, claiming fighters

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broke into the Town Hall and is took control of the Town Hall. The Iraqi

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government and Kurdish forces are attempting to retake the IS

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stronghold of Mosul. Theresa May says Britain intends to remain at

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the heart of the EU until its departure. Addressing leaders at her

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first summit as Prime Minister, she made it clear the UK would play a

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full part in decision-making until Brexit process was completed. The

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German Chancellor Angela Merkel said she expected Brexit negotiations to

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be rough going. Universities and student unions

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should work together to tackle violence against women,

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harassment and hate crime on campus. That's one of the recommendations

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made in a report by Universities UK It also says there needs to be more

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support for victims and better Alice Irving was in her second year

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at university when she was raped. She says she didn't get the right

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support at the time, which made an already difficult

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experience even harder. I was kind of staunchly hoping

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that it wouldn't change me, because I didn't want to give him

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that power, but it has. Just your sense of bodily integrity,

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and your sense of control over your own sex life, and all

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of that is profoundly affected. And reclaiming that is a process,

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and I still haven't figured it out. Today's report by Universities UK

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looks at what more universities need to do to help those like Alice,

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and others who face harassment It says there needs to be better

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recording of allegations. Victims, too, should be given

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more support, and... We are also recommending that staff

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be trained so that they can provide the appropriate support

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and advice to the student, confer them onto the special

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services they need. And that training might include

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a member of staff knowing that they are not the right person

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to try and give that advice. The Government has welcomed

:10:35.:10:38.

the report, saying any form of harassment or abuse

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is unacceptable. It has asked Universities UK to get

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back to them in six months, to tell on what progress

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has been made. The Competition and Markets

:10:46.:10:55.

Authority is investigating whether people using sports betting

:10:56.:10:57.

and gaming websites It's looking into the terms

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and conditions of online betting accounts and

:10:59.:11:05.

wants to know why, in some cases, the industry's been

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cancelling winning bets Fossils from a newly-discovered

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species of dinosaur have been The giant long-necked dinosaur -

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Savannasaurus elliottorum - measured at least 14

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metres from head-to-tail. It was a plant-chomping,

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barrel-chested member of the sauropod group,

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which includes the largest land animals to ever have

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roamed the planet. That's a summary of

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the latest BBC News. Do get in touch with us

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throughout the morning. And if you text, you will be charged

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at the standard network rate. Interested in your thoughts on fizzy

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drinks, with the news that two a day can increase your risk of getting

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tight two diabetes, time for the sport. We will start with cricket.

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What is the latest from England's Test match against Bangladesh?

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Yes, thank you. A morning of mixed fortunes for England on the second

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day of the first test in Bangladesh. They added just 35 runs to their

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overnight score, Chris Woakes was out on the first delivery of the

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morning. Not very happy with that. England 293 all out. In reply,

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Bangladesh made a steady start until Moeen Ali started the ball, taking

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two wickets in just four to halt the progress before lunch, but the home

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side have dug their nails in and rallied and they are 99-2!

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Football, a mixed night in the Europa League for English sides?

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Yes, I think Manchester United will be the happier of the two this

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morning. Easing past Turkish side than Apache 4-1 in the group stages.

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And fans got to see a hint of what the world's most expensive player

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Paul Pogba had to offer, what a goal that was, he got a couple. And Robin

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van Persie got a late goal back for his team. United fans did enjoy that

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and former England boss Sam Allardyce was in the crowd.

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Not good news for Southampton, losing 1-0 at Inter Milan after

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missing a lot of chances. Despite Southampton's 11 shots in the second

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the goal. Both Southampton as Manchester United sit second. That

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is all the sport for now, back back to you.

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Thank you very much. Let's go to Aberfan.

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28 adults and 116 children lost their lives when 150 tonnes of coal

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waste slid down a hillside, before smashing into the junior school.

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Our reporter is there. We are just outside the Garden of remembrance in

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Aberfan, the very sight of Pantglas school. It was a foggy Fran Rico --

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Friday morning and it was the last day before half term holiday and the

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children had gathered in the classrooms after their Assembly and

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they had been singing All things Bright and beautiful. At 9:15 a.m.,

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a 30 foot avalanche started to slide down this mountain and crashed into

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the school, demolishing 18 houses and a farmhouse, 144 people lost

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their lives that day, 116 were children. Five teachers were also

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killed. The people of Aberfan, the survivors, politicians, relatives

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and the Prince of Wales have gathered in a cemetery behind us and

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out of respect, the cameras will not go this morning. The people of

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Aberfan and beyond falling silent to remember 50 ago.

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-- 50 years ago. To see the ones we loved so much come smiling through

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the door. Time is this move of grief's roughest edges but today we

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acknowledge this grief will be fresh once again. We stand united with

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them today, we recognise their pain and we promise to support and

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comfort them in any way we can. A minute's silence to remember the

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disaster 50 years on. A generation of children killed in the disaster,

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116 children died when the coal waste went into the junior school.

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28 adults also lost their lives. We will be talking later to one woman

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who survived, she was eight at the time. The government is expected to

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announce its decision next week on whether its preferred choice for

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airport expansion is Heathrow or Gatwick.

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It will come after decades of delays, although MPs won't get

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to vote on the decision for at least another year.

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A third runway at Heathrow is widely expected to get the go-ahead.

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Ahead of the decision, our reporter Divya Talwar has spent

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24 hours with a family living in one of Heathrow's flight path in West

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Around 1300 flights each day come in and out of Heathrow.

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These were a daily sight when I was growing up in West London

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under one of the flight paths, although since leaving Hounslow,

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I'm moving back, just for a day, to find out what it's

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And what they make of plans for a third runway.

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Many people in Hounslow rely on the airport for jobs.

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So this is the quiet cul-de-sac road I'm going to be staying

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You can't hear any of the traffic from the main road,

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What you can hear, though, is the constant sound of those.

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This is the Sheikh family, three generations under

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They came from Pakistan over 30 years ago and have two sons.

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The eldest is married and this is their two-year-old boy.

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I'm meeting the family for the first time.

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They live four miles from the airport and the planes fly

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What is it like living directly under Heathrow

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Now, when a really loud one goes by, and we just stop.

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It's funny, isn't it, that you have adjusted your conversation

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Do you hear them at four o'clock

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If the planes start at four in the morning and the last one

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is at 11, at intervals of about a minute with the planes

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But it's a lot of planes, it's more than 12 hours a day.

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There's another one, even now as we speak.

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We hear it all the time, when someone from outside the area

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comes it, they really feel the difference.

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Wow, my gosh, there is a plane every minute.

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And you would think at this time of the evening that the frequency

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would reduce but they haven't, have they?

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Yeah, and that is like two planes now within 20 seconds.

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It would mean the family could hear around a thousand planes a day.

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There are also some flights outside the scheduled flying

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hours of 4:30am and 11pm, although these are rare

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and only meant to be emergency or delayed flights.

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It has gone past 10.30 and I can still hear the planes.

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In fact they are pretty much as frequent and loud

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They should stop by about 11 hopefully.

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The planes are not supposed to take off or land at Heathrow after 11

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They are not obviously as frequent as they were during the day

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but if you are a light sleeper, you will definitely hear them.

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It has just gone 6.30 and I can hear the planes flying again.

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In fact, I can hear them at least every minute.

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I don't remember hearing anything after about 1,

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or maybe I was too tired and I slept through, but there were a couple

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at 5 and since 6 they have been pretty much nonstop.

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Yesterday, all that talk about planes made me

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Have you done anything at home to try to block out some of

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So the house, all of the windows, the bedroom windows,

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the side porch door and all of these windows, they are all double glazed.

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Just except the sheets here, they are not thick enough

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When we are sitting here, they are not enough

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to keep the sound out because they are close to us anyway.

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And all the sound comes from the roof.

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Even with the double glazing, you can still hear

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Yeah, the noise is still going to be there.

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The government is expected to announce its decision next week

:22:25.:22:27.

on whether to favour expanding either Heathrow or Gatwick Airport.

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The Sheikh family has adjusted to life in a flight path.

:22:30.:22:32.

That may change if there is a new runway at Heathrow

:22:33.:22:36.

with around 500 more flights each day.

:22:37.:22:41.

If it does get the go-ahead, what do you think you

:22:42.:22:43.

I think the noise pollution is really going to affect us.

:22:44.:22:49.

Even though we are sort of used to the noise,

:22:50.:22:53.

with the increased activity, I just wonder how bad it is going to be.

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Going forward, I think it will definitely make us think

:22:57.:22:59.

about whether we want to stay here or not.

:23:00.:23:04.

That would be a really big decision because you have lived

:23:05.:23:07.

A massive decision for us to make, but being a dad, I'm obviously

:23:08.:23:15.

I think living in this area with the pollution,

:23:16.:23:21.

with the air pollution, we would definitely think

:23:22.:23:24.

about going to an area which is free from all of that.

:23:25.:23:29.

Wouldn't you miss the sound of all these planes if you didn't

:23:30.:23:32.

I think I have seen enough planes already.

:23:33.:23:38.

Here to discuss the much-anticapted decision is Matthew Hill,

:23:39.:24:02.

from the business campaign group Let Britain Fly.

:24:03.:24:04.

And Maggie Thornburn, who lives near Heathrow

:24:05.:24:05.

The family there was saying that if it happens, they will move away. You

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have lived wet you have lived all your life, is that how you feel if a

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third runway went ahead? It would make life a lot worse of course. I

:24:25.:24:29.

have very good reasons for staying around because as you will gather

:24:30.:24:32.

from living in an area for a long time, you have all of your

:24:33.:24:37.

connections and family and your life is in an area so it would be a huge

:24:38.:24:41.

cost. I could contemplate it and possibly I would but other people

:24:42.:24:47.

don't have that option. And I know people who've thought that they were

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moving to somewhere safe from this sort of disruption only to find that

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the proposed third runway would put a flight path over their house. They

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have done that and now they are going to get clobbered again.

:25:02.:25:07.

Matthew, you want airport expansion, you don't mind if it is Gatwick or

:25:08.:25:11.

Heathrow, you just want a decision to be made. Certainly business needs

:25:12.:25:17.

a new runway. Heathrow is full, Gatwick will be full very soon.

:25:18.:25:21.

Because they are full it means we don't have the capacity for flights

:25:22.:25:27.

to new destinations and markets, emerging markets like China for

:25:28.:25:30.

instance. And therefore we are missing out on about ?9.5 billion a

:25:31.:25:37.

year in lost trade. We need a new runway for business and a clear

:25:38.:25:42.

decision from government, based on the clear and unanimous

:25:43.:25:44.

recommendation from the airport commission and we needed built as

:25:45.:25:48.

soon as possible. Some people might say it is easy to see the upside is

:25:49.:25:53.

when you don't experience the downsides. Do you have sympathy for

:25:54.:25:58.

people in the flight path? Airport by their nature are large and noisy

:25:59.:26:03.

and it is important the local community are engaged and consulted

:26:04.:26:07.

in a transparent way. There were missions in the airports commission

:26:08.:26:13.

for dealing with noise -- measures. It was good to see that in the

:26:14.:26:17.

Heathrow proposals they had a number of mitigating measures to try to

:26:18.:26:21.

manage the noise impact. But actually a new runway at Heathrow

:26:22.:26:26.

would provide the opportunity to be a better neighbour. With that third

:26:27.:26:30.

runway comes the flexibility to schedule flight in a different way,

:26:31.:26:35.

maybe slightly earlier in the evening, later in the morning, and

:26:36.:26:39.

therefore being a better neighbour on noise. What we really need to see

:26:40.:26:44.

is that certainty from government about where the runway will go so it

:26:45.:26:50.

can get on and build. Do you feel your voice has been listened to? I

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think so and so far as the proponents of the scheme are coming

:26:56.:26:58.

up with answers to our objections but whether we believe they will

:26:59.:27:02.

actually have the effect that is proposed and be carried forward...

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We have had so many promises in the past that have not turned out the

:27:09.:27:12.

way they were promised. We have had promises there would not be any

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expansion and that has come back and been turned round. The other point

:27:18.:27:22.

is that whatever the mitigation may be, there are so many more people

:27:23.:27:28.

being affected by Heathrow in London than in any other capital city, that

:27:29.:27:34.

basically it is in the wrong place and it is making a bad situation

:27:35.:27:39.

worse to propose to expand it. When you hear Matthew making the case for

:27:40.:27:44.

the country and the economy, do you accept that it is an issue for the

:27:45.:27:51.

greater good? There is an argument which is based on figures that I

:27:52.:27:57.

think are very selective. I also think that the economy has many

:27:58.:28:01.

different aspects that could be developed in a different way without

:28:02.:28:07.

Heathrow being expanded and indeed the whole premise of the airports

:28:08.:28:10.

commission was that we need another runway in the south-east of England.

:28:11.:28:15.

But what happened to the idea that the south-east was getting

:28:16.:28:19.

overheated? We are possibly the wrong place to expand anyway. As far

:28:20.:28:25.

as flight are concerned, there is spare capacity in other airports. It

:28:26.:28:30.

would not be the same thing as expanding Heathrow but there is more

:28:31.:28:34.

than one way of dealing with economic considerations. Norman says

:28:35.:28:40.

that most people I work on by jet engines from Manchester and bought

:28:41.:28:43.

in Stockport. What happened the law on noise pollution? John said that

:28:44.:28:50.

you don't get used to be pollution that you can take the atmosphere.

:28:51.:28:53.

The government says they have reduced noise and pollution around

:28:54.:28:57.

Heathrow but the way they have done this is by pushing all of this over

:28:58.:29:01.

Essex by changing the outbound flight path out of Stansted. Martin

:29:02.:29:06.

says that Gatwick is the same and what about the engine test in the

:29:07.:29:09.

night? Vincent said airport expansion and noise has been going

:29:10.:29:14.

on for years so what came first, the chicken or the egg? They move into

:29:15.:29:18.

the area knowing this. Answering about other ways to expand the

:29:19.:29:24.

economy? The airports commission looked at this in detail, for three

:29:25.:29:29.

years. It looked at a range of options and found unanimously that

:29:30.:29:34.

both the final short listed options of Gatwick and Heathrow were viable

:29:35.:29:40.

and it recommended Heathrow for a number of reasons. Those were to do

:29:41.:29:43.

with accessibility, its connections to London and the rest of the

:29:44.:29:48.

country, for connectivity, the ability to grow long haul routes to

:29:49.:29:52.

new markets for new growth and jobs, and also connectivity to the rest of

:29:53.:29:56.

the country. Because the airports are full in London at the moment,

:29:57.:30:00.

there are not those domestic links to Scotland and the North to connect

:30:01.:30:04.

to overseas markets. The government will announce which way it is going

:30:05.:30:08.

next week, the start of a consultation process. It is

:30:09.:30:12.

anticipated that the decision might be Heathrow although we don't know.

:30:13.:30:17.

If it is, what will you do? We certainly won't go away. Those of us

:30:18.:30:22.

who have been opposing it had not been satisfied by any of the

:30:23.:30:25.

promises and we will continue to oppose it and I think it might make

:30:26.:30:30.

it extremely difficult for that proposal, if there is a decision for

:30:31.:30:34.

Heathrow, I think it would make it difficult to go ahead because there

:30:35.:30:39.

will be continued opposition both on legal and other grounds and we will

:30:40.:30:44.

be fighting it for all of those hundred thousand people who will be

:30:45.:30:50.

newly affected as well as those who perhaps knew something about

:30:51.:30:52.

Heathrow when they moved to the area.

:30:53.:31:01.

Still to come. Standing Together is back in use, it was used when MP Jo

:31:02.:31:14.

Cox was killed in her constituency. Now her friend and colleague Rachel

:31:15.:31:17.

Reeves is using it to support Coronation Street actress Tracy

:31:18.:31:21.

Brabin who has been elected as successor of Jo Cox, we will talk to

:31:22.:31:26.

her shortly. And an investigation into the fair treatment of customers

:31:27.:31:30.

attracted to online gambling sites by tempting deals and offers. A

:31:31.:31:35.

former gambling addict is with us in the studio. Let's know your thoughts

:31:36.:31:43.

on that. Now let's catch up with all the news.

:31:44.:31:54.

150,000 tonnes of coal waste and got a junior school and surrounding

:31:55.:31:57.

homes in the Welsh village of Aberfan, killing 144 people, a

:31:58.:32:03.

minute's silence has been held. 116 were children. Prince Charles is

:32:04.:32:07.

attending a ceremony this morning and more events to commemorate the

:32:08.:32:10.

disaster will be held throughout the day. The Conservatives have held

:32:11.:32:14.

former Prime Minister David Cameron's seat of Witney in

:32:15.:32:20.

Oxfordshire. Barrister Robert Courts was elected with a reduced majority,

:32:21.:32:27.

with the vote falling from 66%, to 45%. Labour's Tracy Brabin held the

:32:28.:32:32.

Batley Spen seat where Jo Cox was MP before she was killed in June.

:32:33.:32:34.

Two British warships are shadowing an aircraft carrier and other

:32:35.:32:37.

Russian naval ships as they pass close to the UK.

:32:38.:32:42.

The Russian ships are heading through the English Channel on their

:32:43.:32:48.

way, it is the eastern Mediterranean. A Ministry of defence

:32:49.:32:52.

spokesman said they would be man marked every step of the way new UK

:32:53.:32:54.

waters. There's been criticism

:32:55.:32:56.

of Russia's aggressive polices from the President

:32:57.:32:57.

of the European Council, Armed militants have raided

:32:58.:33:08.

government buildings in Iraq. The Islamic State group says it was

:33:09.:33:12.

behind the attack, claiming fighters broke into the Town Hall and took

:33:13.:33:20.

control of a hotel. This is as Iraqi and Kurdish forces try to take the

:33:21.:33:23.

Iraqi stronghold of Mosul. Universities and student unions

:33:24.:33:26.

should work together to tackle violence against women,

:33:27.:33:28.

harassment and hate crime on campus. EU a task force set up by the heads

:33:29.:33:35.

of university says allegations needed to be recorded properly and

:33:36.:33:39.

victims must get better support. The government has welcomed the report

:33:40.:33:42.

and says it expects it to be implemented.

:33:43.:33:44.

The Competition and Markets Authority is investigating

:33:45.:33:45.

whether people using sports betting and gaming websites

:33:46.:33:47.

It's looking into the terms and conditions of online

:33:48.:33:50.

betting accounts and wants to know why,

:33:51.:33:52.

in some cases, the industry's been cancelling winning bets

:33:53.:33:54.

More from me at ten o'clock. We will talk about online gambling in a

:33:55.:34:15.

while so let's know your thoughts on that. Time for the sport now with

:34:16.:34:20.

Jessica. Des two of England's first test in

:34:21.:34:25.

Bangladesh, they were all out the 293 in their first innings,

:34:26.:34:28.

Bangladesh had a bit of a wobble early in their reply but they found

:34:29.:34:33.

their rhythm with a cabal hitting a half-century. Bangladesh were on

:34:34.:34:39.

116-2. World-record signing Paul Pogba scored twice as Manchester

:34:40.:34:45.

United beat Fenerbahce 4-1 in the rebel league last night. Former

:34:46.:34:50.

United striker Robin Van Persie scored a consolation goal for the

:34:51.:34:52.

Turkish side. Not good news for Southampton,

:34:53.:34:57.

losing 1-0 at Inter Milan after missing a number of chances and

:34:58.:35:00.

despite 11 shots in the second half, it was the Italian side who got the

:35:01.:35:05.

only goal in the San Siro Stadium. And it has been confirmed that after

:35:06.:35:10.

a difficult few months, Ian Drake will set down as Chief Executive of

:35:11.:35:13.

British cycling next April. He said it was the right time to move on.

:35:14.:35:18.

That is all for now. Thank you very much, see you later.

:35:19.:35:21.

As you've been hearing, this morning marks 50 years

:35:22.:35:23.

to the day that more than 100 children and dozens of adults

:35:24.:35:31.

were killed in the Welsh mining village of Aberfan.

:35:32.:35:33.

This morning in 1966, tonnes of coal debris,

:35:34.:35:35.

which had been piled high on a hillside, slipped down

:35:36.:35:37.

The disaster devastated the village and has those there have

:35:38.:35:41.

A series of remembrance events are being held in Aberfan

:35:42.:35:47.

throughout the day, and we'll go live there shortly,

:35:48.:35:49.

but first, here's a reminder from Huw Edwards of what went wrong

:35:50.:35:52.

He has been speaking to the survivors. At 915 a.m., Pantglas

:35:53.:36:04.

Primary School was buried under a mountain of coal waste. The scale of

:36:05.:36:09.

the loss is still difficult to comprehend half a century later.

:36:10.:36:15.

What happened was one of the greatest disasters in the modern

:36:16.:36:18.

history of Wales and the modern history of the United Kingdom.

:36:19.:36:22.

And it's important to get one thing clear.

:36:23.:36:24.

This was no freak of nature, it was a man-made disaster,

:36:25.:36:27.

And it happened because of a combination of negligence,

:36:28.:36:30.

One of those who survived the disaster, her life

:36:31.:36:35.

still overshadowed by the events 50 years ago, is Gaynor Madgwick.

:36:36.:36:37.

She was eight at the time and lost her brother Carl

:36:38.:36:40.

She has since written a book about her experiences.

:36:41.:36:45.

We met in the memorial garden on the site of the old

:36:46.:36:48.

The ceiling of the school had come in and it landed on half

:36:49.:36:53.

the children, and I had a radiator that had come off the wall and it

:36:54.:36:57.

I just remember looking at another friend of ours who had literally

:36:58.:37:06.

tried to climb up through the roof which was on top of the children.

:37:07.:37:10.

And, "I'm going to get help, I'm going to get help."

:37:11.:37:13.

I was whisked away in the ambulance to St Tydfil's Hospital

:37:14.:37:21.

and I remained there, isolated I feel,

:37:22.:37:23.

It was then in the evening time that I was told that my brother

:37:24.:37:28.

We can cross now to our reporter Bethan Roberts,

:37:29.:37:45.

Yes, thank you, we are outside that memorial garden and you can see the

:37:46.:38:00.

walls built to reflect the shape of the classrooms of that school,

:38:01.:38:06.

Pantglas Primary School. I am joined by an historian now. You remember

:38:07.:38:11.

that day very well. I do, I was a university student at the time,

:38:12.:38:16.

living not far from this community. My father was a Minister and joined

:38:17.:38:23.

the weekend, he came to map -- Aberfan the office help and many did

:38:24.:38:27.

the same thing. I remember that day, it was a very sad day emotionally

:38:28.:38:33.

and it remained in the memories of many people sense. Not just trying

:38:34.:38:36.

to grapple with the events of that day, but for this community, the

:38:37.:38:41.

fight following the inquest and the request for money, they have had to

:38:42.:38:46.

battle all the way. They have had to battle all the way and it is a

:38:47.:38:49.

reflection of their bravery and courage. They had to stand on their

:38:50.:38:52.

own feet because nobody else would help them. At the time of the

:38:53.:38:57.

disaster, you had this massive corporate institution, National Coal

:38:58.:39:03.

Board, with this overwhelming power of the man who controlled it, Lord

:39:04.:39:07.

Robens, who refuse to accept responsibility and the fact that he

:39:08.:39:12.

knew that they did not know about the existence of the stream which

:39:13.:39:17.

caused the tips to collapse. They stayed with that story until the

:39:18.:39:21.

last moment of the tribunal held in the wake of the disaster. Even he

:39:22.:39:26.

was not allowed to be dismissed from his post and he remained in his post

:39:27.:39:30.

in 1971, largely because he was imported to the Labour government

:39:31.:39:35.

because he was seen as the defender of the National Union of Mineworkers

:39:36.:39:38.

because the government was closing the pits. He was indispensable and

:39:39.:39:42.

he remained in his post and he refused to give it a penny of the

:39:43.:39:50.

funds to remove these tips unless villagers made a contribution, and

:39:51.:39:53.

that was scandalous and it added to the pain and bitter memories of

:39:54.:39:58.

those people. You mentioned the stream which was the spring that was

:39:59.:40:02.

crucial in this story. There had been warnings and those warnings

:40:03.:40:06.

were ignored. They had been ignored and there was a slippage three years

:40:07.:40:11.

earlier and the headmistress of the school had set up a petition sent to

:40:12.:40:17.

the colliery manager who refuse to acknowledge the petition. Nothing

:40:18.:40:21.

about the situation. What is even more scandalous is this was a

:40:22.:40:24.

nationalist industry set up to meet the needs of the working people in

:40:25.:40:29.

this country. On top of that, there was health and safety beneath ground

:40:30.:40:33.

but no tipping policy, which came through in the conclusion of the

:40:34.:40:37.

tribunal which came to an end of its operations in 90 77. There was a

:40:38.:40:42.

friend in Parliament to help, only one MP stood up to defend them and

:40:43.:40:47.

that was the local MP for Merthyr Tydfil, suspended three years later

:40:48.:40:51.

because the Labour Party was very much involved in this because they

:40:52.:40:54.

wanted to defend the industry and they felt they could not dismiss

:40:55.:41:02.

Lord Robens. 50 years on, how do you assess the impact of that tragic

:41:03.:41:07.

day? It was an exceptionally spine chilling day, there were many other

:41:08.:41:12.

events in the history of Wales, in disasters, but this was exceptional

:41:13.:41:16.

and it was a scar on the memory of the people. It also reflects another

:41:17.:41:23.

scene, the overwhelming power of corporate institutions, which can

:41:24.:41:27.

override the feelings and the demands of ordinary people. It was

:41:28.:41:31.

man-made, it could have been avoided. It was man-made, it could

:41:32.:41:35.

have been avoided had people be more responsible on that day. Thank you

:41:36.:41:40.

very much. Come back to us and I will be joined by two survivors late

:41:41.:41:43.

in the programme. We will join you later in the

:41:44.:41:48.

programme, thank you very much. Matt on Facebook, they knew that spoil

:41:49.:41:52.

pile was unstable and decided to do nothing, a tragedy that should never

:41:53.:41:55.

have happened. On text, as somebody old enough to

:41:56.:41:59.

recall the tragic events of 50 years ago, I recall the horror I felt, I

:42:00.:42:04.

know it affected me in Yorkshire as it did people all over Britain and

:42:05.:42:20.

the world. Deeply. Whether we recall that day or not, we must never

:42:21.:42:23.

forget and keep Aberfan in our hearts. Jean on Facebook, I was 14

:42:24.:42:26.

when Aberfan happens, I remember the sadness we felt and the tears for

:42:27.:42:29.

those children who died. 50 years later, it still resonates that a

:42:30.:42:31.

whole generation died that day. Coming up, calls for a zero

:42:32.:42:33.

tolerance approach to sexual violence, hate crime and violence on

:42:34.:42:36.

university campuses. We speak to a woman raped while a student who

:42:37.:42:38.

campaigns to end sex crimes. It's four months since the nation

:42:39.:42:42.

was shocked by the death Now, following a by-election

:42:43.:42:45.

in her West Yorkshire constituency of Batley Spen yesterday,

:42:46.:42:53.

the former Coronation Street actress Tracy Brabin takes up her seat

:42:54.:42:55.

as the new Labour MP. The seat was not contested

:42:56.:42:58.

by the other main parties and Ms Brabin won with 85%

:42:59.:43:00.

of the vote. It was a phenomenal campaign run

:43:01.:43:08.

in difficult circumstances where people are absolutely

:43:09.:43:12.

heartbroken about what happened. And what we saw as a tragedy others

:43:13.:43:13.

saw as an opportunity to get out And I think tonight's been

:43:14.:43:17.

a huge success for us, We'll speak to one of Jo's

:43:18.:43:20.

friends in a moment, the MP Rachel Reeves,

:43:21.:43:25.

but first, here's Rachel addressing other MPs in June,

:43:26.:43:27.

shortly after Jo's death. Jo was struck down much too

:43:28.:43:30.

soon, so it now falls on all of our shoulders -

:43:31.:43:32.

the woman I met in a coffee shop in Batley, Jo's

:43:33.:43:35.

friends, MPs, all of us - To combat and guard against hatred,

:43:36.:43:38.

intolerance and injustice, to serve others with dignity

:43:39.:43:42.

and with love. And that is the best way

:43:43.:43:46.

that we can remember Jo Batley and Spen will go

:43:47.:43:49.

on to elect a new MP. Rachel Reeves is

:43:50.:44:00.

in our Leeds studio. She's been out campaigning

:44:01.:44:11.

with Tracy Brabin. Thank you very much for joining us

:44:12.:44:19.

this morning. A difficult time. Tracy Brabin said, it is a

:44:20.:44:23.

bittersweet victory. Yes, that is exactly the right word and way of

:44:24.:44:29.

looking at it. I was in Batley Spen yesterday campaigning for Tracy

:44:30.:44:32.

but it was a by-election I did not want to fight, there were doors I

:44:33.:44:36.

did not want to knock on. But as I said in that speech, Batley Spen

:44:37.:44:43.

has elected a new MP and Tracy is a wonderful woman. Jo and her were

:44:44.:44:48.

friends and they campaigns together. Like Jo, Tracy is from the

:44:49.:44:51.

constituency and she knows and she loves the area and she is going to

:44:52.:44:56.

be a great MP for the people of Batley Spen and a great

:44:57.:44:59.

representative in Parliament. It was a difficult day yesterday and

:45:00.:45:02.

difficult watching that acceptance speech from Tracy last night, but

:45:03.:45:07.

looking forward to working with her on the causes close to her heart as

:45:08.:45:12.

well as those close to that of Jo. Tell us more about Tracy. She is

:45:13.:45:17.

known to many for appearing on screen in Coronation Street and

:45:18.:45:25.

other shows. Jo Cox spoke of wanting there to be a consensual politics,

:45:26.:45:30.

of a kinder and gentler politics, what will Tracy's strengths be in

:45:31.:45:31.

politics? Tracy was brought up in the

:45:32.:45:41.

constituency and went to school and is passionate about the area. She

:45:42.:45:47.

has had an incredibly successful career as an actor and screen right

:45:48.:45:50.

and she will be able to bring some of those skills and experience to

:45:51.:45:53.

the role, injuring there are more good quality jobs in places like

:45:54.:45:58.

Batley and Spen, that it punches above its weight as a community. I

:45:59.:46:01.

know that she is passionate about that. As well as that experience in

:46:02.:46:06.

her work, she has also been a campaigner for many years including

:46:07.:46:13.

some of the issues that Jo cared about. She will be able to bring

:46:14.:46:17.

that experience to the role as MP for Batley and Spen. The death of Jo

:46:18.:46:24.

Cox shone a light on the tone of political debate and after she died,

:46:25.:46:30.

many expressed a hope that there would be a kinder politics

:46:31.:46:32.

afterwards. Have you seen that coming through? She spoke in her

:46:33.:46:38.

maiden speech about that we had more in common than that which divides us

:46:39.:46:43.

and that was something that grows and motivated her, to work with

:46:44.:46:48.

people, whatever their politics or background, to try to make the world

:46:49.:46:52.

a better place. Whether that was making Batley and Spen about the

:46:53.:46:56.

place, the country or internationally with the work that

:46:57.:47:00.

she did in some of the most war ravaged and damaged places in the

:47:01.:47:05.

world. What happened when she died, there was a huge outpouring of love

:47:06.:47:09.

and grief and a lot of people said, I want to live my life more like

:47:10.:47:13.

her. If anything good is to come out of this, is that we think a bit more

:47:14.:47:18.

about how we act in the world and the way we treat each other and the

:47:19.:47:21.

difference we try to make. If all others tried a little bit to live a

:47:22.:47:26.

bit more like that, by those values, that we have more in common than

:47:27.:47:30.

that which divides us, I think all of the communities and the world

:47:31.:47:34.

would be a better place. That is the way we can honour Jo and her legacy

:47:35.:47:38.

and I know that Tracy will be trying to do that now in her role. Do you

:47:39.:47:43.

think anything has changed in politics? When I was out yesterday,

:47:44.:47:50.

a lot of people are still coming to terms with what has happened. They

:47:51.:47:54.

feel very moved by what happened. You look at the result, people who

:47:55.:47:59.

had voted for all different parties over the years came together to vote

:48:00.:48:03.

Labour and vote for Tracy. That is an example and a reminder that we do

:48:04.:48:09.

have more in common, the Conservatives and Lib Dems and other

:48:10.:48:13.

main parties did not field candidates yesterday out of respect.

:48:14.:48:17.

But also to put into practice the idea that we have more in common. We

:48:18.:48:22.

spend a lot of time arguing between the parties in parliament but

:48:23.:48:27.

actually at moments like this, it is a reminder that we must all come

:48:28.:48:30.

together in the national interest for the common good. Thank you very

:48:31.:48:35.

much for joining us this morning. There are concerns that gamblers

:48:36.:48:39.

are being ripped off by online gambling companies who may have

:48:40.:48:41.

broken the law. The government's competition

:48:42.:48:45.

regulator is launching an investigation into

:48:46.:48:48.

whether gamblers are being conned Here to talk about the

:48:49.:48:52.

investigation is Nisha Arora. She is the Senior Director

:48:53.:48:56.

for Consumer Enforcement at the Competition

:48:57.:48:59.

and Markets Authority. Justyn Larcombe is a recovering

:49:00.:49:00.

online gambling addict He has fallen victim to some

:49:01.:49:03.

of the practices the CMA Thank you for joining us. You are

:49:04.:49:20.

looking at three specific areas, unfair small print, difficulty in

:49:21.:49:25.

withdrawing winnings and odds being altered. Set out your concerns on

:49:26.:49:36.

those areas. With promotions, consumers and players being enticed

:49:37.:49:39.

into what looked like great deals and promotions on the surface,

:49:40.:49:43.

looking like a good deal and fair but actually they are attached with

:49:44.:49:47.

hidden and conflicts terms which means that people don't understand

:49:48.:49:51.

the deal they are getting into and often are not even able to get a

:49:52.:49:55.

pay-out at the end of the day and get their winnings. In terms of the

:49:56.:50:01.

odds, we are concerned that companies are cancelling bets or

:50:02.:50:04.

altering the odds on things of the people had placed they might bet on

:50:05.:50:11.

something at 20-1 but the pay-out is reduced because the company said

:50:12.:50:14.

that we made the mistake and we have changed the odds after you placed

:50:15.:50:19.

your bet. We are also concerned... How widespread is that? It is a

:50:20.:50:26.

widespread practice traditionally in the land betting offices because it

:50:27.:50:32.

has come about because of human error. In an online world we think

:50:33.:50:36.

it is occurring and we want to know why it should occur and what is the

:50:37.:50:41.

justification. The reason for this investigation is to find out how

:50:42.:50:45.

widespread that is and what is happening and if players are really

:50:46.:50:48.

being a comment. And on that issue of unfair small print, the body

:50:49.:50:52.

being tempted by what looks to be free money to start betting with and

:50:53.:50:57.

discovering it is not quite as straightforward as that -- somebody

:50:58.:51:02.

being tempted. If that making people gamble when they might not

:51:03.:51:06.

otherwise? It might well do because bonuses are getting bigger and

:51:07.:51:10.

bigger. If you put in ?100, you get a chance of that money being matched

:51:11.:51:14.

or doubled so it could make you put in more money. And you I get back to

:51:15.:51:18.

actually have to put in more money in order to get the winnings at the

:51:19.:51:23.

end of the day, I think that has the potential to tempt people to spend

:51:24.:51:27.

more money that they might not have done otherwise. You have a gambling

:51:28.:51:32.

addiction which obviously you have now turned your life around but

:51:33.:51:36.

going back to when it started, it is the offer of a free bet that drew

:51:37.:51:43.

you in? It was a ?5 free bet, I was watching a game of rugby and I

:51:44.:51:47.

noticed an advert by the side of the pitch for the first time. What did

:51:48.:51:52.

it say and lead you on to do? It was the offer of a ?5 free bet if I

:51:53.:51:58.

matched the state. I went upstairs and got my laptop, I had never

:51:59.:52:02.

gambled before -- the stake. I joined up and deposited ?5 and I won

:52:03.:52:12.

that bet. That was the start of everything. Do you think without

:52:13.:52:15.

that free offer you would never have gone down that path? If I had lost

:52:16.:52:20.

the bet, I think I would have just closed my laptop and thought, what a

:52:21.:52:25.

waste of time. I was not thinking about gambling at the time. I was

:52:26.:52:32.

just having a normal day. And over time you developed a significant

:52:33.:52:37.

addiction and ended up losing ?750,000. What sort of things did

:52:38.:52:40.

you experience through the time you were betting that chimes with the

:52:41.:52:46.

issues we are looking at? It was a very gradual process over three

:52:47.:52:51.

years and I went from someone who'd gambled occasionally, but towards

:52:52.:52:55.

the end, when I had spent all the money, the equity in my house, got

:52:56.:52:59.

all the loans I could get, when my wife had left and the children had

:53:00.:53:04.

gone, when I was not eating because I was spending money, that time at

:53:05.:53:10.

my most vulnerable, that is when I felt most exposed to the adverts. To

:53:11.:53:14.

getting a call from someone saying, would you like a free bet today.

:53:15.:53:18.

Getting e-mails from people saying, we have got a deal for you. And it

:53:19.:53:25.

is not a free bet. It is misleading because it keeps you gambling. In

:53:26.:53:29.

order to get your money that you think you have won, you have to keep

:53:30.:53:34.

placing a bet. Sometimes 30 times before you begin to get the money

:53:35.:53:37.

back that you think you will get. It is probably the most vulnerable,

:53:38.:53:43.

they are the highest risk of this kind of promotion. When you did have

:53:44.:53:47.

winnings you found it hard to take them out? Completely but as a

:53:48.:53:52.

compulsive gambler you probably would not take it out anyway will

:53:53.:53:56.

stop you would like to, and I heard so many stories from people, where

:53:57.:53:59.

people had a significant win and they want to take the money out but

:54:00.:54:04.

it takes so long to do that. If it is related to a promotion, you

:54:05.:54:08.

probably would not be able to take it out anyway. You end up gambling

:54:09.:54:13.

it anyway? Do you think if you had been able to take it away at any

:54:14.:54:16.

point that you might have walked away? Early on, that is what I would

:54:17.:54:23.

have done. This is why it is a bit dangerous because it is bringing in

:54:24.:54:27.

people. There are three types of people, most people gamble

:54:28.:54:30.

responsibly and there is no issue and this will not affect them. Then

:54:31.:54:35.

you have a large number who are at risk and the industry says that

:54:36.:54:37.

figure is about 3.5 million, not just online gambling. Then you have

:54:38.:54:44.

a small percentage, still a high number, 5.5 million people gambling

:54:45.:54:49.

online, a high number who are compulsive. Those people are the

:54:50.:54:53.

ones that will keep on playing and they will be looking at the adverts.

:54:54.:55:00.

People are getting in touch. Rob, my wife and myself won ?1000 and when

:55:01.:55:04.

he tried to transfer it, they took us through a torturous identity

:55:05.:55:08.

process lasting six weeks. They did not ask for identity when we

:55:09.:55:12.

deposited the ?50 to gamble. We closed the cat out immediately. An

:55:13.:55:16.

anonymous e-mail, a lot of sites give big bonuses and when you when

:55:17.:55:22.

it goes on as a bonus so he never really went and if you did win, they

:55:23.:55:26.

would only pay out in drips and wraps. Adam says free bets and

:55:27.:55:31.

misleading ad led my dad to a gambling addiction, free bets are

:55:32.:55:34.

not so free, this crackdown is needed. At one stage as well you

:55:35.:55:40.

wanted to stop and you locked yourself going on going onto a

:55:41.:55:45.

website but even that did not work. The problem was, there are 2500

:55:46.:55:50.

online gambling sites. I had a problem with one of them and when my

:55:51.:55:53.

wife found out, I confessed everything, I logged in and self

:55:54.:56:00.

excluded myself from that one site. At the moment, you would have to

:56:01.:56:04.

exclude yourself from two and a half thousand sites. That is changing and

:56:05.:56:08.

the commission are trying to put through a one-stop inclusion which

:56:09.:56:12.

is brilliant. A couple of weeks after I self excluded, I had a

:56:13.:56:17.

promotional e-mail, saying would you like a ?50 free bet if you sign up.

:56:18.:56:21.

I convinced myself that a free bet was not gambling and ended up losing

:56:22.:56:28.

everything. When you hear this experience, and obviously he is not

:56:29.:56:32.

the only person to have done that, what do you think about the

:56:33.:56:35.

responsibility that should be shown in that environment? The gambling

:56:36.:56:39.

commission, we're working closely with them, they have a project

:56:40.:56:44.

looking at the problem of gambling in the industry. What we are looking

:56:45.:56:50.

at is companies treating people fairly, giving them the right

:56:51.:56:53.

information so they know what they are signing up for and not stacking

:56:54.:56:58.

the odds against them in the fairway that they either end up having to

:56:59.:57:02.

walk away and leave winnings which is difficult to do, or having to

:57:03.:57:05.

carry on gambling with the idea that they will get them. We are keen to

:57:06.:57:10.

ensure that people are treated fairly. Thank you very much and

:57:11.:57:15.

thank you for your comments. Keep them coming on this and every thing

:57:16.:57:22.

else that we are talking about. We are also going to be talked about

:57:23.:57:26.

sexual violence on university campuses. We will talk to one woman

:57:27.:57:30.

who was raped while she was a student but the allegations were not

:57:31.:57:31.

taken seriously. Good News for the weekend with some

:57:32.:57:46.

dry weather coming up with with the Knights getting longer and colder we

:57:47.:57:51.

have seen some misty mornings. We have also seen is the mist

:57:52.:57:57.

thickening into dense fog and patchy fog, you can be going along and the

:57:58.:58:04.

visibility is fine but suddenly you plunge into that dense fog. Some of

:58:05.:58:12.

that is still around, mainly in western England and Wales and it is

:58:13.:58:16.

fairly patchy but most have had a glorious start, dry and sunny with

:58:17.:58:19.

light winds. It will feel a bit warmer after the initial chill. More

:58:20.:58:24.

cloudy in the south and east, some heavy showers in east Anglia moving

:58:25.:58:30.

westwards. We also have some more cloud and rain in the north of

:58:31.:58:34.

Scotland around Caithness and Orkney. Away from that, much of

:58:35.:58:40.

Scotland and Northern Ireland going towards lunchtime will be dry and

:58:41.:58:46.

sunny. For most of you, a fine autumn day with light winds and

:58:47.:58:50.

sunshine overhead and it will feel quite pleasant. Further showers in

:58:51.:58:54.

the East but not as many as in recent days. But in East Anglia,

:58:55.:58:59.

there is a chance it could be heavy and thundery. Temperatures are

:59:00.:59:03.

tempered a bit by the strength of the wind. The breeze will bring in

:59:04.:59:06.

showers through the east of the UK. Most will be dry and clear, some

:59:07.:59:12.

more clout in several parts with the small child of some rain later on

:59:13.:59:16.

but in the West it will be clearest -- at the small chance of some rain.

:59:17.:59:23.

Temperatures will tumble outside of towns and cities with some frost

:59:24.:59:28.

going into the weekend. That will lift through the morning. More clout

:59:29.:59:32.

in western areas, a few more showers tomorrow, you might have one in

:59:33.:59:36.

Northern Ireland and central parts of Scotland and a few more in east

:59:37.:59:39.

in England which will drift westwards. But there are big gaps

:59:40.:59:44.

between them, many will spend the bulk if not all of the day dry.

:59:45.:59:52.

Temperatures mostly gentle. This area of low pressure develops, not

:59:53.:59:59.

effective as directly but as it develops, it squeezes up against the

:00:00.:00:03.

high-pressure further north and the wins will strengthen and it will

:00:04.:00:06.

feel colder on Sunday. More showers in the East but many will be dry and

:00:07.:00:11.

sunny in the West again. Enjoy your weekend.

:00:12.:00:14.

Welcome to the Victoria Derbyshire Show, if you've just joined us.

:00:15.:00:18.

Communities across Wales come together to remember

:00:19.:00:21.

116 children and 28 adults were killed when tonnes of coal

:00:22.:00:27.

waste engulfed the village 50 years ago.

:00:28.:00:39.

The ceiling came in and landed on half the children. I looked at

:00:40.:00:44.

another friend who literally tried to climb through the roof. I was

:00:45.:00:49.

whisked away in an ambulance to the hospital and I remained their

:00:50.:00:53.

isolated I feel for over three months.

:00:54.:00:56.

A taskforce has called for zero-tolerance to sexual

:00:57.:00:58.

We'll speak to a campaigner who was raped while she was a student

:00:59.:01:02.

and to a woman who has curtailed her social life

:01:03.:01:04.

at university because of sexual harrassment.

:01:05.:01:07.

Two British warships are shadowing an aircraft carrier and other

:01:08.:01:14.

Russian naval vessels sailing through the English Channel.

:01:15.:01:16.

The fleet is believed to be en-route to the Eastern mediterranean.

:01:17.:01:19.

We will be live from both sides of the Channel,

:01:20.:01:21.

Here's Ben Brown in the BBC Newsroom with a summary of today's news.

:01:22.:01:31.

A minute's silence has been held to mark the fiftieth anniversary

:01:32.:01:36.

150,000 tonnes of coal waste engulfed a junior school

:01:37.:01:43.

and surrounding homes in the Welsh village, killing 144 people,

:01:44.:01:46.

Prince Charles is attending a ceremony in Aberfan this morning,

:01:47.:01:50.

and more events to commemorate the disaster will be held

:01:51.:01:53.

Former Prime Minister David Cameron has congratulated Robert Courts on

:01:54.:02:09.

his victory in the Witney by-election. He was elected with a

:02:10.:02:13.

reduced majority. The Conservative vote share falling from 66%, to 45%.

:02:14.:02:17.

In yesterday's other by-election... Meanwhile Labour's Tracy Brabin held

:02:18.:02:21.

the Batley and Spen seat where Jo Cox was MP before

:02:22.:02:23.

she was killed in June. The party's candidate Great Repeal

:02:24.:02:32.

Bill got a majority of 16,000 500. Turnout was 25%, one of the low

:02:33.:02:36.

asked for a by-election since the Second World War. The other parties

:02:37.:02:43.

chose not to put up candidates. -- the lowest.

:02:44.:02:44.

Two British warships are shadowing an aircraft carrier and other

:02:45.:02:46.

Russian naval ships as they pass close to the UK.

:02:47.:02:49.

The ships are heading through the English Channel

:02:50.:02:51.

on their way, it's thought, to the eastern Mediterranean.

:02:52.:02:53.

There's been criticism of Russia's aggressive polices from President

:02:54.:02:55.

Armed militants have carried out several raids

:02:56.:03:01.

The Islamic State group claimed its fighters had

:03:02.:03:06.

broken into the town hall, attacked a police station

:03:07.:03:08.

The assaults come as the Iraqi Government and Kurdish forces

:03:09.:03:17.

attempt to re-take the IS stronghold of Mosul.

:03:18.:03:19.

Theresa May has said Britain intends to remain at the heart

:03:20.:03:21.

of the European Union right up to the moment of its departure.

:03:22.:03:24.

Addressing EU leaders at her first summit as Prime Minister,

:03:25.:03:27.

she made it clear the UK would play a full part in decision-making until

:03:28.:03:30.

The German Chancellor, Angela Merkel, later said

:03:31.:03:35.

she expected the Brexit negotiations to be "rough-going".

:03:36.:03:41.

Public sector borrowing rose slightly in September

:03:42.:03:45.

to ?10.6 billion, according to the Office for

:03:46.:03:47.

The figures make it likely that the Chancellor Philip Hammond

:03:48.:03:53.

will have to admit the Treasury won't hit its target for deficit

:03:54.:03:58.

reduction for this year, set in the last Budget.

:03:59.:04:01.

A report is recommending a complete overhaul of how British universities

:04:02.:04:04.

deal with sexual assaults, harassment and hate crime on campus.

:04:05.:04:07.

A task force, set up by the heads of universities,

:04:08.:04:10.

has said allegations need to be recorded properly and victims

:04:11.:04:12.

The Government has welcomed the report and said it expects

:04:13.:04:19.

The Competition and Markets Authority is investigating

:04:20.:04:24.

whether people using sports betting and gaming websites

:04:25.:04:26.

It's looking into the terms and conditions of online

:04:27.:04:34.

accounts and wants to know why, in some cases, the industry's been

:04:35.:04:38.

cancelling winning bets and refusing to pay out.

:04:39.:04:41.

Environmentalists are warning that hundreds of rare snow leopards

:04:42.:04:43.

are being killed every year in the mountain ranges of Asia.

:04:44.:04:46.

The wildlife monitoring group Traffic International says many

:04:47.:04:48.

are being targeted by farmers in retaliation for

:04:49.:04:50.

That's a summary of the latest BBC News - more at 10:30.

:04:51.:05:01.

Thank you. We are remembering the Aberfan disaster today, 50 years

:05:02.:05:13.

later. 116 children and 28 adults killed in the disaster. We will

:05:14.:05:18.

speak later to a woman who was eight and she survived. Janet says, I was

:05:19.:05:23.

ten when Aberfan happened and it was the first time I saw my dad cry.

:05:24.:05:27.

Charlie on Facebook, I remember the date me and my classmates said our

:05:28.:05:31.

pocket money to the school, so sad. So we will speak to one woman who

:05:32.:05:37.

was just a little girl of eight at the time she survived the disaster

:05:38.:05:39.

and she will talk to us later. Do get in touch with us

:05:40.:05:44.

throughout the morning. And if you text, you will be charged

:05:45.:05:46.

at the standard network rate. Time to get the sport

:05:47.:05:50.

now with Jessica. It's been a morning of mixed

:05:51.:05:52.

fortunes for England on the second 293 all out. Moeen Ali took two

:05:53.:06:11.

wickets and four balls to slow down the Bangladesh reply but they

:06:12.:06:14.

recovered, the local hero working his way to a half-century, much to

:06:15.:06:20.

the delight of the crowd. Adil Rashid made a breakthrough, taking

:06:21.:06:27.

the wicket of the partner of Iqbal. Bangladesh on 120-3, trailing

:06:28.:06:37.

England by 173 runs. Paul Pogba scored twice in their 4-1 win over

:06:38.:06:45.

Fenerbahce. He has been a little under par but just look at this

:06:46.:06:50.

goal. Former United player Robin Van Persie scored a consolation for the

:06:51.:06:55.

Turkish side but with a valuable three points for United, an

:06:56.:06:59.

impressive performance by Paul Pogba. Well, first of all, in some

:07:00.:07:05.

of your mouth as he goes from the worst player in the Premier league

:07:06.:07:10.

to a great player, in 48 hours. And specifically saying, that is you.

:07:11.:07:14.

When I say you, I say the media, especially you and science! But the

:07:15.:07:21.

reality is that we know that he is a very good player -- Einstein. And we

:07:22.:07:27.

know that he needs some time to be, or to show all his potential.

:07:28.:07:38.

Southampton lost 1-0 at Inter Milan after missing a lot of chances. 11

:07:39.:07:43.

shots in the second half, but Inter Milan got the goal, and it means

:07:44.:07:47.

Southampton and Manchester United sit second in their group after

:07:48.:07:50.

three matches. Sometimes you don't have the luck on your side but you

:07:51.:07:53.

have to learn from it and sometimes you just need to get it in front of

:07:54.:07:59.

goal and put the chances away. Games coming thick and fast and we have

:08:00.:08:03.

the chance on Sunday to put things right again.

:08:04.:08:06.

After a difficult few months, Ian Drake has stepped down as Chief

:08:07.:08:11.

Executive of British cycling, next April. In a statement, it said it

:08:12.:08:15.

was the right time for him to move on. His association with the

:08:16.:08:19.

national governing body began in 1995 and he has been Chief Executive

:08:20.:08:23.

since 2009. Great Britain topped the cycling medal table in the real

:08:24.:08:28.

Olympics and Paralympics, but there have also been numerous

:08:29.:08:31.

controversies. That is all the sport. Thank you

:08:32.:08:32.

very much, see you later. I woke up in a stranger's bed, the

:08:33.:08:43.

words of a woman who was raped while at university. We will speak to her

:08:44.:08:47.

in a moment. She said she was not in a fit state to give her consent but

:08:48.:08:52.

the police and university did not take her complaints seriously

:08:53.:08:55.

enough. New guidelines now recommend a complete overhaul of how British

:08:56.:08:59.

universities deal with sexual assaults, harassment and hate crime

:09:00.:09:04.

on campus. The report by the task force of universities UK says

:09:05.:09:08.

allegations need to be recorded properly and victims must get better

:09:09.:09:19.

support. We will also talk to a student at Surrey University, Steph

:09:20.:09:21.

Baker, who said she started going out on less nights out because of

:09:22.:09:23.

sexual harassment. And also with us...

:09:24.:09:29.

Chloe Wynne, welfare officer at Warwick University.

:09:30.:09:31.

And Anne Chappell, director of teaching and learning

:09:32.:09:33.

in the Department of Education at Brunel University London.

:09:34.:09:35.

You are a welfare officer and this has been launched after concerns

:09:36.:09:41.

over a growing issue. Tell us your experiences of how much of an issue

:09:42.:09:48.

there is. You see the statistics, one in four female students at

:09:49.:09:52.

university roughly faced sexual assault rape at university. One in

:09:53.:09:58.

four, sexual assault rape, that is extraordinary. How is that defined?

:09:59.:10:04.

Serious sexual assault, anything after that. So it is clearly a

:10:05.:10:08.

endemic in our institutions and is something that has only started to

:10:09.:10:14.

be taken seriously recently and we see this opportunity for the stars

:10:15.:10:21.

to align and the campaigning work of NUS and other stakeholders coming

:10:22.:10:24.

together to produce this list of recommendations. Alice, you suffered

:10:25.:10:34.

the worst experience in this regard. You were raped and you have decided

:10:35.:10:39.

you want to talk about it. How did the University react? This is about

:10:40.:10:44.

an issue of Pastoral care as much as anything and the messaging from the

:10:45.:10:47.

universities in terms of messages sent out. Yes, I was raped five

:10:48.:10:54.

years ago and when I sat down with a friend with the revelation this is

:10:55.:10:58.

what had happened, to look for options for support, to find out

:10:59.:11:02.

information about what I could do following this event, there was

:11:03.:11:06.

nothing online whatsoever from the University. There was no clear

:11:07.:11:09.

signposting as to whether I could make a complaint to the university,

:11:10.:11:13.

no information about specific support universities, absolutely

:11:14.:11:17.

nothing. It was the task of me and my friends to muddle through the

:11:18.:11:21.

system and figure out the local support services, to give the

:11:22.:11:24.

counselling service a go and see if they would deal with it which in my

:11:25.:11:29.

instance they did not. Why was it important to you? You are at

:11:30.:11:33.

university, why was that support important rather than going straight

:11:34.:11:37.

to the police? So many reasons why somebody might not go to police,

:11:38.:11:41.

following the coverage of the Ched Evans file, we are aware of what the

:11:42.:11:46.

process looks like. I went to the police and they'd dealt with it

:11:47.:11:50.

badly and they said it sounded like sex with regret and said it was a no

:11:51.:11:57.

crime, I subsequently received an apology and a recognition I was

:11:58.:12:03.

raped. There was no record? Nothing I was saying was taken down except

:12:04.:12:09.

no crime disclosed. I said at the beginning in the introduction that

:12:10.:12:13.

you woke up with no recollection. A bit of recollection. Without

:12:14.:12:17.

details, you say about the police describing it as sex with no

:12:18.:12:22.

regrets, tell us why they said that. The context for me was unfortunately

:12:23.:12:27.

typical, went out for a night out and I drank more than I intended and

:12:28.:12:33.

I intended -- I ended up. Top close to my house and was drunk enough not

:12:34.:12:37.

to make it to my front door. The young gentleman in question told me,

:12:38.:12:43.

I do not remember, said he found me on the street wandering around lost

:12:44.:12:47.

and cold and he took me home and he had sex with me, that is what he

:12:48.:12:51.

said. I do have some memories of the sexual interaction and the rest, I

:12:52.:12:56.

had to take at his word. He even got up the map to show me where he found

:12:57.:13:00.

me, 30 minutes from my house, I cannot account for that. The

:13:01.:13:05.

difficulty we have and the police response is indicative of that, a

:13:06.:13:09.

lack of understanding and awareness of instances of rape that do not

:13:10.:13:13.

look like that commonly portrayed in the media and films. No overt

:13:14.:13:17.

violence in my case. No physical injuries. It happened in somebody's

:13:18.:13:22.

accommodation. It is not the kind of thing that people like to think of

:13:23.:13:27.

as rape, it is uncomfortable to recognise such a common practice of

:13:28.:13:31.

picking somebody up drunk and having sex with them might sometimes be

:13:32.:13:36.

rape. There is a big cultural denial of the sexual offending and it is a

:13:37.:13:41.

huge part of what education needs to address on campus. Horrific

:13:42.:13:46.

experience Alice went through. You are the director of teaching and

:13:47.:13:50.

learning at Brunel University. What should be university do?

:13:51.:13:58.

Universities have, as Alice mentioned, through NUS campaigns,

:13:59.:14:06.

there has been awareness raising in the institutions. We are currently

:14:07.:14:10.

involved in a European funded project working with three UK

:14:11.:14:15.

universities and four universities across other European countries,

:14:16.:14:19.

looking at the ways in which we respond to disclosures of sexual

:14:20.:14:23.

violence. They may be recent, historic, they may be things that

:14:24.:14:27.

did happen on campus and recent things that happened away from

:14:28.:14:32.

campus. It is a way of working with the whole university in terms of

:14:33.:14:36.

providing effective and appropriate student support. And at Brunel

:14:37.:14:43.

University, having initiated this project which began before the task

:14:44.:14:48.

force work, based on a number of years worth of research into gender

:14:49.:14:53.

related violence and sexual related violence, colleagues of mine who had

:14:54.:14:59.

been undertaking this work and were involved in the project have used

:15:00.:15:04.

that research, knowledge and understanding, the issues around the

:15:05.:15:07.

legal and the NUS campaigning work that goes on, and to embed that in

:15:08.:15:12.

the practice of the University. So when we began the project and we

:15:13.:15:19.

asked for interested parties, the steering group consists of 26

:15:20.:15:22.

different people with us who have vested interests across the campus

:15:23.:15:28.

in terms of the work that they do, from the counselling service to the

:15:29.:15:32.

chaplaincy and student welfare and equality and diversity and senior

:15:33.:15:36.

leadership, those interested in research. And it has become over the

:15:37.:15:40.

years and especially now with this project, and embedded part of the

:15:41.:15:44.

practice in terms of supporting students. It is also that when

:15:45.:15:49.

students make allegations, they are taken very seriously, so the point

:15:50.:15:54.

at which they are reported at university in our particular case,

:15:55.:15:57.

they go straight to the senior team in the University.

:15:58.:16:02.

On top of the experience you had when you felt nobody did you

:16:03.:16:08.

seriously, what does that do to you? That was the hardest bit of anything

:16:09.:16:14.

of what happened. We use the word re-traumatised in, it was incredibly

:16:15.:16:20.

upsetting to get the guts and go and reach out for help and to report and

:16:21.:16:24.

Abbott disbelief that reinforced your worst fears -- to have that

:16:25.:16:34.

disbelief. It was only because I had phenomenal friends that stop me

:16:35.:16:38.

thinking it was my fault and to have them say no and hold that line. So

:16:39.:16:42.

many students don't have that support network. That is why it is

:16:43.:16:48.

so important that anybody receiving a disclosure should be trained

:16:49.:16:52.

appropriately so the response is sensitive and they don't slip into

:16:53.:16:56.

victim blaming. That comes through in the report, not only that we need

:16:57.:17:00.

specialist staff who can help facilitate access to support

:17:01.:17:06.

services but we need to make sure that any front-line staff who might

:17:07.:17:10.

receive a disclosure, whether it is porters or academic tutors, have a

:17:11.:17:14.

basic understanding of what to say and what not to say. And to pick up

:17:15.:17:22.

what you said about it perhaps being your fault, which obviously it

:17:23.:17:24.

wasn't, and having strong people around you. We are talking about a

:17:25.:17:32.

spectrum of things that happened. Your issue is that you are going out

:17:33.:17:40.

less because of sexual harassment. I would say the most important issue

:17:41.:17:45.

to remember is that from low level sexual harassment, mainly the things

:17:46.:17:50.

that I experienced, all the way up to the more serious sexual violence

:17:51.:17:57.

and rape cases, it all comes under the group of any sort of contact,

:17:58.:18:05.

whether it is low-level, violent or otherwise, that the person has no

:18:06.:18:10.

consent to, that is classed as sexual harassment. It does not

:18:11.:18:14.

matter if it happens on campuses or in the middle of London or on

:18:15.:18:20.

transport. It does not matter where or when, it is the fact that it

:18:21.:18:26.

happens. The term used is lavish culture, is that how you would

:18:27.:18:33.

describe it? -- ladish culture. I would not associate lad culture with

:18:34.:18:39.

only males, I would say it is the culture more than it is male. Can I

:18:40.:18:45.

come in on that? I know this is a term that people use a lot. My

:18:46.:18:50.

biggest concern with the focus on that culture is it stops the rest of

:18:51.:18:56.

us from taking it seriously. If they picked themselves, it would not be a

:18:57.:19:01.

problem. It is not just a problem on universities, amongst lads and

:19:02.:19:06.

sportspeople, this is a broader cultural issue about how we think

:19:07.:19:10.

about sex and consent and how we treat women. Totally. Does it come

:19:11.:19:16.

down to the messaging going out and that needs to filter down from a

:19:17.:19:21.

certain level at universities and educational establishments? People

:19:22.:19:27.

don't recognise what is happening and that means you are more likely

:19:28.:19:30.

to engage in it and it is more normalised. It is that the report

:19:31.:19:39.

touched on, having proper prevent strategies and impact assessments on

:19:40.:19:41.

how they are dealing with that. That is something we are doing at

:19:42.:19:47.

Warwick, putting consent education into the curriculum through

:19:48.:19:53.

departments. We have got a text through which is worth bringing in.

:19:54.:19:58.

Harry says I'm a male university student, I welcome calls for better

:19:59.:20:01.

at dealing with sexual assault on campus but caution is required to

:20:02.:20:05.

prevent a witchhunt. False accusation ruin lies in the same way

:20:06.:20:09.

that sexual assault does and we must not create a culture to cry rape

:20:10.:20:15.

when people allow a consensual encounter. I certainly have

:20:16.:20:29.

something to say about that. The first thing to recognise is all the

:20:30.:20:34.

data we have suggests that false reports of rape are incredibly rare.

:20:35.:20:40.

It is not a common thing to do and you have to realise that a woman to

:20:41.:20:46.

stand up and make an of that sort is very difficult and you attract a lot

:20:47.:20:51.

of flak and stigma and I can speak about personally. In terms of

:20:52.:20:56.

concerns about the portion of the report that suggests that

:20:57.:20:58.

universities should be willing to engage in disciplinary procedures,

:20:59.:21:02.

and people say you had to leave it to the criminal justice process, if

:21:03.:21:07.

universities were saying that we can make finding about criminal

:21:08.:21:10.

offences, you would be absolutely right but that is not what they are

:21:11.:21:14.

doing. They are saying, as with anything else with it is theft or

:21:15.:21:18.

drug addition, vandalism, we can make a finding of misconduct which

:21:19.:21:23.

is you breach the code of conduct you signed up you started. We

:21:24.:21:28.

already have procedures in place for dealing with disciplinary things and

:21:29.:21:32.

it is perverse, and the report points this outcome is that the

:21:33.:21:36.

current situation is that you can report something low-level and the

:21:37.:21:39.

University is willing to engage and if it is serious, they will think it

:21:40.:21:44.

is too hard. The report has careful consideration of the balancing of

:21:45.:21:48.

the interests of different parties, the need to ensure fairness to the

:21:49.:21:52.

person accused while also respecting the complainant. I would encourage

:21:53.:21:56.

anybody concerned about this to look at the report and see that all of

:21:57.:22:01.

those interests have been taken into account and to recognise that not

:22:02.:22:05.

only do we have concerns about defendant rights but also equality

:22:06.:22:09.

act and human rights obligations to complainant 's. You are both nodding

:22:10.:22:16.

at that as people in a position of responsible at the obviously. Thank

:22:17.:22:19.

you all very much for coming in and talking to us and sharing your

:22:20.:22:27.

difficult experience. And thank you for your comments, keep on getting

:22:28.:22:29.

in touch with everything we are talking about.

:22:30.:22:31.

The Prince of Wales unveils a memorial to the 144 victims

:22:32.:22:36.

of the Aberfan disaster, who died 50 years ago when thousands

:22:37.:22:38.

of tonnes of coal waste engulfed the village.

:22:39.:22:43.

We'll speak to a woman who - as an eight year old girl -

:22:44.:22:46.

had to climb through the roof of her primary school to survive.

:22:47.:22:52.

It's "no tourist trip to the Med" - that's what the Russian newspapers

:22:53.:22:55.

are saying this morning and the Ministry of Defence says

:22:56.:22:57.

that a flotilla of Russian warships will be "marked every inch

:22:58.:23:00.

of the way", as it passes through the English Channel

:23:01.:23:02.

It's thought the Russians are testing British capabilities,

:23:03.:23:05.

as well as re-enforcing the bombardment campaign on the

:23:06.:23:07.

A Russian aircraft carrier, believed to be in convoy,

:23:08.:23:13.

has already entered the Channel, off the coast near Ramsgate.

:23:14.:23:17.

In a moment, we'll go to Dover, where our correspondent

:23:18.:23:21.

First, to Calais, and our correspondent Simon Jones.

:23:22.:23:29.

Can you see it where you are? We are monitoring the water like the

:23:30.:23:38.

British authorities and the French authorities have been, saying they

:23:39.:23:43.

are following it every step of the way. Here in France they are

:23:44.:23:47.

monitoring the situation through radar, the Coast Guard station is

:23:48.:23:51.

just along from here, and they are checking in regularly with their

:23:52.:23:55.

British counterparts who have sent out two ships into the channel to

:23:56.:24:03.

market mark it. They are also regularly checking in with Nato.

:24:04.:24:07.

This combo is heading to join other Russian ships as part of the Syrian

:24:08.:24:15.

complex -- convoy. This is Russia saying that we have the rights to

:24:16.:24:20.

take our ships into international waters and it is also Britain

:24:21.:24:24.

responding as part of Nato saying, if you do that, we will make sure as

:24:25.:24:29.

you come through our water as part of the English Channel, we will

:24:30.:24:35.

monitor everything going on. The aircraft carrier will be closest to

:24:36.:24:40.

the other side of the Channel, in British waters, but those

:24:41.:24:43.

effectively become international waters because there is nothing

:24:44.:24:46.

stopping Russia doing this and they have the right to do it as part of

:24:47.:24:51.

Nato. But it shows the build-up of tension and a message from Europe,

:24:52.:24:55.

saying that they are watching and not liking what is going on in

:24:56.:25:06.

Syria. Let's go to Bryony at Dover. We have been here all morning and

:25:07.:25:11.

just out to my left in the channel we have spotted four warships and

:25:12.:25:18.

there were a further three this morning including two supply ships

:25:19.:25:23.

and a Russian tug. What we're looking for, this big show of? Is

:25:24.:25:31.

the jewel in their crown, the Admiral Kuznetsov which is a carrier

:25:32.:25:35.

which can transport 50 aircraft, although we don't know how many are

:25:36.:25:41.

on board. It has the capability of anti-ship missiles. We are expecting

:25:42.:25:44.

it to come through at some point this morning, perhaps in the next 20

:25:45.:25:51.

minutes. The Ministry of Defence has said they will man mark this fleet

:25:52.:25:57.

that is passing through. This is international water but they are

:25:58.:26:02.

near to UK waters and mainland. They will monitor them the whole way

:26:03.:26:09.

through. Their final destination is the eastern Mediterranean so they

:26:10.:26:12.

will go through the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean and

:26:13.:26:16.

on Syria. As we know, heightened tensions between Nato, EU leaders

:26:17.:26:22.

and Russia about Russian involvement in the war. We are waiting to see

:26:23.:26:29.

this big show of force, it is quite far out but it is certainly not the

:26:30.:26:35.

usual day here in written's busiest shipping lane. We can take a live

:26:36.:26:50.

map of ships currently in UK waters. The red mugs are military ships,

:26:51.:26:55.

yellow our cargo ships and the blue ones are fishing vessels. The

:26:56.:27:00.

Russian ships are under the radar so they do not appear but the tugs that

:27:01.:27:05.

accompanied them do. What this gives you is a clear idea of how many

:27:06.:27:09.

ships there are in these waters at the moment.

:27:10.:27:11.

Let's speak to Keir Giles who's an expert in Russian security issues

:27:12.:27:14.

at the Conflict Studies Research Centre.

:27:15.:27:15.

He joins us from our Cambridge studio.

:27:16.:27:18.

Thank you for joining us. Why are they come this way to get to Syria?

:27:19.:27:28.

Is it the only way? From where they are based, yes, they have to pass a

:27:29.:27:31.

bike to get to the eastern Mediterranean. There was nothing

:27:32.:27:35.

unusual about that, it is not the first time the Admiral Kuznetsov has

:27:36.:27:38.

deployed there, but what is different is passing through the

:27:39.:27:42.

English Channel and a lot more is being read into that than it

:27:43.:27:46.

necessarily the case. The media here are extremely excited about it but

:27:47.:27:49.

everything your correspondent explained about them passing through

:27:50.:27:52.

is perfectly normal. They have the right to get through international

:27:53.:27:58.

waters and everything that passes through these shipping lane is

:27:59.:28:02.

watched closely and it is normal for the Royal Navy to keep tabs on major

:28:03.:28:06.

Russian naval assets. In that respect there is nothing exciting

:28:07.:28:13.

about this. It is quite a show of force, isn't it? I would be the

:28:14.:28:17.

largest deployment of the Russian Navy has made once these ships

:28:18.:28:22.

joined with others returning from the Mediterranean but it is part of

:28:23.:28:26.

a process. Russia has been building up this for long time, accessing

:28:27.:28:31.

naval expeditions for the last ten years ever since they restarted

:28:32.:28:34.

long-range patrolling. They have been practising using their

:28:35.:28:37.

different weapons systems and acid in Syria, even the ones not suited

:28:38.:28:43.

for the job, to make the most of the training opportunity as they

:28:44.:28:49.

describe it. How will the way this is being seen, although I appreciate

:28:50.:28:53.

what you are saying, but how will this be seen in Russia? It could be

:28:54.:29:00.

that it was intended initially as some form of test or provocation or

:29:01.:29:05.

demonstration of forced. It might have been that, as with previous

:29:06.:29:12.

cruises in Norwegian waters by the Kuznetsov, there was some sort of

:29:13.:29:15.

irresponsible action protest the country but it seems that if this is

:29:16.:29:21.

attention seeking, they have already got that. They might not need to do

:29:22.:29:26.

anything anti-social because everybody's attention is on this

:29:27.:29:30.

flotilla and in that respect Russia has achieved what it wants. You

:29:31.:29:36.

think there is an element of that? Absolutely, it is an element of what

:29:37.:29:39.

Russia is trying to do in terms of preparing for what they feel is a

:29:40.:29:43.

growing conflict with the West. They want to make sure that everybody is

:29:44.:29:47.

aware that they have a potent and capable military and there are costs

:29:48.:29:51.

in doing things which Russia does not like. They have a recent track

:29:52.:29:55.

record of showing off more and more of their military capability, both

:29:56.:29:59.

within Syria, demonstrating as much of their weaponry and tactics and

:30:00.:30:03.

individuals as possible, but also beyond in northern Europe. The

:30:04.:30:07.

long-awaited move of long-range missiles to Kader Nouni grad. It is

:30:08.:30:13.

all part of a pattern and part of their long-term programme of being

:30:14.:30:16.

ready for a big conflict. And in response to British warships are

:30:17.:30:21.

shadowing an aircraft carrier and those naval ships. That's right, but

:30:22.:30:30.

again, perfectly normal. If you think of this in the pattern of

:30:31.:30:33.

Russian aircraft probing British airspace, coming close but not

:30:34.:30:38.

inside it, testing their weapons runs for collecting intelligence on

:30:39.:30:41.

this country, practising strikes come all the time it is monitored by

:30:42.:30:46.

British and other Nato air and radar assets to make sure what they are up

:30:47.:30:48.

to. Thank you. Wales remembers victims of

:30:49.:30:50.

the Aberfan disaster 50 years ago. We will hear from somebody who was

:30:51.:31:10.

at the school, aged eight, when it happened.

:31:11.:31:11.

And it's not just the sugar in fizzy drinks that can damage your health -

:31:12.:31:14.

new research has revealed that drinks containing artificial

:31:15.:31:16.

sweeteners can also lead to health complications,

:31:17.:31:18.

With the News, here's Ben in the BBC Newsroom.

:31:19.:31:21.

A minute's silence has been held to mark the 50th anniversary

:31:22.:31:25.

150,000 tonnes of coal waste engulfed a junior school

:31:26.:31:28.

and surrounding homes in the Welsh village, killing 144 people,

:31:29.:31:34.

Prince Charles is attending a ceremony in Aberfan this morning,

:31:35.:31:38.

and more events to commemorate the disaster will be held

:31:39.:31:46.

Former Prime Minister David Cameron has congratulated Robert Courts

:31:47.:31:51.

on his victory in the Witney by-election.

:31:52.:31:54.

Mr Courts was elected to the Oxfordshire seat

:31:55.:31:56.

with a reduced majority, with the Conservative vote share

:31:57.:31:59.

Labour retained Batley in West Yorkshire -

:32:00.:32:11.

left vacant since the killing of Jo Cox in June.

:32:12.:32:13.

The party's candidate, Tracy Brabin, won a majority

:32:14.:32:16.

The other main parties chose not to put up candidates.

:32:17.:32:27.

Two British warships are shadowing a Russian aircraft carrier and other

:32:28.:32:30.

naval ships as they pass close to the UK.

:32:31.:32:32.

The ships are heading through the English Channel

:32:33.:32:34.

on their way, it's thought, to the eastern Mediterranean.

:32:35.:32:37.

There's been criticism of Russia's aggressive

:32:38.:32:38.

polices from the President of the European Council,

:32:39.:32:40.

Theresa May will hold talks with the President

:32:41.:32:43.

of the EU Commission, Jean-Claude Juncker,

:32:44.:32:46.

in Brussels this lunchtime, where she's attending her first EU

:32:47.:32:48.

Mrs May told EU leaders last night that the UK would play a full part

:32:49.:32:53.

in decision-making until the Brexit process is complete.

:32:54.:32:57.

The German Chancellor, Angela Merkel, said she expects

:32:58.:32:59.

the Brexit negotiations to be "rough-going".

:33:00.:33:05.

Join me for BBC Newsroom Live at 11 o'clock.

:33:06.:33:12.

Jessica's back now with the morning's sports headlines.

:33:13.:33:20.

We're onto day two of England's first Test in Bangladesh.

:33:21.:33:26.

England were all out for 293 in their first innings.

:33:27.:33:28.

Bangladesh had a bit of a wobble early on in their reply,

:33:29.:33:31.

but they've found they're rhythm, with Tamim Iqbal

:33:32.:33:33.

A moment ago, Bangladesh were on 154-3.

:33:34.:33:39.

World-record signing Paul Pogba scored twice as Manchester United

:33:40.:33:41.

beat Fenerbahce 4-1 at Old Trafford in the Europa League.

:33:42.:33:44.

Former United striker Robin van Persie scored the consolation

:33:45.:33:46.

They lost 1-0 at Inter Milan after missing a host of chances.

:33:47.:33:55.

Despite Southampton's 11 shots in the second half,

:33:56.:33:59.

it was the Italian side who got the only goal in the San Siro.

:34:00.:34:03.

And it's been confirmed this morning that, after a difficult few months,

:34:04.:34:14.

Ian Drake will step down as chief executive of British

:34:15.:34:16.

In a statement, he said it was the right time to move on.

:34:17.:34:20.

That is it, more across the day on the Channel.

:34:21.:34:27.

As you've been hearing, a minute's silence has been observed

:34:28.:34:29.

in Aberfan to mark the 50th anniversary of the disaster which

:34:30.:34:32.

150,000 tonnes of coal waste engulfed the village in South Wales,

:34:33.:34:36.

destroying a junior school and surrounding homes.

:34:37.:34:37.

Bethan Rhys-Roberts is in Aberfan for us.

:34:38.:34:43.

Thank you very much. Yes, the service down at the cemetery has

:34:44.:34:51.

just finished, there were 300-400 people, among them Prince Charles,

:34:52.:34:56.

survivors, families, local dignitaries and politicians paying

:34:57.:35:00.

their respects. Many of them now coming to the memorial garden here,

:35:01.:35:05.

the exact place where Pantglas Primary School stud. We will talk to

:35:06.:35:10.

survivors later on. First, let's hear eyewitness accounts as they

:35:11.:35:14.

unfolded on disastrous days 50 years ago. What happened, Mrs Griffiths? I

:35:15.:35:24.

just came in from getting the milk and I noticed the children were

:35:25.:35:27.

playing in the street going on their way to school and I just went in to

:35:28.:35:32.

give my children their breakfast and I heard a terrible noise like a jet,

:35:33.:35:37.

exactly like a jet was coming very low and crashing. I ran out the back

:35:38.:35:42.

and all I could see was eight arable black cloud of smoke and dust and my

:35:43.:35:49.

neighbours said, there has been an explosion by the school. I ran back

:35:50.:35:53.

in the House and I told my eldest little girl, Pat, addressed the

:35:54.:35:56.

babies quickly and get out, I am running down the phone the police.

:35:57.:36:01.

Which I did, I ran down to the Social Democratic club, I told the

:36:02.:36:05.

landlady, they gave me money to dial up and I didn't really need the

:36:06.:36:09.

money, I dialled 999 and said to send the police. Some of the

:36:10.:36:13.

children were not in school at the time? They're definitely where

:36:14.:36:24.

children playing in the street. Somebody said they were going into

:36:25.:36:27.

the local sweet shop. There was one little girl in the sweet shop, I am

:36:28.:36:30.

certain of that, I saw her myself. What happens to her? They have not

:36:31.:36:33.

got any of them, that road has gone and my road, everything has gone.

:36:34.:36:35.

My daughter is in it. How old is your daughter? Eight. When did you

:36:36.:36:42.

last see her? This morning. Any idea where she might be? No idea at all,

:36:43.:36:46.

I have tried to find out, but you asked the police and they will not

:36:47.:36:50.

release any information until the Chief Constable decides. Do you know

:36:51.:36:55.

which classroom she was in? Well, looking up there, you cannot tell

:36:56.:37:00.

what class was what, it is just all buried, everything.

:37:01.:37:07.

Janett Bickley survived the tragedy as an eight-year-old school girl

:37:08.:37:09.

And I am also joined by Dennis. You have just been at the service, it

:37:10.:37:19.

must have been incredibly moving? Yes, very poignant, as a community,

:37:20.:37:25.

we do not get together at a big gathering. Big anniversary, 50

:37:26.:37:30.

years, so we pulled together. A bit difficult sullying the parents but

:37:31.:37:33.

the survivors are there and we are lucky to be able to to attend some

:37:34.:37:38.

children could not attend because they died -- difficult seeing the

:37:39.:37:41.

parents. What you remember of that day 50 years ago, you are here? I

:37:42.:37:47.

remember it vividly, waking up in the morning, I had been in hospital

:37:48.:37:50.

with pneumonia and my brother said I did not want to go to school because

:37:51.:37:55.

I was sick. I said, I am fine. My mother says, she is fine, my brother

:37:56.:37:59.

said, she doesn't want to go. It was half term, a half day, and wanted to

:38:00.:38:05.

go to school. My mother sent it to school with my brother. I remember

:38:06.:38:10.

walking up the lane to the school and I remember sitting at my desk

:38:11.:38:14.

and saying to the teacher, I think there is smoke outside. And he said,

:38:15.:38:19.

that is the steam from the canteen. He was a young, new teacher. I

:38:20.:38:24.

remember thinking, we haven't got a canteen. It is in the senior school.

:38:25.:38:30.

And it got louder, the rumbling. The smoke got worse, it was steam

:38:31.:38:35.

really. And I put my book over my head and put my head on the desk.

:38:36.:38:39.

And next thing I know, I woke up with the desk over my head basically

:38:40.:38:45.

in the rafters of the roof. You heard screaming around you. One

:38:46.:38:52.

little girl was lying across me. I try to help her and she was

:38:53.:38:55.

screaming for me not to move, she was hurting. And a friend of mine,

:38:56.:39:03.

Melvin, he woke up and he pulled the desk from my head and he was digging

:39:04.:39:07.

me out and he said, let's go for help. So I got out and my friend

:39:08.:39:14.

Gerald grabbed hold of my leg and he asked for help and I could not pull

:39:15.:39:19.

him out. I said, I will going get help. So myself and Melvin climbed

:39:20.:39:24.

out of the hole in the roof. We could not find a way out and we went

:39:25.:39:27.

back in and climbed through a different hole and we ran into the

:39:28.:39:32.

hallway, where people were outside trying to get children through the

:39:33.:39:36.

window. So I wouldn't go out because of the young boy in front of me,

:39:37.:39:41.

Bernhard Thomas. He wouldn't move, he was so traumatised. So Mr

:39:42.:39:47.

Williams jumped through the window and he grabbed hold of me and he

:39:48.:39:53.

pulled me out and he took me directly across the road to a house

:39:54.:39:56.

and he put me on the sofa waiting for an ambulance. I said, I need to

:39:57.:40:01.

go back because my friend, my friends are and they went back into

:40:02.:40:05.

get the rest the survivors and I said, my mother will never find me

:40:06.:40:09.

and they said, they will find you, so I waited and I ran away. Dennis,

:40:10.:40:18.

you are 18 and in Cardiff at the time and you just had to volunteer,

:40:19.:40:21.

you came here to help. That is right, there was a newsflash and my

:40:22.:40:26.

mum told me about it and I felt that I needed to do something at that

:40:27.:40:34.

age. And when I got here really, the police were stopping everybody. I

:40:35.:40:40.

got through because I wore my army uniform, and they let's through, me

:40:41.:40:44.

and my friend. We came here and we noticed devastation. We did not know

:40:45.:40:51.

what to do and where to start. I remember I was either in or on top

:40:52.:40:57.

of the school. I saw people around me working, nobody telling you what

:40:58.:41:01.

they do. It was a case of just mocking him and getting on with it

:41:02.:41:05.

because there was a slurry from the mountain which was everywhere.

:41:06.:41:08.

Nobody knew basically where the children work but we could guess

:41:09.:41:11.

where they would be and that is where we started working. So they

:41:12.:41:17.

were digging through the schoolroom, I believe it was a room and we

:41:18.:41:24.

formed a line, and we got a shovel and we were shovelling the mock out

:41:25.:41:30.

to get it out. Until today, you had not met a survivor. Yes, this has a

:41:31.:41:35.

special meaning, I am glad I am here to meet the survivors. You just had

:41:36.:41:44.

to be here today? Yes, yes. People didn't talk about Aberfan four years

:41:45.:41:48.

after the disaster and you have spoken about this. He had to keep it

:41:49.:41:52.

under wraps, what did that do to you? Well, I lived in a small

:41:53.:41:57.

cul-de-sac and out of the children that went to school that day,

:41:58.:42:02.

because some did not because it was half term, out of the children, I

:42:03.:42:06.

was the only one who came home alive. So my mother said, you are

:42:07.:42:11.

lucky, just don't talk about it. So that was it, it was never talked

:42:12.:42:16.

about a game between us. A sense of survivors guilt that so many talk

:42:17.:42:22.

about? Yes, we all went to school together and not of us spoke to each

:42:23.:42:26.

other about it. That was the strangest thing because I did not

:42:27.:42:30.

know what the others remembered, perhaps they did not remember it.

:42:31.:42:34.

Dennis, you have got messages this morning from people who did not

:42:35.:42:38.

realise you were involved in any form with Aberfan? That is right, it

:42:39.:42:42.

is not something you talk about. It is in the back of your mind and

:42:43.:42:48.

through the career I have, because it took me to this sort of career,

:42:49.:42:51.

there were times I would have memories of it and mostly affected

:42:52.:42:58.

when I was involved with a child. That would bring back that memory.

:42:59.:43:02.

And you nearly lost your job for volunteering that day. I did, I was

:43:03.:43:08.

working for a firm at that time and because I spent a couple of days

:43:09.:43:12.

away from work because I had to recover because I was so tired after

:43:13.:43:15.

the time I spent here, and when I went to work, and was called into

:43:16.:43:19.

the office because in those days, we did not have a phone in the House

:43:20.:43:23.

and there was no way to make contact. When I got in, he called me

:43:24.:43:28.

in and said I had been absent four days, what have you got to say about

:43:29.:43:37.

that? I said, I can only say I am sorry. He said sorry was not good

:43:38.:43:40.

enough and they would suck you in those days for being absent anyway.

:43:41.:43:43.

I was sent out and I was called back in and the officer in charge said,

:43:44.:43:50.

why did you not tell me you went to Aberfan? -- they would dismiss you

:43:51.:43:56.

in those days. I said I didn't think about. He said, thank you for the

:43:57.:44:00.

community spirit you showed and we will pay you for those days, don't

:44:01.:44:05.

worry. They even had a letter in the post to say thank you for what I

:44:06.:44:09.

did, that was really lovely for me. And the importance of the day, we

:44:10.:44:15.

have had a minute's silence, the service in the cemetery, is that

:44:16.:44:20.

cathartic? How important is that? Very important, because it feels...

:44:21.:44:25.

I will never forget it and I don't want to. It is a line under it for

:44:26.:44:32.

me. I will not be here for the next big anniversary of course but my

:44:33.:44:35.

grandchildren have been involved as well, singing in the Millennium

:44:36.:44:40.

Centre and they'll learning about it now. I have got grandchildren in

:44:41.:44:49.

Somerset and Cornwall, West Wales and Aberfan, learning about it now.

:44:50.:44:55.

They find it very hard to know grandma was there, so a lot of

:44:56.:44:58.

questions at the moment, it is difficult. They are the age I was at

:44:59.:45:04.

the time. It has been very difficult over the years to talk about it.

:45:05.:45:09.

Reporters have been asking, we just want to stay silent and we always

:45:10.:45:15.

did. But it seems easier to talk about it on television because what

:45:16.:45:22.

I say to you now, what I have said, it cannot be misinterpreted, which

:45:23.:45:25.

the newspapers do misinterpret anything you say. And the importance

:45:26.:45:30.

of standing here today, Dennis, it has affected your career choice. You

:45:31.:45:32.

are a paramedic because of Aberfan. The biggest thing I took away from

:45:33.:45:44.

this, the positive side, it was about coming here today, I did not

:45:45.:45:49.

want the media attention, I didn't realise I was retiring on the

:45:50.:45:51.

anniversary until I was told about it, it was coincidental. It is used

:45:52.:46:00.

coming here and sharing with other people exactly what has been going

:46:01.:46:04.

on. One of the biggest things I took away from this, from an equality

:46:05.:46:08.

point of view more than anything, is that it did not matter where you

:46:09.:46:13.

came from, what language you spoke, what colour you work we were here as

:46:14.:46:17.

one as a family and we worked together, no discolouration

:46:18.:46:20.

whatsoever. That is a positive side to this. Thank you ever so much to

:46:21.:46:25.

both of you for sharing your memories.

:46:26.:46:29.

Thank you. One anonymous text says, I arrived at Aberfan at 9:45am on

:46:30.:46:39.

that they are the young policeman. I left there at 830 at night, I still

:46:40.:46:42.

have nightmares of the date will stop a woman asked us to help her

:46:43.:46:49.

little boy. One of our site and is put his arm around her and said we

:46:50.:46:53.

will do what we can and we went in. Hazel says she members crying

:46:54.:46:58.

watching the television. The presenter was crying. I will always

:46:59.:47:04.

have those children and teachers in my heart. Jim says, when I got in

:47:05.:47:09.

from school, my mother and aunt were watching the television and crying.

:47:10.:47:13.

It affected everybody in my class. We were totally aware of the

:47:14.:47:17.

enormity of the disaster and the pictures we were seeing on the news

:47:18.:47:21.

bring it all back, a tragedy that a community as lived with since that

:47:22.:47:23.

day and our thoughts are with each one.

:47:24.:47:29.

Drinking two cans of fizzy drinks a day can increase your risk

:47:30.:47:32.

According to researchers at the Karolinska Institute,

:47:33.:47:37.

sugary drinks containing artificial sweeteners can also lead

:47:38.:47:39.

to complications including, heart attacks, kidney problems,

:47:40.:47:41.

The study followed 2,874 people in Sweden and compared them

:47:42.:47:47.

Now 90% of people have type 2 diabetes.

:47:48.:47:54.

That's about 3.5 million people in the UK

:47:55.:47:56.

And this morning, there are calls from the campaign group

:47:57.:48:00.

Action on Sugar for a tax on all sugary drinks.

:48:01.:48:05.

Joining us from Sweden is Doctor Josefin Lofvenborg.

:48:06.:48:07.

She's the lead scientist who carried out the research.

:48:08.:48:10.

And with me in the studio is Professor Graham MacGregor.

:48:11.:48:13.

He's an NHS cardiovascular expert and chair of Action on Sugar.

:48:14.:48:18.

Thank you for joining us. Tell us more about this study. Obviously it

:48:19.:48:27.

is very interesting, not least because even diet drinks raise your

:48:28.:48:35.

risk. Tell us how much two drinks would elevate your risk of diabetes?

:48:36.:48:41.

What we found was that consuming more than two sweetened beverages

:48:42.:48:46.

per day would increase your risk of diabetes about to fold. Both for

:48:47.:48:56.

type 2 diabetes and also latent or immune -- autoimmune diabetes.

:48:57.:49:01.

Little is known about the risk factors for that kind of diabetes.

:49:02.:49:10.

What conclusions would you draw about the way that policymakers

:49:11.:49:14.

should deal with this? Regarding sugary drinks, it is hard to find

:49:15.:49:21.

any health benefits from them so reducing them and limiting their

:49:22.:49:26.

intake is very good idea for various reasons. When it comes to

:49:27.:49:29.

artificially sweetened beverages, it more tricky. More studies are needed

:49:30.:49:35.

before we can draw any conclusions. It is interesting to have these

:49:36.:49:39.

findings but we need to dig deeper into this and try to understand what

:49:40.:49:44.

is driving these associations. Were you surprised by what you found

:49:45.:49:48.

about artificially sweetened drinks? Yes, to some extent. There are

:49:49.:49:54.

hypotheses that could perhaps explain this but still we thought we

:49:55.:50:01.

would see some kind of difference between the sugary drinks and

:50:02.:50:03.

artificially sweetened drinks. We were a bit surprised. What is your

:50:04.:50:08.

reaction to what they have discovered? It is a very interesting

:50:09.:50:15.

study and it joins a growing body of evidence that artificially sweetened

:50:16.:50:18.

drinks are not good for you. They are related to infertility in women,

:50:19.:50:24.

they don't give you the weight loss that they should do when you switch

:50:25.:50:29.

from sugar sweetened to artificial or water, you get more weight loss

:50:30.:50:33.

with water than artificial one and they also affect the gut microbiota

:50:34.:50:39.

and that may lead to obesity and certainly in animals. How does this

:50:40.:50:51.

feed into the debate, a tax on sugary brings, diet drinks should be

:50:52.:50:56.

brought into that? I think so. There is no evidence these strings are any

:50:57.:50:59.

good for you and there was a growing body that there are bad for you. We

:51:00.:51:06.

are aware that sugar sweetened drinks they are of no benefit, empty

:51:07.:51:10.

calories and we need people to stop printing them because they cause

:51:11.:51:14.

obesity and type 2 diabetes. -- drinking them. This is suggesting

:51:15.:51:19.

that artificially sweetened drinks might do the same so we have to

:51:20.:51:24.

think carefully of the tactics of Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola, saying

:51:25.:51:27.

they are reforming into artificially sweetened drinks and you don't need

:51:28.:51:32.

to worry but they maintain the same sales. There are still people

:51:33.:51:35.

getting beat and getting type 2 diabetes and it is very worrying. --

:51:36.:51:41.

getting obese. Are there warning signs that you are on the path to

:51:42.:51:47.

type 2 diabetes? It can be reversed in the early stages but when you

:51:48.:51:50.

have the full-blown syndrome, which most people do, you have to diet and

:51:51.:51:55.

take exercise and things that most people are not prepared to do. The

:51:56.:52:00.

problem is that it is the biggest cause of blindness in the UK and in

:52:01.:52:05.

Sweden, the biggest cause of renal replacement for dialysis and

:52:06.:52:11.

transplant and the biggest cause of habitation, you can get gangrene and

:52:12.:52:17.

had a leg amputated. -- amputation. This costs the into pounds, around

:52:18.:52:23.

?10 billion and it is due to excellent two levels, some have

:52:24.:52:28.

estimated, that it will double or triple in the next ten years and it

:52:29.:52:32.

will bankrupt the health service. Theresa May is in charge of the

:52:33.:52:36.

obesity policy and she has to take this seriously and start getting

:52:37.:52:39.

interested in how she will prevent obesity. What is the policy in

:52:40.:52:46.

Sweden? Is this an issue, you have done your study, but is it an issue

:52:47.:52:55.

that is being looked at more widely? Consumption is high also hear as in

:52:56.:53:00.

many places in the world. We don't have the same debate as you have had

:53:01.:53:09.

about sugar tax. Of course it is brought up every now and then and it

:53:10.:53:12.

will be interesting to follow what will happen with the consumption in

:53:13.:53:18.

the UK after this. It is quick to talk to you both, thank you very

:53:19.:53:20.

much. -- great to talk. Government borrowing is up. By how

:53:21.:53:37.

much? The fact that it is up is not good news. It is up to ?10.6 billion

:53:38.:53:42.

but it was supposed to drop. When we're talking about borrowing, we're

:53:43.:53:48.

talking about the amount by which the government outspend id. Income,

:53:49.:53:52.

the budget deficit, and you have to borrow the difference. If we spent

:53:53.:53:55.

more than our income, we would have been find the money from somewhere

:53:56.:53:58.

else and the government find it by borrowing. If you're trying to

:53:59.:54:04.

reduce the deficit, you don't want it going up which is what it has

:54:05.:54:09.

just done. Most economists thought that in September the public sector

:54:10.:54:12.

would borrow about ?8.5 billion more than previously but it is actually

:54:13.:54:18.

10.6 billion. If you look at the year-to-date numbers it is even

:54:19.:54:21.

worse because you have six months of the financial year to date from

:54:22.:54:27.

April until now and we have already borrowed ?45.5 billion. The target

:54:28.:54:32.

for the whole year was 55 billion so they don't have much chance of

:54:33.:54:35.

hitting that. So what is going to happen? We will have some revised

:54:36.:54:41.

targets and forecasts coming out in the Autumn Statement also Philip

:54:42.:54:51.

Hammond has already said they are not having eliminating the deficit

:54:52.:54:56.

by 2020 as that primary goal. That is there enough but you start asking

:54:57.:55:01.

when. If we don't do it by 2020, when is this aspirational goal to

:55:02.:55:04.

have more money coming in than going out going to happen? It becomes very

:55:05.:55:09.

indefinite and increasingly remote. Thank you.

:55:10.:55:16.

Now in its seventh year, Radio One's Teen Hero awards

:55:17.:55:19.

celebrate the achievements of young people aged between 12 and 17

:55:20.:55:21.

who have gone above and beyond what is expected of them.

:55:22.:55:24.

This year a group of them had an experience of a lifetime

:55:25.:55:27.

Clara and I are here with our teen heroes at a secret location,

:55:28.:55:39.

and we're waiting excitedly for our special guests.

:55:40.:55:42.

Greg has gone to meet them and he's going to bring them

:55:43.:55:45.

As big names go, I think the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge

:55:46.:55:59.

When the Duke and Duchess first walked in it was like,

:56:00.:56:08.

Still kind of feel like I'm dreaming a bit.

:56:09.:56:16.

Yeah, just waiting to wake up in a bit.

:56:17.:56:19.

It's the first time I've ever met royalty.

:56:20.:56:20.

They were genuinely interested in our stories.

:56:21.:56:22.

I suppose I don't know how all of you sort of find time

:56:23.:56:25.

I think this afternoon has been the perfect way to let our teen

:56:26.:56:34.

heroes know just how valued they are.

:56:35.:56:35.

People are looking up to you and saying,

:56:36.:56:37.

"You guys are shining lights for your age group."

:56:38.:56:40.

We also have some badges that we'd like to distribute

:56:41.:56:44.

So I have my glamorous assistant here.

:56:45.:56:50.

This is our teen hero badge that we were just given

:56:51.:56:53.

Only ten people have these in the world.

:56:54.:56:57.

Thank you to Radio 1 as well for the Teen Awards, it's fantastic

:56:58.:57:07.

You're the most modest people I've ever met.

:57:08.:57:11.

You should be very, very proud of all the hard work

:57:12.:57:14.

Today has been a day that none of us will forget in a hurry.

:57:15.:57:20.

You get to shout about some incredible young people who do

:57:21.:57:23.

wonderful things for others and also have a day at the Palace.

:57:24.:57:26.

It's a royal seal of approval, and it doesn't really get

:57:27.:57:28.

any better than that, I don't think.

:57:29.:57:33.

A couple of comments on the conservation we were having about

:57:34.:57:47.

the impact of fizzy drinks on diabetes risk. Martin, a busy drinks

:57:48.:57:53.

packs of 10p should be increased to at least ?1, that the only way to

:57:54.:57:59.

stop people -- fizzy drinks. James says I have always believed that

:58:00.:58:02.

busy drinks that don't contain sugar were safe and I'm worried now. And a

:58:03.:58:06.

couple of comments on sexual harassment in universities, Ian, Lad

:58:07.:58:11.

culture is the same as Trump locker room culture, it is giving the

:58:12.:58:15.

majority of lad and undeserved bad reputation. Thank you for your

:58:16.:58:17.

comments.

:58:18.:58:19.

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