Episode 4 Springwatch


Episode 4

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It is Springwatch. We are coming to live from Wales at the end of our

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first week. We have had all sorts of drama here, especially involving

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our jackdaws. We will take you inside the Secret lives of some

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very amazing animals, like these wild boar, notoriously difficult to

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film, especially when they are with their young. We will be taking a

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close look at one of the UK's place on British television that

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you can see a hen harrier tonight. Yes, hello and welcome to

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Springwatch, coming to you live, the last programme of our first

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week. Here at the RSPB Ynys-hir reserve in Wales, fabulous place.

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All week we have been saying it is 700 hectares. I stand corrected. It

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is 800 hectares of the most amazing habitat. We have covered it with

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cameras and we have stuck our nosey noses into the lives of all kinds

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of creatures. Can I just say, what a glorious evening! The sunshine is

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out. Let's see what has happened to the stars of the show, the nesting

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birds, over the past 24 hours. The reed bunting, we left the nest

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looking like this yesterday. Empty. We saw one of the chicks fledged on

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the programme. What happens to the others? All five have fledged. Why

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would the adult be coming back with food still? Interestingly, they

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fledge before they can fly. They are only about 10 to 12 days old

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when they leave the nest and they only fly about five days after that.

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the food. They are still totally reliant on that parent. Of course

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they are very vulnerable. They are a vulnerable but it is a good idea

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to get out of that nest and split up. We saw earlier in the week, all

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the chicks in one basket and the weasel got the lot. If they spread

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themselves out, even over just one metre, there is a greater chance of

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them surviving. There are predators out there, as well as the weasel.

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We spotted this, a female adder. Of course they are carnivores, there

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to be called Die it be incredibly composed of young, small mammals

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that they take out of their nests. -- their typical diet. They don't

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seek out young birds. If they happen to cross them, they would

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probably take them. A reptilian predator active down here. It was

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probably more likely to be a grass snake active down here. I found a

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grass snake curled up in a willow warbler's nest the few years ago.

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The warblers were going berserk and I got down on my hands and knees

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and I saw the grass snake in there. I caught it, and running down its

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body was a series of lumps. away! It's had eaten all the

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youngsters. -- no way! Let's have a look that the great tips. This is

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the nesting box. -- tits. One is not looking so good and we will

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look at him in a second. They could fledge this weekend, but they will

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probably hang on in until next week. You can see that one chick raises

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its head more highly than the others. Let's take a look at what

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we filmed earlier today. Again, the nesting box. The parent comes in.

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One chick is straight up, much higher than the others. We have

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named that one super chip and that is the one that we saw the other

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day going round the nesting box. Super chick is doing well but we

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are concerned about one of them, which is the round. -- the run to

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one. Don't call him that because he is bound to fail! Call him Rudy.

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runty we do not looking so good. A lot of you have commented on the

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internet as well. They could fledge early next weekend. Keep an eye on

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them. We will be watching all of the live cameras throughout the

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programme as we transmit. If anything kicks off while we are

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live on air, of course we will go directly to it. You can watch the

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live cameras night and day and many of you have been. On the red button

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and online. You have sent us some comments, which are rather nice. I

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like this. Tim Brookes says that the webcams are the best thing

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about working night shifts at this time of year. Thank you. Obviously

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working hard one who watches them! I am loving having the webcam on in

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the background as I get ready for work. Natalie says that what in the

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webcam and showing the three-year- old daughter the jackdaws having

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their breakfast. -- she is watching the web cam. And we have taken a

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picture of a science-fiction monster as well. What is that? We

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would like you if you can to tell us what manner of creature that is.

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And what is its favourite food? If you think you know the answer to

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that, go to the website. Or the Twitter account. Let us know and we

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will reveal it later in the programme. It is called -- cool

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looking. One of the most ferocious creatures at large in the UK at the

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moment. That is a good way of putting it. I have to leave because

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I have to go to the squelchy God to do some detective work. -- squelchy

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bog. And 45 minutes in that direction... That direction! We are

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going to one of our favourite childhood haunts to look at a

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fabulous bird. Welcome to the reserve in the heart

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of this moorland. What a place it is. I am surrounded by heather

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moorland, which she will not get in the whole of southern Britain. It

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is a special place for me, too, because this is where I grew up,

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when I was knee-high to a weasel. I used to wonder around here and it

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was where my love for wildlife was developed. Just over the hill, we

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have got a man in a hide, because we are here to see a very special

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bird, the hen harrier. If we go over and have a quick look live,

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you will see that the lens is on a bit of heather and there is a

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lovely looking sheep. We are hoping that later on in the programme

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there will be some live hen harriers for you. I make a personal

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pilgrimage on to this moorland every spring are to see my beloved

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harriers. My first visit this year This lake has a huge variety of

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habitats, would learned to grassland -- woodland. But the most

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important is the heather moorland, and I grew up here. Much of my

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childhood was spent on the moorland, and we would get up before dawn, my

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dog and I, and stay up all day and go back after dark. I still search

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these hills that this time of year, hoping for a glimpse of my

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favourite bird, the majestic hen harrier. One of the UK's rarest

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birds of prey. In my home patch, there are thought to be five

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breeding pairs. This reserve is a key habitat for their survival. I

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am here to see how this year's breeding birds are coping with the

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late spring. It is not long before the distinctive ghostly shape of a

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male hen harrier bricks the horizon. -- breaks the horizon. It looks

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like he is hunting. He is really obvious. This light grey colour,

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just stunning birds. There is the female, virtually hidden in the

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heather. If they are going to breed successfully, it is crucial that

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the female can remain hidden. That is why, it is the female that

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incubate the eggs, because she has this perfect dark brown, for large

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all over her back. -- Brown, for. It is great to see the pair back in

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the valley, since 39 years ago I was up here doing exactly the same

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He has dropped in. That could well be their nesting site, hidden in

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the thick heather. I suspect that maybe they are not on eggs yet

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because the female does not like the male going down on to the nest

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when their eggs in there. What usually happens in this, the male

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will do all the hunting and the female will stay close to the nest

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because she has to put on a lot of weight, build up the energy to lay

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the eggs. It takes a lot of effort out of a body, so he will go

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hunting and bring her foot. -- food. I can't think of a better way to

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spend the day than this, sitting on my backside in the Welsh moorland,

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watching a pair of hen harriers. It does not get much better than this.

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I must tell you this. The Welsh name for the hen harrier, referring

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to the female, means white bottom buzzard. What a perfect name that

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is. They spend the winter away from us up land area, which is very

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harsh, but they come back in early spring on the first nice days. This

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year they were late and we were worried that they might not come

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back at all. This power has been coming here for many years now, but

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the signs are good. -- this pair. And this is what we saw just a few

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days ago. Here comes the Mail, bringing in the prey, and there

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cannot be a better bird than that in all of Europe. He is bringing it

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in over the heather moorland. And he is so visible, so visible. He

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drops the prey on the floor. Coming to the female. Let's go live to our

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camera over the hill and see what we can see right now. Our cameraman

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is in there, and he is focusing on the heather. The female is tucked

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in among at the head and she is on eggs, I am pleased to say. -- are

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among the heather. There could be four to seven. And you get them

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polygamous, which will mean that the males can take up to four

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females. That does not happen in Wales. In 39 years I have only seen

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that happen once. We are very, very lucky to be up here with such a

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rare bird, bearing in mind that this is one of fewer than 30 pairs

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and the whole of Wales. But will we have live hen harriers on the

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programme for you tonight? Well, you'll have to join us later on to

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find out. Like hen harriers, that would be

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something. Every time I think I have got a favourite bird of prey,

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the cast will of course, up pops another one. -- the kestrel. Male

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hen harriers. Not female? You can't revel in them. Beautiful bird, no

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doubt about it. I am going to update you on a bird that has

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featured a lot, and it is our family of jackdaws. We have two

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chicks in a nest in a barn, which were doing pretty well, then we had

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intruders coming in to attack them. It was quite dramatic. Yesterday it

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went much quieter, but what has been happening in the last 24

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hours? It is a little bit distressing. We saw the chicks

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inside and these are the intruders. This happened this morning. The

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intruder starts to do what it did the day before, pecking the cheque.

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-- chick. Then the parent bird comes in and scares it off. It

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looked like it will be OK but it You can see the intruder looking

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through the nest box whole. Look what happens now. This gets very

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aggressive. It's quite distressing. It starts pecking the chick. Even

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the other intruder comes in, having a right old go at that one

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particular chick's. He is fighting back, which is a good sign. He's

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showing a bit of strength, but it goes on and on. They just keep

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pegging back chick. The parent comes in, almost looking at its

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submissive. The parent comes in with food, so there's very little

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it can do. This is the trouble. The parents can't clamp down on what is

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going on because they've got to go and get food. It couldn't chase the

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intruders off because it literally had its mouth full. That want it

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wasn't looking good. We were very concerned about it. What has

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I'm pleased to tell you that they are sleeping. They are alive. It

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took them a while to recover, but we have been watching them

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throughout the day. The parents have been feeding them and they've

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been up and about. You just wonder, how much of a hammering can they

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take? But been attacked quite a few times. It was encouraging to see

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them dodging about, fighting back. If this had been happening when

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they'd just hatched, it would have probably been all over now. One

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accurate Pep from one of those intruding subordinate birds would

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have been the end of it. We can see that happening because we've got a

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camera inside. If you were watching that from the outside, you wouldn't

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know they were intruding birds. You'd probably think they were the

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parents coming in. That gives us unique access to what is going on

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inside. Our jackdaws are not all in nest boxes. As a small colony of

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birds down here, and some of them have chosen natural sites in trees.

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These are the favoured site. Scientific studies have shown that

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if they have a choice, they will take a natural tree side, then a

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man-made Holt, such as one you would find in a building, and then

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and nest box. There are some in the tree holes. Often out, busy feeding.

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These are Prince of the birds which of feeding on invertebrates. They

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take relatively small things. Insects, lots of fly larvae. But

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look here, that's its Boco pouch. That swollen throat is full of food.

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When they are out collecting food, sometimes worms, they fill up that

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pouch and they will go back into the nest and regurgitated into the

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mouths of the young. One of the things they do is they put their

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beak right down inside the mouth of the young. They've got to get it

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beyond the Tong, so that the youngster can't put it back out

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again. It's great to see them out in the wild and it's great to see

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them in the nest box. Not far away from that is this bird on its nest.

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This is a mallard. We don't know how many eggs of their, because

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every time she gets up she covers them over. But we think they could

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possibly hat at the weekend. When they do hatch they will be very

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cute. Although there's a bit of jeopardy there, they are not far

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away from the jackdaws. They are prey for all sorts of things.

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are, but there's probably 10 or 12 eggs and a bed. Our jackdaws are

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very wary birds. Our camera team have been very patient putting the

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cameras in. But there are some other animals which make Jack Boles

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look positively tame. They are super wary. They are wild boar.

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This has been taken by then, he's been photograph in the wild boar in

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the Forest of Dean. We sent him out with a camera to catch some movie

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I spend every minute out here, just naturally photographing everything

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I can find. The beauty of the place. My name is then lock. I live here,

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in the Forest of Dean. Of all the wildlife we have, the wild boar

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have been the biggest poll for me. They are quite a mystical creatures.

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It hasn't existed in the British Isles for at least 300 years or so,

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and now it's back. The wild boar aren't generally easy animals to

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find. They don't like or seek out human company. My early time spent

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looking for there was very shambolic, I didn't know what I was

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doing. After many weeks, I got a glimpse of the backside of a ball

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disappearing into the woods. That They have a pretty underdeveloped

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sense of sight, but they more than compensate but Supreme hearing and

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smelling capabilities. That presents a real challenge when you

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are trying to photograph them. You need to keep the wind on the right

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side of you, keep as quiet as you possibly can. They spent most of

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their time feeding. They will root of the forest floor, looking for

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roots, insects, acorns, chestnuts. Wild boar living groups. They are

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matriarchal groups. Typically it will consist of the matriarch and

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her offspring. The matriarch will team up in twos or threes and form

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groups of May the 20 to 25 wild boar, with all the offspring. And

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perhaps the previous year's offspring as well. You could have

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three generations in the same group. The largest group I've seen

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consisted of about 45, but this is I don't have a favourite time he in

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the forest, it's so changeable. Winter brings a different kind of

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peace, the Forest is very quiet. Earlier this year in the winter, I

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made a point to go out and look for wild boar in the snow. Surprisingly

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easy to find. There prints are fresh and the Snow shows them well.

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It didn't take long to find them feeding. What was particularly

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fascinating was there was a small crowd of Robbins following her

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around as she went, making the most of the situation and the food that

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she was uncovering. The wild boar seemed a bit annoyed and began a

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new patch and left the Robins to exploit the area that it had

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already uncovered. Typically, they will be born in the spring. Newborn

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piglets of tiny, but by the time you stand a good chance of seeing

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them, they could be compared to perhaps a small Jack Russell in

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size. They are often known as humbug, due to their stripy

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appearance. Probably one of my most special moments with them was one

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day when I managed to find a group of piglets who would two week old.

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I managed to get within about 30 to 40 feet of them. I was on lower

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ground than they were, so all they would have seen of me was probably

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my head, which probably made me The mother was mostly rooting

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around and the piglets were running around play fighting. In the end

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they were pestering a mother so much for milk Fachie just flopped

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on the ground and gave in and let After having spent so long tracking

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down wild boar and hoping for the perfect opportunity, I suppose,

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that particular day was the Welcome to the Nunez here reed bed,

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where we are being eaten alive by mosquitoes. Wild boar, what a

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wonderful thing. A really thrilling animal to see. Increasingly you can

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see signs of wild boar around the UK. Lookout on road verges where

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they've been rooting around at night. You can see signs of them

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but to see a live wild boar and the little piglets, what a treat!

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Fantastic field craft by Ben. Thank you very much indeed for that.

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Mammals, they are very shy, very secretive and very hard to see. But

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they are all around us here at Ynys-hir. We have seen that auto

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yesterday. We saw that we sought attacking the dunnock nest. Even

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stranger than that, we haven't seen quite so many things. What things

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might we see here? Squirrel, we might have another glimpse of that

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otter. The fox as well. They are all around us. Now I'm going to

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show you how to turn mammal detective. Watch out, it's a nice

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squishy area. There's a bird- watching hide. Here we go. Through

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the reeds, OK. How to turn detective. Well, this is a

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footprint trap. How does it work? Animals can go in here. If we have

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a look and get it out, this is what is inside. What happens is a mouse

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or Ray weasel, they will walk in and go across this ink pad. They

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will go to the bait. They will get the ink on their paws. As they go

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out, they will leave a trail for you to see. That is the footprint

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trap. You can actually buy these commercially or you can make one

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yourself. It hears the deal. If you do do that, and it's great fun, do

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it at home in the garden. Please get in contact with the mammal

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Society through our website and tell them what you've found by the

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They really want to know what animals you find. There's a guide

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to the footprints on our website. What about the slightly bigger

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animals? Back here, I expect some of you at home may already have

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these. This is a trap camera. That is simply activated by movement. It

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takes pictures of any passing animals. Animals, like us, would

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they want to pass through the difficult areas? No. They'd much

0:27:220:27:26

rather walk down an existing path. We are going to put trap cameras up

0:27:260:27:36
0:27:360:27:37

and down the path over the weekend We might get an otter, a fox or

0:27:370:27:43

even a badger. Lots of you have been getting in contact with us by

0:27:430:27:47

social media, talking about badgers and the badger cull which is now

0:27:470:27:50

set to go ahead in Somerset and Gloucestershire, starting this

0:27:500:27:54

weekend. We are very aware it's an emotional subject, lots of you are

0:27:540:27:58

very passionate about it and there are very strong opinions on both

0:27:580:28:03

sides of what is a complex issue. If you'd like to know the science

0:28:030:28:07

behind the debate, or if you'd like to keep up-to-date with the news,

0:28:070:28:12

then go to our website. There's the chance for you to have your say and

0:28:120:28:21

give your opinion. I'm sure plenty of you will do just that. Plenty of

0:28:210:28:25

you contributed last night. We launched our kestrel count. Already

0:28:250:28:31

that website has had 10,000 hits. 2500 people have marked up where

0:28:310:28:38

they've seen kestrels. We even had one in America. That is pretty

0:28:380:28:44

good! We really want to do get involved. Don't sit at home

0:28:440:28:49

thinking, I'm so bored. With the USA involved, we need you. So make

0:28:490:28:54

sure you get out there this weekend. The details on the website. Put up

0:28:540:29:03

those reports because we need them. In just one day we had 2500. We do

0:29:030:29:13
0:29:130:29:18

have a new nest for you. Let's go From my point of view, this is a

0:29:180:29:23

really special species. This is presumably the female, and she is

0:29:230:29:28

proving some chicks that hatched just a couple of days ago. It is a

0:29:280:29:33

grasshopper warbler. They have had mixed fortunes in recent times

0:29:330:29:38

throughout the 60s, 70s and 80s they were in serious decline but in

0:29:380:29:41

the last few years they have greatly increased their numbers. We

0:29:410:29:45

think this is because of conditions and Africa. They are migrants. They

0:29:450:29:50

go back to Senegal and Gambia in the winter. Conditions there have

0:29:500:29:53

improved, but clearly in their safe European homes, things are getting

0:29:540:29:59

better as well. Let's look at what has been happening here. The chicks

0:29:590:30:03

are in the nest. One of the eggs has not hatched. The nest is built

0:30:030:30:09

by both of the parents but what the bird. They are skulking. They are

0:30:090:30:18

like mice. They rarely fly more than 50 centimetres above the grass.

0:30:180:30:27

Another bird is going to come in with some food. They eat insects.

0:30:270:30:34

Presumably the birds are waiting for a foetal sack. Eating that

0:30:340:30:39

might strike you as unpleasant but eating it when they are small, that

0:30:390:30:46

saved stamping it further away. This was recorded a couple of weeks

0:30:460:30:55

ago when the male warbler first appeared. This is an amazing sight.

0:30:550:31:05
0:31:050:31:06

Along, mechanical, monotonous sound, so diagnostic of this species. It

0:31:060:31:11

is producing two notes and it is repeating them 20 or 30 times a

0:31:110:31:16

second. What about that? And the longest ever recorded one, 110

0:31:160:31:26

minutes. And the bird was breathing every 26 seconds. What about that!

0:31:260:31:36

It is like opera. Let's take a look at one of our live cameras. This

0:31:360:31:41

one is sleeping. Can you really notice? The nest, is it hire? We

0:31:410:31:51
0:31:510:31:53

think it probably has. They have been very busy. Let's have a look.

0:31:530:31:58

We have got both of them. Probably the female sitting on the eggs. The

0:31:580:32:04

male is coming in. They have been really busy doing this, building a

0:32:040:32:14
0:32:140:32:16

nest up and up. The reason we see them building it up, that is

0:32:160:32:21

because the water level could rise. But it does not seem to be, is so

0:32:210:32:26

it could be because the eggs are going to hatch. We hope they will

0:32:260:32:30

not build it so much that we do not see them hatching. There will be

0:32:300:32:35

seven, and when they hatch, there really will be a magnificent seven.

0:32:350:32:39

They are like two little black pom- poms stuck together. You know, like

0:32:390:32:45

used to make as a kid. You probably didn't! Fingers crossed they will

0:32:450:32:50

hatch soon because they will be adorable. That will be fantastic.

0:32:500:32:54

Iolo Williams has been looking at fantastic birds himself. Let's go

0:32:540:33:02

back to him in the search of hen harriers One More Time.

0:33:020:33:06

Welcome back to the beautiful heather moorland where we have a

0:33:060:33:10

camera live on a hen harrier nesting bank. Are there any? Let's

0:33:100:33:18

have a look. No! Surprisingly, no. I will tell you why that is. If you

0:33:180:33:23

come down with me, in among the heather, you can sue the nest. The

0:33:230:33:32

heather will come all the way up to my waist. The female will be

0:33:320:33:36

hunkered down on the nest and she does all the incubation because the

0:33:360:33:39

brown colour blends in with the heather. Through courtship,

0:33:390:33:43

intubation, right up until the chicks are seven to 10 days old,

0:33:430:33:48

the male does the hunting. And food plays an important part in the

0:33:480:33:55

courtship process. When the male passes through to the female, that

0:33:550:34:01

is truly spectacular. -- passes through OUT.

0:34:010:34:08

In spring, they perform a stunning display. As the male approaches the

0:34:080:34:16

female, who whistled to let her know that that he is overhead. The

0:34:160:34:20

male must convince the female that he is capable of providing enough

0:34:200:34:27

food, and she must put on enough weight to lay her eggs. This

0:34:270:34:30

acrobatic display continues throughout the nesting season and

0:34:300:34:40
0:34:400:34:44

And the male does not go anywhere near that nest, that is because

0:34:440:34:48

against the dark background the light colouring is so obvious. He

0:34:480:34:53

would draw the attention of crows, ravens and foxes. Unfortunately,

0:34:530:34:58

the weather up here has not been very good. Bad weather has made

0:34:580:35:02

their lives very difficult. It rained the day before yesterday and

0:35:020:35:06

most of yesterday and first thing this morning. We were quite worried.

0:35:060:35:13

How wildlife cameraman was in his hide before first light. When the

0:35:130:35:19

rain eased up a little bit before mid-morning, this is what he saw.

0:35:190:35:23

The male coming in. It is still raining, but he is coming in with

0:35:230:35:28

prey. He is obviously an excellent male, providing food for the female.

0:35:280:35:33

Up he goes, and he passes the food. That is fantastic. For anyone who

0:35:330:35:38

has ever worked on hen harriers, and has worried after days of bad

0:35:380:35:44

weather, when you see a food pass like that, the relief is incredible.

0:35:440:35:48

The header is intensively managed here. It used to be burned and

0:35:480:35:56

these days it is known by the RSPB. If you know it, then you can

0:35:560:36:02

attract some small birds. One of the things that I was eager to

0:36:020:36:11

learn, was whether the late spring has affected the small birds. It is

0:36:110:36:16

not just the hen harriers that returned to breed on this moorland

0:36:160:36:21

every spring. So do the smaller birds that they prey on. It is the

0:36:210:36:27

perfect habitat for ground-nesting birds like wind chat, and meadow

0:36:270:36:34

pip it. I have joined forces with this RSPB warden to find out how

0:36:340:36:41

the birds are doing. There is a male one on the end of the heather

0:36:410:36:50

there. Each spring, he carries out a survey of these birds. He makes a

0:36:500:36:53

record of all the different species that he sees and hears and he keeps

0:36:530:36:58

an eye out for any nesting and Court of activity. This gives a

0:36:580:37:04

good estimate of how successful the breeding season will be. Every

0:37:040:37:12

sighting is recorded on the map. What do the symbols mean? That is

0:37:120:37:22

it taking off, calling and the singing. So with the late spring,

0:37:220:37:30

has that affected the brace species? The skylarks? They are

0:37:300:37:34

waiting in the lower feels to go back on to the moorland to breed.

0:37:340:37:40

It is just so cold. Small birds mostly eat insects and The Mall and

0:37:400:37:45

provide them with plenty of food. Despite the long winter this year,

0:37:450:37:48

it seems that activity is now heating up on this particular patch.

0:37:480:37:58
0:37:580:37:58

And it is not just us watching this. Male harrier up there. You had

0:37:580:38:07

better put that one in, too! Their breeding success is vital to the

0:38:070:38:11

success of the hen harrier. Their chicks are food for their young,

0:38:110:38:18

and so the hen harrier coincides their nesting period perfectly.

0:38:180:38:25

Everything eats them, kestrels, peregrines, harriers. Don't come

0:38:250:38:32

back as one of the small birds! The hen harriers prosper here because

0:38:320:38:36

there is plenty of prey and because they are protected. As we know,

0:38:360:38:42

this year it is a late spring. The small birds are late breeding. The

0:38:420:38:44

harriers are synchronise their breeding, and they are breeding

0:38:440:38:50

late as well. That means that when they have chicks in the nest, there

0:38:500:38:54

should be plenty of prey around. Fingers crossed, let's go back to

0:38:540:39:00

the live camera one more time. And we are looking at... They have a

0:39:000:39:10
0:39:100:39:11

bank once more. To be honest, I am not surprised. -- and heather Bank

0:39:110:39:17

once more. We are so far above sea- level. But the birds have done well.

0:39:170:39:21

They have reached the egg incubation stage. The weather can

0:39:210:39:27

be awful appear. The good news is that we will pop back here to see

0:39:270:39:31

how the harriers are doing throughout the series. Now, from

0:39:310:39:36

one of the most beautiful parts of Wales, to another stunning area, it

0:39:360:39:41

is back to you at Ynys-hir. Sono live hen harriers but we will

0:39:410:39:46

be checking to see if we can see the birds. They are in trouble

0:39:460:39:49

because of persecution in some parts of the UK, which means they

0:39:490:39:55

could be lost. In a supermarket of their prey, the meadow birds are

0:39:550:40:05
0:40:050:40:09

high on their agenda and we have a life vest here. -- live nest. The

0:40:090:40:13

chicks are doing very well. It is dark. You might wonder why the

0:40:130:40:23
0:40:230:40:25

female is not there. They only sit on them after five -- for up to

0:40:250:40:31

five days. This is the habitat where they are, open habitat. They

0:40:310:40:40

feed principally on flies. 50% of their diet is flies, 14% beetles,

0:40:400:40:50
0:40:500:40:51

9% spiders. It 0.2%, maybe I should have rounded up, moths! The male is

0:40:510:40:55

probably passing the insect to the female, gives up then decides to

0:40:550:41:01

feed them itself. And just like the reed bunting, they will leave the

0:41:010:41:07

nest before they can fly. Up to four days before they can fly. That

0:41:070:41:12

strategy seems to be prevalent among the ground-nesting birds.

0:41:120:41:16

still makes them very vulnerable and they would be a tasty snack for

0:41:160:41:20

the buzzards. This is our buzzards nest. The chicks seems to be doing

0:41:200:41:27

very well and the parents are doing well at bringing them up. Let's

0:41:270:41:31

take a look at that nest. It is made of twigs but there is green we

0:41:310:41:39

around it as well, which is Scots pine. That is a beautiful shot of

0:41:390:41:45

one of the adults. He flies into the nest. What is in it? It is oak

0:41:450:41:50

leaves. Why have they got the green stuff in there? It is thought that

0:41:500:41:57

perhaps they use the natural insecticides. There is a resin in

0:41:570:42:01

the Scots pine and tannin in the oak leaves to repel insects. That

0:42:010:42:05

is the theory that we have got, but there is a flawed because the

0:42:050:42:12

tannin would have to be ingested to make a difference. The pine has got

0:42:120:42:16

aromatic qualities. Lots of birds of prey bring in the pine, but I

0:42:160:42:23

think the old leaves might have just fallen in! They might be

0:42:230:42:26

decorating the nest, trying to camouflage it. There might be more

0:42:260:42:34

to it. If you were watching it earlier in the week, the love dance

0:42:340:42:43

might have peaked your interest. After a good romp, snails need good

0:42:430:42:53
0:42:530:42:53

Spring is the growing season, and for our garden snails, gourmet

0:42:530:43:00

dining becomes an option. These snails have an appetite to satisfy,

0:43:000:43:05

but the journey from their daytime hiding place to reach the rows of

0:43:050:43:15
0:43:150:43:17

vegetables is anything but easy. In A misplaced broken bottle and the

0:43:170:43:27
0:43:270:43:33

snail must conquer its own Mount It takes these peaks of broken

0:43:330:43:42

glass in its stride as it shimmies up and over the sharpest point.

0:43:420:43:46

Waves of muscular contraction moving down the underside of the

0:43:460:43:54

foot power of the snail up and over. Up higher is the perfect place to

0:43:540:44:00

catch a whiff of anything that is going on. Not just the food end

0:44:000:44:06

goal, but any threats lurking about. This agile Centipede is one of the

0:44:060:44:12

most aggressive predators found in the garden. Rather than 100 legs,

0:44:120:44:17

it has actually only got 30, but it is on the lookout for insects and

0:44:170:44:22

spiders for its meal. Even as male. Once found, it will paralyse its

0:44:220:44:29

prey with venomous jaws. This carnivorous ground beetle is also

0:44:290:44:39
0:44:390:44:43

The final hurdle to a midnight feast is a barrier of eggshell laid

0:44:430:44:48

optimistically by the gardener, to stop this male in its tracks.

0:44:480:44:54

However, are breaking in the shell barrier, and this opportunistic

0:44:540:45:04
0:45:040:45:09

takes advantage and sneaks through. Our her before has finally reached

0:45:090:45:19
0:45:190:45:22

It tucks into the sweet, young lettuce leaves and munches them

0:45:220:45:28

with its tongue. It has rows of minute teeth, and it is unique to

0:45:280:45:32

molluscs. It quite literally rasps its way through the vegetable

0:45:320:45:42

material. All too soon the tell- tale signs of a snail in the

0:45:420:45:52
0:45:520:45:53

vegetable patch of beginning to show. As the night draws to a close,

0:45:530:45:57

the snails stop what they are doing and retreat to a safe hiding-place,

0:45:580:46:07

ready to rest until they next wild night in the garden. That film has

0:46:070:46:12

made me extremely worried about my broad beans back home! Anyway, come

0:46:120:46:17

into my garden. It's the RSPB site managers garden. It will be teeming

0:46:170:46:24

with snails. But we've seen the snails in action. Can we hear the

0:46:250:46:29

snails in action? We set our expert Tsonga Gordon a challenge, so that

0:46:290:46:35

we could hear snails actually eating. It's quite a difficult

0:46:350:46:40

thing. He tried with soft lettuce leaves, but he found the only way

0:46:400:46:47

to do what was to find a lovely, juicy cranberry very -- Berry. The

0:46:470:46:57
0:46:570:47:15

You go up to a window and you put some sugar solution on the glass.

0:47:160:47:24

Add your garden snail, can you see that? You can see right up at the

0:47:240:47:31

front, the mouth parts. You can also see the waves of muscular

0:47:310:47:37

movement passing down the food. That's something you can do at home.

0:47:370:47:43

Get those snails on the windowsill. Remember our quiz. Let us have

0:47:430:47:49

another look at that science- fiction monster. What is it? A lot

0:47:490:47:59

of you got it right. Derek Moore, Sarah Butler, congratulations. It

0:47:590:48:06

is a tiger beetle. A tiger beetle is a fearsome predator in the

0:48:060:48:11

garden. They can move... It's been measured at 5 mph. That would make

0:48:110:48:15

it one of the fastest land predators on earth, if you scaled

0:48:150:48:20

it up. Long legs for running at high speed, huge eyes foreseeing

0:48:200:48:25

its prey. They're like a warm-up before they go. When you look at

0:48:250:48:33

their jaws, they are really It's a fearsome creature. If you

0:48:330:48:38

get up close to one, it will take off. I've found one of those are my

0:48:380:48:48
0:48:480:48:51

garden. I found those -- loads of these. Food doesn't keep a Pardon

0:48:510:49:01

list? I've got about 32 on my list. Never underestimate the wide-leg in

0:49:010:49:08

your garden. To find out what is in their regular garden, Anna Lo,

0:49:080:49:17

Michaela, Chris and I went forward and undertook a BioBlitz. The

0:49:170:49:21

purpose of our exercise is to conduct a BioBlitz. It's an audit

0:49:210:49:26

of his garden, in terms of its species diversity. We've split into

0:49:260:49:30

two teams. We are going to try and count the number of different

0:49:300:49:35

invertebrates, birds and plants, any life form that we can find, in

0:49:350:49:40

one hour. You've got to identify it at species level and provide its

0:49:400:49:50
0:49:500:50:09

correct scientific name correctly Look, a frog. Common frog. Look at

0:50:090:50:19
0:50:190:50:20

that! The great black slug. Dandelion. How did the dandelion

0:50:200:50:30
0:50:300:50:32

get its name? It means truth of the lion. Look, we've got loads of

0:50:320:50:39

woodlice. And worms. I R Loe, I might need some help identifying

0:50:390:50:49
0:50:490:50:54

their names. I don't think they are wild. I'm at sweeper netting.

0:50:540:51:01

Martin sweep as much as he likes. It's time wasting. Flies. Getting

0:51:010:51:05

them to species level will be tricky but I know what I'll do -

0:51:050:51:15
0:51:150:51:19

I'll lie! Michaela, I've got another one here. A nice, big it

0:51:190:51:26

Centipede. A housefly. Cleavers, that is what these are. They are

0:51:260:51:36
0:51:360:51:37

wild raspberries. Lots of wood lice. I think there are 46 different

0:51:370:51:47
0:51:470:51:49

species of British woodlice. Quick, quick. They be slow worms. Loads of

0:51:490:51:57

them. These are last year's Young. I think we should get extra points

0:51:580:52:07

for something more interesting. Underneath corrugated iron is a

0:52:070:52:13

fantastic place to look. Possibly a slowworm if we are really lucky. A

0:52:130:52:18

slug. Centipede - did you see that? One of those ones were you never

0:52:180:52:25

know with the head is at one end or the other. A different sort of

0:52:250:52:30

species of Centipede. That's a much more fearsome looking one. You can

0:52:300:52:37

get Centre breeds -- centipedes abroad exactly like that that of 12

0:52:370:52:47
0:52:470:52:48

Martin, Williams is in their rivalling around, pretending he's

0:52:480:52:57

looking for his car keys. 36 new species in here. Nothing at all, I

0:52:570:53:07
0:53:070:53:08

really wouldn't bother going in there. Very disappointing.

0:53:080:53:18

Greenfinch. On the line there. Chris, do you fancy a bit of

0:53:180:53:28
0:53:280:53:33

puttering together? A plethora of woodlice. Someone at Kew Gardens

0:53:330:53:37

once told me that the British slug species were extraordinary

0:53:370:53:40

difficult to separate in terms of their physical appearance. But

0:53:400:53:45

there was a lady in Bristol, a scientist, who could do so by

0:53:450:53:55
0:53:550:54:01

licking their because they had a Martin, where his Chris? I don't

0:54:010:54:11
0:54:110:54:14

know. We are doing all right. Spying on him up. I've got to keep

0:54:140:54:24
0:54:240:54:36

Michaela? I'm afraid I must draw this hour to a close. Announced.

0:54:360:54:46
0:54:460:54:54

That is good going. 62 is all we've It was a lot of fun but I hate to

0:54:540:54:58

tell you this. There is a recount. There's a thought that you might

0:54:580:55:06

have cheated. In fact, you admitted to it. Aside from the competitive

0:55:060:55:10

edge there is a serious thing. This weekend is BioBlitz weekend. If you

0:55:100:55:14

go to the website you can download one of these sheets. We'd like as

0:55:140:55:18

many people as possible to get out into their gardens and perform

0:55:180:55:27

their own BioBlitz. You can take the species off. As you know, this

0:55:270:55:31

is all part of our Summer of Wildlife season. On that same

0:55:310:55:36

website you can now find your Summer of Wildlife guide. You can

0:55:360:55:40

flick through this online and print the pages that you particularly

0:55:400:55:46

want. There's something for everyone in here. A bit of tracking,

0:55:460:55:50

other ways you can engage with the great British wildlife. Do try and

0:55:500:55:57

do that. Let's go to our live cameras. We've got a brand new live

0:55:570:56:04

camera. It's a blackbird. Some eggs have just hatched out underneath.

0:56:040:56:09

We are ending this week on a brand new one. We'll be following that

0:56:100:56:15

nest. It's very dark, we haven't quite got the lights on her yet. We

0:56:160:56:25
0:56:260:56:26

will go to the marsh camera now. A beautiful swan. Any more cameras?

0:56:260:56:36
0:56:360:56:46

Anything exciting? Meadow pipit. I tell you what, we've got 15

0:56:460:56:50

seconds left. I've been sent in a joke by Matthew Christian. He said,

0:56:500:56:54

did I tell you about our bird of prey? He goes out at night and

0:56:540:57:02

plays in a band. Our kestrel manoeuvres in the dark. A fabulous

0:57:020:57:09

end to a week. Take a look at this. This is the highlights of all the

0:57:090:57:19
0:57:190:57:19

Apology for the loss of subtitles for 48 seconds

0:57:190:58:07

things we've seen in our first week What a week! There are two more

0:58:070:58:12

weeks to go and will be back on Monday at 8pm. Keep a close look on

0:58:120:58:16

all of our cameras, particularly the jackdaws. Let's hope they don't

0:58:160:58:22

get another battering. Next week we will be taking a look at our

0:58:220:58:27

seabirds. Some beautiful individuals. Close relatives of the

0:58:270:58:35

cormorant. What a tuft of hare! what of the dolphins doing in

0:58:360:58:43

Aberdeen harbour? Springwatch Extra will be on straight after us. If

0:58:430:58:48

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