06/03/2017 The One Show

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE hello and welcome to the start of a new week

on The One Show with Michelle. You may have watched it, Robot Wars is

back, with dramatic scenes of metal on metal combat like this. One of

the most impressive robots we have seen. Oh, and that is crucial. Well,

there is only one person apart from Angela to keep those beasts under

control. It is in the shape of Dara O'Briain! Welcome back. Great to be

here and to Robot Wars back. It promises to be more destructive than

ever. Everything is ramped up. You will see what bore the brunt was the

arena, that got smashed and we had to just keep stopping. It went up a

level. It seems you can match any robot when it comes to being under

attack. Here is you showing off your hurling skills. Power, accuracy. You

have got it all. Dara, two questions... I did it

three times in a row. I did it slower. How did you get so accurate

and secondly, how harped was the ball? -- hard was the ball. It

wasn't as hard as a cricket ball and the man was fine. It is just skill!

I was playing Ireland's national sport in Lord's and I felt I was

being cheeky, because I demanded to do that. It has been run every

where. We have Dara hurling fail. There is no fail there. He said,

just get it over my head. Exactly on the head. This is to do with Ireland

playing England. They're playing cricket against each other in May,

the first test series they have done. Get you signed up. I hit a

better one after that. Do they show that? No. They show the one where I

hit the guy. Now it is March 6th and in the next four Brexit will become

real with Article 50 being triggered. We sent our team to get

answers on what is going to happen with the man nexting our departure.

This is our team. Four viewers, two who voted leave and two remain,

brought together to find out everything we need to know about

Brexit. If anybody can give the team answers, then surely the secondary

of state for exiting the EU is the man. Yes, today, we are in London to

quiz David Davies. John and Norah are both excited to find out what

the top man has to say. John calm down and let me ask a question.

Business owners and brothers, Nigel and Ian have never seen eye to eye.

I think you're coming around to my point of view. Never. We have been

invited to Downing Street. Hello, pleased to meet you. Once inside, he

pours us a cuppa and Ian asked about a subject close to his heart, trade,

his firm has the advantage of the single market and can move goods

without any restrictions around the member countries. It is important

for my business that we get a free trade agreement with the EU and

frictionless trade so, we don't have trucks stood at borders. We are

aiming for something that has never been done before. That is a

completely comprehensive free trade agreement covering everything. Every

agreement we take 60 different industries and do one for each, one

for cars and aviation and this is right across the board. Having it

simple means it will be quicker to negotiate. And so far the reaction

has been positive. The other thing to bear in mind is 60% of our trade

goes to the rest of world. Free trade agreements with China and

America. Do you think we can get them with trump and the China. Well

there are other people in the American Government. The leaders of

the Houses were saying we should be at the front of the queue to coin a

phrase. Next our laws. Iechltd Can we take back full control of our

laws and judiciary? Yes the big decision the people took was about

control. What we are going to do is all the European law that exists

becomes UK law and then from that point Parliament can change it when

it likes and of course it will be the British Supreme Court that

arbitrates, not the European court of justice. Do you think we keep

most of it. It will give stability and there will be things that don't

work like local government want to put out a contract to tender they

have to report it in the European journal. That should change. When it

comes to getting the best deal for Britain, Ian has concerns, which he

is keen to raise. Is there a risk that people in the EU think that we

just want to have our cake and eat it. It is early in the negotiations

and there is a degree of positioning. You can't have a better

deal outside the club than inside it. Some people have said that, but

the mood is changing. We are getting back to a position where what is in

their interests as well as ours is what I'm hoping will develop. I

don't position, but I do encourage. Ian is still not convinced. Won't

others want to do the same. No one is like us, we are offshore and we

have the global tradition and the common wealth and the English

language that is the language of science and medicine. There are

things available to us that are not available to others. Tomorrow the

Team's questioning continues. Before the referendum there was that ?350

million, will that go to nature snes the -- NHS. Will that be answered.

Part two is on tomorrow. Now Dara, Robot Wars started last night. The

thing that gets me, is the amount of time and passion that people put

into these machines and at the end of the day they go into the studio

and get destroyed. It is the beauty of it. It is one of very British

things about it. The passion and the lads in sheds, families, and they're

taking time from their engineering companies and they can sometimes

last 13 seconds, because they come up against something very powerful

and they pick up the bits and wheel them back and start welding them

back together. And there is something tremendously amateurish

about it. But at a high level of technical ability. Last night Jelly

Fish made an appearance and it was almost made of cardboard. It is like

what you would have a chopping made out of. Those are stickers they have

on. The lady is a horse dentist. Which is a very specific... A very

important job. And she had the files they use to carve down horses' teeth

on the front of the weapon. They come in and they were out. The

weapons, I mean, there is axes, flippers, spinners. Spinners can

move in that direction and can be in that direction and they can be at

the front, on the top, it is bizarre. We haven't, in the history

of the show, there has never been one weapon that will always win. It

is like rock, paper scissors and some things win different battles.

If you had to make one, would you go with a spinner. I would have

everything. An axe that spun and also flipped. I don't know. I like

the drama of the flipper. Because of that bit where something heads off

and... You have thought this through. When you're there and

you're behind two layers of bullet-proof glass and there is a

spinner and it sheers off, the rips off the side of the robot that

bounces on the bottom of the arena and bounces up. It is like a thick

plastic, cuts through it, so we see it and we can... We see it stuck

like an explosion in a movie and something comes out at the end. With

the name of the beaten robot stuck on the shard of metal. And we have

photographs of it. And we had to pull that piece out of the wall and

go back. Almost like a comet would takes us on to... Stargazing.

Beautifully done. From Australia is that right? . It is from Australia,

because there is nothing exciting happening in the skies above us here

to do Jodrell Bank. Australia is a different set of stars, because it

is the southern stars you wouldn't see here and you get a clear view of

the Milky Way and the place we are going is on a mountain and we should

see the full span of the Milky Way and we will do it as the same time

and we will do it the day on Stargazing, you do a walk through

and another walk through and a rehearsal and the show over the

course of a day. We will do that day, but 13 hours earlier and start

at 9 o'clock at night and do all the thing and do the show at 6am so it

could look weird. I'm not promising it will be good. Tune in to find

out. Brian Cox is staring around. If you find it hard to get your

children to go to bed at night, this is for you and if you should be in

bed, the question is why are you watching us? Get to sleep. Jenny

Kleeman has been investigating the problem of children not getting

enough sleep for Panorama. Here is with uno' of the families she has

been trying to help. Ellise is two and a half. Her bedtime routine

starts at 7 and ends at 10. 30. At her age she should be getting

between eleven and 12 hours sleep a night. She only gets ten. Just

consumes your whole life. One word, sleep. Don't throw that. Poor Betty.

Do you want that? Ellise is part of a new generation who have grown up

handling mobile technology from a young age. Jean and Nick both work,

like thousands of parents they use tech to entertain their child in the

evenings. So I end up asking her if she wants it, then I can get stuff

done and everyone is in a little world that won't going to happen.

But unfortunately it is the real world and it does. Jenny we can see

it has been difficult for them. But they got help from the Children's

Sleep charity. What advice did they give. The most important thing was

for all screens to be switched off an hour before bed, smart phones,

telephones and television ands they should do things that involve

hand/eye co-ordination. Now at 12 minutes past 7, the danger zone,

just over an hour ago we caught up with Nick and Jayne and Ellise to

ask them how it's improved. At the moment, I feel it is 100% better.

She has gone from going to sleep at anything between half past 10 and 10

past 11 at her worst to 09 clock at the moment. Still a bit too late.

But you know, it is an hour and a half better than what it was. Nick

you have had your nightly check up from Ellise here. As far as the

bedtime routine, what will be happening from here? I guess there

is another full body check to come? From about now, probably in another

half an hour to an hour we start talking to her about bedtime and

getting to bed. Suggesting that she is going to get into her pajamas,

asking if she wants a bath and adopting a different form of play to

the ones you can see where she is excited and we will get other things

out and make sure certain toys are away and get others out that are

more related to hand/eye co-ordination to calm her down and

prepare her for bed. What has been the hardest thing with

the new routine? I thought removing the tablet and television would have

been the hardest thing but that has really been the easiest thing. Yeah.

In a strange way it's probably me, mentally, that's been the hardest

thing to not think about washing pots and making sandwiches. Really,

really sticking to the plan here, but the following day, what kind a

difference do you see in Elise having had the extra sleep? I go

into her bedroom in the morning and wake her up and I would literally,

she's be like, "Go away, mummy." She clearly was so tired, she didn't

want to get up. Now she's more lively. In the morning she's

livelier, happier as a child. Jayne said to me, when you take her to

nursery, they can see a difference in her as well. She's obviously

quite tired now, rubbing her eyes, the wind down is about to happen.

Let's say a very big thank you to all of you. Elise, I know you can't

hear us, but we're waving to you now. Have a super night's sleep and

a happy mummy and daddy in the morning. That's perfect. Say

night-night. Talk us through how widespread the problems are, what

are the problems with sleeping in children. They're widespread. We did

analysis of NHS data for Panorama, and we found that admissions,

hospital admissions, for children in England under 14 with sleep problems

has tripled in ten years. It's a really big problem. Sleep

deprivation is linked to all sorts of serious things like weight gain,

your immunity is worse, you're more likely to get ill, you're more

likely to mental health problems, poor emotional control. You burst

into tears more easily and more likely to have problems with school

performance. The reasons are going to be different as children get

older, but did you look at technology? We didn't just focus on

technology. But it struck me that this is a generation that has grown

up as handling tech as part of their everyday lives. I hadn't quite

appreciated how completely tied to devices all children are now. How

about you in your house? There have been televisions in houses for 50

years, say. There was a television playing when I went to bed, at 35

years ago. We're not unused to screens. It's the interaction.

There's the dopamine feed happening, yes. I'm not in favour of having

screens in bedrooms or hand being out i pads or tablets, but there is,

issues of exercise, issues of diet changing as well. Are you aware of

the night mode on your phone? It knocks off the blue light. I didn't

realise it was there. Yes, the blue light keeps you awake. I don't think

that's enough. It's this fear of missing out, particularly with

teenagers. They can't let their phones go. Teenagers have a

different sleep cycle any way, people tend to think they're

becoming laysier. They move to more of an owl than a lark life, so we

have a tendency to be like get up at the same time. Their brains have

become more used to that. We have to leave it there for now. Thank you

very much. A big thank you to Nick, Jayne and let's hope Elise is in

bed. Sleepless Britain-Panorama, tonight 8. 30pm on BBC One. If

that's too late for you, watch it tomorrow during the day. Go to

sleep! Back to robots, Mike Dilger has been to find out how a robo bird

is helping save a real bird from extinction

The final moments of many birds' lives are spent pursued by those

above them in the food chain. For a number of British birds it's the

falcon to which they fall victim. It's a battle of life and death.

Tonight we're hoping to film it in an entirely new way, an incredible

close up from the prey's point of view. Falcons are deadly hunters, so

much so that their silhouette invokes instictive in stict

instictive fear in other birds. Filming a successful hunt can take

weeks, unless you happen to have a very special piece of kit. A fully

airborne remote-controlled bird designed to be hunted in the sky. It

was first developed for use in the Middle East, where falconry is a

tradition which goes back centuries. Historically, falcons would be

trained to hunt using live prey, specifically a species of bustard.

Today it's at risk of extinction. This robotic alternative is keeping

both the sport and the bustard alive in the Middle East. Invented by Dr

Nick Fox, this robot is called the Robara. Why have you built this

decoy in the first place? Over the years, when we're training falcons,

it's got to learn what it's supposed to hunt. We give them dumbies and

the logical thing is instead of having something on a piece of

string, you get it to fly. Falcons are precious birds. Surely they're

not harmed in any way. We've flown between 200 and 300 falcons at the

Robara and never had one injured. They treat it just like real prey.

The plan is to take our decoy with an on-board camera and fly it on top

of that hill. We'd like the shot of the tallons coming in for the kill.

But it's not going to be easy. Engineer Remy will be piloting our

decoy. But before we set off, I want to see how our robot falcon works.

The wings can flap. This is to make it really attractive for our young

falcon because it looks so real. It's quite powerful. Interesting

material it's made of. The material is like an expanded foam. It's quite

dourable, even in the hardest impacts, you don't hurt the falcon.

We're after a very specific shot with the falcon coming in for the

kill. That's going to be difficult. Yeah, we have just a really little

camera, pointed back. No guarantee we will capture the falcon. It can

come from the top or from below. After hunting for around five

minutes, a falcon will need to rest. So we've got three elite hunters who

will take turns to pursue their prey. Time to get in position, ready

for the first attempt. Let battle commence. A recent study

showed that falcons, like fighter aircraft, rarely if ever take their

eyes off the prey, once they've locked onto the tarring. -- target.

The first shots from the bird cam support that theory with an

efficient hunter's chase. But just overstepping the camera. And our

next few attempts still don't quite deliver. It's going to take some

skilful aerobatic work from Remy to line up the bird cam with the

falcon. And as the afternoon wears on, we take another throw of the

dice. Boom! It's got it. Oh, fabulous. In

the Middle East, just look at some of the other shots the robotic bird

can capture. A falcon hunting at full tilt is a

staggering spectacle, but one that's difficult to appreciate with the

naked eye. To see it in action, from this unique point of view is a

wildlife one-off. Well, never mind Robara, we have

Miro here. This is quite an unbelievable bit of technology. This

is basically a blank canvas as far as robots are concerned. The

developers have said you have a go with it, teach it to do what you

want to do, maybe remember to take your tablets, teach you a language,

put them into schools. Speakers for the ears here. The eyes have webcams

as well. Skype. You're going to see robots in homes with old people,

robots being used as companions for people with autism, for example.

Looks like you have a friend now. We discuss this a lot on Robot Wars.

One of the judges is working on a robot that's going to be sebt to

Mars ahead of a human. They're going to appear a lot more, but in a

complementary way to human. For a film about the true hero, a man who

saved thousands of lives with little more than a rubber stamp. Spies

pledged to faithfully serve their country above all else. On the eve

of World War II, one British spy broke this golden rule, he defied

official policy working in secret to save the lives of thousands of Jews

under Nazi rule. Amazingly, he did it through paperwork, while at his

desk in the Passport Office of the British Embassy in Berlin. Frank

Foley may have been an unassuming Englishman, but to many he is

Britain's Schindler. This is the statue of captain Frank Foley at his

birthplace in high bridge in Somerset. The details show the

darkness and despair of the time, as well as the glimmer of hope that

Frank Foley was able to bring to so many. His great-great nephew has

come to meet me at the old family home. You never had the opportunity

to meet Frank yourself. Your mother did. Yes. Was there anything that

she told you about him? She was quite young at the time. Frank Foley

would often come and visit. ARCHIVE: I think he was quite handsome when

he was young. But he wasn't a Bond character. He was basically the

Passport Control officer. That was the cover being the head of the

Secret Service station there. Berlin was volatile in the 1930s.

Anti-Semitism was rife. Jewish families were under continual

threat. Foley felt compelled to help the Jews, even if he had to flout

British immigration policy, newly designed to keep out large numbers

of European Jews. He was getting visas, making sure they could be

signed and sent out and so he was making sure that the documents were

there. And soon, he was doing more than just secretly stamping travel

documents. At times, he went into concentration camps with documents

that he'd received for people that had been arrested. He was able to

take them out. Foley and his wife also harboured families in their

apartment until safe to leave. But these unsanctioned actions were not

without considerable personal risk. What would have happened if he had

been caught by the Germans? I don't think he would have survived. Foley

left Berlin in 1939. He never spoke of his personal secret mission, but

it has been estimated that he saved up to 10,000 lives, one of those is

90-year-old Verner. Hello! I have someone to introduce you to. He was

a 12-year-old boy when Frank helped him to escape Nazi Germany. What was

Lykins in Cologne in the late 1930s. You lived a quiet, normal life with

friends and education. Until Kristallnacht. On November 9 and

#10, 1938, Nazi forces and civilians attacked the Jew wish population

throughout Germany, ransacking homes and burning synagogues We had to

leave our house and had to live in a Judenhous, especially for Jewish

people and hoped to get away. Without sufficient funds or travel

guaranteed to Britain, their application for a visa stalled.

Until one day, something unexpected happened. There was a letter that

came to my parents, please send your passports to Berlin for a visa to be

entered. All the time, we had been wondering, did we by any chance get

our visa by mistake? There was no mistake. Frank Foley had granted

Verner's family passage to Britain. In July 1939 they arrived on the

shores of England. Of my close family, which I left in Germany, who

did not leave, none survived the war. I can only think what happened

to them would have happened to me. Foley was recognised with the

relationshipous among the nations medal from Israel, the highest

honour it can bestow among a non-Jew. This was the medal given

posthumously. On the surface is an inscription. Whoever saves one life

is as though he has saved the entire world. Frank Foley is my life saver.

What bravery. Incredible story of Frank Foley there.

That's it for today, a huge thank you to Dara.

Robot Wars continues at 7pm Sunday on BBC Two.

We'll be back tomorrow with two actors who are about to share

a screen as well as a surname - Dame Joan Collins