Eggs and Bread Do You Know?

# There are lots of things all around us

# Exciting things that surround us

# But how does it work?

# Do you know?

# How is it made?

# Do you know?

# Things that go up Things that go down

# Things that go pop Things that go round

# With special cameras to show you inside

# It's going to be a big surprise

# But how does it work?

# Do you know?

# How is it made?

# Do you know?

# Do you know? #

Let's find out!

Hello, I'm Maddie.

Today, I'm in the kitchen, about to cook up something to eat.

One of my favourite things to cook are eggs. Do you like eggs?

One of the best things about eggs

is there's loads of different ways to cook them.

You can boil them, fry them, scramble them, or,

my favourite, poach them.

Have you noticed that no matter how you cook them,

they always go from this, a clear, runny liquid

with a yellow blob in the middle,

to this, something that's hard and white?

How does an egg work, and do you know where eggs come from?

Let's find out.

You can buy eggs in all sorts of places -

the supermarket, your local shop, or even an egg farm, like this.

But do you know which animal most eggs come from?

That's right, chickens!

CLUCKING

Listen to the sound they're making.

It's like a little cluck-cluck-cluck-cluck.

It's actually quite noisy.

CLUCKING

Let's go see where these chickens lay their eggs.

Excuse me!

Hello, girls.

This is a chicken coop,

and it's where the chickens live and lay their eggs.

This chicken here is making some rather funny noises.

SOFT WHISTLING

So I think she might be about to lay an egg.

Let's go around the side and see if we can find it.

Oh! The chickens have been busy.

Look how many eggs they've laid! Aren't you clever, girls?

Let's collect some of these and take them home.

Now you know where eggs come from,

but why do the inside of eggs go hard and white when you cook them?

Do you know? Let's find out.

To show you how this turns into this, we need to get cooking.

So let's crack a new egg into the poaching pan.

Remember, if you want to cook anything at home,

always get a grown-up to help you.

There are two parts to an egg.

This clear bit around the side is called the egg white,

and the yellow blob in the middle is called the egg yolk.

Keep an eye on them as they cook and watch what happens.

We're speeding this up a bit so you can see it happen.

Can you see how quickly the clear, gooey bit is going white

and the yellow bit in the middle, the yolk, is changing too?

It's gone quite firm. It took just a few minutes to cook,

but what's going on inside the egg to make it go white and hard?

To find out, we need to take a closer look.

Here comes a chicken.

Inside the chicken, a little egg grows.

It gets bigger and bigger until it pops out.

Thank you!

The egg is cracked into the pan.

Inside egg whites and yolks are lots of very,

very tiny things called proteins floating in liquid.

They are so tiny we can't see them with our eyes.

Each protein is twisted and curled up.

When the egg is heated, the proteins start to uncurl and join together.

As the egg gets hotter and the chains join up,

they make a crisscross pattern which traps the liquid inside.

As this happens, the egg turns white and the yolk goes hard.

How brilliant is that? All of that going on inside one egg.

Well, I've got one egg for my tea, but I think I want two.

So let's cook another one, but this time, use my special camera.

This is a thermal camera, and it shows me

what's hot and what's cold using different colours.

Let's heat this egg up and see what it looks like.

And wow!

You can see that the flame is white.

That's because it's super, super hot.

And the egg inside is blue.

That's because I've only just put it in, so it's still cool.

Let's keep an eye on it and see if this egg changes colour

as it gets hotter and hotter.

You can see the outside of the egg is turning yellow

because as it's cooking, it's getting warmer.

The inside of the egg is still blue because it's not cooked yet,

so it's still cold.

Come on, yolk, catch up!

And, just a few moments later, the egg is now all yellow and green,

which means it's warm and almost cooked.

All of those proteins will be uncurling

and forming the crisscross pattern that traps the water droplets.

And if I have a look at it,

the egg's gone white and the yolk has gone firm.

That means it's cooked and ready to eat.

What was your favourite bit about seeing how an egg works?

Do you remember what happened to the egg as it was cooking?

It went hard and white.

Did you hear the clucking sound the chickens made?

CLUCKING

And did you see my thermal camera

showing the egg turning from blue to yellow

and green as it was cooked?

Mm! My eggs are yummy.

The next time you have eggs, or you see eggs being cooked,

you'll know just what's going on inside them.

I don't know about you, but when I have eggs I like to have toast.

It's just bread that's been popped in the toaster

or under the grill for about a minute

until it's crunchy and hard, like this.

So, you know how toast is made, but what about the bread?

Do you know how bread is made? Let's find out.

This is a bakery.

There are lots of different types of bread made here,

and the main ingredient is flour.

So I've come to a mill. And here, they make flour.

But this flour here is made from a plant that's grown on farms.

It's called wheat, and this is called an ear of wheat.

Inside this bit at the top we find some grains.

And these grains are taken into the mill to be turned into flour.

First, the grains are crushed by rollers into smaller pieces.

This is called milling.

Next, the milled grains go through this strange-looking machine.

It's called a sifter.

It works a little bit like a sieve you might have at home,

only this one is a giant, wobbly box!

It gets rid of all of the roughage and leaves only the soft flour.

And here we have the finished flour straight from the sifter.

It's lovely, light and soft.

The flour is loaded into a lorry called a tanker

through this big, yellow tube.

Then it'll be driven off to the bakery,

ready to be turned into a loaf of bread.

And this is the bakery.

The tanker is off-loading the flour

into these enormous containers called silos.

There are smaller silos which contain the other ingredients -

salt mixed with water, vegetable fat and yeast.

Do you know what yeast is?

Well, it's a special ingredient that helps make bread rise.

It works best when it's kept nice and warm.

All of the main ingredients come into the bakery through pipes

in the ceiling and then they go through a giant mixer.

Ha! Look at that! A huge ball of bread dough just plopped out!

That would make one enormous loaf of bread, wouldn't it?

The dough goes into this machine to be divided.

Each chunk makes one loaf.

If you've ever made bread at home,

you'll know you have to do something called kneading.

Kneading is when you use the heel of your hand

to press and stretch the dough.

It makes it stretchy and elastic, which helps the bread to rise.

Kneading takes quite a long time,

so the bakery have come up with this clever

cone-shaped machine to do the job quickly.

Look how fast the dough is whizzing around the machine, being kneaded!

My special camera lets us see things in slow motion,

so we can see in detail

how the kneading machine twists and turns the bread.

Look how the machine rolls the dough.

It looks like a football.

Once the pieces of bread dough have been kneaded, they need to rest.

And this stage is called proofing.

And it happens here, on these moving shelves.

During proofing, the special ingredient, yeast,

starts to work to make the dough rise.

After about eight minutes the dough is dropped onto

these conveyor belts, where it goes to get rolled.

Proofed dough goes through a series of rollers,

where it's shaped and rolled to be the right length.

They look a bit like sausages, don't they?

From here, the dough is dropped into baking tins

and continues along the conveyor belt to another machine,

which gently warms the dough.

This makes the yeast work a second time

so that the bread rises again.

Here the bread comes now.

Can you see how much bigger each loaf is?

The yeast has worked inside the dough to make it rise.

The dough is almost ready to be baked,

but there's just time for a few finishing touches.

That might be a dusting of flour on top,

or, in this case, a sprinkling of seeds.

The loaves are heading into this enormous oven.

It's 39 metres long, and that's the same as four buses.

The loaves stay in the oven for around 25 minutes,

and then they come out here.

Can you see they've turned a lovely golden-brown colour?

PFFT-PFFT!

Can you hear that noise?

That's the sound of the loaves being sucked out of the baking tins.

It sounds a bit like a steam train, doesn't it?

The finished loaves are cooled, sliced...

..put in packets...

..and then taken in crates to the warehouse.

Just look how much bread there is.

It takes four hours to make a loaf of bread here,

and now it's ready to go to the shops

for people like you and me to buy and eat. Yum!

What did you like most about seeing how bread is made?

Can you remember the main ingredient of bread that comes from wheat?

That's right, it's flour.

Did you hear the machine that sucks up the loaves from the tins?

PFFT-PFFT!

And did you see the kneading machine slow down on my special camera?

So, the next time you sit down to eat some bread,

you'll know just how it's made.

And you also know what happens inside an egg when it's cooked.

I'm going to take this freshly-made loaf home with me for my lunch.

I'll see you next time.

# There are lots of things all around us

# Exciting things that surround us

# But how does it work?

# Do you know?

# How is it made?

# Do you know?

# Do you know? #

Let's find out!