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This is BBC World News Today with me Nuala McGovern. | :00:00. | :00:08. | |
The murder of a former Russian spy in London - | :00:09. | :00:11. | |
an official report points the finger at the Kremlin. | :00:12. | :00:16. | |
Alexander Litvinenko was poisoned with a radioactive substance - | :00:17. | :00:19. | |
Russian president Putin probably ordered the assassination. | :00:20. | :00:22. | |
Brazil struggles to contain a mosquito-borne virus thought | :00:23. | :00:26. | |
to cause a rare brain defect in babies. | :00:27. | :00:29. | |
How US doctors brought this man back to life, | :00:30. | :00:32. | |
after he was frozen for several hours and believed dead. | :00:33. | :00:36. | |
He was tipped for a nomination - now he's not even going | :00:37. | :00:38. | |
Will Smith is the latest start to boycott this year's Oscars. | :00:39. | :00:52. | |
This is about children that will down, watched the show, and they're | :00:53. | :01:00. | |
not going to see themselves represented. | :01:01. | :01:14. | |
Alexander Litvinenko died from poisoning nearly a decade ago | :01:15. | :01:18. | |
And they are politically explosive. an inquiry into his death | :01:19. | :01:29. | |
is 'likely' to have sanctioned the former Russian spy's poisoning. | :01:30. | :01:32. | |
It matches the accusation made by Litvinenko himself, | :01:33. | :01:35. | |
Our Security Correspondent Gordon Corerra reports. | :01:36. | :01:43. | |
Today a judge concluded he was killed in an operation | :01:44. | :01:49. | |
by the Russian security service, the FSB, likely authorised | :01:50. | :01:55. | |
The FSB operation to kill Mr Litvinenko was probably approved | :01:56. | :02:01. | |
by Mr Patrushev, then head of the FSB, and also by President | :02:02. | :02:05. | |
Litvinenko was a former Russian intelligence officer, | :02:06. | :02:17. | |
who had spoken out about corruption, and then fled with his | :02:18. | :02:29. | |
Former FSB officer Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitry Kovtun both caught | :02:30. | :02:31. | |
In the Pine Bar Litvinenko was served a drink from this teapot | :02:32. | :02:38. | |
which was laced with radioactive polonium. | :02:39. | :02:41. | |
Police would be able to follow a trail of radioactivity | :02:42. | :02:46. | |
across London, from restaurants to football stadium, | :02:47. | :02:48. | |
It took Litvinenko himself three weeks to die. | :02:49. | :02:54. | |
There were audible gasps here in court when the judge said | :02:55. | :03:00. | |
responsibility probably lay at the highest levels | :03:01. | :03:03. | |
And this report argues the motive was that Litvinenko was viewed | :03:04. | :03:09. | |
Litvinenko was so hated that Russians special forces | :03:10. | :03:17. | |
Today's report says his accusations that the FSB was behind these | :03:18. | :03:25. | |
bombings of apartments in Moscow to justify a war | :03:26. | :03:29. | |
as well as his disclosure about corruption and a personal | :03:30. | :03:32. | |
animosity with Vladimir Putin all made him a target. | :03:33. | :03:36. | |
And then there was also the fact that the Russians learned he had | :03:37. | :03:40. | |
begun working with Britain's intelligence service MI6. | :03:41. | :03:44. | |
Today, his widow who fought for years for this inquiry told me | :03:45. | :03:48. | |
the British Government should now expel all Russian spies | :03:49. | :03:52. | |
in their London embassy, and impose travel bans and sanctions | :03:53. | :03:55. | |
I believe only these things might help Russian people one day | :03:56. | :04:05. | |
Today in the Commons the Government said it would consider | :04:06. | :04:13. | |
The conclusion that the Russian state was probably involved | :04:14. | :04:19. | |
in the murder of Mr Litvinenko is deeply disturbing. | :04:20. | :04:23. | |
It goes without saying, that this was a blatant | :04:24. | :04:25. | |
and unacceptable breach of the most fundamental tenets of international | :04:26. | :04:32. | |
But the opposition criticised the Government's response. | :04:33. | :04:40. | |
I am not sure it goes anywhere near enough in answering | :04:41. | :04:43. | |
the seriousness of the findings in this report. | :04:44. | :04:48. | |
Indeed it could send a dangerous signal to Russia that our response | :04:49. | :04:51. | |
Today, two of the most powerful men in Russia were named as likely | :04:52. | :04:59. | |
responsible for what has been described as an act of nuclear | :05:00. | :05:02. | |
A murder which a decade on remains a defining issue | :05:03. | :05:06. | |
Now there's mounting pressure on the government here in Britain | :05:07. | :05:14. | |
to take further action against Russia. | :05:15. | :05:17. | |
The Russian Foreign Ministry has once again denied any involvement | :05:18. | :05:20. | |
in the assassination and said the inquiry had been politicised. | :05:21. | :05:23. | |
Our Moscow Correspondent Sarah Rainsford looks at where today's | :05:24. | :05:26. | |
report leaves relations between Britain and Russia? | :05:27. | :05:31. | |
You wouldn't know Russia's President has just been implicated | :05:32. | :05:34. | |
People here are more worried about and economic crisis, | :05:35. | :05:39. | |
That is partly down to the message they are getting | :05:40. | :05:50. | |
It is reporting the inquiry into Alexander Litvinenko's murder, | :05:51. | :05:56. | |
as a farce, biassed against Moscow from the start. | :05:57. | :05:59. | |
Reporters are playing down the conclusion, | :06:00. | :06:02. | |
that President Putin probably approved the killing. | :06:03. | :06:05. | |
And in public at least, Russian officials are unflustered. | :06:06. | :06:10. | |
At the foreign ministry the spokeswoman deflected my | :06:11. | :06:13. | |
question over the trail of deadly polonium, dismissing the whole | :06:14. | :06:16. | |
We take it as a step towards to discredit Russia, | :06:17. | :06:20. | |
and Russian official, Russian leaders, as we understand | :06:21. | :06:26. | |
it was not a legal process, it was an imitation | :06:27. | :06:32. | |
Russia has become the master of denial. | :06:33. | :06:36. | |
Of painting the most serious accusations as part | :06:37. | :06:40. | |
of an international political campaign against Moscow. | :06:41. | :06:43. | |
That may work with the audience here at home, but the conclusions | :06:44. | :06:46. | |
of the Litvinenko inquiry have the potential to plunge | :06:47. | :06:48. | |
relations with the west to a new low. | :06:49. | :06:53. | |
Despite calls to extradite the chief suspects to the UK, | :06:54. | :06:56. | |
they are still here in Russia, today Andrei Lugovoi | :06:57. | :06:58. | |
He has become a minor celebrity here. | :06:59. | :07:07. | |
The murder of Alexander Litvinenko had major repercussions | :07:08. | :07:09. | |
Contacts between security services cut. | :07:10. | :07:16. | |
But five years on, David Cameron was in Russia, encouraging trade | :07:17. | :07:22. | |
Then came the conflict in Ukraine and the annex casing of Crimea | :07:23. | :07:26. | |
The inquiry into Litvinenko's killing was announced. | :07:27. | :07:33. | |
Now it its damning conclusion is out Russia's ambassador has been | :07:34. | :07:36. | |
But some argue Russia's role in Syria makes it risky | :07:37. | :07:42. | |
Since it began air strikes there, Moscow has become central | :07:43. | :07:47. | |
I personally do not think we should be concerned about deepening the row | :07:48. | :07:56. | |
as such, the Russians themselves ought to have some consideration | :07:57. | :08:01. | |
for that, and whether it is the, there is any sense in having | :08:02. | :08:12. | |
a bigger bust up than the one we are having already. | :08:13. | :08:15. | |
Tonight the Kremlin was sounding defiant. | :08:16. | :08:17. | |
President Putin's spokesman call the murder inquiry a joke, | :08:18. | :08:19. | |
and insisted that Moscow will not accept its findings. | :08:20. | :08:32. | |
A car bomb has exploded in the capital of Somalia, Mogadishu. It | :08:33. | :08:42. | |
was in the city's popular live goat destination beach. Explosions and | :08:43. | :08:49. | |
gunfire have been heard nearby. We will bring you more on that | :08:50. | :08:50. | |
developing story as we get it. Brazil says thousands of babies have | :08:51. | :08:54. | |
been born with abnormally small The health system is struggling | :08:55. | :08:56. | |
to cope with the outbreak linked to the Zika virus - | :08:57. | :09:00. | |
which is spread by mosquitoes. The rare brain defect affects | :09:01. | :09:02. | |
the babies' physical The disease has spread across Brazil | :09:03. | :09:04. | |
- with close to 4,000 It is now showing up in other | :09:05. | :09:15. | |
South American countries. The Zika virus appears to have the | :09:16. | :10:07. | |
ability to cause birth defects, when the baby is born to other infected | :10:08. | :10:09. | |
pregnancy. Camilla Costa from BBC | :10:10. | :10:45. | |
Brazil is in Sao Paulo. It is difficult to | :10:46. | :10:47. | |
are still being investigated point, how widespread the cases are. | :10:48. | :10:59. | |
The Zika virus is quite detect right now, we still don't | :11:00. | :11:03. | |
have specific tests to detect detect right now, we still don't | :11:04. | :11:15. | |
mothers. Silas the bit about detect right now, we still don't | :11:16. | :11:17. | |
they have told you? There is a lot of anxiety, when | :11:18. | :11:24. | |
they have told you? There is a lot news, the mothers feel sad | :11:25. | :11:24. | |
they have told you? There is a lot do about the | :11:25. | :11:31. | |
they have told you? There is a lot cannot predict | :11:32. | :11:44. | |
they have told you? There is a lot know what exactly awaits them. What | :11:45. | :11:46. | |
is the government saying they will do, in particular to help these | :11:47. | :11:51. | |
mothers? State governments are actually trying to increase the | :11:52. | :11:54. | |
number of centres they have, which are prepared to give orientation to | :11:55. | :12:01. | |
those mothers, and to start a rehabilitation sessions with those | :12:02. | :12:06. | |
babies. This is one thing you can do to help stimulate some areas of the | :12:07. | :12:13. | |
baby's brains. The budget for city governments to tackle the mosquito | :12:14. | :12:22. | |
that transmits the Zika virus, to prevent another epidemic next year. | :12:23. | :12:26. | |
We are hearing them may have been a couple of cases in Colombia? Is that | :12:27. | :12:32. | |
something the government is talking about, prevention to normal people | :12:33. | :12:34. | |
as well as attacking the mosquito? Definitely. The mosquito has been | :12:35. | :12:43. | |
constant in Brazil and most countries in Latin America for | :12:44. | :12:47. | |
decades, since we are tropical countries, something we have dealt | :12:48. | :12:52. | |
with for a long time. It is a mosquito that transmits at least | :12:53. | :12:55. | |
seven diseases, quite urgent to tackle the situation. Just as the | :12:56. | :13:03. | |
Zika virus came, and may have caused those cases of malformation, other | :13:04. | :13:11. | |
cases could come. In Britain David Cameron has said a referendum on | :13:12. | :13:17. | |
membership of the good, sinister, if they deal can be negotiated with the | :13:18. | :13:21. | |
rest of the EE members by the end of next month. In Davos, the | :13:22. | :13:29. | |
Netherlands' Prime Minister said the deadline is doable. He spake to Abba | :13:30. | :13:34. | |
economics editor, who asked him what the EU's most pressing issue is | :13:35. | :13:42. | |
right now? Clearly the refugee crisis is the most pressing issue. | :13:43. | :13:47. | |
We need to bring numbers down through Turkey and Egypt, coming to | :13:48. | :13:51. | |
Europe. This is not sustainable. The main issue. At the same time even to | :13:52. | :13:56. | |
drive growth, improve the common market, particularly in digital | :13:57. | :14:03. | |
services, capital union, energy. There is enormous room for | :14:04. | :14:08. | |
improvement. 1.25 euros trillion in extra GDP to get. For Britain, one | :14:09. | :14:14. | |
of the major issues is the renegotiation, that the Prime | :14:15. | :14:18. | |
Minister is attempting. When you look at what the Prime Minister is | :14:19. | :14:21. | |
putting on a table, DEC the chance for radial by February? Yes, I am | :14:22. | :14:29. | |
relatively optimistic we can get a deal, and we could get a deal in | :14:30. | :14:33. | |
February. There is still work to be done. He has put on the table wishes | :14:34. | :14:39. | |
in various domains. For me, I think it is crucial become to an agreement | :14:40. | :14:53. | |
on the 28th, for all 28. So you make maximum use of the UK referendum to | :14:54. | :14:56. | |
improve your for everybody, particularly in the areas of growth, | :14:57. | :15:01. | |
how to deal with countries in the Eurozone and outside the Eurozone. | :15:02. | :15:06. | |
It is doable, but still work to be done. Lex ability necessary? Yes, | :15:07. | :15:11. | |
that everybody will acknowledge we have Europe that has different | :15:12. | :15:18. | |
speeds. Already there, the Eurozone, Schengen, some countries having | :15:19. | :15:23. | |
country specific opt outs. It is not new in itself. For me, the nation of | :15:24. | :15:30. | |
ever closer union, this was putting in the past, it is history. Ever | :15:31. | :15:37. | |
closer union, not of the People's of the European Union, but I know for | :15:38. | :15:43. | |
him, it is important, so we have to deal with it. | :15:44. | :15:47. | |
Now to a remarkable story about a man called Justin Smith | :15:48. | :15:50. | |
The 26-year-old was walking home from a local bar when he fell | :15:51. | :15:54. | |
in the snow and was knocked unconscious. | :15:55. | :15:56. | |
He was found hours later in freezing conditions and paramedics concluded | :15:57. | :15:58. | |
Justin was then taken to hospital where doctors thought his life | :15:59. | :16:02. | |
I started shaking his head, no, you can't leave me. | :16:03. | :16:56. | |
I have never even heard anything like this, amazing. Something I have | :16:57. | :17:01. | |
not heard of, can't thank everyone enough. | :17:02. | :17:08. | |
Dr James Wu was one of the doctors involved in the procedure to revive | :17:09. | :17:14. | |
He says this procedure is not actually new to health care | :17:15. | :17:21. | |
professionals. It is an older technology, it is a | :17:22. | :17:29. | |
heart and lung machine, and can be used outside the body, for different | :17:30. | :17:35. | |
purposes. Most recently, it has been used for the flu epidemic, causing | :17:36. | :17:42. | |
severe lung problems, what we call ARDS. It is done great job in terms | :17:43. | :17:48. | |
of saving those patients who would be dead. The technology has | :17:49. | :17:54. | |
involved, with better Jew being and cannulas, we can drain blood out of | :17:55. | :17:59. | |
the patient and put it back in. -- better Jew being. We are moving to | :18:00. | :18:06. | |
the forefront of recess at a science. Cardiac arrest, | :18:07. | :18:20. | |
hypothermia, and other uses. What is PE? Pulmonary images. -- embolism. A | :18:21. | :18:33. | |
police officer said he was dead for many hours, what with the chances | :18:34. | :18:38. | |
for revival? Truly incredible. When we saw him at the hospital, he had | :18:39. | :18:43. | |
no vital signs. No pulse. No electrical activities. This is what | :18:44. | :18:52. | |
they saw, when he was there. The chances of a patient surviving from | :18:53. | :18:56. | |
those set of conditions is extremely low. But there were two things going | :18:57. | :19:02. | |
for Justin, one was hypothermia, a lot of the metabolism of his brain | :19:03. | :19:07. | |
and other bodily functions were kept to a minimum. Did not need to use a | :19:08. | :19:18. | |
lot of energy or oxygen. Another thing was he was 25 years old, young | :19:19. | :19:24. | |
patients can survive a great deal of trauma, and still do OK. As a | :19:25. | :19:30. | |
doctor, what did this procedure mean to you? To bring someone phrasing | :19:31. | :19:37. | |
back to life? Furious for your personal take? He was not completely | :19:38. | :19:46. | |
frozen. Once you are truly completely frozen, your body and | :19:47. | :19:54. | |
cells were crystallised. His lowest temperature was 18 degrees, the | :19:55. | :19:57. | |
blood was still flowing, albeit very sluggishly. Again, under those | :19:58. | :20:03. | |
circumstances, looking at getting the heart function back, and the | :20:04. | :20:09. | |
organs, and then the brain, we were not sure about. Remarkably it came | :20:10. | :20:14. | |
back almost completely. Incredible job done by this doctor. | :20:15. | :20:19. | |
He was tipped by some for an Oscar nomination - | :20:20. | :20:21. | |
now he's not even going to the ceremony. | :20:22. | :20:23. | |
Will Smith, who had the leading role in film Concussion, | :20:24. | :20:26. | |
is the latest star to boycott this year's Academy Awards over | :20:27. | :20:30. | |
That was sparked by all 20 of the main acting | :20:31. | :20:34. | |
Let's hear what he's said on US TV in the last few hours. | :20:35. | :20:43. | |
This is so deeply not about me. This is about children that are going to | :20:44. | :20:56. | |
sit there on, they are going to watch this show. And they are not | :20:57. | :21:04. | |
going to see themselves represented. We heard your wife says she was not | :21:05. | :21:09. | |
going to be attending, nor will she be watching? Will you be attending | :21:10. | :21:15. | |
the Oscars? No, it would be awkward for me to show up with Charlize! We | :21:16. | :21:26. | |
have discussed it, we are part of this community at this current time, | :21:27. | :21:34. | |
we're uncomfortable to stand there and say this is OK. I asked Neal | :21:35. | :21:42. | |
Smith, our entertainment reporter, how significant this boycott is? | :21:43. | :21:46. | |
He's by far the biggest Hollywood start to turn his back on the Oscars | :21:47. | :21:53. | |
this year. His worldwide fame will really bring even more attention to | :21:54. | :21:57. | |
this issue than there has been already. It is odd, the film he may | :21:58. | :22:03. | |
have been nominated for was called Concussion. I imagine the academy | :22:04. | :22:08. | |
are feeling something similar foot of it seems to grow and grow. The | :22:09. | :22:13. | |
awards are not until the end of February, at about one month ago. Do | :22:14. | :22:19. | |
you think it will continue to gather steam, or get more names? Already | :22:20. | :22:24. | |
some big hitters? Absolutely, Spike Lee, various other people. A lot of | :22:25. | :22:30. | |
pressure on the house, Chris Rock. People saying he should be pulling | :22:31. | :22:37. | |
out. -- host. Not dealing with this slightly tainted ceremony. The | :22:38. | :22:42. | |
Justin Kemp will be the next week, the Academy will have a board | :22:43. | :22:47. | |
meeting. Standard board meeting. Now, I think people will look at | :22:48. | :22:52. | |
this, and for something concrete to come out of it. If something | :22:53. | :22:56. | |
concrete does come out of it, they may be able to nip this in the bud. | :22:57. | :23:00. | |
Can you tell us what the Academy has said a fire in response to people | :23:01. | :23:15. | |
speaking out? Everyone from Whoopi Goldberg to Idris Elba. They said | :23:16. | :23:17. | |
more must be done to broaden Goldberg to Idris Elba. They said | :23:18. | :23:27. | |
Now they need to see something more concrete. Talking about radical | :23:28. | :23:30. | |
changes, possibly more acting nominees. A limit of ten films every | :23:31. | :23:36. | |
year, as opposed to the sliding scale between 5-10. Talking about | :23:37. | :23:42. | |
some quite seismic changes. What do the Academy say so far about why | :23:43. | :23:47. | |
there were no people of colour in the nominations? The Academy | :23:48. | :23:57. | |
president has said she's very disappointed, that unfortunately you | :23:58. | :24:01. | |
can only nominate what is out there. There were far stronger candidates | :24:02. | :24:04. | |
last year, in terms of critical support, groundswell of popular | :24:05. | :24:12. | |
opinion. Selma, for instance, some thought they were robbed. No | :24:13. | :24:15. | |
high-profile candidates this year. It's possible that there is a huge | :24:16. | :24:18. | |
ninth planet on the outer edge of our solar system - | :24:19. | :24:21. | |
and it may be ten times But for now from me and the rest | :24:22. | :25:55. | |
of the team goodbye. | :25:56. | :25:58. |