Noodles QI XL

APPLAUSE

Welcome to a show

where we will be noodling about with an enormous array of things

beginning with N.

Please welcome the netholiginous Jerry Springer.

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE

The nonalturantist Matt Lucas.

Thank you. Thank you very much, I'm very happy to be here.

The noctivagant Cariad Lloyd.

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE

And nicky, nacky, noo,

it's Alan Davies.

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE

Have you been described as netholiginous before, Jerry?

Not recently.

It's a wonderful word, and it means producing clouds of smoke.

And, Cariad, noctivagant means night-wandering.

That is true, yeah.

So mind you don't do that when Jerry's producing clouds of smoke.

Yeah.

-Sleep-walking, it's a sleep-walking thing.

-Yeah, yeah.

-Ah.

Do you sleep-walk at all?

No, I don't sleep-walk. I'm a grown-up.

Well, that's told the rest of us. Right...

And their buzzers have been lavishly personalised.

Jerry goes...

-CHANTS:

-'Jerry! Jerry!

'Jerry! Jerry!

'Jerry! Jerry!

'Jerry! Jerry!

'Jerry!'

Can you tell we're a bit excited that you're here, Jerry?

Matt goes...

'Nope, but yet, but no, yeah, oh, my God,

'I so can't believe you just said that.'

APPLAUSE

-Cariad goes...

-I don't have a famous catchphrase, so...

# Always Cariad Always Cariad Lloyd... #

'Oh, look, there's Cariad Lloyd!'

LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE

-You have a theme tune now.

-I've got a theme tune.

You've got walk-on music.

-Yeah!

-And Alan goes...

'Alan! Alan! Alan! Alan!

'Alan! Al!

'Alan! Alan!'

SHOTGUN GOES OFF

Anyway, moving on.

Now, I've got a list here

of the Christian names of the first 200 parachutists

to land in Normandy on D-Day.

I'd like you to give me the name of any of them.

-Their Christian names?

-Any Christian name.

-Yeah.

-Vladimir.

-Vladimir, we're going to start with.

Another first name?

-Mordechai?

-Mordechai?

Well...

You have over 200 choices in here.

John. Dave. William.

Enid.

LAUGHTER

'Alan! Alan! Al! Alan! Alan!'

Are you suggesting that it's Alan? SHOTGUN GOES OFF

They were dummy people.

They WERE dummy people. You are absolutely right.

APPLAUSE

The very first Allied parachutists into Normandy

consisted of 200 dummies, six men,

some gramophones and a pigeon.

That's a good night!

It's a classic, yes! Absolute classic!

The 200 dummies were a diversionary tactic, the six men were SAS troops.

I like this, they played battle noises on gramophones

to divert the Germans from the real air drops,

which were going on elsewhere.

And the pigeon was a carrier

strapped to the very first man to land,

so the first soldier to land was called Norman Poole.

I think they thought, Normandy, Norman! Let's have Norman.

But the very first ones, there were 200 dummies,

and they were all called Rupert.

Because British soldiers often

referred to their officers as Ruperts.

They were only two foot nine inches tall,

but from the ground, they would have looked full-size.

I've got helmets for you, if you wouldn't mind,

just stick those on there.

Just following orders.

Yep.

Because we're going to show you, from the ground,

what the parachute drop would have looked like.

It would have looked like this.

It's possible you didn't need the helmets,

but, then, it is possible that you would need them.

-I needed it, yeah.

-So those are replicas, obviously, of Rupert.

They contained firecrackers

so that when they landed it sounded like they were firing.

This one is anatomically correct.

They distracted nearly a full German division, and in 2013,

a Rupert was discovered in a garden shed in the UK,

and nobody knows how he got back.

We have a real one here which comes from the Museum of Army Flying

in Middle Wallop. Don't you love this country?

We have a place called Middle Wallop.

It is accompanied by his curator, Susan Lindsay.

Thank you, Susan.

Do you not think that is the coolest thing?

Because how Rupert survived and made it all the way back to the UK,

absolutely nobody knows.

It's cool, but it's not as cool as Kanye.

-It is cooler than Kanye.

-Really?

-Yeah.

Kanye sounds like something you'd cure with yoghurt.

You can take your helmets off.

Here's the thing, when they took the pigeons in,

they either were strapped onto somebody or they had

a little parachute, and they were dropped in a container.

In Monmouth in Wales, there was a factory

that just made pigeon parachutes.

And in the United States, the Maidenform bra company stopped

manufacturing bras just to make pigeon vests and pigeon parachutes.

And there was another extraordinary thing, and you can see a replica

also at the Museum of Army Flying, of something called the Hamilcar.

Look at that.

It was a wooden glider large enough to take a seven-tonne tank.

-Do you not think that's incredible?

-Yep.

-But would they just drop the tank?

-No, no...

-Oh.

-They would land.

-I see.

It wasn't the same as the pigeons and Rupert,

they didn't just go, "Good luck, tank," and then just shove it off.

It's a new way of using a tank.

You just drop it on the enemy, you don't even bother with...

Lots of soldiers in Normandy were wearing what

underneath their uniforms?

Oh, Kanye West t-shirts.

-They wore pyjamas.

-Did they?

Did they have a swimming exam later?

To get the...get the brick.

It was for comfort.

And JD Salinger was present, carrying in his backpack the very first

six chapters of The Catcher In The Rye.

-Just an extraordinary thought, isn't it?

-Wow!

-Yeah.

My favourite story from that time is Lord Lovat,

he was the commander of the first commando brigade.

He took with him his personal bagpiper,

this is very British, to do this.

He took with him Bill Millin, who was his personal bagpiper.

In the hope that he'd get shot?

The story is he walked slowly up and down Sword Beach in Highland dress

playing to encourage the Allied troops,

and then he later piped the commandos

through the French countryside,

and the German snipers said,

"We didn't shoot him because we thought he'd gone mad."

LAUGHTER

Jerry. Now, this time that we're talking about,

the battle of Normandy,

you were in the UK?

Yes. I'd been born six months earlier, yes.

And where were you?

I was actually born in Highgate, in the tube station.

-During an air raid?

-Not during an air raid, but you didn't know...

Your mother just missed her train and...

Yes.

Women in the ninth month would often spend nights in the subway

because those were the bomb shelters.

Have you been back to the station?

Yeah, and there's not even a plaque there!

LAUGHTER

You know.

You'd need to have been conceived to have a plaque there, I think.

When you were Mayor of Cincinnati...

-Yes.

-1977, is that right?

1977, '78, yeah.

Oh, my God!

What are you doing in that picture?

Well, you know, when you're mayor,

you also get a lot of ceremonial things to do,

so it probably was some...

Oh, I know. That's when I got circumcised.

LAUGHTER

That's when everybody got circumcised.

Is it true about Cincinnati,

that there is a full abandoned subway system that was never used,

that's underneath the city, is that true?

Yeah, they ran out of money, actually.

And so it was never completed.

-But, yeah.

-So are there stations?

-Yeah.

-So why did they not do it...?

It was before my time.

If I were mayor, we would have finished that subway!

Quite right.

APPLAUSE

From Normandy to Newcastle now,

we know why you'd take a canary down a coal mine,

but why would you take a dead fish?

Is it one of those fish you put in your hand, you know,

you used to get from the shop for a pound?

Oh, for fortune telling?

A fortune-telling fish. So you'd be like, "There is coal here,"

and it rolls over and goes, "No, the coal-mining industry has gone."

Wow, that's like the saddest fortune fish of all time.

LAUGHTER

If you brought a live fish down,

they would be dead by the time you got to the bottom of the mine,

so this just saves time.

That's true.

If you want to have a fish at all, just save time by killing it first.

-Right.

-Maybe, because in some cultures people eat fish.

So... Maybe the people in the mine are peckish.

OK. We're in Newcastle.

Do they eat fish in Newcastle?

Oh, yes, they do.

They have a little fishy on a little dishy when the boat comes in.

LAUGHTER

Dance for your daddy, my little laddie.

Is it possible you spend too much time with your small children?

LAUGHTER

OK, so I'm going to give you a clue.

The fish in the picture is glowing.

It does something down there

that tells you that something's not right,

and it's time to leave? Similar to the canary.

Well, the canary was used, of course, to work out if there was...

Poisonous gases.

-..if there was poisonous gases.

-So the canary would die first.

Absolutely. But in the 18th century in the Newcastle coal mines,

they used dead fish as lights.

So some dead fish, not all, glow faintly,

and they are safer than lamps in mines because of explosive gas.

Unfortunately, the fish have two putrefy

in order to be able to glow,

so the smell must have been unbelievable.

But it is called bioluminescence.

And they glow because of bacteria,

and it's possible that the bacteria glow

to attract living fish to eat the dead fish

and that helps the bacteria to spread.

-That is incredible.

-Yeah. Cunning bacteria.

And it's been known about for years.

Aristotle spotted that damp wood glowed,

Pliny the Elder, he recommended using, I like this,

a walking stick dipped in a jellyfish's glowing slime

as a torch.

When Kanye West played Madison Square Gardens,

-he lit the show just with fish.

-Dead fish.

That's the same as, you know toxoplasmosis, that bacteria,

and it lives in cats.

It wants to be in cats.

But if it can't get in a cat, say it infects a rat or a mouse,

it will make the mouse not scared of cats any more,

so that it's more likely to be ate by a cat.

-Are you making this up?

-No.

They have found that human beings who have toxoplasmosis

are more likely to have car crashes,

so the bacteria is trying to kill you

so that a cat will find you.

-LAUGHTER

-It's true.

Is this why we have these books, to write this down?

It's also to write down what medication Cariad is on.

Toxoplasmosis, guys.

It is absolutely true what Cariad is saying.

Absolutely true. The world is so extraordinary,

there are lots of sea creatures that glow

when they are disturbed by a boat's wake.

So that glows. And this is a serious issue,

so in World War I, there was a German submarine tracked and sunk

because it had disturbed enough bioluminescent organisms.

We could see where it was?

Exactly. It glowed from the surface.

And there is bacteria that's now been engineered to glow brighter in

polluted water so you can tell if water has been polluted.

-Yeah, usually you can smell it.

-Yeah, there is that!

And they can also use it in various ways, for example,

they can inject mice

with a genetically-modified glowing herpes virus.

And who hasn't wanted to have that at some point?

Scientists can examine how it moves through the body.

No, I don't know why it's glowing, honey.

LAUGHTER

Just one of those things.

You get up in the night, and you don't need to put the light on.

LAUGHTER

I can just find my way.

LAUGHTER

Jerry, did you know the phrase "carrying coals to Newcastle"?

Is it a phrase with which you are familiar?

No, we don't say that in the States.

So, anybody here know this phrase?

They've got coal, they know about coal,

you're giving them something they've already got.

So the idea is that you take it to an area that there's already lots of.

Oh, it's like taking sand to the beach.

-Yes, exactly, or cheese to Wisconsin.

-Got it.

Here's the thing - since the coal industry's decline,

the young seem unfamiliar with this phrase.

So we're just going to try a little experiment.

I would like you, audience, to put your hands up if you were

familiar with the phrase carrying coals to Newcastle.

And now, can you put your hands down if you're aged over 30?

Wow, it's hardly anybody.

It's a commonplace idiom that seems to have died out pretty much

-in one generation.

-Wow.

The Danes say "give bagerborn brod",

which means "give the baker's children bread."

The Greeks has a wonderful one. It is "bringing owls to Athens".

So, first of all,

the owl used to roost in the rafters in the Parthenon.

It was sacred, the owl, to the patron goddess Athena,

and it featured on the beautiful, beautiful silver coins.

So there was no point in bringing owls to Athens,

either the real birds or the coins, because that would be pointless.

They had plenty. We should think of some new ones, shouldn't we?

If we can't have coals to Newcastle, what else could we have?

Fake tan to Essex.

LAUGHTER

What about bringing the footballer Andrew Cole to Newcastle?

Because he used to play for Newcastle.

Well, that's so clever I wish I'd thought of it.

Now for a question on non-employment.

What is the most painless way of sacking 24,000 people

at the same time?

-Don't tell them.

-Don't tell them?

-Don't tell them.

-Just don't mention it?

Are they dummies again? Are they fake employees that never existed?

They are. And it did happen.

So, it was February, 2016.

Nigeria sacked 23,846 employees from the government payroll,

all for the same offence - they didn't exist.

And the move saved £8 million a month.

They were ghost workers.

It's a common problem,

you get real workers collect fictional colleagues' payrolls.

In 2011, a newborn baby was added to the government payroll

and got £90 a month, and a diploma.

You can get high office as well.

In 2007, Andre Kasongo Ilunga became the Minister of Foreign Trade

in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,

despite the fact that he was entirely fictional.

The Congolese law is that there has to be two candidates

for any ministerial post.

So there was a politician called Kasimba Ngoi,

and he really wanted the role.

So what he did was he invented a fake rival, this gentleman.

-And the fake guy won?

-Well...

Kasimba assumed that the Prime Minister

would choose the person he'd heard of.

But, unfortunately for Mr Ngoi,

the Prime Minister disliked him intensely

and chose the fictional Mr Ilunga.

Mr Ngoi later claimed that Ilunga had resigned.

But the Prime Minister said he would only accept

the resignation in person.

LAUGHTER

Eventually, Ilunga was sacked.

-Possibly for non-attendance.

-For not turning up.

But there was a guy,

a Spanish water board employee called Joaquin Garcia, he bunked off work...

Well, we don't exactly know, but it certainly was over six years

that he bunked off and read the Dutch philosopher Spinoza.

And the water board thought that the council was employing him

and the city council thought that he was working for the water board,

and it was only noticed that he hadn't turned up when

he was awarded a special award for two decades of loyal service...

-..and nobody could find him to give it to him.

-Yeah.

That happened in Bristol.

By the zoo there's a car park and this guy, every day,

would collect, like, £3 to park your car, and then one day he wasn't

there and some people were like, "Oh, where's Jeff at the car park?"

And they said to the zoo, "Where's your car park attendant?"

They were like, "We don't have a car park attendant."

And he had been doing this for, like, 15 years,

so he'd obviously just collected £3 in a really busy car park,

-taken the money and done a runner.

-Yeah, it's a great story.

-It's unfortunately an urban myth.

-Oh, no!

-I know!

-JERRY:

-Oh, it's not true?

-Is it definitely not true?

No, it is definitely not true.

I've had several people tell it to me, though.

-I hate when several people lie.

-I know!

People from Bristol who'd said they'd met him. Damn those liars!

I don't know, I think you're deflecting.

I now don't trust anything you say.

-I'm actually Kanye.

-Oh!

And you heard it here first.

LAUGHTER

Now, which is worse, death or Norfolk?

LAUGHTER

Well, you could leave Norfolk.

Yes, that's a very good point.

But it's not the English county of Norfolk that we are talking about.

Sometimes I think the questions on this show

aren't quite what they seem.

Let me give you a clue, OK. So which newly-discovered continent,

beginning and ending in A,

were most British convicts transported to in the 18th century?

Australia.

Or Australasia.

No, not Australasia.

Antarctica.

-Not Antarctica.

-America.

You are absolutely right. So 1718 to 1775,

they were sent exclusively to America,

at least 52,000 of them.

It wasn't America yet.

No, it wasn't even America yet.

And some people estimate that as many as a tenth of the migrants

to America during that period were, in fact, British convicts.

And Australia was only used after

the American War of Independence broke out

and everybody thought, "What a dangerous place.

"Let's send them somewhere else."

Is that the best image we could find for 52,000 people going to America?

It looks like the Ark. It looks more like it ought to have animals on it.

But the Norfolk we are talking about is in Australasia,

which is what you mentioned.

It's a tiny little island called Norfolk Island.

And in 1825, it was established as a penal colony for a penal colony.

So it was for people who had committed crimes

while already serving a sentence in Australia.

Oh, my God.

Not a place that anybody wanted to go.

In fact, people who were sentenced to death on the mainland

thanked God that they were not going to Norfolk Island.

Some people hated the island so much,

they openly committed capital crimes.

They openly would kill somebody just to be taken back to Sydney

to be tried and executed, because it was so horrendous.

-Have you been to English Norfolk, Jerry?

-No, I haven't.

-Never?

It's fantastic. It's really, really beautiful.

It has places called Misery Corner, Vinegar Middle,

and there's also a place called Tuzzy Muzzy.

There used to be a place called Nowhere,

in which 16 people lived in 1861.

Sadly, now it's nowhere to be found.

It's the last place in Britain where people regularly ate swan.

So if you walk along the river - is it the Wensum?

-You can see the swan pits. Anybody tried swan?

-No.

-Eaten swan?

Not allowed, are you?

Well, you can if you are...

-Quick.

-If you're quick.

If you're going to dinner at St John's College, Cambridge,

you can eat swan. But, no, you're not normally allowed to.

But they have become a sort of wonderful symbol of love,

and in Boston Public Gardens there are two swans, Romeo and Juliet,

who have been together over a decade,

who represent love to the City of Boston.

It was found out recently they should have been called

Juliet and Juliet, so...

LAUGHTER

There we are, just one of those things.

In which country is the very highest peak of the Alps?

Isn't Mont Blanc the tallest?

-OK, so where is that?

-Where is it, Matt?

LAUGHTER

Italy, I think.

-Yeah, it's on the border.

-It is, exactly on the border.

The French-Italian border, in fact,

passes directly over Mont Blanc's peak.

The very highest peak of the Alps is not there.

-Not Mont Blanc?

-Neither in France, nor in Italy.

-Switzerland?

-So we'll go for Switzerland.

I want you to think, unlikely, and I want you to think, you know...

like a flat place.

Is it that the Alps go much further?

No, it's in the Netherlands.

-Really?

-There was a Swiss geologist called Horace-Benedict de Saussure,

born in 1740,

he led the very first expedition up Mont Blanc.

When he got to the top, he took the top as a souvenir.

It is now in the Teylers Museum in Haarlem in the Netherlands.

I'm going to guess it's not quite that big.

And it's not floating in a museum.

He was a fantastic polymath, de Saussure.

He's really worth looking up. He did so much for women's education,

because he educated his daughter, Albertine.

He's also described as the inventor of climbing, or alpinism.

On his expedition, he took two frock coats, several waistcoats,

his slippers, two cravats, a bed, a blanket, a mattress,

and 18 guides.

He was the one who got to the top.

Did he invent climbing?

-Well, he invented...

-People were climbing in the Alps before,

and he came along and went, "I will call this climbing."

People must have been climbing before then, yeah.

Probably the same guy who told you the story about the parking lot.

Yes. Boys making things up. It's not right, is it?

-Probably several people said it.

-Several people!

You've never had that on your show, have you?

-People making things up?

-That would be so wrong.

That would be very wrong, Jerry.

It would be a good topic for the show,

"My friend claims he invented climbing."

And the women who love him, yeah.

LAUGHTER

You can say any sentence in the world, and as long as you add

-"and the women who love him"...

-Yeah.

-..then you've got a show.

LAUGHTER

My Labrador, and the women who love him.

There you go.

So, the highest point of the Alps may be in the Netherlands.

Where is the highest point of the Netherlands?

Well, a lot of it's below sea level, isn't it? It's not high at all.

Yes, but it might not be necessarily in the low areas. Where might it be?

Have they got a colony of some kind?

-They have a municipality.

-In Africa.

-No, it's in the Caribbean.

-Oh, nice!

-Yeah.

-Oh, the Caribbean, nice.

-There's an island called Saba...

-Oh, lovely.

I say island, it's pretty much just a volcano.

It's 887m high - it is nearly three times higher

than the tallest bit of the European Netherlands.

The highest bit of the Netherlands is in the Caribbean.

There's a Dutch province called Drenthe and the highest point

in Drenthe is a 56m-high VAM-berg -

so that is a landscaped former rubbish dump.

This thing of taking the top off,

so there was an artist called Oscar Santillan in 2015,

and he removed the topmost inch of Scafell Pike.

Can't they just leave these tops there?

-Why are they taking them off?

-I know.

He made everybody very cross in Cumbria, the managing director,

Ian Stephens, of Cumbrian Tourism said, "This is taking the mickey.

"We want the top of our mountain back."

Yeah, you'd get a mohel for that.

A mohel? That's a Jewish gentleman who does circumcision?

That's right, yeah.

Yeah, that's painful.

It happens when you're eight days old, so in theory,

-you don't remember it.

-But you two are both in pain still.

I'm still limping, yeah.

I don't care if it was a subway station, I'll remember it.

Wow, I'll never see Highgate station the same way again.

LAUGHTER

So much for some big features in the nation of the Netherlands.

But what is Britain's biggest national secret?

If we tell it, it won't be a secret any more.

Ah, well, that is true,

and that was the thing that worried people for a long, long time.

-So we're in London.

-Right.

-So...

-Was it the London Tower or something?

It is a tower. Tower is right, Jerry.

Is this some enormous building that isn't supposed to...?

Yes, there is an enormous building

that was a secret for years and years.

-The Gherkin.

-The BT Tower.

The BT Tower is exactly right.

It was built in 1965,

it was considered such an important part of the telecoms infrastructure

that it was classified as an official secret.

What?!

Because no-one can see it!

No, it was Britain's tallest building,

it contained a public viewing gallery, and a revolving restaurant.

Nevertheless...

I went to that place once for a charity event.

And Rick Astley was singing.

It was wonderful. And I went to the loo, which is in the middle,

and when I came out of the loo it had revolved,

and I came out right on stage next to him.

LAUGHTER

He was going... # Never going to give you up... #

It was technically illegal to take photographs of the tower

under the Official Secrets Act.

It wasn't included in any Ordnance Survey maps

until the mid-1990s.

In a 1978 case a judge would only refer to it as location 23,

and in 1993 the MP Kate Hoey

spoke in parliament to state the location, she said,

"I hope I that I am covered by Parliamentary privilege

"when I reveal that the British Telecom Tower does exist,

"and that its address is 60 Cleveland St, London."

But the restaurant was fantastic.

Did you ever go to the revolving restaurant?

-No.

-It was just glorious.

And in 2009, BT said they were going to reopen it,

and anybody who's ever had a promise from BT

will know that'll never happen.

LAUGHTER

You get a lot of e-mails saying your order's on its way.

LAUGHTER

But the location of the Post Office Tower not the worst-ever

breach of national security.

So, the English historian Peter Hennessy,

in 1963, the 25th June, he said

Britain was left entirely unguarded against nuclear attack because

every single screen of the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System

was tuned to the cricket.

LAUGHTER

What's the best cure for nostalgia?

Is it actually living in the actual past?

And staying there?

And then you don't need nostalgia, cos you're still living in it.

But wouldn't you be nostalgic for the hundred years before that?

Would there not be a period...? There's always going to be a period.

-Oh, yeah.

-Like, even the Dark Ages.

Do you get nostalgic, Jerry?

Yeah. Smell.

If you smell something, it brings back a memory.

-Straight away, isn't it?

-Cigarettes in pubs.

Do you miss them?

-Oh, yeah.

-Smell affects your memory part more than sight, or touch,

or anything. It instantly affects your memory.

My wife, when she smells beer on me, she knows where I've been.

LAUGHTER

Are there things you're nostalgic for, Alan?

I'm not a nostalgic person, no.

-That's probably good.

-I think the future's going to be great.

The past, whatever.

I'm nostalgic for when Alan used to be nostalgic.

-That was a lovely time.

-Those were the days.

Well, in the 18th and 19th century, it was seen as a deadly disease...

-Really?

-..to be nostalgic.

It was known as Schweizenkrankheit, or Swiss illness,

because Swiss soldiers were apparently particularly prone to it.

And in the American Civil War, more than 5,000 men were diagnosed

with nostalgia and 74 allegedly died from it.

In fact, the Unionist army was forbidden

from playing Home Sweet Home in case it brought on an attack.

No doubt the past makes you upset.

I found, when I wrote my book, this is not a plug, it's out of print.

No-one bought it.

LAUGHTER

It was part-memoir,

that meant a lot of going back through childhood memories.

And it's not pleasant, it's not nice.

It's much better to look forward - it hasn't happened yet,

you can invent it.

The only one thing I would like to have is my grandmother's trifle.

Oh, was it particularly good?

It was so good. She died in 1974, and it went with her.

-No-one knew how to make it.

-Have you tried to recreate it?

I don't even know how she did it. No-one knows.

Grannies everywhere, write down all your recipes

so that we can continue to have them.

Funnily enough, I just bought a book for my kids

for all the things that I've learnt from previous generations,

and I'm starting to write the recipes down.

Yeah, I think that's a good idea.

So if you've just tuned in,

this evening's episode was a tribute to Cariad,

Jerry, Sandi and Alan, who all very sadly died of nostalgia.

LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE

So they still haven't worked out what the best cure is.

A Russian general came up with it in 1733.

Vodka. Did it involve vodka?

It didn't involve vodka.

What he did was, he warned the troops

that the very first man

to come down with a case of nostalgia would be buried alive.

And cases plummeted.

The suspected causes of nostalgia

were unfulfilled ambition, poor hygiene,

coming from farming stock, and masturbation.

Those were the...

I've got two of those.

LAUGHTER

Me too, and I've never been on a farm.

It was declassified as a disease as late as 1899.

What was? Oh...

Nostalgia. Yeah.

They say that's still troublesome.

I miss it.

Actually, it can be useful. It is thought to protect, slightly,

against cold. So people can stand the pain of icy water for longer

-if they focus on nostalgic memories.

-Who writes this stuff down?

So you mean if you're trapped in a freezer by a gangland criminal

you just say to someone,

"Do you remember when we weren't trapped in this freezer?"

You're going to make it.

I think you have to think about Grandma Davies's trifle.

Oh, I see what you mean, yeah.

The weird thing was, when we went round to her house there weren't

enough chairs round the table,

so she would produce this stool from...

I was going to say stool!

LAUGHTER

I mean, some things probably keep to yourself.

It was an actual stool!

It was an actual stool, it wasn't a...you know.

She was your grandma and you loved her!

-And that's all that matters today.

-Here you are.

It's a stool.

And we all wanted to sit on the stool,

even though it was the wrong height for the table and was uncomfortable.

Why did you want to sit on it?

I don't know, it was different from a normal chair.

As soon as one kid wants the stool, everyone wants the stool.

I'd like the stool and the trifle. Everything else can... I don't care.

Now for something completely different.

Alan. Are you a narcissist?

I know I don't like looking at myself.

LAUGHTER

I would take either of those two lives ahead of my own!

LAUGHTER

Yes or no, are you a narcissist?

No, I'm not.

That is correct.

And this is a complete reversal of the usual format,

because whether you said yes or no, we are going to give you two points.

-Oh.

-And that is because in the standard modern test for narcissism,

research shows that narcissists feel so good about themselves,

they don't mind admitting it.

So if you think you are a narcissist, then you are.

Would you say that you were a narcissist?

Yes.

Totally fine. What about you, Jerry?

Would you say you're a narcissist?

No, I've got a mirror, that depresses me.

I mean, you're asking the star of the Jerry Springer Show!

-CHANT:

-Jerry!

Me, a narcissist?

What about yourself, Cariad? A narcissist?

I wasn't until I got my own theme tune, and now I might be.

So, the thing about narcissists, they rate themselves.

They think that they are particularly intelligent,

attractive, likeable, funny.

They also think that they are unusually power-orientated,

impulsive, arrogant, prone to exaggeration,

but they just don't care.

-Oh, now you've listed it, yeah, now I am one, yeah.

-Yeah, one of those.

Apparently we are in the midst of a narcissism epidemic.

Oh, I think we are. Look at the selfie -

I mean, that is the ultimate.

We live in the most narcissistic time of all.

The whole social media thing is...

This is a very, very narcissistic time.

It's definitely for us five to cast judgment,

as we sit here talking, and those people just listen to us.

Let's do a quick test. Have a look at this pole,

and I want you to tell me whether you are taller or shorter than it.

So, let's start with you, Cariad.

I'm just assuming I'm shorter because I'm shorter

-than most things.

-Shorter.

Jerry, you think taller or shorter than that pole?

-I'm shorter.

-Shorter.

-Boys? Alan?

-I'm exactly the same height as it.

Exactly the same height.

I'm going to go with shorter.

It is interesting, because none of you asked me

how tall the pole is at all, and we have no clue how tall it is.

But powerful people will tend to perceive themselves as taller.

So Alan's the nearest to a narcissist that we've got.

But maybe they're tall people.

Maybe all the powerful people are tall and that's the problem.

You think there are no powerful small people in the world?

-No...

-Well, I'll have you know you could lose with such a remark!

I went to university with a very beautiful girl.

She just thought she looked normal, she didn't realise how the world

perceived her, that everybody would literally see her and just smile.

If she didn't have enough money at a cafe, they'd be like,

-"You're so beautiful, just don't worry about it."

-Wow.

-Do you know what happened to her?

-She's very happily married.

-Yeah.

-I wanted it to have turned out shit, didn't you?

LAUGHTER

APPLAUSE

In mythology, of course, we get narcissism from...

Narcissus gazing in a pond.

That's a beautiful picture by John William Waterhouse.

He became so transfixed by his own reflection

that he was unable to drag himself away, and he stayed there,

and was eventually transformed into a flower.

What flower was he transformed into?

Oh, self-raising!

LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE

-What did you say?

-A narcissi?

No, it's one of those weird things, it's not connected.

So you'd think that the scientific name for the daffodil is connected,

but in fact, that's related to the narcotic quality of the bulb.

Did he turn into a lily?

We don't know. We've no idea.

So why did you ask us, then? You don't even have the answer!

Some things are unknown, Matt. That's OK.

What's curious about him is that he seems to have bothered to wear a hat.

It's a big hat, below his elbow there.

-The painter's tribute to his mother, his grandmother.

-Yeah.

He could have put a stool there...

LAUGHTER

Anyway, moving on, now...

He has five faces and bigger sperm than you.

CARIAD LAUGHS

-Not really talking to you, Cariad, in this instance.

-OK.

Five faces...

-Is it a type of fish?

-It is a creature.

Oh, so it's not just some old actor with a lot of face-lifts.

-Just one after the other like that.

-Yeah.

-Er, no.

-A pyramid...

-A pyramid?

Well, the Egyptian pyramids.

I mean, that has five sides.

Yeah. It's more of a creature than, erm...

LAUGHTER

It is fair to say more of these, probably,

than almost any other creature.

Is it a bacteria?

It is not a bacteria, no, but it can be very, very tiny.

Is it a type of beetle or insect?

It's called a nematode and it is a kind of roundworm,

and they are extraordinary.

So, there is one - there it is! Pristionchus borbonicus.

It grows one of five different faces as it matures,

depending on whether it's going to eat microbes or other worms.

It's called polyphenism and it's when animals change their form,

they change into different forms depending on the environment.

OK, here is the really extraordinary thing about the nematode -

we know about more than 20,000 species,

so then compare that with 5,000 mammals.

But some scientists believe that there are more than

a million undiscovered species, and they are everywhere.

Some of them are so small that it would take 20-30 of them lying

end to end to equal the thickness of a single average coin.

There are some species that live exclusively in vinegar,

in book-binding glue...

There are some that use slugs as taxis.

They do, they use slugs as taxis to carry them to a new food source.

They're cheaper than Uber, I guess, aren't they?

And their sperm is bigger than human sperm.

-What, all nematodes?

-Oh, yeah?

-Not all of them.

-I was going to say.

-Fight, fight, fight!

-Do they get one of their sperm

and lob it at the female?

So, not the tiny, tiny little ones,

but the very first one that I talked about.

LAUGHTER

Why might bigger animals produce smaller sperm?

I can't tell you how many times I've asked that question.

LAUGHTER

Because the bigger animals have got less to prove.

No, the bigger you are,

the more sperm you need to produce to increase the odds that you're

going to make one, that is the thing, so you need lots of them.

-Tiny animals can produce fewer sperm...

-Oh, I see.

..so they can make them much bigger.

But don't you love the idea they use a slug as a taxi

to get them to a new food source?

So, they get themselves eaten, they travel to a different bit of

the garden, they are then excreted and they have this...

-How do they not get digested?

-Because they have a cuticle,

a sort of thick skin that is totally resistant to both acids and alkalis.

That's what you need when you get on the Tube.

A big thick skin to protect you.

-So they avoid being digested.

-Wow.

Anyway, now it's time for our weekly brush

with general ignorance. Fingers on buzzers, please.

Which of these two men has stronger muscles?

'I can't believe you've just said that!'

Well, the one on the right certainly has bigger muscles,

but maybe the muscles on the left are stronger

because they're not as strong,

and yet they're still working.

Stop now! Stop now, you're doing so well.

-Or is the answer, we just don't know?

-No.

Pound for pound, body-builders have weaker muscles than normal people.

So one of the reasons body-builders are so strong

is that they have a large amount of muscle.

But the muscles they do have are, in fact, weaker.

Here is the thing. If you don't have muscles,

but you have a really good imagination,

you can exercise your muscles.

So say your hand is in a cast.

You can prevent yourself from losing muscle mass

by simply imagining yourself using your hand muscles.

-Wow!

-Well, I'm just imagining myself winning the show.

I'm imagining myself using my hands.

LAUGHTER

-Moving along, erm...

-With prosthetic limbs,

if you lose a limb, and you know you have phantom pains often?

So if they've lost a hand they still feel it.

They get a mirror and if they wiggle that hand but use the mirror

to make it look like the other hand, their pain goes away.

So again, you can trick your brain...

But do you not think that is the most extraordinary thing,

how the brain can be used in that way?

Yeah, it's incredible.

Yeah, I think it's extraordinary.

Now, which of Shakespeare's plays wasn't performed at first

because it was believed to be cursed?

# Cariad Lloyd... #

Is it Richard II

because the language was so provocative?

It's a good choice, but it is not Richard II.

Is it Midsummer Night's Dream, in which I played Bottom,

and got the best reviews of my career?

Er, no.

Is it the one that was playing when the Globe was burnt down?

It is the one that was playing.

Oh, No Sex, Please, We're British.

That's it!

Run For Your Wife!

1613, it was a production of Henry VIII.

I was going to say Henry VIII!

It was the very first recorded performance at the Globe,

and they fired a cannon as one of the special effects,

and it hit the straw of the thatched roof

and the theatre burnt down.

I have to say nobody was injured,

the only risk to life was one man's britches caught fire

and his friend put him out with a bottle of beer.

Theatres used to burn down all the time.

And one theatre was burnt down about four or five hundred years ago

because one guy advertised

that he could squeeze himself into a quart bottle on stage.

And so thousands of people turned out to see him, and when it was...

Weirdly, he couldn't do it.

Weirdly, he couldn't do it, and there was a riot,

and the theatre burnt down.

-Why don't they do that on Britain's Got Talent?

-Yeah.

-Have you been to the Globe Theatre that was rebuilt?

-No, I haven't.

Oh, it's absolutely fantastic, it's really wonderful.

And what I loved about it,

when they were excavating to build the present one,

they discovered a layer of hazelnut shells and it allowed

the rainwater to filter through.

So when they rebuilt it,

the theatre sourced 7.5 tonnes of hazelnut shells from Turkey

and they were flown over on a military transport plane

and used in exactly the same way.

But what is the play that actors have often treated as being cursed?

Well, I don't want to say it because it's cursed to say it, but Macbeth.

And the reason you're not supposed to say Macbeth

is because, traditionally,

when repertory companies were doing a play and no-one was coming,

what they would do is quickly put on Macbeth,

which was in their repertoire,

because people always came to see Macbeth.

So if you were putting on Macbeth,

it was that the thing you really wanted to do was a disaster.

But, I mean, there have been some examples.

So, 1947, there was a guy called Harold Norman.

He was an actor who pooh-poohed the superstition

and he was playing the lead in the Scottish play.

And he died at Oldham Coliseum in 1947 playing Macbeth

when he was accidentally stabbed with a real sword.

1849, there was a British actor called William Charles Macready

and an American called Edwin Forrest that were both playing Macbeth

at different theatres in New York.

And their fans rioted as to who was the most successful,

and more than 20 people died and more than 100 were injured.

-My God!

-Wow!

But nobody was superstitious

about the Scottish play in Shakespeare's lifetime.

Name America's biggest fault.

Donald Trump.

APPLAUSE

Now, it's not, is it NOT going to be the San Andreas fault?

-It is NOT the San Andreas, you're absolutely right.

-Yes!

It is not even the most dangerous fault line in California.

So here's the thing, California sits across two continental plates,

the Pacific and the North American.

There's dozens of fault lines between them.

And the maximum size of earthquake

that the San Andreas fault could cause is

8.2 on the moment magnitude scale.

The nearby Cascadia Subduction Zone, just off the coast,

is far more dangerous.

A huge rupture along it could release an earthquake

30 times stronger than the San Andreas.

I mean, that is half as large again as the quake

that caused the Indian Ocean tsunami on Boxing Day in 2004,

so it is a huge thing.

They estimate a big earthquake would cause a tsunami up to 100 feet high.

Yikes!

Yeah, yikes indeed. And that brings me to the matter of the scores.

Well, my goodness,

in first place with a magnificent seven points, it's Cariad.

APPLAUSE

In second place with minus 26, it's Jerry.

APPLAUSE

In third place with minus 36, Matt.

I'm very proud, thank you.

And Alan, with a breathtaking minus 56,

fourth place.

APPLAUSE

Our thanks to Jerry, Cariad, Matt and Alan.

Tonight, I'm going to leave the last word to Jerry.

Watch this show, or I'll kill my dog.

LAUGHTER

Just kidding. Just kidding.

-Take care of yourselves, and each other.

-Goodnight!

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE