Y Byd ar Bedwar: Cysgod Chernobyl

Line	From	To
-Subtitles	0:00:00	0:00:00
-Subtitles - -Subtitles	0:00:00	0:00:02
-Tonight, I'm on my way back -to Chernobyl...	0:00:05	0:00:08
-..to see what effect -the worst-ever nuclear accident...	0:00:08	0:00:11
-..has had on the people -and their communities.	0:00:12	0:00:15
-Hello, Tatyana.	0:00:18	0:00:20
-Eifion Glyn.	0:00:20	0:00:22
-Do you remember me?	0:00:22	0:00:23
-Yes. Yes.	0:00:24	0:00:25
-I venture back to the empty city...	0:00:27	0:00:29
-..in the exclusion zone -near the nuclear plant.	0:00:29	0:00:32
-This place's inhabitants -weren't moved from here...	0:00:35	0:00:38
-..until the Sunday...	0:00:38	0:00:40
-..36 hours -after the accident happened.	0:00:40	0:00:43
-I meet up again -with those who were children...	0:00:45	0:00:48
-..when they had to escape -the radiation.	0:00:48	0:00:51
-Good day. Dobry den.	0:00:51	0:00:53
-Dobry den.	0:00:54	0:00:55
-I try to discover the truth...	0:00:57	0:00:58
-..about the number of deaths -that were a result of the disaster.	0:00:59	0:01:03
-Deaths here again.	0:01:05	0:01:06
-It's...	0:01:06	0:01:08
-This one - date of birth '87, -died '95.	0:01:08	0:01:12
-That's very young, isn't it?	0:01:12	0:01:15
-It says in the note -that the cause of death...	0:01:18	0:01:22
-..was related to the explosion -at the Chernobyl nuclear plant.	0:01:22	0:01:27
-Thirty years on...	0:01:28	0:01:30
-..this is the story of the people -who live in the shadow of Chernobyl.	0:01:30	0:01:35
-Kiev, Ukraine's beautiful capital.	0:01:50	0:01:53
-For almost 80 years, Ukraine was -under the strict rule of the USSR.	0:01:53	0:01:58
-Some claim that Russia -still tries to exert control...	0:01:58	0:02:02
-..triggering a war -in the Crimea and eastern Ukraine.	0:02:03	0:02:07
-I've been here three times before...	0:02:07	0:02:09
-..the first in 1990, when the -Soviet Union was about to crumble.	0:02:09	0:02:15
-Back then, there was excitement...	0:02:20	0:02:22
-..about the first free elections -in generations.	0:02:22	0:02:26
-Thousands upon thousands flocked -to political rallies in the capital.	0:02:26	0:02:32
-I was among them, -reporting on the historic changes...	0:02:32	0:02:36
-..for Y Byd ar Bedwar.	0:02:37	0:02:39
-This is the Zhovtnevy palats, -the October Palace, in Kiev.	0:02:41	0:02:44
-It was the headquarters -of Stalin's secret police...	0:02:45	0:02:48
-..which killed -thousands of innocent Ukrainians.	0:02:48	0:02:51
-This was the first time -I'd been abroad with the programme.	0:02:54	0:02:57
-I was scared, inexperienced -and unsure.	0:02:58	0:03:01
-On the first day, we walked down -the street with the camera crew.	0:03:04	0:03:08
-I asked the locals -about the election.	0:03:08	0:03:11
-They said, -"We're not interested in politics.	0:03:11	0:03:14
-"Take our children -back with you to the West.	0:03:14	0:03:18
-"They've been poisoned -by Chernobyl."	0:03:18	0:03:20
-That evening, -after going back to the hotel...	0:03:20	0:03:23
-..I phoned the boss, the editor.	0:03:23	0:03:25
-I told him -we were doing the wrong story.	0:03:25	0:03:27
-He told me -to do the political one first...	0:03:28	0:03:30
-..and I could return to Chernobyl, -which I did a few weeks later.	0:03:30	0:03:34
-In the early hours -of 26 April 1986...	0:03:37	0:03:41
-..reactor number 4 at the Chernobyl -power station exploded.	0:03:42	0:03:46
-Extremely high levels of radiation -were released into the air.	0:03:46	0:03:50
-With the whole world watching...	0:03:52	0:03:54
-..the Soviet authorities rushed -to prevent an even greater disaster.	0:03:54	0:03:59
-Thousands of workers, -or liquidators as they're known...	0:03:59	0:04:03
-..risked their lives -to put out the fire...	0:04:03	0:04:06
-..and stop the radioactive material -from melting into the earth.	0:04:06	0:04:10
-A concrete shell was also built -to encase the reactor.	0:04:13	0:04:17
-I got in touch with the -Chernobyl Children organization...	0:04:23	0:04:26
-..when I was there in 1990.	0:04:26	0:04:28
-That's how I met the man who was -a good contact for me for decades.	0:04:29	0:04:34
-The head of the organization -is Anatoli Artemenko...	0:04:35	0:04:38
-..a 30-year-old -computer science teacher from Kiev.	0:04:38	0:04:42
-He comes from the Chernobyl area.	0:04:43	0:04:46
-He returns there occasionally to -take flowers to his mother's grave.	0:04:46	0:04:50
-He was one of the thousands -forced to move from the area.	0:04:54	0:04:58
-But once a year, they were allowed -to go through the checkpoints...	0:04:58	0:05:02
-..to visit the cemeteries -and their old stomping grounds.	0:05:02	0:05:06
-Anatoli helped me -as a young reporter...	0:05:08	0:05:10
-..filming in a foreign country.	0:05:11	0:05:13
-We asked him to help us with -the arrangements again this year.	0:05:13	0:05:18
-After arriving, we had naturally -arranged to meet our man in Kiev.	0:05:19	0:05:24
-But for some reason, -he wasn't too keen to meet me.	0:05:24	0:05:28
-Oh. Right.	0:05:31	0:05:32
-Hello, Anatoli.	0:05:33	0:05:35
-Yeah, that's better.	0:05:38	0:05:40
-Not today.	0:05:46	0:05:47
-He's changed the arrangements.	0:05:49	0:05:51
-I don't know why.	0:05:51	0:05:52
-He just said tomorrow night -at 7.00pm.	0:05:53	0:05:56
-He's coming to the hotel -rather than me going to his home.	0:05:56	0:06:01
-That's fine. I'm looking forward.	0:06:01	0:06:05
-I was also eager to meet one of -the mothers I'd filmed at the time.	0:06:09	0:06:14
-She and her family -were among the people...	0:06:15	0:06:17
-..who'd had -the highest dose of radiation...	0:06:18	0:06:20
-..as they lived near the plant.	0:06:20	0:06:23
-Like thousands of others, -she was forced to move to Kiev.	0:06:23	0:06:27
-Back then, Tatyana Lukina -was a young mother...	0:06:28	0:06:32
-..worried about the effects -of the accident.	0:06:33	0:06:35
-Parents know that their children -have a high dose of radiation.	0:06:38	0:06:45
-But what can we do? Where can we go?	0:06:46	0:06:53
-We've come to some flats in Kiev -to look for Tatyana Lukina.	0:06:57	0:07:01
-I interviewed her in 1990.	0:07:02	0:07:05
-She was part of a movement - -the mothers of Chernobyl.	0:07:05	0:07:08
-We understand that she has cancer, -so we hope to see her now.	0:07:09	0:07:13
-She was a woman -with fire in her belly...	0:07:14	0:07:17
-..who insisted on getting answers.	0:07:17	0:07:20
-Hello, Tatyana.	0:07:25	0:07:26
-Eifion Glyn.	0:07:27	0:07:28
-Do you remember me?	0:07:28	0:07:30
-Yes. Yes.	0:07:30	0:07:31
-Nice seeing you again.	0:07:32	0:07:33
-Thank you.	0:07:35	0:07:36
-Before the explosion, Tatyana -lived in the city of Pripyat...	0:07:37	0:07:41
-..where the workers -of the Chernobyl plant lived...	0:07:41	0:07:44
-..with her husband and -two daughters, Natasha and Alyona.	0:07:45	0:07:48
-When I met her, she was concerned -about the long-term effects...	0:07:48	0:07:52
-..on her children's health.	0:07:53	0:07:54
-In Kiev, there are 23,000 refugees -from Pripyat and Chernobyl.	0:07:58	0:08:02
-I'm asking anyone -who can do anything...	0:08:02	0:08:08
-..please help our children.	0:08:08	0:08:13
-Her husband -used to work at the plant.	0:08:13	0:08:16
-She worked in a factory...	0:08:16	0:08:18
-..making parts for -the space industry and submarines.	0:08:18	0:08:21
-She also taught children how to swim -at one of Pripyat's swimming pools.	0:08:21	0:08:26
-Both of her children.	0:08:27	0:08:28
-Did you teach them to swim?	0:08:28	0:08:30
-SHE SPEAKS UKRAINIAN	0:08:31	0:08:33
-Yes, she did.	0:08:33	0:08:34
-In this pool.	0:08:34	0:08:35
-In Pripyat?	0:08:36	0:08:37
-Tatyana says -that her life was good in Pripyat.	0:08:38	0:08:41
-She and her husband had good jobs -and there was plenty to do.	0:08:41	0:08:46
-She shows me -pictures of her family...	0:08:46	0:08:49
-..taken less than two weeks -before the accident.	0:08:49	0:08:52
-This photograph -was made in 15 of April.	0:08:53	0:08:57
-It was the birthday of Natasha.	0:08:58	0:09:00
-They went to a park where this -big wheel is in the park in Pripyat.	0:09:01	0:09:07
-But after the explosion, she was -fearful and ignorant for 36 hours...	0:09:09	0:09:13
-..before the authorities decided to -move the entire populace from there.	0:09:13	0:09:18
-Tatyana says the world doesn't know -the true effects of the accident...	0:09:21	0:09:25
-..and that thousands have died -over the last 30 years.	0:09:25	0:09:30
-49,500 people -were evacuated from Pripyat.	0:09:32	0:09:41
-17,000 of them were children.	0:09:42	0:09:50
-Half of those children -died before the age of 30.	0:09:51	0:09:57
-She says no official information -has been collected in years.	0:09:57	0:10:01
-She and a group -called Pripyat plus ten...	0:10:02	0:10:04
-..have kept detailed records -on those who lived in the city.	0:10:05	0:10:09
-There is another serious problem.	0:10:11	0:10:15
-We had a high rate of suicides -among the liquidators.	0:10:16	0:10:20
-Everybody is keeping quiet.	0:10:22	0:10:23
-The same is true about young lads.	0:10:24	0:10:28
-They don't commit suicide...	0:10:29	0:10:30
-..but they withdraw from normal life -to take drugs and to drink.	0:10:31	0:10:34
-Where is her husband?	0:10:36	0:10:38
-Where is her husband? - -Here he is.	0:10:38	0:10:39
-And he was the team leader there?	0:10:40	0:10:42
-After the accident, -her husband became a liquidator...	0:10:42	0:10:45
-..cleaning the radiation -in Chernobyl.	0:10:45	0:10:48
-He did the job for nine years, -which has left him mentally fragile.	0:10:48	0:10:53
-Their eldest daughter, Natasha, -has suffered from thyroid cancer.	0:10:53	0:10:58
-Her first husband died -within five years of the accident.	0:10:58	0:11:02
-Was this a party?	0:11:02	0:11:03
-A new year's party.	0:11:03	0:11:04
-A new year's party. - -New year's party. Yes.	0:11:04	0:11:06
-In Pripyat?	0:11:06	0:11:07
-In Pripyat? - -Yes.	0:11:07	0:11:08
-On the picture, -you can see only Natasha.	0:11:09	0:11:11
-And all the other persons -are the friends of the family.	0:11:12	0:11:17
-They came to celebrate.	0:11:17	0:11:19
-No-one is alive -except Natasha and Tatyana.	0:11:19	0:11:22
-All the people you see -except Natasha on the picture...	0:11:23	0:11:27
-..they are no more.	0:11:27	0:11:29
-Her daughter Alyona's relationship -with her fiance ended...	0:11:31	0:11:35
-..because he suspected...	0:11:35	0:11:37
-..the effects of the radiation -had made her infertile.	0:11:37	0:11:41
-Tatyana herself has had cancer -and has undergone major surgery.	0:11:42	0:11:48
-I have had four operations.	0:11:51	0:11:53
-I am not ashamed -to show my ugly scars.	0:11:54	0:11:58
-This is our medical services. -This is how we are scarred.	0:11:59	0:12:03
-But before we left, Tatyana had an -incredible secret to share with me.	0:12:04	0:12:09
-After I filmed with her in 1990...	0:12:10	0:12:12
-..she says the Soviet secret police, -the KGB, came to interview her.	0:12:12	0:12:17
-Under Soviet rule...	0:12:17	0:12:18
-..no-one was allowed -to talk to foreign journalists.	0:12:19	0:12:22
-She says they threatened -to put her in a mental hospital.	0:12:22	0:12:26
-For 17 years after that, she had to -go to the KGB's office every month.	0:12:26	0:12:31
-It was very serious. I had to give -up my work with Chernobyl Children.	0:12:32	0:12:39
-It was awful.	0:12:40	0:12:42
-These were the days of the USSR -and I knew I could disappear.	0:12:42	0:12:50
-The KGB could have taken me away...	0:12:50	0:12:52
-..and I would never have returned -a normal person.	0:12:52	0:12:55
-It was quite a shock -to see her again.	0:12:59	0:13:02
-It was an emotional interview.	0:13:02	0:13:05
-I hadn't realized that she -and her family had suffered so much.	0:13:06	0:13:09
-It was a totalitarian society...	0:13:12	0:13:15
-..a society where the authorities -were very, very secretive.	0:13:15	0:13:20
-Pravda was the name...	0:13:21	0:13:23
-..of the Communist Party's -official newspaper.	0:13:23	0:13:27
-It's ironic because -the meaning of pravda is truth.	0:13:28	0:13:31
-But according -to what Tatyana told us...	0:13:31	0:13:34
-..they told everything -but the truth.	0:13:34	0:13:37
-She said they did everything -to hide the truth.	0:13:37	0:13:40
-.	0:13:51	0:13:51
-Subtitles	0:13:53	0:13:53
-Subtitles - -Subtitles	0:13:53	0:13:55
-In April 1986, a reactor exploded -at the Chernobyl nuclear plant.	0:13:58	0:14:03
-As a result, a radioactive cloud -blew across the continent of Europe.	0:14:03	0:14:08
-This led to restrictions on sheep -movement in many parts of Wales.	0:14:09	0:14:14
-That's why I came here twice during -the 1990s with Y Byd Ar Bedwar.	0:14:15	0:14:20
-This is the biggest nuclear dump -in the world.	0:14:22	0:14:25
-These are the lorries -and helicopters that were used...	0:14:25	0:14:29
-..to deal with the Chernobyl blast, -the worst-ever nuclear disaster.	0:14:29	0:14:34
-Thirty years after the accident...	0:14:34	0:14:36
-..I'm back to see -what it's like there today.	0:14:36	0:14:40
-We're going to Chernobyl.	0:14:40	0:14:42
-I'm carrying a dosimeter...	0:14:42	0:14:45
-..to measure the dose -of radiation I'm getting.	0:14:45	0:14:49
-In my left hand, -I'm carrying a Geiger counter.	0:14:49	0:14:53
-This allows me to monitor -radioactivity in the environment.	0:14:53	0:14:57
-Thirty kilometres -from the reactor...	0:15:01	0:15:03
-..we must pass through a checkpoint -to enter the exclusion zone.	0:15:03	0:15:08
-There, radiation levels are higher -and the land is contaminated.	0:15:08	0:15:12
-The authorities monitor -who comes and goes...	0:15:13	0:15:17
-..and from this point on, -we will be escorted.	0:15:17	0:15:20
-We're passing -village after village.	0:15:23	0:15:25
-When the authorities -moved the residents...	0:15:26	0:15:29
-..they told them -it would only be for three days.	0:15:29	0:15:32
-Of course, they never came back.	0:15:32	0:15:35
-It's now said -that no-one will live here...	0:15:35	0:15:39
-..for at least 20,000 years.	0:15:39	0:15:41
-In the 1990s, -I came here with a young man...	0:15:43	0:15:46
-..who wanted to draw attention -to the effect the accident had...	0:15:46	0:15:50
-..on those who were forced -from their homes.	0:15:50	0:15:53
-At the time, -it was illegal to live in this area.	0:15:55	0:15:58
-But Anatoli Artemenko's -grandmother...	0:15:59	0:16:02
-..was one of those -who insisted on returning.	0:16:02	0:16:05
-She returned to her home -after spending time in Kiev.	0:16:05	0:16:09
-She lives on radioactive land -and drinks contaminated water.	0:16:09	0:16:13
-Maria Artemenko was 84 years old -when I filmed her.	0:16:14	0:16:18
-From time to time, -Anatoli brought her goods from Kiev.	0:16:19	0:16:23
-Do you want to live -in a different village?	0:16:24	0:16:27
-Why would I want to live -in another village?	0:16:28	0:16:30
-I want to live in Liubianka.	0:16:30	0:16:32
-I want to die -in the same place as I was born.	0:16:32	0:16:37
-After the accident, 120,000 people -were moved from the area.	0:16:42	0:16:46
-But homesickness lured some back.	0:16:46	0:16:49
-Initially, -in the late 1980s and early 1990s...	0:16:50	0:16:54
-..as many as 1,200 lived here.	0:16:54	0:16:57
-By now, numbers have declined.	0:16:57	0:17:03
-Apparently, only some 180 remain.	0:17:04	0:17:07
-Most of them are elderly, -in their seventies and eighties...	0:17:09	0:17:14
-..and the population -is decreasing steadily.	0:17:14	0:17:19
-This is the village of Kupovatoe.	0:17:22	0:17:25
-We are told -that some 20 people live here.	0:17:30	0:17:33
-How are you?	0:17:33	0:17:35
-That's his wife.	0:17:39	0:17:41
-That's his wife. - -Hello.	0:17:41	0:17:42
-Victor Chausov and his wife...	0:17:47	0:17:49
-..moved back -a few weeks after the accident.	0:17:50	0:17:53
-He helped build the sarcophagus -around the reactor.	0:17:54	0:17:57
-He's happier in the village...	0:17:58	0:17:59
-..than in a concrete tower block -in Kiev.	0:18:00	0:18:03
-Isn't he afraid of dying -because of the radiation here?	0:18:03	0:18:08
-Not here.	0:18:11	0:18:12
-He says there's none of it here.	0:18:12	0:18:14
-He says...	0:18:20	0:18:21
-He says these numbers, -it's not radiation, it's a joke.	0:18:22	0:18:27
-Kiev also has radiation level, -but people are living there.	0:18:32	0:18:36
-These numbers you are afraid of, -he says that's easy to take.	0:18:36	0:18:41
-Strong man.	0:18:42	0:18:43
-The city of Chernobyl is now home -to the exclusion zone controllers.	0:18:48	0:18:54
-Hundreds stay there, -but only for 15 days at a time.	0:18:54	0:18:58
-Staying any longer would be harmful.	0:18:59	0:19:01
-On the outskirts of the city...	0:19:03	0:19:05
-..I meet someone else -who has moved back.	0:19:05	0:19:08
-Can I come in?	0:19:15	0:19:17
-Kovalenko Valentina is 77 years old.	0:19:19	0:19:24
-She built this house -on land given to her by her father.	0:19:24	0:19:28
-Now, she lives here with her son.	0:19:28	0:19:30
-Sasha.	0:19:32	0:19:33
-Sasha.	0:19:34	0:19:35
-Your son. Sasha.	0:19:37	0:19:39
-She remembers as if it was yesterday -the day she had to leave her home.	0:19:41	0:19:45
-5 May 1986.	0:19:46	0:19:48
-An announcement on the radio -told them they had to leave.	0:19:48	0:19:52
-The police were there, -and we had to go.	0:19:53	0:19:58
-My mother and father were with me -on the same bus.	0:19:58	0:20:10
-Of course, we did not have -any money or food. We had nothing.	0:20:12	0:20:22
-The family went to stay -with relatives in Kiev.	0:20:25	0:20:28
-But after a month, -they weren't happy.	0:20:28	0:20:30
-When they asked -if they could return to Chernobyl...	0:20:31	0:20:35
-..the authorities refused.	0:20:35	0:20:37
-But despite the dangers, -they decided to walk home.	0:20:37	0:20:41
-Everybody was saying, "Radiation! -Radiation!" What radiation?	0:20:42	0:20:49
-We didn't understand. -There was a cloud and some smoke.	0:20:49	0:20:55
-We didn't understand -and we didn't care.	0:20:56	0:21:06
-The only people she sees...	0:21:07	0:21:10
-..are friends who call from time -to time, and her son, Sasha.	0:21:10	0:21:14
-He used to be married -and lived in Kiev.	0:21:15	0:21:17
-But when he divorced, he moved -to his mother's in Chernobyl.	0:21:17	0:21:21
-He came here, -and said he would work with me.	0:21:22	0:21:28
-So, I helped him to find work.	0:21:28	0:21:33
-Five years ago, -she lost her husband to cancer.	0:21:34	0:21:37
-He was 75 years old.	0:21:37	0:21:39
-Her daughter has also suffered -from thyroid cancer.	0:21:40	0:21:43
-Even so, she prefers -living in Chernobyl to Kiev...	0:21:45	0:21:50
-..despite the fact that life -gets more difficult every day.	0:21:50	0:21:54
-Life has become worse. -It's hard to get everyday items.	0:21:55	0:21:59
-They can't even provide tablets.	0:21:59	0:22:04
-We have to go to Ivankivo -or Kiev to buy tablets.	0:22:04	0:22:09
-When we complain to Kiev about it...	0:22:11	0:22:13
-..they tell us to move from the area -if we are not happy.	0:22:14	0:22:20
-As we get closer -to the Chernobyl nuclear plant...	0:22:25	0:22:28
-..the radiation levels increase.	0:22:29	0:22:31
-This is -the internal exclusion zone...	0:22:36	0:22:40
-..some six miles -from the plant itself.	0:22:40	0:22:44
-So there's another checkpoint here.	0:22:45	0:22:47
-Passport?	0:22:48	0:22:49
-Passport? - -Yes.	0:22:49	0:22:50
-It seems to me -that they are much more careful...	0:22:57	0:23:01
-..than the last time I was here.	0:23:01	0:23:03
-On average, the natural annual dose -is about two millisieverts.	0:23:06	0:23:11
-But you can get that and more -within a few minutes here.	0:23:12	0:23:17
-It was over five millisieverts...	0:23:18	0:23:22
-..by quite a bit, in fact...	0:23:22	0:23:25
-..simply because we were driving -past the so-called Red Forest.	0:23:25	0:23:31
-We're now passing -reactor number 4 itself.	0:23:31	0:23:35
-On the night of the explosion...	0:23:36	0:23:38
-..the radiation spread westwards -and north-westwards.	0:23:39	0:23:43
-The Red Forest -was directly in its path...	0:23:43	0:23:46
-..and got the highest dose.	0:23:47	0:23:49
-Thirty years after the accident, -levels still seem to be fairly high.	0:23:50	0:23:55
-This is the main road to Pripyat.	0:23:57	0:23:59
-Residents -got a high dose of radiation...	0:24:00	0:24:03
-..as the wind -carried dust from the nuclear plant.	0:24:03	0:24:07
-Most of Chernobyl's workers -lived in Pripyat...	0:24:09	0:24:13
-..a mile or so from the plant.	0:24:13	0:24:15
-On the Sunday after the explosion...	0:24:15	0:24:18
-..over a thousand buses came -to ferry most of the residents away.	0:24:18	0:24:23
-I remember doing a piece to camera -on this very spot...	0:24:25	0:24:29
-..detailing how they had moved -the city's population from here.	0:24:29	0:24:33
-A thousand buses arriving, -and so on.	0:24:33	0:24:36
-At that time, -you could see the city's buildings.	0:24:36	0:24:39
-It's a very different picture today, -and nature has taken over.	0:24:39	0:24:43
-The city was built in 1970.	0:24:50	0:24:53
-This was the ninth nuclear city -to be built by the Soviet Union.	0:24:54	0:24:58
-At the time, nuclear energy was seen -as a Soviet success story...	0:25:01	0:25:05
-..and much safer than other methods -of energy production.	0:25:05	0:25:09
-The city's population -was about 49,000.	0:25:10	0:25:14
-Most people lived -in 160 blocks of flats.	0:25:14	0:25:18
-Nuclear industry workers -were paid best.	0:25:20	0:25:23
-They were treated like kings...	0:25:23	0:25:26
-..and at that time, everyone -wanted to work in a nuclear reactor.	0:25:26	0:25:32
-The quality of life -was exceptional...	0:25:33	0:25:36
-..and that's why Pripyat -was such a splendid modern city.	0:25:36	0:25:41
-The city is now as quiet as a grave.	0:25:44	0:25:47
-The buildings are falling into ruin -and nature is taking over the city.	0:25:48	0:25:53
-The big wheel -had only just been erected.	0:25:54	0:25:57
-It only turned for one day, -the day after the accident.	0:25:57	0:26:01
-It was an exceptionally fine day.	0:26:02	0:26:05
-Children went with their parents on -the motorbanks to the big wheel...	0:26:05	0:26:10
-..unaware that a huge accident -had taken place in the small hours.	0:26:12	0:26:17
-Residents weren't moved from here -until the Sunday...	0:26:18	0:26:24
-..a full 36 hours -after the explosion had taken place.	0:26:24	0:26:28
-A great shame.	0:26:29	0:26:31
-Five primary schools -and five secondary schools...	0:26:38	0:26:43
-..provided education -for 17,000 children.	0:26:43	0:26:46
-A school, probably a nursery school -of some sort.	0:26:47	0:26:52
-This isn't where I came in 1990.	0:26:53	0:26:57
-In the school I visited...	0:26:58	0:27:00
-..the desks were still there, -with books on them.	0:27:00	0:27:04
-You could see the children's work, -and how everything had been left.	0:27:04	0:27:09
-The average age -of Pripyat's residents was 26.	0:27:13	0:27:18
-It was a young and modern city...	0:27:18	0:27:20
-..with two sports stadiums, -ten gyms and three swimming pools.	0:27:21	0:27:26
-It was at this pool that Tatyana -Lukina once taught children to swim.	0:27:26	0:27:32
-Wow!	0:27:36	0:27:37
-We've just walked up 16 floors.	0:27:43	0:27:48
-Wow!	0:27:49	0:27:50
-From here, you can grasp -the true scale of things.	0:27:51	0:27:55
-The city...	0:27:57	0:27:58
-..and over there, -Chernobyl itself.	0:27:59	0:28:03
-Reactor number 4, -the one that exploded.	0:28:04	0:28:07
-From here, you can see -how close the city is to it.	0:28:07	0:28:11
-Also from here, you get a sense...	0:28:19	0:28:23
-..of the size -of the exclusion zone.	0:28:23	0:28:26
-It's a thousand square miles...	0:28:26	0:28:30
-..an area about the size of Gwynedd.	0:28:30	0:28:33
-.	0:28:45	0:28:45
-Subtitles	0:28:47	0:28:47
-Subtitles - -Subtitles	0:28:47	0:28:49
-I've been to Chernobyl twice.	0:28:55	0:28:57
-The last time was in 1995...	0:28:57	0:28:59
-..to report on the security of the -nuclear plant and the sarcophagus...	0:28:59	0:29:04
-..the concrete layer -that surrounds reactor number 4.	0:29:04	0:29:08
-This is the first time I've been -back in around twenty years.	0:29:09	0:29:12
-My first impression -is this huge iron structure...	0:29:13	0:29:19
-..being built to cover -the old sarcophagus...	0:29:19	0:29:25
-..which was built -over reactor number 4...	0:29:25	0:29:28
-..where the explosion happened.	0:29:28	0:29:30
-It's gargantuan.	0:29:31	0:29:32
-I can't really comprehend -the sheer scale of it.	0:29:33	0:29:37
-In the days, weeks and years -following the accident...	0:29:39	0:29:42
-..some 600,000 workers - liquidators -from all over the Soviet Union...	0:29:43	0:29:47
-..attempted to clean up -the radioactive pollution.	0:29:47	0:29:50
-It was dangerous work -and 30 of the workers...	0:29:51	0:29:55
-..died in the three months -following the accident.	0:29:55	0:29:58
-Even today, the liquidators...	0:30:03	0:30:05
-..are seen as heroes who stopped -the fallout being much worse.	0:30:05	0:30:09
-Since 2007, a French consortium -has been building...	0:30:12	0:30:16
-..a more secure barrier -above the old sarcophagus.	0:30:16	0:30:20
-I've been invited to see the site.	0:30:21	0:30:24
-There are 3,000 people -working on the building project.	0:30:27	0:30:31
-People from 23 countries work here.	0:30:31	0:30:34
-Amongst all of them, -there's one Welshman.	0:30:34	0:30:37
-How tall is it?	0:30:37	0:30:39
-It is just under 110m tall. -It's 200m wide.	0:30:39	0:30:47
-John Morgan is originally -from Letterston in Pembrokeshire.	0:30:48	0:30:51
-He's one of the -managers responsible...	0:30:51	0:30:54
-..for creating one of the -world's largest moving structures.	0:30:54	0:30:58
-It's an enormous challenge...	0:30:58	0:31:01
-..when you consider -the environmental conditions...	0:31:01	0:31:04
-..and when you think -that the arch has to be here...	0:31:04	0:31:08
-..for 100 years - -it's a design life of 100 years.	0:31:08	0:31:14
-Millions of man hours -have gone in to engineering.	0:31:14	0:31:18
-The project will be finished -within about eighteen months...	0:31:19	0:31:23
-..at a cost of 1.2 billion.	0:31:23	0:31:25
-There's another Welsh connection -here.	0:31:26	0:31:28
-All the bolts that hold this -building together come from Wales.	0:31:29	0:31:33
-In this particular project there's -in the region of 650,000 bolts.	0:31:33	0:31:37
-These are actually produced -by a company...	0:31:37	0:31:40
-..called Tension Control Bolts -in Wrexham.	0:31:41	0:31:43
-All the way from North Wales -to the Ukraine.	0:31:43	0:31:46
-John Morgan started working -on the project last year.	0:31:48	0:31:52
-The next step will be to slip the -structure over reactor number 4...	0:31:52	0:31:56
-..which will allow -the authorities...	0:31:57	0:31:59
-..to start dealing -with the radioactivity in there.	0:31:59	0:32:03
-It's a phenomenal structure.	0:32:04	0:32:06
-It's a phenomenal project -and it's a unique project.	0:32:06	0:32:10
-It's the only one of its kind -in the world...	0:32:10	0:32:13
-..and hopefully we will never -see another project like this again.	0:32:13	0:32:17
-In the 30 kilometres -surrounding the reactor...	0:32:22	0:32:25
-..there were two cities -and 187 villages.	0:32:26	0:32:30
-Zalisia is one of those -empty villages.	0:32:33	0:32:37
-Zalisia means behind the forest.	0:32:42	0:32:45
-By now, the whole village -is in the forest.	0:32:45	0:32:51
-Since man disappeared, nature has -reclaimed the majority of the area.	0:32:53	0:32:59
-Numbers of wolves and brown bears -have increased significantly...	0:32:59	0:33:04
-..despite the high levels -of radioactivity.	0:33:04	0:33:07
-With a population of 3,000...	0:33:08	0:33:10
-..Zalisia was one of -the largest villages in the area.	0:33:10	0:33:14
-This was the village hall.	0:33:15	0:33:18
-Dances and other events -were held here.	0:33:18	0:33:21
-People enjoyed a jolly life here.	0:33:21	0:33:25
-Look at it now.	0:33:26	0:33:27
-At the edge of the village -lies Zalisia school.	0:33:31	0:33:34
-In 1986, you could see it -from the road, but not any more.	0:33:34	0:33:40
-It's a strange feeling, isn't it? -It's a very strange feeling.	0:33:41	0:33:45
-Thousands of people and children...	0:33:52	0:33:54
-..were shipped out -of the affected area on buses...	0:33:54	0:33:57
-..and were spread -all across Ukraine.	0:33:57	0:34:00
-Many went to Kiev and other -communities that already existed.	0:34:00	0:34:04
-Some communities got a new village -including Zalisia.	0:34:04	0:34:08
-We're in Nova Zalisia - New Zalisia.	0:34:10	0:34:13
-This is where the residents -of Zalisia came after the accident.	0:34:13	0:34:19
-In 1990, I came here to film -the children at the school.	0:34:22	0:34:26
-I hope that some of them -might be here today to meet me.	0:34:27	0:34:31
-The new village is around 50 miles -south of the old Zalisia.	0:34:33	0:34:37
-This is where I met Maria Dmytrenka -and her former pupils.	0:34:37	0:34:41
-Good day. Dobry den.	0:34:46	0:34:47
-Do you remember this?	0:34:51	0:34:53
-In 1990, I was looking into -the effects on children's health.	0:34:56	0:35:02
-They are now over 30 years old...	0:35:09	0:35:12
-..and many feel -Chernobyl was a huge trauma.	0:35:12	0:35:16
-Evacuation, radiation, all of it -obviously has its own effect on us.	0:35:18	0:35:22
-Yes, we get ill.	0:35:22	0:35:24
-When our parents lived in Zalisia...	0:35:24	0:35:26
-..they never knew anything -of cancer or oncological diseases.	0:35:26	0:35:30
-This is unfortunately -quite common now.	0:35:31	0:35:34
-They were small children in 1986 and -have little memory of the village.	0:35:37	0:35:42
-Many say -that the psychological effects...	0:35:43	0:35:46
-..will be with them -and their parents for years.	0:35:46	0:35:50
-Interestingly, the teacher and -12 of the former pupils we met...	0:35:52	0:35:58
-..said that it had affected them...	0:35:58	0:36:02
-..but that nobody -from their class has died.	0:36:02	0:36:06
-Some of them have been ill...	0:36:07	0:36:09
-..but they're glad -their children are healthy.	0:36:09	0:36:13
-The journey to Ukraine in 1990...	0:36:18	0:36:20
-..was my first trip abroad -working for Y Byd Ar Bedwar.	0:36:20	0:36:24
-I met Anatoli Artemenko.	0:36:24	0:36:26
-He was a big help in organizing -the trip and translating.	0:36:27	0:36:30
-Hello, Anatoli, how are you?	0:36:32	0:36:35
-We were roughly the same age -and became good friends.	0:36:35	0:36:39
-Since we arrived this time, -I've been trying to meet him.	0:36:40	0:36:44
-You are drinking.	0:36:47	0:36:48
-Oh, right. You're drinking -because of Chernobyl.	0:36:51	0:36:54
-Once again, he's not available -to meet me.	0:36:55	0:36:58
-OK, Anatoli, lovely talking to you. -See you tomorrow night then.	0:36:59	0:37:03
-OK, goodbye.	0:37:04	0:37:06
-He's clearly under pressure. -He was drunk.	0:37:14	0:37:18
-He said he'd been drinking heavily -since we got in touch...	0:37:20	0:37:26
-..because it brought -all the memories back.	0:37:26	0:37:30
-He said that this psychological -problem was a huge one.	0:37:33	0:37:38
-.	0:37:47	0:37:47
-Subtitles	0:37:48	0:37:48
-Subtitles - -Subtitles	0:37:48	0:37:50
-In 1990, I was in Kiev -in the old Soviet Union...	0:37:54	0:37:58
-..reporting for Y Byd Ar Bedwar...	0:37:58	0:38:01
-..on the fallout from the -worst nuclear disaster in history.	0:38:01	0:38:05
-The cancer rate in children -was rising.	0:38:05	0:38:07
-I was invited by a former clean-up -worker to film with his family...	0:38:08	0:38:12
-..after his son's death.	0:38:13	0:38:15
-The Sunday before Easter...	0:38:16	0:38:18
-..Vasily Prisitch's ten-year-old son -died from bone cancer.	0:38:18	0:38:22
-On Easter Monday, -he took flowers to his son's grave.	0:38:22	0:38:25
-The boy's parents were certain -that there was a link...	0:38:28	0:38:31
-..between the Chernobyl accident -and the boy's death.	0:38:32	0:38:35
-They didn't tell us the truth.	0:38:40	0:38:45
-They told us there wouldn't be -any side effects.	0:38:45	0:38:49
-We've suffered a disaster.	0:38:50	0:38:53
-But it's a disaster -for the whole of the Soviet Union.	0:38:54	0:38:58
-We can't keep quiet any more. -It's time for us to shout.	0:38:58	0:39:04
-Today, it's our disaster. Tomorrow, -it will be someone else's turn.	0:39:04	0:39:10
-The true effect of the accident -is a contentious issue.	0:39:28	0:39:31
-According to a -United Nations report...	0:39:32	0:39:34
-..up to 4,000 people are expected to -die because of Chernobyl.	0:39:34	0:39:38
-Greenpeace disagrees. They say the -figure will be closer to 200,000.	0:39:39	0:39:44
-As the Soviet economy disintegrated -at the end of the 1980s...	0:39:48	0:39:52
-..reliable data -wasn't readily available.	0:39:52	0:39:56
-There are no clear records of -illnesses and diseases in Ukraine.	0:39:56	0:40:00
-That makes it hard to say how many -have suffered because of Chernobyl.	0:40:00	0:40:04
-Tatyana Lukina told me that -she'd collected her own data...	0:40:11	0:40:15
-..on the people who lived -in Pripyat during the accident.	0:40:16	0:40:20
-I've come to meet her brother, -Vladimir, to see her records.	0:40:21	0:40:25
-This is the registry -of evacuated people.	0:40:25	0:40:28
-According to Tatyana -and the group Pripyat +10...	0:40:30	0:40:34
-..half the children who left -the city died before turning 30.	0:40:34	0:40:39
-That's 8,500 of the 17,000 children -living there.	0:40:40	0:40:44
-Let's see now.	0:40:45	0:40:46
-Death, how old?	0:40:47	0:40:49
-1980 to 2007.	0:40:52	0:40:53
-Deaths here again.	0:40:59	0:41:00
-This one. Date of birth 1987, -died in 1995.	0:41:02	0:41:06
-87, 95, that's very young, isn't it?	0:41:07	0:41:09
-I was eager to find out -who these dead children were.	0:41:17	0:41:20
-Tatyana organised -a meeting for me...	0:41:22	0:41:24
-..with someone who moved -from Pripyat as a child.	0:41:24	0:41:27
-Hello, Alexander.	0:41:28	0:41:30
-Alexander Kharchenko was a young boy -when the reactor exploded.	0:41:34	0:41:38
-The night after the accident, as -rumours spread about the accident...	0:41:39	0:41:43
-..his mother and younger brother -left in a car with family friends.	0:41:43	0:41:47
-My father, middle brother -and I stayed in Pripyat.	0:41:48	0:41:54
-We were given tablets.	0:41:54	0:41:57
-We only left at two in the -afternoon on the Sunday, by bus.	0:41:58	0:42:01
-The buses came to every house -to collect people.	0:42:02	0:42:05
-His father was a liquidator and -his parents' health has suffered.	0:42:06	0:42:11
-Alexander has had two heart attacks.	0:42:11	0:42:15
-The toughest blow was losing his -brother to cancer, the first at 23.	0:42:15	0:42:20
-He had a grade-three growth -in his pelvis...	0:42:22	0:42:29
-..which spread to the lungs.	0:42:29	0:42:33
-It says in this note that his death -is linked to the explosion...	0:42:34	0:42:40
-..at the Chernobyl nuclear plant.	0:42:40	0:42:42
-Back at the start of the '90s, -I filmed at a children's hospital.	0:42:47	0:42:50
-At the hospital, many said Chernobyl -was to blame for their illnesses.	0:42:51	0:42:55
-Why do you think you lost your hair?	0:42:59	0:43:00
-Why do you think you lost your hair? - -Chernobyl, I think.	0:43:00	0:43:04
-In Kiev, there is a clinic which -specializes in thyroid cancer.	0:43:05	0:43:10
-5,000 people who were under 18 in -1986 have developed thyroid cancer.	0:43:10	0:43:15
-According to scientists...	0:43:23	0:43:25
-..cases of thyroid cancer were -fairly low in the early years.	0:43:26	0:43:29
-Numbers have increased significantly -in recent years.	0:43:29	0:43:34
-Some of the cancer cases -appeared at once...	0:43:34	0:43:37
-..within a couple of months -or maybe the first year.	0:43:38	0:43:42
-The other cases of cancer -happen only now after some years.	0:43:42	0:43:47
-Before that, the person was actually -quite healthy.	0:43:47	0:43:51
-Just right now...	0:43:51	0:43:53
-..it appears that he has a problem -because of this attack.	0:43:53	0:43:57
-In the thyroid?	0:43:58	0:43:59
-In the thyroid? - -Yes.	0:43:59	0:44:00
-The clinic keeps an eye -on the 16,000...	0:44:01	0:44:04
-..who would have been exposed to a -high level of radiation as children.	0:44:05	0:44:09
-Before Chernobyl, one in two million -suffered from thyroid cancer.	0:44:10	0:44:14
-One in every hundred of the group -that is being monitored...	0:44:14	0:44:18
-..have developed thyroid cancer.	0:44:18	0:44:20
-I went to meet the clinic's head, -Professor Mykola Tronko.	0:44:20	0:44:25
-Since the explosion at Chernobyl...	0:44:26	0:44:28
-..he has been researching -the effects of the accident.	0:44:29	0:44:33
-I wanted to ask about Tatyana Lukina -and Pripyat +10's research...	0:44:33	0:44:37
-..and about why half -of Pripyat's children...	0:44:38	0:44:40
-..had died before the age of 30.	0:44:41	0:44:42
-I want to believe these people.	0:44:43	0:44:45
-But I tend to doubt the information -stating half the children have died.	0:44:45	0:44:56
-As scientists, we have to proceed -on scientifically proven facts.	0:44:56	0:45:06
-Despite there being 30 years -since the accident...	0:45:10	0:45:13
-..he says it's too early to say -what effect Chernobyl has had.	0:45:14	0:45:18
-He thinks the state should do more -to help those suffering.	0:45:18	0:45:22
-I'm talking about the victims...	0:45:23	0:45:25
-..and the liquidators -who cleaned up after Chernobyl.	0:45:25	0:45:29
-The state is indebted to them. -That is a fact.	0:45:30	0:45:32
-According to the authorities...	0:45:37	0:45:39
-..a small number, around 50, died -as a direct result of the accident.	0:45:39	0:45:44
-Studies estimate that Chernobyl -will eventually cause...	0:45:44	0:45:48
-..around 4,000 deaths from cancer.	0:45:48	0:45:51
-Anti-nuclear organisations -argue the number is much higher.	0:45:51	0:45:55
-But maybe the truth is that we'll -never truly know the full cost...	0:45:58	0:46:02
-..of the worst nuclear disaster -in history.	0:46:02	0:46:05
-Before leaving Ukraine, I try once -more to meet Anatoli Artemenko.	0:46:10	0:46:15
-So there's no way we can meet up, -Anatoli?	0:46:16	0:46:19
-"Sorry."	0:46:20	0:46:21
-It's clear that Chernobyl -still casts a long shadow over him.	0:46:23	0:46:28
-I understand.	0:46:30	0:46:31
-Anatoli, thank you.	0:46:33	0:46:34
-In my language - "diolch yn fawr" -is thank you very much.	0:46:34	0:46:38
-You've been a true friend.	0:46:38	0:46:41
-See you. All the best.	0:46:45	0:46:46
-Goodbye.	0:46:49	0:46:50
-The one thing I've understood -is that Chernobyl, the accident...	0:46:58	0:47:03
-..has had a much broader effect -than I had imagined.	0:47:03	0:47:07
-The other times I was here...	0:47:12	0:47:15
-..I thought that everyone -blamed Chernobyl for everything.	0:47:15	0:47:19
-Their health, their poverty. -Everything was Chernobyl's fault.	0:47:19	0:47:25
-After this visit, -I've come to understand...	0:47:30	0:47:33
-..that the effects went much further -and deeper than I'd thought.	0:47:34	0:47:38
-It's certainly had a bad -psychological effect...	0:47:44	0:47:47
-..on many, many people.	0:47:47	0:47:49
-That includes people that -I got to know on a personal level.	0:47:50	0:47:54
-People like Anatoli Artemenko.	0:47:54	0:47:57
-S4C Subtitles by Testun Cyf.	0:48:26	0:48:28
-.	0:48:29	0:48:29

Y Byd ar Bedwar: Cysgod Chernobyl Y Byd ar Bedwar

Similar Content

Factual

News

Y Byd ar Bedwar

Haul ar Fryn?

Transcript

Download Subtitles

SRT

ASS