04/02/2016 The One Show

Hello and welcome to The One Show with me Matt Baker And me Nina

Wadia... with me Matt Baker And me Nina

So, we didn't scare autocue skills are not very good!

Tonight's guests have taken autocue skills are not very good!

a documentary which took eight autocue skills are not very good!

celebrities with a combined age of 426 and flew them to India. We have

132 years of them on our sofa so far. It is Wayne Sleep and Rosemary

Shrager. That sounds awful! This series has taken the BBC by

storm. We have so much to talk to you about. I have a really important

question for you. Did the cows get in the way of any filming? Yes, of

course All the time. We could not touch them. I had to shove his bum

out of the way. That is already! A lot of stuff on the ground to be

avoided A joy for Countryfile, cows which don't move out of the way.

Masses of pigs. And they slept under your doorstep. That is where they

slept. Where did they take you? Everywhere! As we are discussing

adventures in later life, tonight we would like to see your pictures of

the most surprising thing that you have done since hitting retirement

age. Maybe you have been bungee jumping! Taken up an unusual hobby

Or got back from your first Justin Bieber concert. Send it to the usual

address. A survey shows talking to can help 60% of people with mental

health issues. It can sometimes be hard to open up

and discuss your feelings, especially if you are struggling.

When I was a kid my dad used to take me to football matches: That was the

only time I saw men let their feelings out. As soon as we left the

stadium it was like the mask wept off and we were afraid to express

our emotions. My name is Jonny Benjamin. Like 25%

of the population, I have mental health issues.

Two years ago, The One Show was filming as I

Two years ago, The One Show was man who saved my life. I was just

walking to work. I saw somebody man who saved my life. I was just

sitting over the side of Waterloo Bridge,

sitting over the side of Waterloo thing which jumped to my

sitting over the side of Waterloo somebody who was going to jump.

sitting over the side of Waterloo someone was me. Just having Neil

talk to me was enough to persuade me to step back from the edge.

Ever since, I have been determined to promote mental health awareness,

especially among men. We need to get rid of all of the shame and stigma

which comes with mental illness. At the moment in the UK more people die

by suicide than in road accidents. I myself almost became one of those

statistics. Mental health issues account for one in five visits to

GPs. When they are closed there is often nowhere to turn to except for

A But here in Aldershot they have

opened a cafe in the town centre where people can come for support.

The most important thing of all is it is open every evening, 365 days a

year. There's no need to book an appointment.

Trish Crawford is a mental health practitioner at the centre. The idea

behind the cafe was originally to reduce the A admissions. There's

no waiting times like A or all that environment things which can be

daunting. We are a bit more relaxed, informal. If we need to step up into

clinical we can do that as well. It is a place where they can come and

just be themselves, really. If they need to talk to somebody,

they can. And if they just want to sit quietly on their own, that is

absolutely fine, too. It is about being somewhere they feel safe and

supported. Set up by the Surrey and borders NHS

Trust, two years ago, the cafe is open late into the evening and is

well used, with around 500 visitors every month. What difference does it

mean to you to have other people go through similar experiences that you

can talk to? It helps to know you are not alone in your struggle. I

started to come here a year ago. Before that I was in supported

housing and I felt alone. I was self-harming and felt suicidal. I

heard about this place, as soon as I walked in, it was calm, it was a

really nice atmosphere. Start to feel you are part of a family. You

get along with people and laugh. I guess this place is useful when

other places are closed. I used it for Christmas and New Year's Day

after I was kicked out of home and things. Having a first Christmas

without family and things it has been deaf time for me. How long have

you come here? Three weeks every night. Evening is the time I am most

disturbed with my illness. I have come here because it is a better

option than going to A or calling a crisis line. You can come here,

you can talk to a professional and you make friends and meet people. We

don't really talk about our illness. We just chat. It is relaxed. You

know? You don't need to talk. You don't need to open your mouth. It is

knowing these people have been in the same situation as you. It is

like walking into a safety bubble. It is a simple idea. The Safe Haven

Cafe has made a real difference. Psychiatric admissions to local

hospital feel by one-sixth in the first few months. Five more cafes

like this are opening across Surrey this year. I don't know what I would

have done on Christmas Day without this place. It is phenomenal. I

would be dead without this place right now. I have been moved by the

people I have spoken to. It shows that sometimes what you need is a

safe place to go and people you can talk to, and those who will listen

and understand. Personally, I don't know if I would have got to the

point I would have eight years ago when I went to the bridge if there

had been a place like. This I hope this might be the start of something

new. A different way that we help and support people who have mental

health issues. Great work that has been done there. We have put links

on our website if you want more information On anything in that

film. Maybe you would like to talk to somebody. We will talk about

mental health in a couple of weeks' time during the In The MInd Season

on the BBC. A national statistics survey was revealed this week,

revealing the age we are happiest in our lives. Our neuroscientist, Tali

Sharot is here. Welcome. Talk us through this graph. It shows that

happiness is high in kids and slowly, slowly goes down as we age,

hitting mid-bottom in your mid-life, 45-59. The good news is it starts to

go up again. It peaks around 65-79. If you are mid-life, that is good

news for you. There is hope!

What causes that the dip in the mid-life crisis? We don't know. One

possibility is stress. So, at mid-life we have a lot of stress.

There are a lot of things on our plate - raising kids and a hectic

work life, taking care of elderly parents. As we age, stress starts to

decrease - kids leave the house, our work life is calmer. It has a large

effect on our happiness. It is not just the negative feeling of stress.

It changes the way you think, process information. In my lab at

UCL we stress people out. How do you do that?

Come and live with me for a week! There are different ways... So, and

when you stress people out, what you see is they start to be very

vigilant to any bad news. They take it on and it creates a very

pessimistic view. And what the elderly tend to do, they take on the

good news and it creates an optimistic view. We found the

elderly are more optimistic than a mid-life individual. Is it all about

lifestyle and the amount of stress you take on. Things change as you

get older. Does that help in my way? It is not only that. This U shape of

happiness, you find It is not only that. This U shape of

well. We cannot -- It is not only that. This U shape of

apes as well. We cannot ask apes how happy they are. The care givers

assessed their happiness and the same thing, in mid-life crisis. What

it suggests is it cannot all be social and economic factors, it has

to be a deep biological root. Maybe it is hormonal changes throughout

the life. Maybe it is the way our brain changes, the structure of our

brain. Is there a way to make ourselves feel happier? We can...

Plastic surgery! LAUGHTER I found in that 45-year-old

Plastic surgery! period I had done everything I

wanted to do in my career, I had nothing coming up any more. I was

not ambitious, I had done it all. I was alone at that period and I sunk

to rock bottom, actually. It is something everyone can do - plan

ahead because the pure act of anticipation makes people happy.

Even if your life now is a bit dire... No, I am well past that age!

I was not talking to you... dire... No, I am well past that age!

If in the general years dire... No, I am well past that age!

not so great... I am in full-time work, I have a business, I get on

with it. For me, I am very stressed, but actually I am very happy n the

sense when it is good and goes really well, this is the best

happiness. I am finding as we get older our friends,

happiness. I am finding as we get and some are passing away, the thing

to do is, I cultivate young friends...

I have got that and when they have all dropped off I am all right.

There are things which happen which do make you look at things in a

different way. But it is being interested in the young and other

people, was they have so much to teach us. One thing we know which

has made you happy is this trip to India, which we will talk about very

shortly. Before that we are going on to a subject which Nina is very

excited - the Six Nations rugby tournament.

For many north of the border Saturday's match between Scotland

and England is the most important. Yes, as a little precursor to the

match we sent Iwan the chance for Scottish fans to

match we sent Iwan the chance for team, but only if they were willing

to take on the icy plunge. What is extra special about playing

to take on the icy plunge. fierce? It will always

to take on the icy plunge. is upbringing. Go on Scotland!

to take on the icy plunge. it to them!

It is obvious how passionate fans are. How far would they go to

support their team? I have got an ice bath challenge - it involves a

paddling pool, a lot of ice and after a hard rugby match player vas

to have an ice bath to aid their recovery.

Can I persuade fans to help their team's recovery by stripping off and

getting into the ice bath to cheer on the men in blue? Probably not.

Not a chance. Not in weather like this. I would stick my feet in.

Would you do it? # I'm proud of Scotland

# Oh, when we see... Come on Scotland, let's see you winning at

the weekend. You would stand it in there and give it some? Yes.

Come on then! You have got your socks on still.

She's wearing tartan socks and she's left them on.

# When we will see # The likes again

# Come on Scotland! Come on Scotland! How important

would it be to beat England this weekend? So important. Is it

important to beat England? Massive. I think we are do it. We had a good

performance at the World Cup. We have someone barefoot and a lady in

tartan socks. Can we find someone passionate enough about Scotland and

prove it by going into there just in shorts? Scotland are going to win on

Saturday, for definite? England will not handle the pressure. Come on

Scotland! More women than men, it has to be

said. The game is on Saturday, on BBC One and coverage of Ireland

verses Wales is on Sunday. I am looking because he's in the bath.

I mean, this is extraordinary. He's a true supporter. You have been

to India. I want to test your Indian... Chow!

You had a bit of a Hindi lesson. I fell asleep. MIR yap did as Wellham

we were very tired by that time. But. But what a trip. So many people

will be envious of what you have just been through. The experiences

that you had, but, Rosemary, why did you want do this? First I had never

been to India. Secondly, my father, my grandparents lived in India, they

lived in Bombay, and they, they had lots of stories about it. My father

had an Indian passport until he was 21, when he came to school here. He

was brought up by two maiden aunt, but I wanted to go. And the thing

is, I never got to go there. So as soon as they asked me, I said yes,

no problem. I didn't have to think about it. As a chef, I am sure you

must have done some cooking there. ? It was so surprising, it was

unbelievably wonderful. The food was out of this world. I couldn't fault

it. Seriously. Every night we had a feast. You count fault it. You

joined in in cooking a lot of it. We have a clip from next weir. Don't

help me. I am going to do this. Despite having a house full of

staff. Chef roe Rosemary has been keen to get involved? The kitchen

during their stay. Have I got it? More or less. My

problem is I can't afford to slow down. I have to keep going.

I can never see me giving up work completely, whether I just write or

whatever I do, I will always work, until the day I die. I will work.

You are supposed to keep it like this. Sorry. That is the weirdest

looking chapati I have seen. I was terrible! I need to have more

lessons. The whole point of this wane, was for you to experience what

life is like. The older generation, wane, was for you to experience what

life is like. The older generation, retirement age and what have you, in

India. What conclusion did you come away with? I came away with the

conclusion it didn't disappoint me. I had always wanted to go there. It

was on my list of one of the places I want to visit in the world before

I die. I started to retire more now and contemplate things and life and

what better place to go. You can live there for ?200 a month with two

servant, and so it would be easy to go over there for three or four

months of the year. I would have to come back for my cultural fix. It

was a spiritual expense for you. Yes, I had that when I was a child,

and I wanted to experience going to a treat and start meditation, and

yoga, and what better place to go and find out if it is there, and if

you really want to do it. I mean they have a temple on every corner

and people go in for five minutes in and they just, it is part of their

life. Here, I find some people find and they just, it is part of their

religion a hobby, there it a way of life. That is what keeps them happy.

Did you find they treated older people differently there to this

country? That was the one mainly significant thing, that overall,

that was obvious. The... They look after their elders. The hierarchy

was respected. They ask permission from the elders, they treated them

with such respect. They were looked after, no matter whether you had no

money or you had money, it was all the same across the board. With

great dignity. And humbling to watch, there was no question of it.

It was a morale duty without thinking about it. -- moral. We have

nothing in this country, when our old get old, they actually dismiss

them and think they have nothing to offer any more, so, and that is the

awful thing about it. So over there, they feel they have everything to

offer, and to learn, so you find the very young, with the very old a lot.

That makes me feel so good to hear that, about back home. It does. Can

I thank you for being so honest. It is extraordinary what you do. If you

haven't seen it The Real Marigold Hotel concludes on Tuesday at 9.00

on BBC Two, and like I say, watch the previous episodes if you

haven't. Absolutely. If it wasn't for one pioneering man wane might

have had to hang up his dances shoes FIA years ago. Here is Michael

Mosley with the story of an extraordinary unsung hero.

Mosley with the story of an painful arthritis in his help and

needs treatment. With over 95,000 hip replacements

needs treatment. With over 95,000 year is one

needs treatment. With over 95,000 hip into the patient. Although this

setting hip into the patient. Although this

on pioneering work carried out hip into the patient. Although this

during the 60s by a hip into the patient. Although this

orthopaedic department at a hospital near Wigan.

orthopaedic department at a hospital invasive and dangerous operation.

orthopaedic department at a hospital As a surgeon he was well aware that

hip replacement operations often failed. The new hips sometimes

break, they come loose, or they simply wear out.

break, they come loose, or they itself in a rather bizarre way, as

his wife explains. He had a patient who came to him, it was causing a

marital problem between himself and his wife, because every time he

leaned forward when they were having a meal to

leaned forward when they were having the hip would squeak, and it made

her feel sick. So this started him thinking, about why that was

happening. And that was the start of how he came to really redesign

happening. And that was the start of was caused by too much friction

happening. And that was the start of it was not only producing noise but

wearing the part out. So what he needed to do was somehow find way to

reduce that friction. Charnley decided to

reduce that friction. than medical. If oil kept an

could be done in the body. He coated the replacement

could be done in the body. the new wonder stuff of the era.

Non-stick low friction Teflon. The stuff that stops bacon sticking to

your pan, but was it safe? He decided to test it on himself. He

inserted some Teflon into his own thy. There was a bit of local

information but he decided it was probably not toxic. He began

information but he decided it was implanting these into his patients

but after only a couple of year, a disturbing problem emerged. He found

when he was reviewing the cases there was a degree of wear. And his

knew that as time went on, this was going to be a big problem, and the

cup would actually wear through. I used to wake up at night, and find

him sitting up in bed, with his head a big problem, and the cup would

actually wear through. I used to wake up at night, and find him

sitting up in bed, with his head in his hands, saying "I don't know what

I am going to do." It was a nightmare.

Charnley saw the removal of the worn Teflon hips and swapped them for a

tougher plastic. But this wasn't enough. Then he realised to reduce

the Africaion he needed to make the ball head smaller. As Dr Chris Fox

explains Believed a smaller head would give less friction and he set

about proving this by building a couple of machines to show the

non-believes this was the case. The smaller one on the right-hand side,

and the larger one on the left-hand side which was the sort of standard

head, that was being used at that time. So he put them on the a

pendulum, and then let them go, together, same weight on both sides,

and everybody was amazed to see that the little head went on swinging

much longer than the big head. Friction is slowing the one with the

big head down over here, whereas the one little head keeps on powering

along. With this low friction smaller head and stronger plastic

cup they produced this. The Charnley hip replacement. By the mid-sixties

the Charnley hip replacement has become well established and today,

over 50 years later, it is still being used worldwide.

Sandra's operation went well, after our four hours she is able to take

her first steps on her new hip. All thanks to Charnley's pioneering work

in the 1960s. Just remarkable. We have to have a cheer for Sir John!

If you are a fan of grateful birds of prey. You ho love this film. If

you are a pigeon, please look away now. Who writes this? !

Over the last few years in cities all over the country, birds have

been falling prey to a mysterious hunter, uncover of darkness.

Incriminating evidence has pinned the blame on a surprising predator.

The fastest animal on the planet. The peregrine falcon. They have

recently moved into our British cities. Nesting on tall buildings

which mimic the cliffs of their natural habitat.

The remains of nocturnal migrant birds have been found near urban

peregrine nests and cameras from buildings like this church in Bath

have captured the predators red handed.

These shots prove that the Falcons are hunting at night, but this is

surprising as peregrines are specialist daytime hunter, their

eyes have a high proportion of cells call cones which detect colour.

Specialist night hunters like owls have a high proportion of cells

called rods which only see in black-and-white but are very good in

low light. So just how good is the peregrine's night vision? For the

first time ever, we have set up an experiment to find out.

And helping me is bird of prey expert Lloyd Buck.

So, Lloyd, flying in the dark is unprecedented. Yes, it is something

I have never done with him. He is three, usually I am flying him in

the daytime, so he is usually at roost now. Firstly we need to get

Moses used to flying in this usual environment. Lloyd is going to at

tract him with a lure, and we are setting the light intensity for his

flight path to the level he is used to flying in.

This is a light meter. It is roughly the equivalent to day time. Lloyd,

are you ready? Yes, all set here. He is off. Whoa! Absolutely whacked

it. Moses was easily able to target the lure with the bright lights.

Next we are going to drop the light levels to mimic urban street light.

Round 1,000 times darker than daylight.

Round 1,000 times darker than Can I just about see the lure but it

is still pretty dark. Let us see how gets on. OK Moses? Best of luck. Is

he going to go? Whoa. That was amazing. I thought he would sit

there for age, really ensure, but he left the fist straightaway. For a

daytime specialist, that is very impressive. But what happens if we

reduce the light levels even further? Our light meter is measures

less than one lux which is close to moonlight. The sort of light level

olds hunt in. The cameras can just about pick out Lloyd and the lure

but I can't see a thing. Let us see how Moses gets on. -- owls hunt in.

He is looking. Well, he you can see Moses is not that happy to fly. He

just can't see enough to make that leap of faith.

So our experiment suggests that peregrines really need street lights

to hunt at night and recent research indicates they might need prey that

reflects light, just like our lure. Naturalist Ed has been studying

peregrines for 17 years. We know the peregrines are taking

birds like water rail, we have some for example, why they migrate at

night, normally they would be in the dark or they wouldn't be spotted but

they have something in common. They have pale bellies, so when they fly

over the street lights are lighting up the bellies and the peregrines

can see them and catch them to eat. As always wonderful pictures and

talking of winged wonders this is Malcolm, aged 70. This is his

birthday present from his wife. We asked for pictures o from you. Well

done you Malcolm I have Hilary aged 66 who can met One Direction. I have

Ken up Kilimanjaro. I have Marian, 61, skydiving. Goodness me! Well,

will that is all we have got time for for today. Thanks to Wayne and

Rosemary. Don't forget The Real Marigold Hotel concludes on

Wednesday on BBC Two. We are back tomorrow with Jeremy Vine and two

stars from the War and Peace programme. Than you -- thank you

both.