21/02/2012 The One Show

Welcome to the One Show with Alex Jones and Matt Baker. Tonight's

guests have lived in the two most sought after dresses on British

telly. He spent a lot of time with the Kumars at Number 42 and she

lived above the flat above the corner shop in Coronation Street.

It's Sanjeev Bhaskar and Ayesha Dharker.

Welcome. On the whole subject of broad casts,

are we going to see any more on The Kumars? Hopefully. It would be

interesting for me to see where the family got to after six years with

the recession and change of Government and all that kind of

stuff so it's something I'm working on. We'd all love to do it again,

we had a great time doing it. of people out there will be pleased

to hear that. Ayesha, would you go back to Coronation Street because

you did live above the most famous corner shop? Yes, I think I would

go back. I think yeah. I'm very upset that def's relationship is

going so well. -- Dev. His marriage is wonderful, so there's no window

for ex-girlfriends to wander in. Better off without him, Ayesha.

know, you never know. A good man is hard to find.

Sanjeev and Ayesha are about to star in the second series of The

Indian Doctor, the story of a doctor and his wife who come from

India to work in the NHS in the '60s and find themselves posted to

rural Wales. Yes, now in real life, many doctors made the same journey.

Alex Riley meets two such men to recall the early days on the job.

On July 5th, the new National Health Service starts...

creation of the NHS in 1948 was a landmark moment in post-war Britain

with the aim of making quality health care available to all.

However, the grand ambition of universal care required more

qualified doctors than Britain could provide. The NHS had a remedy

for the problem, recruit the best and brightest doctors from the

Indian subcontinent. Hello, Mrs Adams... This doctor arrived in

Britain in 1956 from Bangalore. came to the UK because I wanted to

get a post-graduate qualification and some experience in the

hospitals here, earn some money and then go back home after three or

four years. Many of the doctors awe rivaling from tindian subcontinent

found themselves not in Britain's bustling cities but in places like

this, the Welsh Valleys. -- the Indian subcontinent. Dr Joshi

arrived in 1971 from Gujarat. me, the UK meant London or

Manchester or Birmingham. That's all I knew about the UK, I didn't

know that something like Pontypool existed. On arrival, they often

found it was very difficult and pretty impossible to get posts in

prestigious areas and so would end up where the job vacancies were

which were often in deprived rural areas. It's a culture shock. Things

were totally different, people lived and talked differently.

words you particularly struggled with? There is a place round here,

a Welsh place, difficult for me to pronounce or even spell! It wasn't

unbearably cold but what struck me first was how grey it was, there

was no sun, as back in India there was plenty of light and houses of

all colours. I grew up as a vegetarian. The only vegetarian

food I got in the hospital was lettuce, tomatoes and cheese.

The differences went much deeper than the food and the weather. This

heavily industrialised region had some of the poorest health in the

country and the doctors were faced are a range of diseases they'd

rarely enkointered before. When I worked in India, it was diseases

from malnutrition -- encount countered. You came across TB, tie

food, malaria. It was all chest diseases, heart disease, high blood

pressure and cancers which were very rare back in India. You had to

learn those things all over again and start treating them as I went

along. Some of the locals still remember their first encounter with

an Indian Doctor. Well, I suppose it was excited in one way because

it was somebody different and everybody was a bit nosey wanting

to meet him, you know. People started coming to see you, telling

you of their dark secrets, then you knew that they were treating you as

someone whom they trusted and who they felt would give them the right

advice. That's when I felt that I had arrived. These doctors from

India really contributed in a very significant way to the development

of the NHS. I think it's quite fair to say that the NHS wouldn't be

what it is today without their contribution.

Do you consider yourself as Indian or Welsh? I go to rugby matches,

associate with my friends here, I'm completely Welsh.

I certainly don't consider myself Indian, although you never lose the

feeling, when in India, I'm an Indian, but when I'm here, I'm

Welsh. Isn't that great! A lovely film, it

really is. How much of that story were you both aware of before you

started the first series? Certainly in terms of when the Indian Doctors

came over, the fact that a lot went to Wales or Scotland, the NHS was

just starting at that time so it was really to bolster all of that.

I was kind of aware of that. In terms of the difficulties they had

in terms of settling in, I had a great uncle who us - was a doctor

in and around London but he arrived in the 40s, so I used the see him

and hear his experiences. A lot of it was about wanting to integrate

enough to be able to serve the community. That's what they all

wanted to do. It's been compared to Call the Midwife, hugely successful.

Have you heard that? I haven't, no. It's obviously the period drama.

who in Call the Midwife do they think is like me then. Miranda-ish,

I don't know! Happy with that! decade later it is. In the first

series, the family settled in Wales and then they dealt with lung

disease because of the miners. What happens in series two, what can we

expect? Are we allowed to say? going to be on! The second time

around, smallpox is the big killer. There was a major outbreak in the

south of Wales. I couldn't believe that. People remembered it, the

people that we were working with remembered it. It was serious and

it took them some time to work out how the disease had come to Wales

and how it spread. Across this series, that's the big thing, the

who brought it. Also in the first episode, your mother in the series

comes over from India. She's not very impressed, is she? No. Let's

have a look. Mummy. It's been so long! I'm so excited. Hello there.

Welcome to Wales. Oi, that one as well. Don't lose any, I've counted

them. You must be exhausted. Let's get home. It's been so tiring. Such

a long journey... Sorry about that. APPLAUSE

Interestingly, your parents in real life went in the opposite direction,

from Glasgow to India? That's right, the only people to go the wrong way.

My mum grew up in Glasgow and my dad was teachingening nearing in

Glasgow university so he had grown up in Bombay but was teaching and

fell in love with my mum but one was Hindu, one was Muslim and they

had to elop to Bombay to get married. A great story? Yes -- elop.

My mum years later married a Welsh man, so I have a huge family in

Wales in Denby and three very tall Welsh brothers. That really

confuses people. Did they come down and film it to see how it was done?

No, one of my brothers visited me and they wouldn't let him in

because they didn't believe he was my brother and that was in Wales.

Have you been learning any well ,, you San Sir John Stevens have. You

have asked the crew to teach you two words every day? I have, I

thought it was the right thing to do. How is it coming along??

( SHE SPEAKS WELSH) I just asked where you film in

Wales. Yes! We know chips and beer and flowers.

If people want to see this, it's in the day time isn't it? Yes. People

were pushing for it to go prime time but it's staying with the day

time slot. Are you happy with that? Yes, it's nice to be on and

actually all credit to BBC day time for changing the way that day time

schedules are now. It's a real push for drama? Because there wasn't

drama there before. Especially now with iPlayer and people being able

to record stuff, you can find it and record it. Good stuff. Series

two of The Indian Doctor begins next Monday afternoon at 2.15 on

BBC One and carries on throughout the week.

In a few weeks, the publicly owned Forensic Science Service will close

its doors forever. In its place will be private companies hired to

analyse vital evidence from crime scenes. Simon Boazman goes to the

crime lab to investigate the changes.

We have a burglary to investigate. Go in there, collect as much

evidence as you can possibly find. Let's do it. This is not a real

crime scene. These aren't real crime scene investigators. At least

not yet. The aftermath of this house break-in is designed to look

and feel as realistic as possible. It's actually a training facility

where forensic science students at Bournemouth university perfect

their investigative skills. Gathering evidence like this can be

difficult and painstaking work, but finding that single hair, that

piece of fibre or broken glass could mean the difference between

getting a conviction or not. What you got, guys? A couple of

bits of drugs... Forensic demonstrator Alex Otto spent 11

years working as a forensic investigator for the police.

police focus on the the photography and fingerprint side of things,

whereas analysis, actual drug analysis, fibre analysis, body

fluid analysis all has to be done by a company like Forensic Science

Service. The Forensic Science Service is a Government-backed

company, providing scientific support to the English and Welsh

police. Scotland and Northern Ireland have their own publicly

funded forensic service providers. The organisation can trace its

origins as far back as the '30s and has played a key role in cracking

some notorious cases including the Soham murders and the conviction of

the Suffolk Strangler Stephen Wright. From next month, this is

going to shut, meaning the police and the private labs will have to

pick up the investigative slack. With the service losing between one

and two million a month, and at risk of falling into administration,

the Government announced its closure and the sale or transfer of

many of its operations. Toxicologist Professor David

Ossleton worked for the service for over 30 years, identifying pills

and powders like our suspected drugs find was part of his work. A

lot of stuff we have done here, if this was a real crime scene would

be done by the Forensic Science Service, so what are your concerns

about it shutting down? There will be a huge loss of expertise.

Secondly, I think the quality in the short-term is going to suffer.

The regulator of forensic science is going to put in place a number

of quality guidelines and accreditation, but that isn't ready

yet to be put into place. Thirdly, I think we are going to lose a lot

of research. Criminals are clever people. They put a lot of money

into trying to beat the science and the science has got to keep up.

New measures are due to come into force in the next few months.

Existing arrangements would flag up any problems it's believed. There

are fear fors that the accuracy and impartiality could be compromised.

In the short-term, there's a possibility there will be

miscarriages of justice, that means Newsnight people may be found

guilty and guilty people may not be caught.

There are also concerns in legal circles. If you are talking about

hiving off part of the service to the police, that causes me probably

the most concern because very certainly questions about

impartiality could arise. Association of Chief Police

Officers refute that claim. They argue that taking extra forensic

work in-house will help them become more efficient and effective in how

they investigate crime. People will say that hired company

also do the bare minimum because it's in their financial interest to

do so? What we are looking for at the end of the day is a service

that provides robust, accurate and reliable evidence and there is no

or nothing to suppose that private companies won't be able to do that.

We have to bear in mind that the Forensic Science Service itself has

been involved in a number of fairly high profile miscarriages of

justice cases. The Government says the closure of the Forensic Science

Service won't have any impact on the continued provision of high

quality effective forensic services to the criminal justice system.

Some former Forensic Science Service staff have already been

taken on by police and privats labs but by no means all of them.

Forensic Science Service was the pioneer and model for many forensic

organisations around the world. We were the envy of the world, we were

the leading organisations in the world. I think it's a very sad day

for forensic science in Jon. -- in general.

Alex Otto is here. Welcome, nice to see you. Are your students worried

about finding work with the privately-run companies or do they

seem to be doing OK? They seem to be doing OK at the moment. We have

got a few undergraduates and Masters students that have already

found positions within the forensic laboratories and in fact I wrote a

reference for one yesterday who's just about to take up a job. Things

are looking bright, good. I'm sure lots of viewers' only experience is

with things like Waking the Dead and CSI. Do you watch these

programmes with your head in your hands and think, I can't believe

how much they are getting wrong? do unfortunately. I've been told on

numerous occasions by my fiance to be quiet and shut up. We don't want

you to do that now. We are going to see a CSI clip now. Talk us through

everything that's wrong here. Here we go. Firstly, there's no lights

on. She's wandering around with a torch in her hand, walking all over

evidence. We don't know what's on the floor. But to be fair, there is

jeopardy. She even remembered to put lipstick on before going there.

She looked great though. Amazing. No white suit? No gloves, no masks.

She was investigating a crime scene, not just arriving home. It's a bit

extreme to put all that stuff on. She's had a power cut!

The next big thing in forensics is this contraption there which will

help limit the amount of contamination in a crime scene

won't it? That's right. This is basically 3D laser scanner.

Essentially it will scan a crime scene in 3D freezing it so you can

scan in into a computer, you can use measurements to measure

trajectory, look at blood splatter, that kind of thing. It's been used

in America for many years. They've had no appeals in court with it,

it's been very, very successful indeed and... This is our studio.

It's amazing that you are here today with the camera because we

had an incident earlier on. There ease Caleb, part of the production

team. It's about measurements and you can get so much information,

it's a different type of science? It is. If you can visualise a 2D

photograph, you would have to take a lot of photographs after each

other and then present them to a jury, for instance, whereas with

this, you are actually presenting the jury with a whole crime scene

with measurements, you don't have to put them in a bus or bus them

out to show them where the crime scene was, it's there in front of

them. Thank you!

The seven dwarves may have whistled while they worked but they've got

nothing on the textile workers of Dundee. Their singing kept them

moving Carrie Grant is glad to hear that the only sound left is song!

It's a pure sound and a lovely tune, but this song is a lament recalling

dark days of child labour in noisy, dirty mills.

The mills were in Dundee and they made a material used in sacking,

sandbags and the wagons of the wild west.

Demand for cheaper textiles led to a boom in the manufacturer of a new

fabric that led to thousands of workers coming into the town and

the fabric was called Jute. The raw materials were shipped in

from the Indian subcontinent, but the fibres were spun and woven into

fabric in Dundee, making the Scottish town the world Jute

capital right up until the early 20th century.

62 mills employed more than 50,000 people, many of them women and some

of them children. The work was tough, dangerous, but

they found the perfect way to brighten up their day. They sang. I

want to find out more about the music they made.

Lily Thompson and Hannah Frankenberg have between them 50

years experience of working in the Jute mills of Dundee. They remember

the awful conditions and the power of song.

Ladies, what was it like working in the mills? Smelly, noisy, dirty,

your hair was covered in dust, your clothes were covered in dust. It

was absolutely horrendous. wasn't just filthy, it was also

deafening with each factory having hundreds of machines. This is just

one. That's know someday! How did that

affect your east? -- ears? Well, Dundee must be the capital city for

hearing aids. The women sang to pass the time despite the noise.

They sang in unison. If you had all that noise, how did you manage to

sing? You can read the lips and once you

picked up part of that song, you knew what song they were singing.

The songs' lyrics accurately describe life in the mills. One of

the most poignant is called Ox Dear Me, about the shifters. They were

the people who ran about carrying things from place to place -- Oh

Dear Me. In the really bad old day, quite often it was very young

children, ten or 11 years old. It was tough work and very, very

poorly paid work. Oh, dear me, the mills are getting

fed, the wee shifters can't get near us...

The Jute mills of Dundee are now all closed, falling victim to the

cheap labour of the Far East. I joined the women singing choir,

many of whom have family links with the now dead Jute industry.

The day shifters can't get no rest,... Songs like this are a

great way of keeping in touch with our industrial traditions and they

remind us of how hard life was for many people not so very long ago.

Power ballads keep the One Show's clock turning. Anything with a

power grab! We understand that you both love a song as well, you've

both appeared in the West End. We know where this is going, Sanjeev

in Spamalot and Ayesha in Bombay Dreams. Who is the best singer?

Ayesha. And he plays an instrument. I lip sing. I'm lip singing now.

Ayesha would you give us a line from something. OK, well I'm six

months pregnant so I sing to my baby all the time. Excuses,

excuses... This poor child is sung to constantly. You are really going

to do this to me? Just a little bit. I've got sunshine on a cloudy day...

Beautiful! That is beautiful! The next line is? When it's cold

outside, I've got the month of May... We'll put you out your

misery and move on. 200,000 of us will be asked by the Office for

National Statistics how we are feeling, all part of David

Cameron's new happiness indx. You obviously are slightly embarrassed

at the moment -- index. 0 out of 10. The PM isn't the first to think

like this. In the early '30s, nearly a thousand families were put

under the mood microscope. Ruth Goodman finds out what happened.

I've come to Peckham in London to see a building that tells a

remarkable story from the '30s. It's one that might seem rather

sinister, involving hundreds of local families. In a research

project known as the Peckham Experiment. In 1935, two doctors

wanted to prove a connection between health and happiness.

we are trying to do is to find out what health is. Strangery enough,

this is the first time that's ever been tackled.

Over six years, the doctors raised enough to build a centre where they

could observe and measure the long- term well-being of a whole

community. The centre had to make people feel good, so only the very

best modernist architecture would The two doctors signed up no fewer

than 950 working families, so local they had to be within pram-pushing

distance. For a shilling a week, the families came here to enjoy

sports and leisure facilities. Christopher's family helped with

the project. When you get a project like this, full of all sorts of

equipment, this wonderful pool next door to us, but nobody tells you

what to do, that was the whole secret of it. 83-year-old Pam

remembers the place from her childhood. When her family was part

of the experiment, she remembers that. How old were you when you

first came here? Seven. A long time ago. Absolutely an amazing part of

my life actually. Yes? I was absolutely thrilled to be part of

it. I had never had any school friends, too shy, and there were so

many children here that really created a different atmosphere. It

was a Wonderland. This was the big attraction. It was

one of the largest pools in London. But all the while, the doctors were

watching the families' behaviour. remember asking my mother, why are

we going to that place and she said, because the doctors want to study

what you are doing so I went round telling people I was a human Guinea

pig. The families received no medical treatment but every year

they had to take a medical overhaul, when every aspect of their health

was examined and recorded for the research. Given the right

environment and right conditions, their idea was that health was

something which was contagious and given the right kind of society,

people will be healthy and they will exude that healthiness. This

is what the Peckham thing really tried to get across.

The extra healthy living, the centre rented its own 70 acre farm

in Kent with a herd of Jersey cows. The milk and fresh fruit and veg

was brought to the centre every day and sold in the cafe.

It was the forerunner of the organic movement.

Health through happiness was what the doctors want and that meant

having fun. The families even had their own dance band.

By 1950, excitement around the new National Health Service put the

emphasis on cure, rather than prevention, and Peckham simply ran

out of money. The whole community disappeared. Did it work? The

research data was so vast that no- one can say for sure, but the ideas

have certainly influenced thinking about patient care.

The principles of health through well-being are thriving. The

Bromley centre in East London is perhaps the best-known. It's a

health centre, a community centre and a place for education all

rolled into one. We are about empowering people to

look after themselves, not just to come to the doctor to get a

prescription or a quick fix, but to see it as a longer journey when you

begin to engage around the wider aspects of life, around the arts,

training or perhaps engaging in an employment opportunity. For us,

health is very much about the whole state of well-being that people

feel. The Peckham Experiment that

pioneered health through well-being ended 62 years ago. The centre, a

listed building, is now luxury apartments. It was decades ahead of

its time and I was privileged to be here.

Thanks for that, Ruth. About a year ago, we had the Prime Minister on

the show and asked him some of the questions from his very own

happiness survey. So we'll ask you now, Sanjeev. He average averaged 8,

the Prime Minister. Out of ten, how happy did you feel yesterday?

Forget today or the day before? About 8. A good day? Yes. Ayesha,

to what extent do you feel the things you do with are worthwhile?

When you are a pregnant lady, it's all about food. This morning it was

pancake day! So my happiness was about 11! Funny you should say that,

because Olivia is on an 11 as well at the moment. She's three and

wanted to make a pancake before the show, that was sent in from her