25/10/2016 The One Show

Hel... Hel... Dave, we have to hurry up. We are on air in five minutes.

Fearne, it is Matt Baker. How are you doing? Are you busy tonight?

Don't worry, I will find someone else. Claudia! Not to worry, your

Majesty. Not to worry! Hello and welcome to the One Show with Matt

Baker. And Alex Jones!

CHEERING I had you a bit worried there. I

might need a bit of a power surge halfway through. Now, coming up

tonight on a night we will be talking about artificial

intelligence and we will meet oneself was human who puts his own

life in danger in war zones to save the lives of others. And we will

find out what gives Team rickshaw's cross the super human spirit to

cycle 470 miles. And tonight's guests played two sisters who are

far from human. You are bad at playing. I said I didn't want to.

Did you not play when you were little? I was never little. Why are

they so scary. I think it is their plan to conquer the world and make

us slaves. Sorry, that was a joke. So you can do deadpan. That is good

to know. Please welcome the stars of Humans. It is Gemma Chan and Emily

Berrington. Did you like our little act? It was amazing! I love the

contacts they put in. They superimposed them. That is what they

do for us as well. It is someone's job to colour them in. Your

performance is on another level, it is amazing. In Humans, synths have

taken over the dirty work but that is not the case back on Earth. It

looks like many of us an aching things worse.

I am with Brett on his 20th call out to a blocked sewer this week. Time

is of the essence. The longer it stays blocked the more likely it is

the sewer will back up and believe me, nobody wants that. The blockage

is at this pumping station in West Lancashire. To get things moving

again, they have to pull the entire pump out by crane. What have we got

there? You can see there are cleaning wipes in there. That is a

wet wipe. It will drop into our well and get sucked up into the pump.

Brett shows they ran his very own blockage mountain. This is the

amount of rag we clear out three or four times daily. Of the 366,000

sewer blockages a year in the UK, 80% are caused by items being

flushed which should not be. The industry says most of those are wet

wipes. Most wet wipes and baby wipes are labelled non-flushable like

these. But in recent years there has been a growth in marketing flushable

wipes. Or at least, that is what it says on the package. Breaks down

when flushed. Flushable toilet tissue wipes. Safe for sewer and

septic tank. The brand leader is Andrex. They are now used in 3

million British homes. It seems we have taken to the wonder of wipes in

a big way. It is a growing market but it is a pain in the bum for

United Utilities manager. They are a nightmare in terms of the amount of

problems it causes and the amount of money we have to spend. How much

does it cost? In the north-west alone, ?10 million in sewage

blockages. I am going to do a test to show the problem. This is

flushable toilet tissue. And some tap water. We will take some normal

everyday toilet paper. This is kind of replicating the toilet flush.

Straightaway, you can see there is a marked difference. The toilet paper

has pulverised. In the other bottle the wipes are still intact. As a

rule of thumb, what can you flushed down the toilet and what can't you?

It is not a pleasant subject to discuss just after tea-time, but

basically he, who and paper -- pee, to and paper. So we should be

sticking to this stuff, I have come to Warrington with my own toilet. We

have non-flushable wipes, flushable wipes and toilet paper. What do

people think is okayed to flush? This is great when it is dry. I

think I will use the flushable wipes. Supposing I tell you that the

water companies say the flushable once block up the drains as well?

Well, I will just use less! It says it is flushable and then you put it

down the toilet. I choose to use that one. They are described as

flushable. But I do not flush them down the toilet. I put them in a

carrier bag and in the bin. To be labelled as flushable, wet wipes

have to pass an industry test. They say they do break down so they are

fine to be flushed. There are a lot of materials down the sewer which

should not be there in the first place. That is why you get these

blockages. We know that flushable wipes go through rigorous testing so

when we say they are flushable they are flushable. Andrex stand by their

claim when used responsibly. But the UK water industry has its own

testing standard which is different to that of the wipes industry and is

adamant that no wet wipes are flushable. This week, they have

called on Trading Standards to ban the term flushable. While the wet

wipes in slugs it out with the water companies, we could make it a whole

lot easier for Brett and his pals if we binned it rather than flushed it.

Direct hot topic here. I said wet wipes and you said, don't flush

them! Where are we, Lucy? The water companies do not want them down the

loo and the companies say they are flushable. It is confusing. It goes

back to the test we saw in the film. They are grossly tested but perhaps

to rigorously. The test the industry does is shake them violently water

for ten minutes. And how we actually use them, the water companies say,

they do a rigorous circuit of the toilet bowl and then they go

straight into the sewerage so it is not the same. What we are seeing

now, that water company in the film is not the only one which has an

issue with these things. Wessex water said they had 13,000 call-outs

for blockages last year. Two thirds of that they think is because of the

wipes. They have combined with conservation organisations and they

have taken this to Trading Standards. This follows on from the

US where the city of Wyoming has actually launched a class action

against the manufacturers to say you cannot call them flushable because

in our opinion they are not. I am not saying we will do that here but

watch this space. Like some of these wipes it is not going to go away.

Thank you. So, Humans, just to change the

subject completely! The second series starts on Sunday. If anybody

didn't catch the first one, can you bring us up to speed and set the

scene and tell us what it is all about? So in series one you are

introduced to the world of humans which is a parallel world. It looks

very much like our own. The only difference is we have highly

advanced humanoid robots who do all the work that humans do not want to

do any more. They are completely accepted as part everyday life. You

have met all these characters in it. Some of us are scented. Some of us

are different, special. We play two of them who are sentience and have

feelings and emotions of a human but within a synthetic body. Do is

pretty ground-breaking stuff because it was the most successful series on

Channel 4 for 20 years so the new series is hotly contested. At the

start of the series near and the other synths are hiding in plain

sight. We have been safe here for months, making at home. Hiding, we

always have. Someone will see through the dumb synth act. Nope, we

don't. We will have to survive and I want to be around people. I want to

find out who I am, Leo. Not what I was made for, but who I might

become. APPLAUSE

As we said earlier, the performances are brilliant because it is ever so

subtle. How did you perfect your synth? We have synth school which

was a week before the first series started filming and then we had a

refresher school this summer. What lessons do you learn? There is only

one and it is how to be a synth. It is run by Dan O'Neill who is our

amazing movement choreographer. With us, he developed this method of

movement from scratch really. We worked on it together. How would you

start? The first lesson, what happens? We work from first

principles which is every movement of these machines makes users up

battery power so there are no extraneous movements. There is a

reason why you do everything that you do, it comes down to economy. It

becomes very efficient and graceful. We learned from scratch, how to

walk, how to stand up and sit down. We also learned what leads the

movement. We decided with these machines, it is the opposite of

movement. With a synth, the eyes need the movement. So if you're

going to turn, the eyes go first and then the head and then the body. Was

it quite tiring? I found it quite tiring. No slouching. I thought my

head was going to explode! You are thinking about it consciously. And

when you are doing a scene where you have something emotional going on

and you have to restrain our body language and we move our hands in

real life when we talk but there is none of that. You cannot cry. They

have to cut. No crying, no blinking, no breathing. We have seen some

footage of you meeting a robotic version of yourself because you did

a documentary after the first series? I have done, yes. That must

have been weird. They made you as a robot. It was completely bonkers.

This is for a documentary which will be on Saturday night called How to

build a human. It is about the potential of AI. We did an

experiment to see if we could build a robotic version of me. And they

did. She is out of a job now! They will make you guys next! In the

meantime, you are doing a play called Dead Funny. It was the first

time I have been on a motorbike. They brought me here on a motorbike

and then I will be going back. It is on at the Vaudeville Theatre.

Katherine Parkinson is also on it from Humans. What is it about? It is

a dark comedy about relationships with people who love dead British

comedians. And series two of Humans starts this Sunday at nine o'clock

on Channel 4. As the conflict in Syria continues

and hospitals are under fire, most of us are watching the news with a

real sense of powerlessness. But something is being done and we are

about to meet the man who is doing more than most. This is David. He is

helping surgeons in Syria with simple Skype technology from his

home here. Before we hear about his life-saving work, let's find out

what makes him tick. I'm Dr David Knott, and I spent most

of my life as a vascular surgeon in the NHS, but recently I have been

taking unpaid leave to try to help save lives in war zones. Between

2012 and 2014, I travelled to Syria where civilians have been targeted

more than in any other conflict I have seen. It's a long way from

Manchester University where I trained in the early 1980s. My

goodness, 25 years since I have been here. Today I am returning to my old

medical school to deliver a Shanghai Masters live lecture to the students

here. But a quick trip to wear my training began, in the quiet of the

library. -- 81 show live lecture. I was always surrounded by medical

things, and I used to go at a young age with my dad into the operating

theatre, and I was absolutely amazed what my father can do, actually

operate on people and fix their fractures and bones. It was just

something that really excited me. I spent many hours here studying

textbooks, but it was next door at the accident and emergency

department of Manchester Royal Infirmary that I got my first

hands-on experience of fixing people. We had lots of stabbings

from offside, lots of people involved in car accidents and blunt

trauma. You need to make sure that you are treating the patient to the

best of your abilities, and you have to make very snapped decisions on

patients, it is very good experience for the future. But it wasn't all

work. This is the house I lived in with Lucy, Charlie and Johnny when

we were all medical students. What did they think of me back then? You

weren't always terribly conventional, but you had your mind

and you would do what you wanted to do. Our studies were all consuming,

and we hardly gave a thought to the world beyond Manchester. I don't

remember having serious discussions about world affairs, it was more

about what we were doing on Saturday night. We didn't even pick up a

newspaper. Some people have a clear career path when they go to

university. I didn't sense that from you, but I sense that you were

committed to working hard on what you had to do. So what did inspire

me to work in war zones when I was studying here? My dad used to come

and visit me quite often, and one day he said to me, come and see a

film, so the two of us went down to Dean skate to see the Telling

Fields, and that film changed my life. We have only had one unit of

blood in the last two days. I saw what it was like to be working

in a war zone, and from that moment on, I wanted to be working in that

hospital, in that war zone, for the rest of my life. That film lit a

spark in me which took me first to Sarajevo in 1993, and then onto many

more places where conflict rains. And most recently, that has meant

Syria. There were barrel bombs being dropped by the Syrian regime, and

most patients were coming in covered in dust, they had inhaled dust, and

if you could operate on them, they would not pull through because their

lungs were full of dust. All wars are sorted out politically, and all

you can do until the politics is sorted out is to provide

humanitarian care to the people. You are the generation that will follow

me, and you will go out and do this sort of work if you really want to.

When I first went, I wasn't well trained at all, and I didn't

understand trauma. Nowadays we understand it more. The spark that

was in my heart is still there, and it is still burning very strong. So

there is nothing I can say, what I have done anything different or

whatever, probably not. But I would probably have spent more time in the

medical school library perhaps. Thank you very much for listening to

me. APPLAUSE

David, thank you for joining us. It is not often you get the chance to

look at over your life, because we are always concentrating on the

present. It was traumatic how you did that, because you came out of

the blue and rang me up and said, would you like to go back in time?

And it was fantastic to see my student friends, go to that student

house. 23 years you have spent in war zones, saving many, many lives.

That talk about a few of them, start with the story of the seven-year-old

girl in Gaza. I was working for the Red Cross in Gaza in 2014 and it was

a whole three weeks of hell, basically. At the time, I was

working in this hospital, and a little girl came in who was seven

who had a really significant, serious injuries. At the time, I

hadn't got a wife or any parents or family, and I was about to start

operating on her, and she came in with terrible fragmentation wounds,

so I prepared her for the theatre, and suddenly someone came in and

said, David, we have to leave now because the hospital is going to be

blown up in five minutes. And I did think, am I going to leave this

little girl to die on the operating table? So I made a conscious effort

in my mind that I wasn't going to leave her. So I said to the

anaesthetist who was working for the Red Cross, do you want to leave

shall we both stay? And he said, I will stay with you. So everybody had

run out, and there were just two of us in the operating theatre, so I

decided to prepare the patient, and we were just waiting for this bomb

to go off, but it didn't. And so we finished the operation, and she did

very well, she survived, and I had my photograph taken with her. It was

a great moment. As you said then, you had no family of your own, but

then your situation changed, you have a wife now the child, so these

days you help surgeons remotely from home by using social media. WhatsApp

is one of your favourite tools, isn't it? We have some of your

messages here. Talk us through this. I was in Syria in 2013 and 2014, and

trained a lot of surgeons there, so most of the surgeons in Aleppo I

have trained and they know me well. They constantly contact me all the

time, so for the past 18 months or so I have been giving them advice by

WhatsApp, and this came on while I was having a meal somewhere, and it

came on, so underneath the table I was texting them back to do what

they could do with their patient. It must never stop. You can see the

times, they are like court at midnight, quarter past midnight.

This gentleman had a gunshot wound to his neck, and they were not sure

what to do, so I gave them the advice about how to do it, and he

survived. You have found a good use of social media! Remarkable. And we

were talking on the way in about Skypad how you use Skype. So you are

at home consulting. I wasn't actually at home, I was in my office

in the hospital, and so I have access to computers etc. So they

sent me a message today, it David, we have a patient who has his jaw

blown off, how can we deal with it? It is complicated and difficult, but

I decided to help them through their operation using Skype, so with the

use of a selfie stick, I was promoted into the operating theatre

in front of this patient, and advised them with my voice where to

make the incisions, how to bring up a special flap to cover the jaw and

everything else, and it was an amazing thing to be able to do, and

the patient did very well, and after about two weeks, I have another

video of him that he sent me and he was putting his fingers over his

trackie to me and saying, thank you very much. So it was a beautiful and

wonderful thing to do. We know you do a lot of teaching as well all

over the world to try to pass on your expertise. Thank you so much

for coming and seeing us tonight. I'm sure David will have inspired a

lot of your time, and there are six other inspiring individuals that we

will be getting to know across the autumn, and they are members of Team

Rickshaw. They each have their own moving reasons for wanting to take

part in the challenge. Tonight, it is Ross's story.

I'm Ross. I'm from Sunderland, and I'm training for the Rickshaw

Challenge. I have my mum, my brother and the best Obinna world. This is

my bedroom, and this is my Lego collection, the Ghostbusters. This

is the picture that my dad got for my birthday. I have been on one of

these lorries, and I can't even drive a car because of my

disability. Growing up, he was fiercely

independent, a lovable character, really chatty. Just a normal little

boy, really. When he was six, we took into a soft play, and he

literally fell over and he just was staring, and we got nothing out of

him, there was no response. And I said, this isn't right, so I took

into casualties, and that is when we found out that he had epilepsy, and

he had it all over his brain. Eye rake lies the effect on my life -- I

realised the effect on my life, and I am having black shadows coming in

my head, so it is just like me feeling things running through my

head. A few weeks ago, between midnight and five o'clock in the

afternoon, he had 34 seizure activities. He can have drop

attacks, they happen on the stairs, they happen in the bathroom. His

house is the worst place for him, because he is so comfortable and he

doesn't have to concentrate. He has broken his collarbone, cut his nose,

got stitches. He only has a vision in one eye because he had a seizure

when he was holding a glass, and it went into his face. You want to

protect your child, and yet for us this is the worst place, his home.

Since we are at home, if we go out, people stare at us, which I get

annoyed with. Only because I am wearing one thing that looks

different. It is only a helmet. What is the difference? He gets

frustrated because he has never had that independents where he can

literally just go to the shop or go to the cinema or go to town. So that

is really hard. He just wants to be like anyone else. Has anybody got

any news? Anything they want to say. Blue watch are you centre in

Sunderland. We offer a club that anybody with disability. Ross came

was three and a half years ago, he came in with very little confidence

or self-esteem. He is now a group leader, he has thrived more than we

could ever have hoped that he would thrive. Just listen to what Ross has

to say. I am going to do the Rickshaw Challenge for Children in

Need. Going to Blue Watch, they have got me to ride a bike again. I don't

care what the weather is, whether it is windy, rain or not, dark, I just

want to go on the bike. I am so proud, because I think, it is

really, really easy for somebody who has a disability justified within

themselves, but he is very willing and wants to try new things, and I

think he will smash the challenge. His view is, let's show them I can

do it. Come on, everybody, dig deep and give to the Rickshaw Challenge!

He has got spirit in spades, that light. It is hard to imagine what he

and the rest of his family have been through. Dig deep and show them and

the rest of Team Rickshaw your support.

You have seen the information already, you can donate by text:

Those texts will cost your donation plus your standard network message

charge, and all of your donation will go to BBC Children in Need. You

must be 16 or over. For full terms and conditions, please go to

bbc.co.uk/Pudsey where you can also donate online if you want to give a

different amount. The lines are open now so pick up your phone and start

texting. That is all we have got time for tonight, a big thank you to

Gemma and Emily. The second series of Humans starts on Sunday at nine

o'clock. We will be back with Harry A stone stained with blood

and beset with a curse.