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The Thin Blue Line

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This film contains some strong language.

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In October, my brother and I left Ohio.

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We were driving to California.

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We got into Dallas on a Thursday night.

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Friday morning, while I'm eating eggs and drinking coffee,

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I get a good job. I mean, it's...

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All these people are supposedly out of work.

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I'm not in town a half a day, and I've got a job.

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Just everything clicked.

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It's as if I was meant to be here.

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I'd run away from home a couple of times. Once or twice. I don't know.

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And this all started, David is running away from home.

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And he takes... I took a pistol of my dad's and a shotgun.

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Took a neighbour's car.

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I had broken into their house and got the keys to it.

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I forget exactly what it was.

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Ended up coming to Dallas.

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I went to work and no-one showed up.

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Being a weekend, sometimes they worked, sometimes they didn't.

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On the way home, I ran out of gas.

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And as I was walking down the street with the gas can...

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..a person, at that time, pulled over.

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I guess, since I had the gas can,

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he figured I was out of gas. I wasn't 100 yards from the car.

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And being Thanksgiving weekend, there was no gas stations open.

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So he stopped and asked me if I needed any help.

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I'm driving down some street somewhere in Dallas.

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I'd just turned 16.

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And there was a guy over there, I think he'd run out of gas.

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I took him to get some gas.

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This was Randall Adams.

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Ended up following him to his room

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where him and his brother were staying.

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Eventually, that evening...

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we went out and got some beer and what have you,

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and we smoked a little marijuana and what have you.

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Went to a movie that night.

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I get up, I go to work on Saturday.

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Why did I meet this kid? I don't know.

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Why did I run out of gas at that time? I don't know. But it happened.

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It happened.

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SQUEALING TYRES

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GUNSHOTS

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The day they picked me up, December 21st.

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They took me upstairs. What floor, I don't know.

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But they put me in a little room.

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Gus Rose walked in.

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He had a confession there he wanted me to sign.

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He...said that I would sign it.

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He didn't give a damn what I said.

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I would sign this piece of paper he's got.

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I told him I couldn't.

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"I don't know what the hell you people expect of me.

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"But there's no way I can sign that."

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He left. He came back in ten minutes....

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and threw a pistol on the table.

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Asked me to look at it. Which I did. I looked.

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He asked me to pick it up.

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I told him no, I wouldn't do that.

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He threatened me.

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Again, I told him no.

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He pulled his service revolver on me.

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We looked at each other for... to me, it seemed hours.

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I do not like looking down the barrel of a pistol.

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I do not like being threatened.

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When he finally saw that he would either have to kill me...

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or forget the signature,

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I guess he forgot the signature, because he put his pistol up.

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He took the pistol on the table, put it up and stormed out.

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I had what I call a casual, friendly conversation with him to start with.

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To try to size him up, to see what he liked and what he didn't like.

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I found almost immediately that he didn't have much conscience.

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Anything he had done, it never really bothered him.

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He had done other things that he told me about,

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that didn't seem to bother him in the least.

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He showed no expression whatsoever.

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It's just like he's sitting here,

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talking about the colour of this wall,

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or the shooting of the police officer.

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He showed no...

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..no reaction to any of the questions.

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He, of course...

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..almost overacted his innocence.

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He protested that he hadn't done anything.

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Couldn't imagine why we were bringing him in.

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He didn't fight or he didn't resist,

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he just protested his innocence.

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I, of course, told them what happened that Saturday,

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that I had met this kid.

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I kept telling them the same thing, the same thing, the same thing,

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they didn't want to believe me.

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Never once was I allowed a phone call.

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Never once was an attorney there.

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I don't know how long this had been.

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I had smoked two packs of cigarettes and had been out for a long time.

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Woods didn't take his ticket book out of the car.

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He left it in the car, on the front seat,

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which indicates that he was not going to write a ticket.

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What he was probably going to do was have them turn on the headlights.

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He didn't know that the car was stolen.

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I think that there's a very good chance

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that he was going to check the driver's licence,

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and tell him to turn on his headlights, and let the guy be on his way.

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Officer Woods' wife had purchased him a bulletproof vest,

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and had it under the Christmas tree.

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Or had it stored away, to give to him at Christmas time.

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His partner was one of the first female police officers

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that was assigned to patrol.

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They were from the Northwest Station.

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just patrol officers following the clock,

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working the graveyard shift and everything.

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They had been into a fast-food restaurant. And she had a malt.

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This car came by, these two dudes in it, with no lights on.

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It wasn't a serious problem, but he just pulled up, turned his lights on to stop him.

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Just to warn the man that his lights were off.

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Got out of the car and walked up,

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and before he got to the window, where the driver was -

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he was in the right position -

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This man just turned around and just - pop, pop, pop, with a little small-calibre pistol.

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The first shot hit him in the arm. He had his flashlight.

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He hit the flashlight and went into his arm.

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The next one hit him right in the chest.

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The officer falls in the street and he was in the first traffic lane.

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He lay there and bled to death.

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-TYRES SQUEAL

-So she's out of the car,

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she empties her pistol at the fleeing suspect,

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and she runs to his aid.

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Procedure says you grab the radio and call for an ambulance.

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Common sense would tell you that. But what do you do?

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And that time, she's so... Just tore down.

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Blood, an enormous amount of blood.

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I don't know. How do we hold her responsible

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for not following procedure at that point?

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But the main thing was, she couldn't remember the licence number.

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When we started putting facts together on how much information we had,

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from the leads we had, we found out we didn't have anything.

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The only thing that we knew we were looking for was a blue Vega.

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Probably every Vega that was registered in the state of Texas

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was stopped and checked.

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We had people calling the office,

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saying, "I've got a Vega and it's not blue.

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"But would you come out and be sure to check it over,

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"be sure it's not mine, because I don't want to get stopped any more. I'm afraid."

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If you're the investigator assigned to the murder,

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you get frustrated with other witnesses.

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But when you got a police officer that witnessed it,

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you expect that they would know a little more than she knew.

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Procedure... When there's a two-person unit,

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when either one approaches the car,

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the other positions himself to the right rear,

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where they can watch all the activity in the car.

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And if the man on the left of the driver gets in trouble,

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their partner is in a position to help.

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Speculation was, at the time, that his partner was sitting in the car.

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GUNSHOTS

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That's where the discrepancies were.

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Just a matter of time, and whether or not she was out of the car.

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Completely out of the car, or partially in the car,

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or just sitting in there with the door closed.

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And the thing I think we did then that really helped...

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It didn't really help anything at all. Let me back up.

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But it was interesting, and it cost a lot of money,

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but it was worthwhile. You got to cover every trail.

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A guy out of California,

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I don't recall his name, he was an expert in hypnosis.

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He came down, hypnotised her and questioned her.

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The interesting thing was, she couldn't remember anything about the car.

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She remembered getting a malt. They'd stopped for fast-food.

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It was a Whataburger. Remembered all that, and stopping the car.

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Got back on the road. She didn't remember anything.

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But she remembered a licence number off a hit-and-run vehicle

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that they had worked earlier in the night.

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It was getting awfully close to Christmas.

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We'd never gone that long in Dallas without clearing a murder of an officer.

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We'd had several killed, but we'd cleared them pretty quick.

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And this case had gone a month, or nearly a month,

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and we still hadn't cleared it.

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However, we finally got the break that cleared it.

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It came out of Vidor, Texas.

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Mr Calvin Cunningham, who lives in Vidor, had his home broken into,

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and his little Mercury Comet stolen.

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We felt as though David had committed that crime.

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For several days, though, he was missing. We couldn't find him.

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It was one afternoon,

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one of our officers spotted Mr Cunningham's car

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on North Main Street, here in Vidor.

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David abandoned the vehicle and ran on foot.

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We started getting little bits of information, though,

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that David had been involved in a shooting in Dallas

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of a police officer.

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We would always get third-hand rumour, fourth-hand rumour.

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So we went back to a few of his other comrades in crime,

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I guess we could call them.

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They said, "Yeah, we thought he was just bragging.

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"We didn't really take him seriously."

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Sitting down, watching the evening news, well, the night news.

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My father was asleep on the couch.

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Heard somebody knocking at the door. It was David Harris.

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I let him in. He came in.

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He was standing there beside the chair I was sitting in,

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and a news broadcast advertised about

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a police officer being shot in Dallas.

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Right then and there, he starts swearing up and down.

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He says, "I swear to God, I shot that fucking pig."

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He says, "I'm the one that killed him."

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Somewhere around Dallas, they got pulled over.

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I think he said because they were checking out a stolen car.

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He said that the cop had pulled him over,

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and walked up to the window.

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When the cop came, he rolled down the window,

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and just pulled the gun up, and "pow" shot him.

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He swore up and down.

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I mean, he made a big scene about it. Jumped up and down,

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trying to get anybody and everybody to listen to him.

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"Yeah, I shot that son of a gun."

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And everybody said, "Sure you did, David(!) Sure."

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"I swear to God, I killed that cop."

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I asked him if he'd been to Dallas. He denied having been to Dallas.

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I asked him if he'd been involved in any shooting,

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or knew anything about a shooting, and he denied that to the end,

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which is fairly consistent with David.

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Even if he had some involvement,

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his first way that he always treats you, he would deny.

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Then, if he felt as though you really knew he had done it,

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then he would be truthful with you.

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He give me a pistol, a .22 calibre pistol.

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He showed it to me. He says,

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"That's the one I shot him with, right here."

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He gave me the pistol.

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I didn't... I didn't really consider it that much.

0:17:500:17:54

I don't guess I really realised he did shoot the cop.

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He led me to a swampy area

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several hundred yards behind his residence in Rose City.

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There was a sock under water. He said. "There it is."

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And he had sprayed this sock with boot oil.

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When we retrieved the gun,

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I said, "I better do something with it. It's going to rust up."

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Even the time that I saw the gun at the trial in Dallas,

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it looked just as good as when I'd taken it out of the swamp.

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So he'd taken good care of it, even though he put it underwater.

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He got to thinking,

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" Hey, I didn't do that and I've been saying that I did,

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"and I'm in over my head now, so I better tell them what really happened.

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"Because they are going to send me to the penitentiary for the rest of my life,

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"if I don't tell them what really happened."

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So he said, "Hey, I'm just bragging about this.

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"I didn't do it, but I was there, and I know who did do it."

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And, of course, he came clean then.

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He tried to hide no facts.

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And he just seemed like a friendly kid.

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I may have talked to him 15 or 20 minutes, just on a friendly basis...

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..just to keep him friendly.

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We didn't want to make him mad.

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But we didn't want him to tell us something that he thought.

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We wanted him to tell us what we knew.

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It wasn't very long until I realised that what he knew...

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..was the facts of the case,

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and it matched perfectly with what we knew.

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And it had to be right.

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The story that I told was...

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It was like 12 something, so it was the next day.

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Early in the morning. We were stopped.

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When we were stopped, the officer came up to the car,

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and asked to see the driver's licence or whatever and he just started shooting.

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I don't know why, but it's always seemed like time just stopped or something.

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It didn't seem like any time passed, you know?.

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It just seemed like it was... Boom!

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Time stopped or something. I don't know what it is.

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You know, er...

0:20:190:20:21

It's like a flash.

0:20:250:20:26

We went back to his room.

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He was supposed to ask his brother if I could stay there that night.

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But he said that his brother don't like to do that or something, you know?

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Anyhow, he went in and never came back out, so I left.

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Ended up pulling into a parking lot.

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I slept there I think, for a while.

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Then, finally, the next morning, early or something.

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I found my way to Freeway 45...

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..and went back home.

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After riding around with him, I come to find out he's got an arsenal.

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He's got pistols. He's got rifles.

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You know, he's got this pistol,

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he's waving it around, he's doing this.

0:21:160:21:18

I told him, "Hey, why don't you put those in the trunk of the car?"

0:21:180:21:23

We stopped at a restaurant,

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and ordered, and ate sandwiches in the car.

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I bought a six-pack of beer.

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He pulled this pistol back out.

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And I ask him why he got the pistol out?

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And he...kind of laughed,

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rolled the window down, and fired the pistol outside the car.

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And I asked him to please put it up.

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I think he handed me the pistol, and I put it under the driver's seat.

0:21:500:21:55

He wanted to go to the movies, so we went to the movies.

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We got there probably about seven o'clock.

0:21:590:22:01

SCREAMS

0:22:030:22:05

He was the one that had picked the movie out.

0:22:090:22:12

I call them drive-in movies "beer-drinking movies".

0:22:120:22:15

You know, 50 cents, put them together and make a bunch of money,

0:22:150:22:18

with a bunch of people getting drunk at the drive-in.

0:22:180:22:21

Are you going to concede to my point?

0:22:210:22:23

-Please, sit down Miss Radcliffe.

-What is this, Mr Brooks?

0:22:230:22:26

-Anybody can see it's an ashtray.

-Wrong!

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Anybody can plainly see it's a wall-breaker!

0:22:290:22:32

I'm trying to speak for you!

0:22:320:22:34

I'm trying to speak for all of you! I AM the student body!

0:22:340:22:39

'The show that was on was half over. We watched half of the one show.

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'We had started watching the first part of the second show.'

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# We want a victory, and we're gonna get it

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# We want a victory, and we're gonna get it... #

0:22:540:22:58

Yay, team!

0:22:580:22:59

# We want a victory, and we're gonna get it. Yay! #

0:22:590:23:05

'I didn't really care for the second feature,

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which is an R-rated, cheerleader-type thing. I don't know what it was.

0:23:080:23:13

May I have some wine?

0:23:130:23:15

It's good, Ross. I didn't know you could cook.

0:23:320:23:34

It is good, isn't it? You got to try my celery remoulade.

0:23:340:23:39

No...

0:23:500:23:52

(EXASPERATED): Ah!

0:23:520:23:54

I told him I wanted to leave.

0:24:000:24:02

"I don't really care to sit here and watch this. Let's go."

0:24:020:24:06

So he's acting kind of strange,

0:24:060:24:09

cos he wanted to watch the end of the movie.

0:24:090:24:12

Anyway, we left.

0:24:120:24:13

And we drove back towards Dallas and the motel.

0:24:130:24:17

There's a little store.

0:24:180:24:21

I bought a pack of cigarettes and a newspaper.

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And when I left, this kid was still sitting there.

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I leaned against the car and we talked to him for a few minutes

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and I told him that since he was looking for a job,

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and there hadn't been anybody there at work,

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that if he wanted to stop back Monday morning,

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that, sure, he could ride out and follow me to work

0:24:400:24:43

and he could talk to the boss. And he would probably get a job.

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I told him that I would catch him Monday morning, if he showed up.

0:24:460:24:50

I told him what time I went to work. Why, I left.

0:24:500:24:53

Walked around the store and went to the house.

0:24:530:24:56

When I walked in, the television was on and my brother was sleeping.

0:24:560:25:00

He had been home this whole time that I had been gone.

0:25:000:25:03

So I made me a sandwich

0:25:030:25:06

and sat there and watched the end of the Carol Burnett Show.

0:25:060:25:09

When it went off, the news came on and I watched 15-20 minutes of it.

0:25:120:25:18

And that was it. I turned the TV off and went to sleep.

0:25:180:25:21

Finally, they bring in a stenographer.

0:25:350:25:39

She sits down and I run the story.

0:25:390:25:42

I tell them what happened this Saturday. She leaves. She types.

0:25:420:25:46

She comes back in about 25-30 minutes with a copy of this statement.

0:26:120:26:19

I read through it, and when it was basically what I liked,

0:26:190:26:26

yes, I signed it.

0:26:260:26:28

He admits driving the car and taking a right on Inwood Road

0:26:380:26:43

off of, uh, Interstate 35 or Highway 183.

0:26:430:26:49

He admits driving it.

0:26:520:26:54

But he says after he made his right turn on Inwood Road,

0:26:540:26:58

this is where our statement ends.

0:26:580:27:00

He says he does not remember anything after that.

0:27:030:27:07

He didn't remember anything about a shooting.

0:27:070:27:10

He didn't remember anything about a police officer stopping him.

0:27:100:27:15

That part of his mind just conveniently went blank.

0:27:150:27:19

He remembered driving the car.

0:27:190:27:20

He remembered approaching the scene of the shooting

0:27:200:27:23

and then, from that point, he blacks out and can't remember

0:27:230:27:26

until he gets to the motel room, which is some ten minutes later.

0:27:260:27:30

Everything else, he remembers vividly.

0:27:300:27:32

And that's just a convenient memory lapse, is all that is.

0:27:320:27:35

The Morning News in Dallas County stated that I had signed a confession

0:27:390:27:44

that I had confessed to the killing of Robert Wood, this and that

0:27:440:27:47

and they had their killer and they were ready to go with it.

0:27:470:27:50

The statement that I signed for Dallas County was never

0:27:520:27:59

- and never would have been -

0:27:590:28:00

anything as "a confession" in court.

0:28:000:28:02

But yet, they labelled it as such.

0:28:040:28:06

Of course, I couldn't dispute this because I didn't even know about it.

0:28:060:28:11

I heard no news. I knew nothing for two weeks.

0:28:110:28:15

They kept me completely away from everybody.

0:28:150:28:17

Several times we talked to her, trying to get her to recall.

0:28:220:28:25

"Do you recall the license number? Do you recall anything to help us?"

0:28:250:28:30

And she gave us a pretty good description of the car.

0:28:300:28:32

As it turned out, her description of the car was real close.

0:28:320:28:35

Of course, it comes out that we weren't looking for a blue Vega.

0:28:440:28:48

We were looking for a Comet.

0:28:480:28:49

No telling the man-hours we wasted, looking for a blue Vega.

0:28:510:28:57

There's a difference between a Vega and a Mercury Comet.

0:29:030:29:08

So in reality, in regard to cars,

0:29:080:29:10

every piece of information that was called in,

0:29:100:29:14

they were calling in regard to a Comet, I mean, a Vega.

0:29:140:29:18

The people that called in were truthful, trying to help.

0:29:260:29:29

They really were trying to help.

0:29:290:29:31

We just all had the wrong information.

0:29:310:29:34

TYRES SCREECH

0:29:360:29:38

TYRES SCREECH

0:29:410:29:43

GUNSHOTS

0:29:490:29:51

There wasn't a mark on this car that David Harris had stolen.

0:29:540:29:57

Wasn't a mark.

0:29:570:29:59

Do you think a car sitting still, starting from a stop,

0:29:590:30:04

heading up a hill, with a woman standing right behind it,

0:30:040:30:08

that is a very good shot with a pistol,

0:30:080:30:10

she should have hit the damn thing one time. She didn't.

0:30:100:30:12

I wish she had blown the driver's head off,

0:30:120:30:16

because I wouldn't have been here.

0:30:160:30:19

I went back several times, and with Mr Cunningham,

0:30:220:30:25

he and I both searched and could find no indications

0:30:250:30:29

that that car had been hit by gunfire.

0:30:290:30:32

Later on, he finally found one place

0:30:340:30:36

that he felt as though that a bullet had been creased on it.

0:30:360:30:39

But before he could tell me about it, his daughter totalled the car out.

0:30:390:30:44

Totally demolished it.

0:30:440:30:46

I was doing burglaries and some robberies,

0:30:500:30:54

and a few possession cases and stuff like that.

0:30:540:30:58

I think he just came up to me and said,

0:30:580:31:00

"Are you Edith James? I'd like to talk about my case."

0:31:000:31:04

That's the way I remember it, anyhow.

0:31:040:31:06

And I said, "Sure." And I said, "What sort of a case is it?"

0:31:060:31:09

He said, "It's a capital murder." And I said, "Ooh!"

0:31:090:31:12

Inside, I kind of thought, "I've never done one,

0:31:120:31:14

"but I can surely talk to him about it."

0:31:140:31:18

I hate to be considered, uh, some kind of dummy

0:31:200:31:24

that believes in the innocence of her clients, whatever.

0:31:240:31:29

A lot of people think, "A woman lawyer,

0:31:290:31:32

"she's bound to stupidly believe anything she's told."

0:31:320:31:37

I admit, I'm sort of a gullible person.

0:31:370:31:40

But on the other hand, I've seen an awful lot of people

0:31:400:31:43

who admitted guilt or were found guilty

0:31:430:31:46

and all but Randall turned out to be guilty, in my opinion.

0:31:460:31:51

Douglas Mulder had a perfect win record.

0:31:530:31:56

I believe he resigned from the DA's office without any defeats.

0:31:570:32:02

That's why he's legendary.

0:32:020:32:05

Everything, as I recall, that Mulder ever said

0:32:050:32:08

was about what a great guy Mulder was

0:32:080:32:10

and how marvellous it was that he was getting all these convictions.

0:32:100:32:15

I wanted somebody else in on it, so I got Dennis interested in it

0:32:170:32:20

because Dennis has a lot more trial experience

0:32:200:32:23

and Dennis wins practically all of his jury cases.

0:32:230:32:27

And Dennis was very enthusiastic about the Randall Adams case

0:32:270:32:30

because he kept saying, "This is one we can win.

0:32:300:32:32

"They don't have substantial evidence.

0:32:320:32:34

"All they've got is David Harris."

0:32:340:32:36

I prepared a motion for a continuance to get more time to try the case

0:32:360:32:41

and, in doing that, had to lay out my schedule for several weeks

0:32:410:32:45

as to exactly what time I'd be in Vidor, Texas.

0:32:450:32:49

Vidor is headquarters of the Ku Klux Klan for the state of Texas.

0:32:490:32:53

It's a city where black people will not spend the night.

0:32:530:32:56

Black people won't even stop there to get their car filled with gasoline.

0:32:560:33:00

And furthermore, the people of Vidor were under the impression

0:33:000:33:04

that the policeman that was murdered was a black man.

0:33:040:33:07

I had to stop at a motel on the way.

0:33:070:33:09

My wife and I stayed in one room, the lady lawyer in another room.

0:33:090:33:12

We arranged to get up very early, go to Vidor and start our investigation.

0:33:120:33:18

At about six in the morning, Edith James, the lady lawyer, got up

0:33:180:33:23

and was looking for me.

0:33:230:33:24

While she went out in the parking lot to find me, she went to one room

0:33:240:33:28

and someone in the parking lot said,

0:33:280:33:30

"If you're looking for the lawyer from Dallas,

0:33:300:33:33

"he's in room..." And he gave her the room number!

0:33:330:33:35

I immediately began to suspect, from the time I was

0:33:350:33:38

that close to Vidor, I was being followed and observed.

0:33:380:33:41

Doug Mulder had been there the week before I had

0:33:410:33:45

and had told the people in Vidor

0:33:450:33:47

that I was an Eastern-educated civil liberties attorney

0:33:470:33:51

and that I was down there to discredit David Harris.

0:33:510:33:55

And then I had been recommended to see one particular policeman

0:33:580:34:01

who had been led to the solution of this case.

0:34:010:34:04

And I had the impression

0:34:040:34:06

he was the one honest policeman I could trust in Vidor.

0:34:060:34:09

He told me that, after the policeman was killed,

0:34:120:34:14

David Harris went back to Vidor.

0:34:140:34:17

But before he was arrested, he committed a robbery down there

0:34:170:34:21

and had someone on the floor of a 7-11 type of store

0:34:210:34:24

with a shotgun at her throat.

0:34:240:34:27

Got back there, robbed O'Bannion's 7-11 with a .22 rifle.

0:34:270:34:34

Committed some other burglaries, and what have you.

0:34:340:34:37

All this time I was on probation. Juvenile probation.

0:34:370:34:41

Eventually I turned myself in for this stuff in Vidor.

0:34:430:34:46

Uh...

0:34:480:34:49

I think I made a confession. I can't even remember exactly.

0:34:520:34:56

So I'm told I did.

0:34:560:34:58

He had told us he had robbed stores, and we laughed.

0:35:040:35:07

"Sure, we know you have." I give him one of my hats.

0:35:070:35:10

It's an old Bonnie-and-Clyde-looking hat, turned sideways.

0:35:100:35:14

We said, "We'll draw you a little moustache, walk in with that gun.

0:35:140:35:17

"Nobody'll know who you are."

0:35:170:35:19

About 2 o'clock that morning,

0:35:190:35:21

I was asleep, and the phone rings. I said, "Hello?"

0:35:210:35:23

He said, "This is David." "This is David Harris?"

0:35:230:35:26

"Yeah," he said, "I did it. Will you come and get me?"

0:35:260:35:29

I said, "Man, I'm not coming to get you. I'm asleep."

0:35:290:35:31

He didn't have a conscience.

0:35:350:35:37

You know, if I do something bad, it kind of gets to me.

0:35:370:35:41

I feel, "Shucks, I shouldn't have done that. I feel bad about it."

0:35:410:35:46

But it didn't bother him. Didn't bother him at all.

0:35:460:35:49

We asked the DA In Vidor, Texas, what they were going to do with David.

0:36:040:36:08

They said, "We'll send him to the Texas Youth Council."

0:36:080:36:12

And we sort of tried to inquire, didn't he think it was strange

0:36:120:36:15

that there was a robbery committed with that same pistol?

0:36:150:36:19

And here it was David Harris's pistol,

0:36:190:36:22

David Harris's automobile that picked up Randall Adams,

0:36:220:36:25

Didn't he think it was a little odd that all the utensils

0:36:250:36:29

for committing this so-called murder, were furnished by David Harris

0:36:290:36:35

who got off scot-free and was being a witness for the prosecution?

0:36:350:36:40

And all he said was, "Well, ho-hum, don't feel that way in Vidor, Texas.

0:36:400:36:44

"Our people just are not that,

0:36:440:36:45

"we're not that keen on ruining a young man's life."

0:36:450:36:50

I tried to introduce the crime spree theory.

0:36:520:36:56

The theory that David Harris was on this series of crimes

0:36:560:36:59

both before and after the killing of the policeman.

0:36:590:37:02

That he would be the person who had

0:37:020:37:05

the heart filled with malice most apt to commit a murder.

0:37:050:37:08

But the judge would not allow me to introduce any of those crimes.

0:37:080:37:12

They'd had a 28-year-old man.

0:37:130:37:15

The only alternative would be prosecuting a 16-year-old

0:37:150:37:19

that could not be given the death penalty under Texas law,

0:37:190:37:23

where a 28-year-old man could.

0:37:230:37:24

That's always been the predominant motive, in my opinion,

0:37:270:37:30

for having a death penalty case against Randall Adams.

0:37:300:37:34

Not that they had him so dead to rights,

0:37:340:37:36

but just that he was a convenient age.

0:37:360:37:38

The judge is supposed to have said, that Don Metcalfe supposedly said

0:37:430:37:50

to Jeanette White, Dennis White's wife, "What do you care?

0:37:500:37:53

"He's only a drifter."

0:37:530:37:54

I grew up in a family

0:37:580:38:00

where I was taught a great respect for law enforcement.

0:38:000:38:04

I became acutely aware

0:38:040:38:06

of the dangers that police officers go through,

0:38:060:38:09

law enforcement officials go through,

0:38:090:38:11

that I think much of the public is not really sensitive to.

0:38:110:38:15

My father was an FBI man,

0:38:150:38:18

probably at the worst possible time to be in the FBI.

0:38:180:38:22

It was from 1932-1935 in Chicago.

0:38:220:38:25

He was at the Biograph Theatre the night Dillinger was killed.

0:38:270:38:31

It was a hot summer evening.

0:38:330:38:35

Little air conditioning in Chicago, and people were out for a walk.

0:38:350:38:39

My father would tell me that when Dillinger was killed,

0:38:540:38:57

within a matter of two minutes,

0:38:570:38:59

people dipped their handkerchiefs in the blood, to get souvenirs.

0:38:590:39:04

And he vividly remembered one lady who, all she had was a newspaper,

0:39:040:39:08

held it up and said,

0:39:080:39:09

"I bet I'm the only lady from Kansas City with John Dillinger's blood."

0:39:090:39:12

He told me, the "Woman in Red", she had on an orange dress.

0:39:170:39:21

This is trivia, OK? It looked red under the lights. He said it was really orange.

0:39:210:39:26

So she got to be known as the "Lady in Red" that fingered Dillinger.

0:39:260:39:29

He said, "It was really the Lady in Orange."

0:39:290:39:33

As her reward, she got a new fur coat

0:39:330:39:36

and a one-way ticket back to her native Romania.

0:39:360:39:39

His whole story, from the start, was two hours late.

0:39:460:39:51

I met this kid at around ten in the morning. He says we met at noon.

0:39:520:39:58

I say we were at the Bronco Bowl at 2 or 3 o'clock.

0:39:580:40:02

He says it was 5 or 6 o'clock.

0:40:020:40:04

Everything that we did coincide with, he was two hours late.

0:40:060:40:10

Two hours later.

0:40:110:40:13

Two hours into the night.

0:40:130:40:15

His testimony is that, as we were getting off the freeway

0:40:170:40:21

on Inwood Avenue,

0:40:210:40:23

he stated that I'm driving the car, that we're pulled over.

0:40:230:40:28

He gets scared and he slumps down in the seat of the car.

0:40:280:40:31

That as the officer walks up and shines his flashlight,

0:40:410:40:45

and I roll down my window...

0:40:460:40:48

FOOTSTEPS APPROACH

0:40:480:40:50

..I pull the pistol out and blow this man away.

0:40:520:40:54

TYRES SCREECH

0:40:540:40:56

His testimony is, when I finally do drive to the motel, I get out.

0:41:010:41:07

I tell him, "Don't worry about it. Forget this ever happened."

0:41:070:41:11

Well, that's crazy. That's crazy.

0:41:110:41:14

The police officer was killed at 12:30,

0:41:160:41:18

which is about two and a half hours after he last saw me.

0:41:180:41:21

Just before he went into the motel,

0:41:250:41:27

he'd gone across the motel courtyard

0:41:270:41:30

to a little store over there and bought some cigarettes.

0:41:300:41:33

And I was supposed to go and find out if the man remembered him,

0:41:330:41:37

coming in there just before 10 o'clock, to buy the cigarettes.

0:41:370:41:41

Well, I didn't get over there to Fort Worth for a long time.

0:41:410:41:44

We got pictures from his family that didn't show him in jail clothes.

0:41:440:41:50

I took the pictures in to show them to the man behind the counter.

0:41:500:41:54

He was very co-operative, and he wanted to help us.

0:41:540:41:58

But he honestly said, "I don't remember anything

0:41:580:42:00

"about this guy coming in there,

0:42:000:42:03

"might've been that night or any other night,

0:42:030:42:05

"cos they were always coming for cigarettes."

0:42:050:42:08

His brother, at first,

0:42:080:42:14

was saying that, at the time of the murder,

0:42:140:42:18

that he was home, watching, I believe it was a wrestling match on TV.

0:42:180:42:26

And he said, "Me and my brother likes wrestling matches. He was with me."

0:42:260:42:31

"Randall, my brother, was with me all night long. He couldn't have done it."

0:42:310:42:35

He was trying to cover for his brother.

0:42:350:42:38

Later, as I recall, he changed,

0:42:390:42:42

because he said, "Well, hey. If I get down there and perjure myself,

0:42:420:42:48

"there's nothing that they can do because they've got the case."

0:42:480:42:53

This is the way I think that he thought.

0:42:530:42:57

"They know that my brother did it.

0:42:570:42:59

"If I get up there and lie, they are going to have me for perjury.

0:42:590:43:03

"I'll be in the penitentiary with him,

0:43:030:43:05

"and it ain't going to do any good.

0:43:050:43:07

"So I just ain't going to testify. I ain't gonna say nothing."

0:43:070:43:10

So he backed off of his story completely

0:43:100:43:13

and Adams was left without any witnesses.

0:43:130:43:17

Her in-court testimony and original statement, which should be the best,

0:43:230:43:27

you're talking 15-20 minutes after the killing,

0:43:270:43:30

should be the best eyewitness testimony she's got.

0:43:300:43:34

It doesn't match. Doesn't match at all.

0:43:340:43:37

In court, she testified,

0:43:530:43:56

he got out of the car, she got out of the car.

0:43:560:43:59

She positioned herself at the back of the automobile.

0:43:590:44:02

FOOTSTEPS APPROACH

0:44:020:44:05

FOOTSTEPS GET LOUDER

0:44:100:44:12

Her original statement, 15 minutes after the killing,

0:44:160:44:19

"a fur-lined collar on the killer."

0:44:190:44:21

In court, "It might have been bushy hair."

0:44:210:44:26

The kid testified that I had a Levi jacket on,

0:44:260:44:29

which is the same type collar, basically, the same as this.

0:44:290:44:33

He testified at pre-trial that he had a fur-lined parka.

0:44:330:44:36

She's telling you who killed the man.

0:44:360:44:39

One person in the car with a fur-lined collar.

0:44:390:44:42

Very convenient that the driver happened to have bushy hair.

0:44:530:44:57

All she's got to do is look at a picture they took of me.

0:44:570:45:00

But that is not her original statement.

0:45:000:45:02

It's a hell of a big difference from "fur-lined collar" to "bushy hair."

0:45:020:45:06

It's crazy. It's crazy.

0:45:060:45:09

She went through two weeks' Internal Affairs.

0:45:110:45:14

When she comes out, her testimony changes.

0:45:140:45:16

She goes in saying one thing, she comes out saying another.

0:45:160:45:19

Something happened. What?

0:45:190:45:21

"Ah well, you know, we refreshed her memory."

0:45:210:45:24

Friday afternoon, I think it was Good Friday,

0:45:300:45:33

we came back in the courtroom that afternoon

0:45:330:45:36

and we were sort of elated because we thought, well, he's gonna walk.

0:45:360:45:40

And there's nothing really in that evidence.

0:45:410:45:44

There's just little David Harris, and nobody believes him.

0:45:440:45:48

And so we were very optimistic about his chances

0:45:480:45:50

until we walked into the courtroom and here were all these people

0:45:500:45:53

standing in front of the bench. Three of them, anyway.

0:45:530:45:56

They were taking the oath to be sworn as witnesses.

0:45:560:46:00

Mrs Miller got on the stand that last afternoon.

0:46:000:46:05

And she said, "That's the man, I saw that man!

0:46:050:46:08

"I saw Randall Adams' face just right after..." She said,

0:46:080:46:13

"I saw the gun sticking out of the car when he shot that police officer.

0:46:130:46:18

"And that's the man!"

0:46:180:46:20

And she waved her finger toward Randall Adams. She's the one that got him convicted.

0:46:200:46:24

When I was a kid, I used to want to be a detective

0:46:260:46:28

because I used to watch all the detective shows on TV.

0:46:280:46:31

When I was a kid, they used to show these movies with Boston Blackie.

0:46:350:46:39

He always had a woman with him.

0:46:430:46:45

I wanted to be a wife of a detective

0:46:460:46:48

or be a detective, so I always watched detective stories.

0:46:480:46:51

I'm always looking because I never know what might come up.

0:46:550:46:58

Or how I could help.

0:46:580:47:01

I like to help in situations like that. I really do.

0:47:010:47:05

It's always happening to me, everywhere I go, lots of times,

0:47:080:47:12

there's killings or anything. Even around my house. Wherever.

0:47:120:47:16

I'm always looking or getting involved, to find out who did it, what's going on.

0:47:160:47:20

I listen to people. And I'm always trying to decide who's lying

0:47:280:47:32

or who killed who...before the police do, see if I can beat them.

0:47:320:47:37

Yeah.

0:47:370:47:38

I was working at a gas station. My husband and I both.

0:47:500:47:54

We weren't getting along well at all.

0:47:560:47:59

We were arguing back and forth. This is why we didn't want to go home

0:47:590:48:03

because we would rather talk it out in the car

0:48:030:48:05

than go home with the kids and fight. Had to listen to them, too.

0:48:050:48:09

So we were really arguing

0:48:090:48:11

and we decided to go get something to eat.

0:48:110:48:14

About that time, a police came out of a restaurant on the right hand side of the road...

0:48:140:48:18

and he went to pull the man over.

0:48:180:48:22

She turned around. She was looking hard. She looked...

0:48:310:48:34

I didn't think she seen the guy, but she did.

0:48:340:48:37

I said, "What you looking at?" Cos I knew something had went wrong.

0:48:370:48:40

She said, "You just shut up and drive."

0:48:400:48:42

And I kept telling my husband, "Slow down, slow down so I can see."

0:48:450:48:49

He said, "Come on, we're getting out of here. You're too nosey.

0:48:490:48:53

"You don't even know what's going on."

0:48:530:48:55

I had no idea that somebody was going to get killed or shot.

0:48:570:49:02

So I just drove on.

0:49:020:49:03

He was one of these kind that didn't like getting involved in nothing.

0:49:070:49:10

He wanted to go on. He told me to shut up and turn around, don't look.

0:49:100:49:14

I turned around and looked anyway.

0:49:140:49:16

So we heard something, like backfire or firecrackers.

0:49:220:49:26

And so we drove over the bridge and I got to thinking.

0:49:260:49:30

I said, "Em, there're no firecrackers this time of the year."

0:49:300:49:33

GUNSHOTS

0:49:330:49:36

I was thinking to myself, "That couldn't be somebody shooting."

0:49:380:49:43

GUNSHOTS

0:49:430:49:45

It was real dark, and it was cold.

0:49:470:49:50

It was hard to see in that car. But, see, his window was down.

0:49:500:49:55

The driver's window was down. And this is how I got such a good look.

0:49:550:50:00

I couldn't see anything inside.

0:50:070:50:09

It was kind of...shadows on the window and stuff.

0:50:090:50:13

But when he rolled down the window, it made his face stand out so,

0:50:130:50:16

the car was dark blue.

0:50:160:50:18

He had a beard, moustache, kind of dishwater-blond hair.

0:50:230:50:28

But, like I said, when he was in court,

0:50:300:50:33

he sure looked a lot different.

0:50:330:50:34

All I could just tell by this and this, that it was him.

0:50:360:50:39

I knew that there was some shots over there.

0:50:430:50:46

But I didn't want to be involved in it

0:50:460:50:48

because West Dallas is a high-crime neighbourhood. One of the biggest.

0:50:480:50:52

He was more scared of it than I was.

0:50:520:50:55

But, see, when you have black people like that...

0:50:550:50:58

they don't like getting involved in nothing. That's just common.

0:50:580:51:02

Like here, nobody wants to see nothing or hear nothing.

0:51:020:51:07

And they'll stay completely in the background.

0:51:070:51:10

That's why they were having such a hard time over there,

0:51:100:51:12

finding anybody that would come forward.

0:51:120:51:15

Because it was in a totally black neighbourhood.

0:51:150:51:17

She just believe in - see somebody done something wrong, she tell it.

0:51:200:51:26

Cos she told on me...

0:51:260:51:28

..a couple of times.

0:51:320:51:34

She said that I was hauling drugs out of El Paso.

0:51:340:51:38

Called the sheriff down there, going make me open my trunk.

0:51:390:51:43

So I ended up opening it but there was nothing in it.

0:51:430:51:47

Oh, man. She's... Good grief.

0:51:500:51:53

She's always, if she find out you done something, she sure turn you in.

0:51:550:51:58

GUNSHOT

0:52:030:52:05

Mrs Miller had testified at the trial

0:52:050:52:08

that she had gotten off early from her gas station job

0:52:080:52:12

and gone down to pick up her husband to help him with the bookwork.

0:52:120:52:16

We found out that she was not doing bookkeeping for that station

0:52:160:52:19

because she had been fired from her job two weeks earlier

0:52:190:52:22

for till-tapping, for stealing.

0:52:220:52:24

The reason that they were talking to the police at all

0:52:240:52:29

was that there had been a three-day running knife fight in their apartment

0:52:290:52:33

and they were all booked for disorderly and drunk behaviour in there,

0:52:330:52:37

including assault with knives and all kinds of stuff.

0:52:370:52:41

When they were down at the police station,

0:52:410:52:43

they suddenly decided to volunteer all this information about what they had seen,

0:52:430:52:47

about the police officer's killing.

0:52:470:52:49

A woman called me and said that she knew this woman

0:52:510:52:53

who had testified and identified Randall Adams from a passing vehicle

0:52:530:52:57

and that this woman had never told the truth in her life.

0:52:570:53:00

She also told me that she had tried to call the DA during the trial

0:53:050:53:09

and give this evidence that this woman was not believable,

0:53:090:53:12

that if their case hinged on this testimony, this was not believable testimony.

0:53:120:53:16

They were scum.

0:53:160:53:18

They were just, um...

0:53:180:53:21

actually scum.

0:53:210:53:23

He was a black man and she was a white woman.

0:53:230:53:26

He came to work the day after.

0:53:260:53:29

He told me about the policeman that had gotten shot the night before. I hadn't heard anything about it.

0:53:290:53:35

And I thought it was another one of his stories.

0:53:350:53:39

And he brings in these newspapers.

0:53:390:53:42

And he says he didn't see a damn thing. He couldn't see nothing, it was too dark.

0:53:420:53:46

Wheels started rolling in his head about money.

0:53:480:53:51

That's when he got the idea.

0:53:520:53:55

Let me put it in his words.

0:53:560:53:58

For enough money, he would testify to what they wanted him to say.

0:53:580:54:03

He would say anything they wanted him to say.

0:54:030:54:07

He would see anything that they wanted him to see.

0:54:070:54:11

Those were his words.

0:54:110:54:12

I was shocked that he did go ahead

0:54:150:54:17

and get up and tell that he saw the actual shooting

0:54:170:54:21

and-and recognised the boy. Identified him.

0:54:210:54:26

That's when I called Dennis White. I told him, "That man's lying."

0:54:280:54:31

Nobody has that good of eyesight.

0:54:330:54:36

I mean, you know...

0:54:360:54:38

Oh... From where the policeman was supposed to have been shot

0:54:380:54:43

and from where they were at, um...

0:54:430:54:45

I doubt if you could have even seen them with binoculars.

0:54:450:54:49

I'm a salesman. And you develop something like a total recall.

0:54:530:54:58

I don't forget places, things...or streets.

0:54:580:55:04

Because it's a habit, something I just picked up.

0:55:040:55:07

I just stare intensely at people and try to figure them out.

0:55:070:55:11

Being nosy, I just stare.

0:55:130:55:15

I was leaving the Plush Pub one night...

0:55:190:55:22

driving a...1977 Cadillac...

0:55:220:55:27

heading west on Hampton.

0:55:270:55:30

I noticed an officer had two individuals pulled over...

0:55:300:55:35

to the kerb in a blue...

0:55:350:55:37

some type of vehicle.

0:55:370:55:39

It was a blue...

0:55:390:55:41

It was a blue Ford...

0:55:420:55:44

It was a blue something.

0:55:440:55:46

The driver, I think, had long hair and a moustache.

0:55:490:55:53

And the other one didn't have no hairs on his face.

0:55:530:55:56

A person that is white going through that area at night,

0:56:010:56:04

he's a sore thumb, he stick out for the first reason.

0:56:040:56:09

And if they don't look right, they're going to stop you.

0:56:090:56:11

The officer, he walked up to the vehicle.

0:56:140:56:17

His car was behind... I don't know if it was behind or in front,

0:56:180:56:22

but I know he had him pulled over, and he was up to the car.

0:56:220:56:25

I think he was up to the car.

0:56:250:56:28

Let me think. Yeah, he was up to the car.

0:56:280:56:32

As we was coming by, he had to have been up to the car.

0:56:330:56:36

I didn't see no bullet. I didn't see no gunfire. Because I went on.

0:56:430:56:48

GUNSHOT

0:57:000:57:02

We have three people that testified and identified him, positively,

0:57:020:57:08

as being the driver at the time that Wood was walking up,

0:57:080:57:11

right beside the car.

0:57:110:57:13

So we know that he was the driver from the witnesses

0:57:130:57:17

and we also know that it was the driver that shot Officer Wood, coming from his partner.

0:57:170:57:23

We couldn't have made a case with the voluntary statement that we got from Adams.

0:57:240:57:28

We had to rely on witnesses. And this is what we did.

0:57:280:57:32

I always try very hard - every judge I know of does -

0:57:330:57:38

to not show emotion on the bench.

0:57:380:57:41

The reason, if you do show emotion,

0:57:410:57:44

the jury might take it that you're favouring one side or another.

0:57:440:57:47

So you try to remain passive, emotionless, objective.

0:57:470:57:51

I do have to admit that in the Adams' case,

0:57:510:57:54

and I've never really said this,

0:57:540:57:56

Doug Mulder's final argument was one I'd never heard before,

0:57:560:58:00

about the thin blue line of police that separated the public from anarchy.

0:58:000:58:05

I have to concede that my eyes kind of welled up when I heard that.

0:58:060:58:11

It did get to me emotionally, but I don't think I showed it.

0:58:110:58:14

In death penalty cases, we have a question, or we did at the time,

0:58:360:58:40

of whether or not that person is of a dangerous mentality,

0:58:400:58:45

and might be expected to commit other crimes.

0:58:450:58:47

To answer that question, the Dallas District Attorney

0:58:470:58:50

sends psychiatrists to the defendant's cell,

0:58:500:58:54

to discover whether he is without remorse,

0:58:540:58:57

and therefore is a dangerous and psychopathic personality.

0:58:570:59:00

Of course, in the instance of a person

0:59:000:59:03

who did not commit the crime, they're not going to show remorse.

0:59:030:59:07

There were two psychiatrists that appeared again and again.

0:59:070:59:11

Holbrook and Grigson, the "Killer Shrinks."

0:59:110:59:14

There was certain criticism directed against these two people.

0:59:150:59:20

Because, in effect, whenever they showed up,

0:59:200:59:24

the purpose of their visit was to kill the defendant.

0:59:240:59:28

It was April 15th, tax day.

0:59:280:59:33

I think I was filling out my taxes at the time. Afraid I might be late.

0:59:330:59:37

A guard walks up to the door and tells me,

0:59:390:59:42

"There's someone out here who wants to talk to you."

0:59:420:59:44

I ask him who it was.

0:59:470:59:49

He said he didn't know, but the court ordered me to talk to him.

0:59:490:59:52

I said, "All right."

0:59:520:59:53

And in comes this real tall, ostrich-looking dude.

0:59:530:59:56

He introduced himself as Dr Grigson.

0:59:560:59:59

He pulled a pad out of his coat pocket

1:00:011:00:04

that had a line drawn across it.

1:00:041:00:07

On this pad, on the upper half, he had six images.

1:00:071:00:12

I will say a box, a square, a circle with a diamond in it.

1:00:121:00:16

I don't know. It's been a while.

1:00:161:00:18

He slides this piece of paper across to me and he hands me a pencil.

1:00:191:00:24

He says, "I'm going to get a cup of coffee."

1:00:241:00:26

"Please copy what's on this piece of paper."

1:00:261:00:29

I'm looking at this man.

1:00:321:00:35

I said, "What? You want it copied just the same way you did?"

1:00:351:00:38

"You want me to change them around? What do you want me to do?"

1:00:381:00:41

He said, "Just do whatever you think you want to do." And he left.

1:00:411:00:45

So on the bottom half of this piece of paper,

1:00:471:00:50

I made my boxes and Xs, and zeros with diamonds in it,

1:00:501:00:54

exactly like his.

1:00:541:00:55

He asked me,

1:00:581:01:00

"What's the meaning of 'A rolling stone gathers no moss?"'

1:01:001:01:04

I'm looking at this man. I said, "Are you kidding? Is this a joke?

1:01:041:01:09

He said, "No, I really want to know your answer to that question."

1:01:091:01:13

I said, well, "A rolling stone gathers no moss. To me, it would

1:01:151:01:20

represent that a person that doesn't stand still long enough,

1:01:201:01:23

it's kind of hard for people to cling to him.

1:01:231:01:27

"If he keeps moving around, it's hard to get close to him."

1:01:271:01:30

He shook his head.

1:01:311:01:33

He said, "What about 'A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush"'?

1:01:331:01:38

I said, "If you have a hold of something, why give it up for

1:01:381:01:42

a chance of getting something that might be a little better?"

1:01:421:01:45

"It doesn't make sense. You've got something good, why let go of it?"

1:01:451:01:48

"If you can get the other one, get it if you can,

1:01:481:01:51

"but don't let go of what you got to try to get something else."

1:01:511:01:55

He asked about my family. He asked about my background.

1:01:551:02:01

And he left.

1:02:011:02:03

Total time we had talked, maybe 15, 20 minutes.

1:02:031:02:06

Dr Grigson was up there testifying he would commit violent crimes

1:02:091:02:13

in the future if he was released.

1:02:131:02:15

Grigson is known as "Dr Death" because he always testifies that way.

1:02:151:02:20

In about 99% of the trials

1:02:201:02:21

that he's been a witness for the prosecution, he always testifies

1:02:211:02:25

that they will commit violent crimes in the future.

1:02:251:02:28

You can't tell what somebody's going to do years from now. Not really.

1:02:281:02:35

Except based on your past record, which anybody can do.

1:02:351:02:38

Randall never had any prior record.

1:02:421:02:45

And as far as we know, he never had any history of violence whatever.

1:02:451:02:49

Grigson testified for two and a half hours

1:02:521:02:54

about all these degrees he's got.

1:02:541:02:58

He's been here, and he's been there, and he's studied here.

1:02:581:03:01

He called me Charlie Manson. He called me Adolf Hitler.

1:03:021:03:07

He said I'm the type of personality

1:03:071:03:11

that can work all day and creep all night.

1:03:111:03:13

He testified, Grigson,

1:03:151:03:17

that the future seriousness of my mental state

1:03:201:03:26

would be such that if they released me,

1:03:261:03:30

I would go crazy and probably butcher half of Dallas County.

1:03:301:03:33

Even though he talked to me 15 minutes,

1:03:331:03:36

I have no prior convictions, no prior arrests.

1:03:361:03:40

I was non-violent for 28 years.

1:03:401:03:42

And in one instance,

1:03:421:03:44

and that's saying if I did this, which I didn't,

1:03:441:03:47

he's stating that, that's enough. For the rest of my life, watch me.

1:03:471:03:51

Don't ever turn your back on me. And he talked to me 15 minutes.

1:03:511:03:55

He's crazy.

1:03:571:03:58

You can understand why a man might steal if he needs money

1:04:021:04:07

to put food on the table.

1:04:071:04:08

I can understand why a 17-year-old boy who doesn't have a car

1:04:081:04:12

would steal one to ride around in.

1:04:121:04:14

I can understand why the heroin addict needs heroin.

1:04:141:04:17

But it's very hard to understand why anyone has to kill a police officer.

1:04:171:04:21

It just doesn't have to be.

1:04:211:04:23

When I'm asleep and I close my eyes and think, "Why would he do it?"

1:04:341:04:37

He had no background that would lead to murder,

1:04:371:04:40

no reason to commit a murder.

1:04:401:04:42

And I look at the facts of the case and say,

1:04:421:04:45

David Harris knew the car was stolen, knew the guns were there,

1:04:451:04:49

knew the guns were stolen, was on a crime spree,

1:04:491:04:52

had had a criminal record prior to stealing this car and these guns.

1:04:521:04:56

He was the one that wanted to commit the murder

1:04:561:04:58

and get away from the scene.

1:04:581:05:00

He was the one that, after the murder was committed

1:05:001:05:03

went right back home and bragged about it to his friends.

1:05:031:05:07

I looked at all the evidence,

1:05:071:05:09

and I found that I believed that David Harris committed murder.

1:05:091:05:14

The jury looked at the same evidence,

1:05:141:05:16

and found they believed that Randall Adams committed murder.

1:05:161:05:19

And it was their verdict that counted.

1:05:191:05:22

You have a DA.

1:05:451:05:47

He doesn't talk about

1:05:491:05:51

when they convict you or how they convict you,

1:05:511:05:54

he's talking about how he's going to kill you.

1:05:541:05:58

He don't give a damn if you're innocent.

1:05:581:06:00

He don't give a damn if you're guilty.

1:06:001:06:02

He's talking about killing you.

1:06:021:06:05

You get numb. You get...

1:06:121:06:14

It's like a bad dream. You want to wake up, but you can't do it.

1:06:161:06:20

15 times, 20 times a day, I hear this same story

1:06:241:06:28

about what happens when a man is electrocuted.

1:06:281:06:31

His eyeballs pop out.

1:06:331:06:35

His fingernails pop out. His toenails pop out.

1:06:351:06:38

He bleeds out of every orifice he's got.

1:06:381:06:41

They don't care.

1:06:471:06:48

They don't care.

1:06:501:06:52

All they want to do is talk about how they're going to kill you.

1:06:521:06:55

That's the only thing that they cared about and talked about.

1:06:551:06:58

At that point, that's all they're wanting.

1:07:001:07:03

I didn't have any idea what happened to him.

1:07:091:07:12

After I testified, I was gone.

1:07:141:07:16

I never really concerned myself with it.

1:07:181:07:21

Maybe I didn't want to know. I don't know.

1:07:261:07:29

I didn't have any interest in knowing,

1:07:301:07:32

otherwise I might have tried to find out.

1:07:321:07:35

Dennis filed the motion for a new trial,

1:07:381:07:40

then we filed an amended motion for a new trial.

1:07:401:07:43

About 20 days later, we were to have a hearing on it.

1:07:431:07:45

Both Robert Miller and his wife testified there.

1:07:451:07:49

But we could not bring out the fact,

1:07:491:07:51

that they had said that they were going to get that reward money,

1:07:511:07:55

and that they didn't care whether they saw anything or not,

1:07:551:07:58

but their car was too steamed up.

1:07:581:08:00

We were not allowed to get any of that in,

1:08:011:08:03

because it was held that it was impeaching testimony

1:08:031:08:06

and therefore it came too late.

1:08:061:08:08

We kept running into blank walls.

1:08:081:08:11

A reporter from the Dallas Morning News,

1:08:131:08:16

discovered that one week after the trial was over with,

1:08:161:08:19

the daughter of this woman had a robbery case in this court.

1:08:191:08:24

She offered her testimony

1:08:241:08:26

at a time when her daughter was in danger of going to jail for life,

1:08:261:08:29

and got her daughter out of jail.

1:08:291:08:31

How can you believe her,

1:08:311:08:33

when the very next week the same judge dismisses that case?

1:08:331:08:36

The Millers are the kind of people that would do anything

1:08:391:08:42

if there was something to be gained,

1:08:421:08:46

such as her daughter not being sent to the penitentiary

1:08:461:08:49

for armed robbery or for money.

1:08:491:08:51

When we went to court that day, the District Attorney was hard-nosed.

1:08:511:08:55

Wouldn't let me answer any questions.

1:08:551:08:57

He'd ask me questions, but then he'd cut me off real short.

1:08:571:09:02

That's when he said something about my big fat nose.

1:09:031:09:06

If I'd kept my big fat nose out of their business,

1:09:061:09:09

the Millers would be better off.

1:09:091:09:11

When I started to leave out of the courtroom,

1:09:111:09:14

he started laughing, like, "Didn't do you any good to get up here."

1:09:141:09:19

It really didn't. Didn't help the guy at all.

1:09:191:09:22

To the best of my recollection,

1:09:291:09:31

the brief conversations I have had with Mr Adams,

1:09:311:09:34

and they have been brief,

1:09:341:09:35

I don't even recall ever asking him, or my having told me

1:09:351:09:39

that he did not do it.

1:09:391:09:40

Because, for my purposes, representing him on appeal

1:09:421:09:46

it's totally irrelevant.

1:09:461:09:48

When the Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas voted 9-0 against us,

1:09:491:09:58

I was a little upset about that.

1:09:581:10:00

I felt we, a) should have won,

1:10:001:10:02

b) certainly shouldn't have been slapped so hard

1:10:021:10:05

with the unanimous decision against us.

1:10:051:10:08

I was with my family in an ice-cream parlour,

1:10:081:10:12

and the judge and his family happened to come at the same time.

1:10:121:10:16

And he came over to me and made the comment,

1:10:161:10:19

I see where the Court of Criminal Appeals

1:10:211:10:26

gave me an 'A' in the Adams case.

1:10:261:10:27

Our highest state appellate court,

1:10:271:10:30

the Court of Criminal Appeals in Austin, affirmed the case, nine to nothing.

1:10:301:10:34

Then it was reversed by the United States Supreme Court, eight to one.

1:10:341:10:38

When an Appellate Court reverses a case,

1:10:391:10:42

they are never saying the trial judge was right or wrong.

1:10:421:10:46

They are saying they disagree with the judge.

1:10:461:10:49

You can't, for instance, in the Adams appeals

1:10:491:10:52

say the appellate courts were saying that I was right or I was wrong.

1:10:521:10:57

After all, if, in Austin,

1:10:571:11:00

in our state appeals court, I was nine to nothing correct

1:11:001:11:03

and in Washington, I was one to eight incorrect.

1:11:031:11:06

If you tally all those votes, I come out ten to eight,

1:11:061:11:09

and yet the case was reversed.

1:11:091:11:12

Eight justices of the Supreme Court

1:11:141:11:16

were the first people that ever agreed with me.

1:11:161:11:19

They're the only people anywhere that ever agreed with me about that statute,

1:11:191:11:23

were eight justices of the Supreme Court.

1:11:231:11:26

The Dallas Morning News had a very nice front-page story -

1:11:281:11:33

either the same day or the day after the reversal was announced by the Supreme Court -

1:11:331:11:38

in which Henry Wade, the District Attorney,

1:11:381:11:42

vowed a retrial of Randall Dale Adams.

1:11:421:11:45

Because there was no room in his book for a cop-killer

1:11:451:11:49

getting off with anything less than the death penalty.

1:11:491:11:52

I took that to heart. I thought I was going to get my chance.

1:11:521:11:57

For reasons that were never really made public...

1:11:571:12:00

..Mr Wade requested the governor to commute

1:12:011:12:05

Mr Adams's death penalty to life.

1:12:051:12:07

And that eliminated the possibility of a retrial, based on the reversal.

1:12:081:12:13

I was shocked, I was absolutely shocked.

1:12:131:12:17

I can't help but believe

1:12:171:12:19

that some of the motivation behind that decision was a fear that...

1:12:191:12:24

Adams may be vindicated at a retrial.

1:12:241:12:28

I felt they prosecuted the wrong person and I don't know why.

1:12:281:12:32

I felt that some policeman, whether in Vidor or in Dallas

1:12:321:12:36

made a decision about who to prosecute

1:12:361:12:38

and set the wheels of justice in motion in the wrong direction

1:12:381:12:42

and they got going so fast no-one could stop them.

1:12:421:12:45

I felt it was up to me to stop them and I didn't,

1:12:451:12:47

then I felt it was up to the Supreme Court,

1:12:471:12:49

they did what they could, but then...

1:12:491:12:51

it's all gotten messed up and derailed again.

1:12:511:12:54

Since his trial, I have given up my practice of criminal law.

1:12:541:13:00

I have not had a jury trial

1:13:031:13:05

since I heard the verdict of this jury in this case,

1:13:051:13:08

and don't intend to.

1:13:081:13:10

I just feel like...

1:13:111:13:13

I'll let other people handle these problems for a while.

1:13:131:13:18

Because if justice can miscarry so badly,

1:13:181:13:24

I'd rather do something else.

1:13:241:13:26

Prosecutors in Dallas have said for years,

1:13:261:13:30

"Any prosecutor can convict a guilty man.

1:13:301:13:33

"It takes a great prosecutor to convict an innocent man."

1:13:331:13:36

To this day, I think Mr Mulder

1:13:391:13:42

believes the Randall Dale Adams conviction

1:13:421:13:45

was one of his great victories,

1:13:451:13:47

probably because of some reservations he has

1:13:471:13:50

about Randall Dale Adams's guilt.

1:13:501:13:52

I got a call one morning that a lady here in Vidor

1:13:571:14:00

had been hit over the head with a rolling pin

1:14:001:14:03

and the attacker thought she'd been knocked unconscious

1:14:031:14:07

when, in reality, she wasn't.

1:14:071:14:10

And she recognized the attacker to be David Harris.

1:14:101:14:12

He voluntarily came to the police station.

1:14:151:14:18

I told him, "David, this girl knows who you are.

1:14:181:14:21

"I don't even have to tell you I know the truth.

1:14:211:14:24

"You know I know the truth this time." He said, "I was wrong.

1:14:241:14:28

"I smoked marijuana, I was drinking.

1:14:281:14:30

"I don't know what got over me but something came over me."

1:14:301:14:33

But he forgot to mention one thing - that he was only wearing underwear.

1:14:331:14:38

I felt as though the attack was sexually oriented.

1:14:401:14:43

He never wanted to admit that

1:14:431:14:45

and, as I recall, he never really finally admitted it.

1:14:451:14:48

He'd just get to the point he wouldn't deny it.

1:14:481:14:51

He posted his bond and went to Germany.

1:14:511:14:54

We had a crime with basically the same MO as his

1:14:541:14:57

and so it led me to want to check and see if he was in town.

1:14:571:15:01

I contacted the Worldwide Military Locator

1:15:011:15:04

to see if, through the military, I could locate him.

1:15:041:15:07

I did, and found out he was in prison at the time.

1:15:071:15:09

He really didn't remember what happened.

1:15:111:15:13

He said he woke up in the stockade

1:15:131:15:15

and he'd been told he beat up one of his ranking officers.

1:15:151:15:18

We had another occasion to have a crime that fit his MO a lot,

1:15:181:15:22

so I started looking for him again,

1:15:221:15:24

this time I found him in prison in California.

1:15:241:15:27

So I realised again, unfortunately, he hadn't straightened up.

1:15:271:15:30

He was still having a lot of problems.

1:15:301:15:33

I was 16 years old.

1:15:401:15:42

I'd really had no real dealings with the court systems, etcetera.

1:15:421:15:47

Didn't know how they worked, really.

1:15:481:15:51

Didn't know much about the law.

1:15:511:15:53

Just a young, dumb kid.

1:15:531:15:55

Police give you the time of this and the time this happened

1:15:571:16:01

and you just correlate from those events.

1:16:011:16:03

You just estimate from that event what time it was. You don't know.

1:16:031:16:08

You're taking a guess.

1:16:081:16:10

Police tell you, "It was 12:30 when this crime happened."

1:16:121:16:17

"What time did you leave the movie?"

1:16:211:16:24

"I know it was somewhere around midnight."

1:16:241:16:27

"It might have been before then. I don't know.

1:16:321:16:34

"I didn't have a watch on."

1:16:341:16:36

He went over my testimony with me pretty extensively.

1:16:471:16:52

How I should answer certain questions...

1:16:521:16:55

..things of this nature.

1:16:571:16:59

That's what you call coaching the witness.

1:16:591:17:02

Let's get this evidence in a spectrum

1:17:021:17:05

where it's going to be most effective.

1:17:051:17:08

At the time, I didn't really ponder on it, you know.

1:17:131:17:18

But he was deceiving the jury. He wanted to deceive justice.

1:17:221:17:26

That's why I think that statue with the scales... Justice?

1:17:261:17:31

What is she called? I don't know what she's called.

1:17:311:17:34

She's got that blindfold on.

1:17:341:17:36

We don't see what goes on behind closed doors.

1:17:361:17:40

'I had another woman in the car. I didn't tell them about that.

1:17:401:17:45

'My wife would kill me.'

1:17:451:17:47

She would've tore my head off if she knew I was out with another woman.

1:17:471:17:51

Would you tell?

1:17:511:17:52

That's what happened. I was trying to get her home.

1:17:521:17:56

The driver's side was down because...

1:17:591:18:02

the lady was a little sick.

1:18:021:18:04

Decided she needed some air.

1:18:041:18:06

Because she was pretty drunk.

1:18:061:18:08

'See, the Millers, one is black and one is white.'

1:18:151:18:18

They said I was going with, the reason I was over that night,

1:18:181:18:22

I was over there messing with this man's wife.

1:18:221:18:25

'And I ain't never gone with her in my life, she was too old and ugly.'

1:18:251:18:29

Like I said, the DA will put something into their mouth.

1:18:291:18:32

They could've prefabricated the whole story.

1:18:321:18:36

They sure could've.

1:18:361:18:38

But what I saw is just what I saw. That was it.

1:18:381:18:41

So if they got paid, they got paid for lying.

1:18:411:18:44

They already decided what to do with you in the hall.

1:18:471:18:50

That's why they call it the Hall of Justice,

1:18:501:18:52

the scales are not balanced.

1:18:521:18:54

The scales are in the hall, and they go up and down.

1:18:541:18:57

They might go up for you, favour one way, they might go down against you.

1:18:571:19:02

So if the DA wants you to hang for 15, 20 years, you're hung.

1:19:021:19:06

I had all these charges still pending in Orange County.

1:19:081:19:12

I could have been certified as an adult...

1:19:151:19:18

..maybe given a life sentence. I don't know.

1:19:191:19:23

I'm 16 years old. I know I don't want that.

1:19:231:19:25

That District Attorney told me, "Don't worry about them charges."

1:19:271:19:31

"I'm going to ask your... Defence Attorney is going to ask you

1:19:311:19:36

"if you had any kind of deal, or anything of that nature

1:19:361:19:41

"in exchange for your testimony in this case

1:19:411:19:45

"as relating to those charges," you know?

1:19:451:19:48

"Don't answer that yes, answer it no."

1:19:501:19:53

My husband, he didn't get that good a look at him.

1:19:581:20:01

He wasn't sure, they put a bunch of them there that looked alike.

1:20:031:20:08

They had about three or four in the line-up that had bushy hair,

1:20:081:20:12

but he had his combed down,

1:20:121:20:13

different to what it was in the killing.

1:20:131:20:17

I didn't pick him out right then...

1:20:171:20:19

because I picked out this bushy-haired man.

1:20:191:20:22

I understand one of the other witness did pick out the man at the line-up.

1:20:251:20:29

I'm not sure, but I think he did.

1:20:291:20:32

Of course I picked out Randall Adams just like that.

1:20:321:20:35

I don't know about the others.

1:20:371:20:39

Evidently they did at that time.

1:20:401:20:43

GUNSHOTS

1:20:551:20:58

CAR SCREECHES

1:21:021:21:04

'I just took off.'

1:21:051:21:07

It's like, kids run away,

1:21:071:21:08

they don't think about where they're going to stay,

1:21:081:21:11

how they're going to eat, all these things, you know?

1:21:111:21:15

They had that roof over their head all their lives.

1:21:181:21:21

They don't really think about those things

1:21:211:21:23

till you get out there and you say, "Hey! My stomach's growling now."

1:21:231:21:28

Or, "It's getting cold out here. It's raining."

1:21:281:21:32

ENGINE SCREECHES

1:21:321:21:33

There was ice on the road.

1:21:331:21:36

I remember there was a car coming pretty fast up the road behind me

1:21:361:21:41

and didn't see me or something...

1:21:411:21:44

or was in one lane and came into the other and I was in that lane

1:21:441:21:48

and tried to stop me, went off the side of the road.

1:21:481:21:50

I remember this car went off the side of the road.

1:21:501:21:53

I'm just looking back...

1:21:531:21:54

I remember that.

1:21:591:22:00

I got a call at my house, about 3:30 one morning.

1:22:061:22:10

One of the patrolmen in my department called

1:22:101:22:13

and said, "We arrested this boy named David Harris

1:22:131:22:16

"and he won't even tell us his name. He said he wants to talk to you."

1:22:161:22:19

They told me something that really made me interested. He'd been shot.

1:22:191:22:24

David had initially told me that he had gone to a bar in Houston

1:22:241:22:29

and was flirting with a young lady and her boyfriend became upset

1:22:291:22:32

and chased him out the bar with a pistol, shooting at him. Shot him several times.

1:22:321:22:36

We knew that wasn't true.

1:22:401:22:42

I said, "David, I know you're lying to me.

1:22:421:22:45

"We go through this all the time,

1:22:451:22:47

"all my dealings with you in the past.

1:22:471:22:49

"I don't know what you've done just yet. I know you were shot.

1:22:491:22:52

"I know you were shot doing something you shouldn't have been.

1:22:521:22:55

"We know you burglarized the gun shop. We know you were driving drunk.

1:22:551:22:59

"Got witnesses who can identify you, who can identify your truck."

1:22:591:23:04

I said, "You're caught. So tell the truth."

1:23:041:23:07

And David said, "OK, I killed him."

1:23:071:23:09

Their home was entered while this man and his girlfriend were there alone.

1:23:131:23:18

The man was sent into the bathroom at gunpoint and told to stay there.

1:23:191:23:24

David took the girl and was starting to leave.

1:23:251:23:29

The man exited the apartment with a gun.

1:23:291:23:33

The man fell to the ground, or near the ground

1:23:331:23:35

holding onto a pole there in the parking lot of the apartment complex

1:23:351:23:39

and these last, whether it be two, three, or how many shots,

1:23:391:23:43

were fired at point-blank or near point-blank range.

1:23:431:23:46

David thought the one that was really at fault that night

1:23:511:23:54

was the guy that got killed. He said, "That guy's crazy.

1:23:541:23:57

"He came after me with a gun."

1:23:571:23:59

I told him, "David, you'd broken into his house,

1:23:591:24:01

"you abducted his girlfriend, what was he supposed to do?"

1:24:011:24:05

He said, "Man shouldn't come out with a gun. That dude's crazy.

1:24:051:24:08

"He should have been killed."

1:24:081:24:10

When we went to retrieve the pistol,

1:24:121:24:15

I had to go into the water to get it.

1:24:151:24:16

It was a bayou and it was grassy, snaky-looking area.

1:24:161:24:19

I wasn't real pleased about being there myself

1:24:191:24:22

but David enjoyed watching me having to go down there and look for that gun.

1:24:221:24:25

I'd been searching several minutes, he was up on the bridge

1:24:251:24:29

and probably 25 feet from me,

1:24:291:24:30

directing me to where he thought the gun had landed in the water.

1:24:301:24:34

He was handcuffed.

1:24:381:24:39

Traffic would come by, and he would turn around

1:24:391:24:42

and show them his handcuffs and holler at them, "Help me!

1:24:421:24:45

"The officials will throw me in this water and drown me."

1:24:451:24:48

Anything he could do to make a joke and cut up out there.

1:24:481:24:51

He was really having a good time.

1:24:511:24:53

The kid scares me. The kid scares me.

1:24:571:25:00

To think that he could actually be out there, walking the streets,

1:25:001:25:04

and Dallas County let him go.

1:25:041:25:07

The kid had seven crimes coming down on him. He had armed robberies.

1:25:071:25:12

He had firing on a peace officer.

1:25:121:25:15

He had breaking and enterings, aggravated assaults.

1:25:151:25:18

God knows what all this kid had.

1:25:181:25:20

And Dallas County gives him complete immunity for his testimony. Just lets him walk.

1:25:201:25:24

My mom had a good phrase.

1:25:351:25:37

She said the first night she pulled into Dallas, it was raining

1:25:371:25:41

and that it was lightning and they're coming into Dallas

1:25:411:25:45

and she said, "if there was ever a hell on earth, it's Dallas County."

1:25:451:25:49

(SIGHS) You know, she's right. She's right.

1:25:491:25:54

You deal with people who you sense bad vibrations, more or less.

1:26:041:26:09

You feel, this guy doesn't like me anyway because I'm a policeman.

1:26:091:26:12

You can just kind of sense something.

1:26:121:26:14

Maybe I shouldn't be saying it because police shouldn't take these things to the bank.

1:26:141:26:19

When you deal with people over and over, you sense a lot of things.

1:26:191:26:22

Talking to David,

1:26:221:26:24

you don't ever feel hostile feelings coming from him.

1:26:241:26:28

I have never seen David any way other than cordial,

1:26:281:26:32

friendly to me as he could be, "Yes, sir. No, sir."

1:26:321:26:35

Never disrespectful. I've never seen the bad side.

1:26:351:26:41

I've seen the results and talked to him about it, he's aware of it.

1:26:411:26:44

He remembers the bad side.

1:26:441:26:46

But I've never seen him committing a crime,

1:26:461:26:50

or in a violent or volatile state.

1:26:501:26:54

When his crimes were confessed to,

1:26:561:26:59

he seemed to feel better and do better during those times

1:26:591:27:02

than any other times I've known him.

1:27:021:27:04

His parents would tell me he would do better at home,

1:27:041:27:06

he seemed to get along better with the people in town,

1:27:061:27:09

his neighbours and friends.

1:27:091:27:10

But something happens to David, I don't know what it is.

1:27:101:27:13

I don't know if anybody can put their finger on it.

1:27:131:27:16

But there's no other indication of anything in the family

1:27:201:27:24

that would lead you to believe he had exposure to these activities or anything.

1:27:241:27:30

David's got at least one other brother and sister that I know of.

1:27:351:27:38

And he had one brother that drowned numerous years ago.

1:27:381:27:42

I was...three years old.

1:27:481:27:50

I had a four-year-old brother

1:27:501:27:53

and he drowned in 1963,

1:27:531:27:57

right after President Kennedy was assassinated, I believe.

1:27:571:28:01

Sometime right after that, during the summer.

1:28:011:28:04

We was living in Beaumont, on Harrison Street,

1:28:041:28:08

and my dad was working on his truck out in the yard

1:28:081:28:11

and Mom was in the house doing her housework or fixing dinner.

1:28:111:28:16

Me and my brother, we had one of these little blow-up pools

1:28:161:28:20

and we were playing in that.

1:28:201:28:23

My dad was supposed to be watching us

1:28:231:28:26

or keeping an eye on us or something.

1:28:261:28:28

My brother wandered off down the street

1:28:281:28:31

and these people had a swimming pool in their backyard

1:28:311:28:34

and they were elderly people. They never used the pool.

1:28:341:28:37

I guess it had a bunch of leaves and stuff in it.

1:28:371:28:41

And he evidently fell in there and drowned.

1:28:411:28:44

I used to sit up in my room at night and talk to him and he wasn't there.

1:28:481:28:52

So I guess that might have been

1:28:551:28:58

some kind of a traumatic experience for me, at that age.

1:28:581:29:01

I guess my dad...

1:29:021:29:03

I don't know, maybe he couldn't...

1:29:051:29:07

get rid of the responsibility or the guilt or something.

1:29:071:29:11

I don't know what it was.

1:29:111:29:13

I was there and I guess maybe I reminded him of that

1:29:151:29:19

all the time, growing up.

1:29:191:29:20

It was hard for me to get any acceptance from him.

1:29:211:29:25

When my younger brother was born

1:29:251:29:28

it was kind of like he was Daddy's favourite or something, I don't know.

1:29:281:29:33

Everybody's life is going to take some kind of path,

1:29:351:29:38

regardless of what happens.

1:29:381:29:40

I think maybe that a lot of the things I did when I was younger

1:29:421:29:46

was an attempt to get back at him or something,

1:29:461:29:51

for the way he treated me.

1:29:511:29:54

But I wasn't doing nothing but hurting myself.

1:29:541:29:57

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