Glass Nina and the Neurons

# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go

# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show

# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans

# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs

-# Touch your tongue

-Tongue!

-# Fingers

-Fingers!

-# Eyes.

-Eyes!

-Ears.

-Ears!

-Nose.

-Nose!

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch

# Ollie sniffs out smells And Belle, she hears so much

# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste

# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!

-# Touch your tongue

-Tongue!

-# Fingers

-Fingers!

-# Eyes.

-Eyes!

-Ears.

-Ears!

-Nose.

-Nose!

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Oh, yeah! #

Oh! Oh, hello! This is heavy, I think I'll put it down.

-GLASS SMASHES

-Oh, no!

Oh, clumsy me. I've broken the glass in my watch.

It's not gone everywhere. I'll have to be careful when I clean up.

BEEPING

I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.

BEEPING

-Hi, Nina!

-Hi, guys!

We've got a question. How do you make glass strong?

How do you make glass strong?

It takes some very clever engineering.

Why don't you come down and we'll investigate?

-See you soon, Nina. Bye!

-Bye!

Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one

and I know just who to ask. OK, Neurons, time to get to work.

ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina!

OK, today's question is how do you make glass strong?

Which Neuron will be most useful in helping us find the answer?

ALL: Me! Me! Me! Me!

Will it be fabulous Felix?

I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.

Will it be beautiful Belle?

I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.

Will it be lovely Luke?

For looking and seeing, day or night,

I'll help you with your sense of sight.

Will it be awesome Ollie?

If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,

-my messages help your sense of smell.

-Or will it be baby Bud?

Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!

-CHEERING

-It's Luke!

ALL: Go, Luke! Go, Luke! Go, Luke!

Cool, Nina. I'll be looking out to help you!

Today's question is how do you make glass strong?

As glass is something you look through, Luke will be helping us.

But, Neurons, I have a feeling I may need help from all of you.

Right, I need to get the workshop ready before the engineers arrive.

Molly likes CBeebies. Aisha loves the beach. Suli loves football.

I dropped a jar and it smashed.

-Some buildings are made of glass.

-How do you make glass strong?

So, for one day, they become the engineers!

-Hi, guys.

-ALL: Hi!

-Welcome to my workshop.

Thanks for your great question - how do you make glass strong?

To find the answer, let's use our senses!

ALL: Woo! Woo! A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina!

So, here we have a glass.

-It's called a glass because it's made out of...

-Glass!

Glass, that's right! Look at this wooden cup.

Which one do you think would make the best window?

If they look closely, the answer to that should be very clear.

-Glass.

-The glass! Yes, you're right. The glass is see-through.

Glass lets light through, so it's good for windows.

Imagine if the windows in your house were made out of wood.

It would be good because it wouldn't break if a ball hit it,

-but what would it be like to have wood for windows?

-Very dark.

Yes, you're right!

So, we know that glass is useful, but it breaks really easily.

So, how can we make it stronger and difficult to break?

Let's try an experiment!

In front of us, we have some pieces of cardboard.

Let's see how strong it is!

Let's start by giving it a twist. Woo!

And pull... And bend it.

Oh, and finally, let's try and rip it.

Oh, and you go...

Yay! Oh! I mean, oh, dear!

There it goes! I definitely heard a big r-r-r-rip!

-The cardboard wasn't very strong.

-No, Nina.

Let's see if we can make it stronger.

So, instead of using one piece of cardboard, let's try three!

And put them one on top of the other, like this.

It's a bit like a sandwich! A sandwich is made in layers.

A sandwich! I'd have a layer of bread, then a layer of cheese,

then a layer of bread again! Yummy!

Let's hold the three layers of card and try and do what we did before.

So, let's start with twisting!

Oh! And pull.

And bend it!

Woo! And finally, let's try and rip it!

Oh, oh...

Ha-ha...

You can stop, guys.

-The cardboard was harder to bend, twist and rip this time.

-Yeah.

And that's because we added layers to it.

One way to make something stronger

is to make it thicker by adding layers.

Maybe engineers have done this with glass too?

Let's go somewhere where they've made glass very strong.

Here we go! I can't wait to see where we'll end up today.

Nina said, it was somewhere where they've made glass very strong.

I bet it's not as strong as me! I'm a super-strong taste bud!

-That's right, Bud.

-Shh, everyone! We're here!

What an amazing building! And did you notice what's up near the top?

-There's lots of glass.

-Yes, and it's a very special strong glass.

Let's go inside and have a closer look.

-So, what can you see that's made of glass?

-All the windows.

You're right, but let's take a look at the floor.

-This building even has a glass floor!

-Wow!

It's see-through! You can see right the way down to the ground!

-We're so high up!

-A bit too high for my liking!

-Shall we walk on it?

-Yeah!

Remember, this is special glass.

It's not like normal glass, so don't try this at home.

It's holding us up! This glass is very strong, isn't it?

-But I think we need to test it more! Shall we jump up and down?

-Yeah!

OK, three, two, one, jump! Ohhh...

ALL LAUGH

OK, stop jumping!

It still didn't break! Engineers have made this glass so strong

that it can easily hold us without breaking.

But, how do they do it? Let's go and have a look.

Here's some glass like the very strong glass in the floor.

-What do you notice about it?

-Layers!

Just like we used layers to make the cardboard stronger,

engineers use layers of glass to make the floor stronger and thicker.

So let's have a closer look at the layers.

Here's one layer of glass, here's another, and here's another.

-So the floor has three layers.

-What's that in the middle, Nina?

In the middle of the glass layers is dried glue.

-Here is just one of the layers. What does it feel like?

-It's hard.

It's very hard. Now, let's have a feel of the dried glue.

It's not sticky at all, it feels more bendy.

It does feel bendy, Felix, and that's very important.

The dried glue holds the glass layers together.

But it also does something else very important.

Let's go back for one final experiment.

Your question was, how do you make glass stronger?

So far, I've discovered that glass is see-through,

and good for making windows. But it can break easily.

So to make glass stronger,

engineers put layers of glass one on top of the other.

And between these layers, they put glue.

Glass is stiff and glue is bendy.

So how does bendy glue make glass stronger? Let's find out!

OK, here I have two layers of glass and there's no glue in between.

This is also two layers of glass, but there IS glue between them,

like the glass in the building.

We're going to see what happens when we tap them both with a hammer.

Can I ask you guys to stand behind the safety screen, please?

Broken glass is very dangerous.

That's right. Nina has been specially trained to do this.

You should never try this at home.

OK, here goes!

-SMASHING

-Oh, hoo!

Oops! I think someone's broken something!

-Wow! What happened?

-It broke.

That's right, it's completely broken!

Let's see what happens when I tap the layers with the glue.

I'll tap it in exactly the same way.

THUD!

THUD!

I'm tapping this the same amount, but it's not breaking.

It's much stronger, and this is because glue is bendy

and bendy things are hard to break.

By adding a layer of glue between the glass layers,

you can make glass strong.

# Nina and the Neurons! #

Your question was, how do you make glass strong?

I think we've answered it.

We found out that normal glass is see-through

and good for making windows, but it's stiff and breaks easily.

So to make glass strong, engineers put it in layers.

Between the layers, they put glue.

Glue is bendy and difficult to break,

so the glue protects the glass and makes it really strong.

-I hope that's answered your question.

-Thanks, Nina! Bye!

You're welcome, bye!

If you want to know more about the science in engineering around us,

go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!

-# Pushing!

-Twisting!

-Mixing!

-Drilling!

-Squeezing!

-Floating!

-# Go engineering!

-Go engineering!

# When you need to fly it make it, shape it

-# Go engineering!

-Go, engineering!

-# When you want to build go engineering!

-Engineering!

# When you've got to solve a problem but you don't know how to do it

-# It's time to go engineering!

-Engineering!

# When you want to lift it stick it, pop it, bend it

-# It's time to go engineering!

-Engineering!

-# Go engineering!

-Go engineering!

-# When you need to fly it make it, shape it!

-Engineering!

-# Go engineering!

-Go engineering!

# When you want to build go engineering

# Go engineering! #

Ah, it's been such a great day! There's been a lot to see.

Or should that be, a lot to see-through!

It's been a marvellous day. Who'd have thought glue was so bendy?

I never knew engineers made glue-and-glass layers

to make glass stronger.

Engineers help to build the world around us,

to make things work and use science to solve problems.

-See you soon, bye!

-ALL: Bye!