Igloo Nina and the Neurons

# If you've got a question And you don't know where to go

# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show

# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans

# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs

-# Touch your tongue

-Tongue

-# Fingers

-Fingers

-# Eyes

-Eyes

-Ears

-Ears

-# Nose

-Nose

# Nina and the Neurons Find out what you need to know

# Nina and the Neurons Find out what you need to know

# Luke he helps us with our eyes And Felix with our touch

# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents And Belle she hears so much

# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste

# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place

-# Touch your tongue

-Tongue

-# Fingers

-Fingers

-# Eyes

-Eyes

-Ears

-Ears

-# Nose

-Nose

-# Nina and the Neurons find out What you need to know

-Yeah!

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Oh, yeah! #

And...

Snip! Hee-hee! Oh, hello there.

I'm trying to make all these snowflakes a little bit

different, just like real snowflakes.

Oh!

Oh, wow! Isn't it beautiful?!

BEEPING

Oh, I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.

-BOTH: Hi, Nina!

-Hi!

-We've got a question for you.

-Are igloos cold inside?

Oh, that's a great question! Are igloos cold inside?

Well, igloos are built out of freezing cold snow.

I wonder if that makes them feel cold inside.

Come down to my workshop and we'll investigate.

BOTH: See you soon, Nina. Bye!

Bye!

I'm going to need some help to answer this one

and I know just who to ask.

OK, Neurons, time to get to work.

ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina!

OK, today's question is are igloos cold inside?

Which Neuron will be most useful in helping us find the answer?

It's Felix!

CHEERING

ALL: Go, Felix! Go, Felix! Go, Felix!

Go, Felix! Go, Felix! Go, Felix!

Go, Felix!

Marvellous! A little touch can mean so much, Nina.

Today's question is are igloos cold inside?

Now, we can feel if something is cold,

so Felix, my touch Neuron, will be helping today.

Stand by, Neurons, I've a feeling I may need help from all of you.

I need to get the workshop ready before the experimenters arrive.

Ethan likes playing with his friends.

Eva likes sweetcorn.

But they both want to know are igloos cold inside?

So today, for one day only, Ethan and Eva become the experimenters!

-Hi, guys.

-BOTH: Hi, Nina.

Welcome to my workshop

and thank you for your great question, are igloos cold inside?

First, let's have a look at a photograph of an igloo.

People build igloos in incredibly cold places.

-What do you think they are made of?

-Ice.

Well, igloos are actually built from very hard blocks of squashed snow.

Now, is snow warm or cold?

Cold.

Brrrr. That must be like sitting in a freezer.

You'd think so, Felix.

Even though igloos are made from cold snow,

the inside of an igloo can actually get quite nice and warm.

To find out how this can happen,

I think we need to find out more about snow.

So let's do an experiment!

ALL: Whoop-whoop! An experiment!

We're ready, Nina!

When snowflakes fall they join together to make snow.

We're going to make these snowflakes fall onto this grass

to make a big pile of snow.

Three, two, one, snow!

That's it.

Lovely.

Drop them like it's snowing.

So can you see any gaps in between the snowflakes?

BOTH: Yes.

Let's try piling them up and pushing them together.

OK, go for it!

That's it, make one big pile of snow.

What about now, can you still see any gaps?

BOTH: Yes.

Yes, I can still see little gaps between the snowflakes.

That's right. Even though we packed the snowflakes together,

there are still little gaps in between the snowflakes.

This is what happens with real snow too.

You see, snowflakes are pointy shaped,

so they don't fit together perfectly.

It means there are always little gaps in between them.

These gaps are filled with something that we can't see.

Can you guess what that might be?

-Air.

-That's right!

Air is an invisible gas which is all around us.

When it snows, air gets trapped in the millions of little

spaces in between the pointy snowflakes.

It's this trapped air that makes snow a good insulator.

That's a big word, Nina. Insulator!

Well done, Bud!

An insulator is something that heat can't pass through easily.

The snow the igloo is made from works like a big puffy jacket.

It traps lots of air that heat can't pass through easily

and keeps the people inside it warm, even though it's cold outside.

Igloos can keep people warm because snow is a good insulator.

Pointy snowflakes trap air in between them

and that stops the heat escaping.

But where does the heat inside the igloo come from, Nina?

Good question, Belle.

How can there be heat inside an igloo in such a cold snowy place?

I think we need to go somewhere hilly and chilly to find out.

Here we go! I can't wait to see where we'll end up today!

Nina said it was somewhere hilly and chilly.

Maybe it's an icy toboggan run. Whee-hee!

Or maybe we're going to eat a mountain of ice cream!

I'm sorry, but I can't smell any ice cream, Bud.

Oh!

Well, we're here, Neurons and it's certainly chilly. Brrrrr.

So we've come to an indoor ski slope for our next experiment.

Even though we're all wearing warm clothes,

-it doesn't feel very warm in here, does it?

-No, it's freezing!

It's definitely freezing, Nina. I can feel it.

If only there was a special house to keep us warm!

-There's an igloo over there, Nina.

-What?!

Hey, well, that's very handy!

Let's take shelter in here.

So we want to know where the warmth from the inside of

an igloo comes from.

-It doesn't feel very warm in here at the moment, does it?

-BOTH: No.

It feels about the same temperature as it is outside.

Do you think you'd want to stay in here all night?

-No, it'd be too cold.

-Oh, no, I wouldn't be able to sleep a wink.

Actually, if we stay in here for a little bit longer,

something interesting might happen.

We are going to look at ourselves in this special camera to see why.

This special camera helps us to see hot or cold.

Wow!

Even I can't see that.

If something is cold it looks purple

but if something is warm it looks bright red or white.

-What colour is the area around us?

-Blue.

Yes, it looks dark blue because outside is colder.

What colour does my face look like?

-Bright red.

-Yeah!

Our faces are bright red because they are warm.

We might not feel very warm but this camera is showing

that our bodies are giving off heat.

Ha-ha! Nina's head looks like a big juicy tomato.

Where do you think that heat's going?

Into the air.

Yes, the heat from our bodies is spreading out into the cold air

around us, warming it up.

We discovered earlier that snow is a good insulator,

so do you think these snow walls will be keeping the warmed air in

-or letting it escape?

-Keeping it in.

-You're right.

The warmth from our bodies heats the air inside the igloo

and it's not able to escape.

If we stayed in here all night, our bodies would keep making heat,

warm the air around us and keep the igloo warm inside.

So heat from our bodies warms up the cold air inside the igloo.

The snow walls do a brilliant job of keeping it inside.

That's right, Neurons!

This brilliant snowy building helps to keep us warm in another way, too.

I think we need to go back to the workshop for one final experiment.

Igloos aren't just good at keeping heat in,

they're also built to do something else, too.

Let's do an experiment to find out more.

I've got some fans here. I'm going to turn them on

and I want you guys to tell me how it makes you feel.

Here we go.

Now, do they make you feel warm or cold?

-BOTH: Cold.

-Brrrrr. That's cold!

Yes, we feel cold because the wind from the fan

is blowing the heat away from our bodies.

That's what happens when the real wind blows outside.

We call it wind-chill and it can make you feel

really cold, really quickly.

Oh, that's better!

Now, the thick walls of the igloo are really good at keeping

the wind out, but there is one place where the wind can get in.

Have a look at igloo. Where do you think that might be?

-The door.

-Well, let's see.

OK, experimenters, I want you to go inside the igloo

and I'm also going to pop this windmill in with you, too,

and I want you guys to watch what happens to the windmill

when I turn the fans on.

Time to go inside the igloo. Go for it.

And I'll pop the windmill in.

What's happening to the windmill?

-It's moving.

-Yes, the wind is blowing straight into the igloo,

which wouldn't be very good if you were trying to keep warm, would it?

This time let's try a tunnel.

So it's a bendy tunnel.

-So what's happening to the windmill now?

-It's not moving.

That's because this bend is helping to keep the wind out.

Even though the wind is blowing through the tunnel,

it can't get round the corner into the igloo.

# Nina and the Neurons. #

Your question was are igloos cold inside?

And I think we've answered it.

We found out that igloos are made from blocks of squashed snow.

-Which is a good insulator.

-Air trapped in the snow stops the heat

made by our bodies from escaping through the walls.

The igloo walls also protect us from the cold wind outside.

And the bendy tunnel at the door keeps out cold draughts.

I hope that's answered your question.

BOTH: Thanks, Nina! Bye!

You're welcome! Bye!

If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,

go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website.

Have fun!

# Super structures Super structures

# Super structures Super structures

# Super structures

# Some of them are tall Some of them are wide

-# They're bumpy, lumpy, wiggly, too

-Wiggly, too

# Some of them are strong Some of them are small

# Like me!

# They're windy, whirly whooshy, too

# All around Look over here

# Build it, stack it, pile it up

# Come on, let's get building

-# Building,

-building,

-building

# Race it, hold it, make it stick

# Come on, let's get building

# Come on, let's get building

# Some of them are cosy warm Some of them are chilly

# Keep us safe and hide us, too

# Hide us, too

# Some of them are just for fun Or help us to stay dry

# They're underground And high up, too

# Look around Over here

# Build it, stack it, pile it up

# Come on, let's get building

-# Building,

-building,

-building

# Race it, hold it, make it stick

# Come on, let's get building

# Come on, let's get building! #

And remember, there are super structures everywhere.

Whether they're big or small, wide or tall, we can all get building.

See you again soon. Bye!

-ALL: Bye!

-Get building!