Autumn Wales in Four Seasons


Autumn

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Autumn has arrived in Wales.

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The days are shortening and the sun sits lower in the sky.

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For most of us,

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the slow preparations for winter are underway.

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But for those who still live by the seasons,

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this is when things really come alive.

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I'm Renee Godfrey,

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and as a surfer, my life has always been controlled by the seasons.

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In 2011, I want to find out

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what these seasons mean to the people of Wales.

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In the coming months,

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I'll be exploring the lives of those people thriving in autumn.

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HE SHOUTS: Keep going! Keep going!

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'I want to learn the do's and don'ts of autumn foraging.'

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-Pull it like that.

-That looks horrible!

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Left, left!

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'And take the reins for some horse logging

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-'with Wales' most flatulent horse.'

-HORSE BREAKS WIND

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-Pardon you, Kip!

-THEY LAUGH

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That is protest to work, isn't it?!'

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'Now is the time when nature is in full glory.

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'And for the people that live off the land,

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'a chance to enjoy the year's great harvest.'

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TREE CRACKS

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It's November in North Wales.

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I've been visiting Gareth Wyn Jones' family farm

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in the Caernarfon Mountains since the spring.

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The arrival of autumn has brought the sheep down off the hills

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to the warmth of the valleys below.

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And with the mountains now free of livestock,

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a very different beast is taking to the slopes.

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ENGINES ROAR

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Since I first met Gareth, ten months ago,

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we've been talking about this day constantly in a really excited way.

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And all the local guys have started to arrive now

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on their quad bikes and dirt bikes, ready to march out

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across 5,000 acres of the mountain area round here

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and gather in, somehow, all the wild ponies.

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In the hills behind Gareth's farm live Wales' largest population

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of wild mountain ponies.

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They've survived here for thousands of years,

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and the last remaining animals are now managed by the local farmers.

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Each autumn, they're gathered in to check on the health of the herd.

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It's important to get the male foals off and the old mares,

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because the male foals will be in-breeding with their mothers

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and we don't want that.

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We've got to take them, and we've got to take the old mares,

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because it's not fair for them to be dying here over the winter.

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So it is a management place, but you've got to remember,

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they're only gathered once a year. It's the only time

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they're going to have any human contact in a whole twelve months.

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The mountains are common grazing land,

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so the round-up brings together all the farmers

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and their friends who keep livestock here in the summer.

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Lads! Come on! Pull round, go on!

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You're on the council now! HE LAUGHS

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Who's going down the Conwy?

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Mark? Geth? Yeah?

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Come on then, lads. Let's go and get some wild ponies.

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These boys mean serious business.

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They've got spare fuel in their quads,

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they've got bottles of fuel in their rucksacks,

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they've got changes of clothes,

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and they're all bombing off now to start gathering them all in.

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It is seriously exciting.

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In the 19th Century, there were over 1,000 ponies on the mountain.

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They were an important part of the local economy,

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as farmers traded them with mining companies and other local industries.

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Gareth's family's been involved in the round-up for generations,

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and everyone still has a role to play.

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-You'll be on this ravine here, on the edge.

-OK.

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On the bottom here.

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-And you'll be running up and down, turning these ponies.

-Yeah.

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I don't want to be seeing you standing there.

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So I've got to try and run as fast as the horses?

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Faster. But you've got to use your head.

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-OK.

-OK? So you've got to be quite a bit in front of them,

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-making a lot of noise.

-Yeah.

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Usually it would be enough to turn them.

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-If they're still coming, then you face them and come into them.

-OK.

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As the quad bikes head off, an army of helpers sit tight,

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waiting to channel the first wave of ponies down the hill.

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ENGINE ROARS

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GARETH YELLS

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I've got to get up to this stone area here,

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so hopefully I can just kind of signpost

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and stop the horses going too far over this way.

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But there's about 20 coming.

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I've just seen about five or six pour off the side of the mountain.

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There's another 20 on their way.

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Gareth has given me the job of guarding the ridge,

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trying to stop the ponies galloping back into the hills.

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I can see some on the hill here.

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I'm now heading in the wrong direction.

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It's hard because I can't keep up with them because they run so fast!

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There! There! There!

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RENEE PANTS

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But another group has broken free,

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and is heading out through a gap in the line.

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SHE YELLS

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-No, go this way!

-SHE YELLS

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(GARETH SHOUTS) This side again!

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Keep going! Keep going!

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Gareth swoops in to the rescue, and turns them down the hill.

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-HE LAUGHS

-Good one!

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-I'm knackered!

-You're tired?! You're on that!

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I'll tell you one thing, look at the sweat on me!

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It's hard work going up and down those sides!

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When you just shouted then, "Keep going!"

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I felt like I had to run up some travelator.

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-My knees were going numb.

-Good job!

-Oh, God!

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Good job! Brilliant.

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Right, we're going to get on now. We can't stand about again.

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-OK.

-Head to this way now.

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-Yeah.

-The majority of them...look, there's some turning back here.

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I'll give these a turn.

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You go on to that next bit there and you'll see down.

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We're on the plateau then. I need you there.

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-Come on, let's rock and roll!

-That nearly killed me!

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It takes the farmers three days

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to round up all 200 ponies off the mountain.

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-Go on!

-SHE WHISTLES

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Where do you want them to go?

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That way?

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It's really exhausting, and we have to work as a tight unit

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-to prevent any ponies from escaping.

-SHE YELLS

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After a full day, the groups are coming together

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on a wall at the base of the mountain.

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It's like a sea!

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A sea of ponies, all pouring off the side of the mountain!

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It's absolutely beautiful!

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They're just galloping along!

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For many of these young horses,

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this will be the first human contact they've had.

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This is the last truly wild mountain herd in Britain.

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Oh, that is a fantastic sight!

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-Wild West...

-Oh, my God!

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-..of North Wales!

-That is crazy!

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As the ponies head down the mountain,

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the farmers close in, corralling them towards a neighbour's farm.

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All the ponies are owned by different farmers,

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and their tails are cut each year to show they've been gathered.

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-Well, you see this red one here?

-Yeah.

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He's got a very, very long tail.

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-Does that mean he hasn't been in for ages?

-He's never been in, I'd say.

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Cos he's no ear mark or anything on him.

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So the ones with the shorter tails you can tell...

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They were in last year.

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Each old mare has their own distinct ear markings,

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and the farmers have to separate out the families to find out

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which pony belongs to which farmer.

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-These are ours, are they?

-Yes. They're yours now.

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Oh, good. Right, mine!

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-You can take 'em home tonight.

-SHE LAUGHS

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In the corral, the young stallions and old mares are separated.

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The stallions will be moved to a special conservation farm,

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whilst the old mares, who wouldn't survive another winter,

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will live out their last days in the valley's rich pastures.

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These ponies are now so rare that the farmers are

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involved in a project to map their DNA.

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PONIES NEIGH

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Today, a scientist from Liverpool University

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is collecting hair samples.

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What is it you're looking for? The very tips?

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The hair cells. Right at the very tip, these are the root cells.

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-You can just see the white bits at the end.

-Yeah.

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So I only need about ten of these per pony,

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and then you can extract the DNA and analyse it and get the pedigree.

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By analysing the genetic make-up of each pony,

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they can measure the health of the herd

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and ensure that in-breeding

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doesn't damage the future of this unique species.

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This is just traditional farming that you'll see nowhere else.

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This is how it was done years and years and years ago.

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These have been up there since the Celts.

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You're talking about thousands of years.

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Because nobody knows about these ponies.

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They've never had rare breed status. Nobody wants to know about them.

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But they are very important for us as a community.

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HE LAUGHS

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It's been a real privilege to see these ponies up close.

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Their lives rest in the hands of these farmers, whose own future,

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like that of the ponies, is so closely connected to the mountains.

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RADIO: 'We're in for another warm day, but compared with yesterday,

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'we've got a little bit more in the way of cloud,

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'especially the further West you are.'

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Autumn in Wales is a real time of plenty.

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And for my old friend, Andrew Price,

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it's a chance to raid nature's larder

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on the Gower Peninsula.

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-Hi, Ren!

-Good to see you!

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Ah! You all right?

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Yes, absolutely! So what's the plan?

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Well, you told me we've got an autumnal challenge, have we?

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We have, exactly! Autumn is the time of harvest,

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so it's the time when everything is ripened

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and it's at its best for harvesting. So what we'll do is try

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and make a three course meal using mostly what we can find in the wild.

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-HE KICKS METAL

-Oops!

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There are a staggering 314 edible species of plant in the UK.

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For thousands of years, they were a big part of our diet

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and also vital ingredients in some of our traditional medicines.

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And whilst I've had some experience of woodland plants,

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Andrew starts me off WAY outside my comfort zone.

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-Oh, nice!

-What is that?

-So that's a puffball.

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I mean, to me, I can see it's a mushroom,

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but it's not the normal shape that I would expect a mushroom to be,

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-in that it doesn't have a stalk.

-Sure.

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That's a common puffball,

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which is a pretty distinctive species of fungi

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which is fairly easy to identify.

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But one danger you do have with these is they can look

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quite similar to poisonous mushrooms in their juvenile state.

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So you've got to be really careful,

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and if you've got the slightest doubt

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that you've got an edible mushroom,

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then it's best to just leave it alone.

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Hey, look at this one. It's a bit squidgier than the other ones.

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-It is. And yet, if you just...

-Oh, wow!

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..if you pull it like that, it's pretty disgusting inside, isn't it?

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-Oh, that looks horrible!

-Yeah.

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When they've gone full-term, they start to fill up with spores.

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So they're not really worth eating then.

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But the spores have antiseptic properties,

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so they've been used in the past as wound dressings

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-Really?

-Yeah.

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That's great, isn't it?

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'Mushrooms are a great treasure of autumn foraging,

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'but only 50 of the 2,000 species we have in Wales are edible.

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'They need the ground to have warmed up over the summer to emerge,

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'and they thrive in the damp, autumn conditions.

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Ooh! Look at these ones!

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Oh, well spotted, Ren! That's fantastic!

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Oh, wow! Do you know, I've seen these so many times

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and I'm never confident enough to pick them.

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I'm just never entirely sure whether they're edible or not.

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-No, those are beauties!

-What are they?

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These are parasol mushrooms, which are fantastic eating. Really good.

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-And they can grow, you know, maybe five times that size.

-Wow!

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-You can find some absolutely massive ones around.

-Gosh!

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-Yeah, really good.

-So can we pick these and take them?

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Yeah, I think we definitely should.

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-Now THAT is a proper-looking mushroom!

-That is lovely.

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Now the indicator with these is the colour

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and also that this ring here

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should move freely up and down the stem there.

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Brilliant. Well done!

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-Well spotted, Ren!

-Yeah!

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'Around every corner, we find new treats.

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'Andrew's wealth of knowledge allows him to put together

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'a different course at each location we visit.

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'And he thinks the sea shore is where we'll find our salad.'

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-It's marshy here, isn't it?

-It is.

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It's a perfect environment, and there's loads of it around.

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It's marsh samphire.

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And if you look at it,

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it's got a bit of a red colour to it at the moment.

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-Oh, yeah! They call this poor man's asparagus, isn't it?

-Yeah.

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-Or sea asparagus, some people call it.

-OK.

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It's actually past its best, but it still tastes OK.

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It should be a vibrant green colour.

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-It's going a little bit red.

-It tastes all right.

-Yeah.

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It's become quite popular, hasn't it, in shi-shi restaurants?

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-Yeah, and they charge an arm and a leg and it grows everywhere.

-It's free here!

-Exactly.

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With brimming pots, we head to the wood to collect pudding,

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only to stumble on a tasty surprise.

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Oh, here we go. This is sea purslane, which is fantastic.

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Gosh, a sea purslane? I've never heard of it.

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Green. It's lovely stuff.

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-I prefer eating this to marsh samphire...

-Really?

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..despite the fact that you don't sell it in any restaurants.

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-It's not very commonly used. But it tastes delicious.

-Just eat it raw?

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You can eat it raw or just lightly steamed. Really very tasty.

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-That's actually lovely.

-Mm.

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It's a bit like samphire, kind of salty, crunchy, juicy.

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'Autumn has always been an important time of year,

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'a last chance to stock up on all the fruits that would see you through the winter.

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'And the craft of preserving them is once again growing in popularity.'

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So what is your sloe gin-making technique?

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-I'd normally get a litre bottle...

-Yeah.

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Put about a quarter full of sloes.

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-OK.

-About 400 grams of sugar.

-Yeah.

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And then top it off with gin and just keep shaking it every day until it all dissolved.

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Leave it for a while, normally at least three months,

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and you end up with the most delicious drink.

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Yum. They look like big, juicy blackcurrants,

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but that really isn't how they taste at all.

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They're actually really bitter, kind of like a very unripe plum.

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But you can get rid of a lot of that bitterness and that tannin

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by bruising them and letting them dry out.

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They become a little bit more edible then.

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With our free food gathering done, we head back to camp for a cook up.

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And in keeping with the day, Andrew sparks up a fire, bushcraft style.

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Two trout appear from his rucksack as the sun sets behind the trees.

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It's really interesting, you know. We've been out foraging all day,

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got a table full of food there that we've gathered,

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and you just realise that actually we're surrounded by a living larder.

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It's really easy to forget that when you buy your food from shops

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where everything's readily available and you can get blackberries in the summer

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and in the springtime,

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and nothing really has its season. But actually, when you come out

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and you really get amongst it in nature,

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you realise that there's certain timing for certain things.

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And it makes you appreciate them more, actually.

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-Some greens, Mr Price?

-Why not.

-Look at that, look at that.

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Ah, this is the perfect end to a great day, Andrew. Thank you.

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Oh, it's a pleasure.

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Look at what we've got, an absolute feast.

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Muddy, sandy and smelling of wood smoke,

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it was one of the best meals of the year.

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Autumn rolls into November.

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Turning leaves transform our woodlands,

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and as the greens of summer fade into the browns of autumn,

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I'm off to explore another type of harvest that's beginning in the woods.

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The ancient art of horse logging

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has remained largely unchanged for centuries.

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-Hi, morning.

-Morning, how are you?

-I'm very well, thanks. And you?

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'Kate Mobbs-Morgan, with her horse Kip,

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'runs one of Wales's busiest horse logging companies.'

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Just shove his bum around.

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-Quite a bum to shove around.

-It sure is!

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'With a simple trailer and a lot of horsepower,

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'they shift hundreds of tonnes of timber

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'out of the forests throughout the autumn.'

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The collar goes on first.

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-Yeah.

-We'll put the main harness on that goes around that.

0:18:020:18:06

We're coming into our busiest time of year.

0:18:060:18:09

September to March is the traditional time for this type of work.

0:18:090:18:12

We're not disturbing ground-nesting birds at this time of year.

0:18:120:18:15

Everyone's finished nesting and we can come in without disturbing anyone.

0:18:150:18:18

In the 1950s, there were more than 400 horses working in British forests.

0:18:200:18:25

Tough men and even tougher horses

0:18:250:18:28

dragged millions of trees to our busy sawmills.

0:18:280:18:32

But as tractors took over the forest, horse logging declined.

0:18:320:18:36

It survived only in forests that were too inaccessible for the big machines to enter.

0:18:380:18:43

And the success of a horse logger, as I was about to find out,

0:18:450:18:49

depended on that close bond between horse and human.

0:18:490:18:54

Right, if I give you these for a moment, I'll pop him into the arch.

0:18:540:18:57

-Thank you.

-Good boy. Nice and steady, love.

0:18:570:18:59

Here's hoping he doesn't bolt while I'm holding on.

0:19:000:19:04

-Right, we're ready to go.

-OK.

-The command for forward is "walk on,"

0:19:040:19:07

-so if you give him a little tap and ask him to walk forward.

-Walk on.

0:19:070:19:11

-It works.

-It does.

0:19:110:19:12

And if you give the command at the same time as pushing on the pressure...

0:19:120:19:16

-OK.

-What are my commands other than "walk on"?

0:19:160:19:18

-What you need to know today is "come over," for left.

-Yep.

0:19:180:19:23

-"Get away" will take him right.

-OK.

-"Steady, whoa" to stop.

0:19:230:19:27

-And he will come back, he will reverse if you use "back."

-OK.

0:19:270:19:31

Horse logging is undergoing a small revival at the moment.

0:19:310:19:36

Its lightweight machinery causes much less damage in the autumn woodland.

0:19:360:19:40

People are beginning to realise all over again

0:19:440:19:46

that environmentally that we make a lot less impact,

0:19:460:19:49

-we can work in much smaller spaces, so we don't need to fell so much timber.

-Yeah.

0:19:490:19:53

If you're going into a woodland with a big bit of machinery,

0:19:530:19:56

you've got to cut a wide track for the machine to get in,

0:19:560:19:58

a big turning space for them to be able to manoeuvre.

0:19:580:20:02

With the horses, you can leave more of the crop in the woodland

0:20:020:20:05

and just work through in a much smaller space.

0:20:050:20:08

'But today Kate is working in a densely planted coniferous forest.

0:20:080:20:13

'The trees are so close together that only a horse can get in here.

0:20:130:20:17

'And she's given the reins to me.'

0:20:170:20:21

-Good boy.

-Steady. Steady. Whoa, whoa, whoa!

0:20:230:20:27

Step over. Good boy. Good boy.

0:20:270:20:30

Stop him there. Whoa.

0:20:300:20:32

-Steady.

-Steady. Nice and gentle.

0:20:320:20:34

Nice and steady.

0:20:340:20:36

Nice and steady, love. Nice and steady, mate. Good boy.

0:20:390:20:42

Nice and steady. Whoa-hoa. Steady. Steady. Nice and gentle.

0:20:420:20:47

-That is absolutely spot-on.

-Is that OK?

-That's perfect. Yes, well done.

0:20:470:20:51

RENEE SIGHS, KATE LAUGHS

0:20:510:20:53

I should have had some L-plates issued this morning.

0:20:530:20:56

I think so, but once you do another 20 tonnes, you'll be absolutely fine.

0:20:560:21:00

-Stand there, love.

-Stand.

0:21:010:21:04

It's quite full-on, isn't it?

0:21:040:21:06

I was ready for a nice relax in the forest.

0:21:060:21:09

I'm looking at the leaves and suddenly you have to really zone in

0:21:090:21:12

-and think about what you're doing, haven't you?

-Yes, you do.

0:21:120:21:14

-It's less work for everybody if you can be quite precise.

-Good boy.

0:21:140:21:18

Good boy. Nice and slowly.

0:21:180:21:21

Steady, love, steady.

0:21:210:21:23

'Now, leading a horse with 200kg of tree dragging behind it

0:21:230:21:28

'is quite a different prospect than when Kip was on his own.'

0:21:280:21:31

-If you want to jump over to this side of the timber...

-Yep.

-That's it.

0:21:310:21:34

-Then you won't bash your ankles as we turn around.

-Whoa, whoa, whoa!

0:21:340:21:39

Come right over. Come over, love. Sorry. Go on.

0:21:390:21:43

-We're stuck.

-You can do it. Good boy. Good boy.

0:21:430:21:46

Keeping those two trees on your... That's it.

0:21:460:21:48

Keep him tight to the left. That's it. Left. Left. Whoa! Whoa!

0:21:480:21:53

I'm going to take the lines for a minute. Whoa!

0:21:530:21:56

-Sorry, Renee.

-That's OK.

-Come right over, love. Come right over, love.

0:21:560:22:00

Now stand there. Stand there.

0:22:000:22:01

-OK.

-Come over. Whoa-hoa.

0:22:010:22:05

OK, you need to be really aware of what's going wrong. What's going on.

0:22:050:22:11

-If you try and turn it too tight then it can...

-It can jackknife.

0:22:110:22:15

-Yep.

-Which is what I nearly just did.

0:22:150:22:17

-I've got a bit of a sweat on!

-RENEE LAUGHS

0:22:170:22:20

'Many logging horses weigh close to a tonne

0:22:200:22:24

'but they're often able to lift and drag almost twice their own weight

0:22:240:22:28

'and when an experienced logger like Kate is working fast

0:22:280:22:31

'she can move over 50 logs in a day.'

0:22:310:22:34

Good boy! Good lad. Whoa-hoa! Stand there. And back. Perfect.

0:22:340:22:40

Well done, love.

0:22:400:22:41

It's a really special relationship that Kate's got with Kip.

0:22:410:22:45

She's brought him up from when he was a tiny foal

0:22:450:22:48

and he just really knows her voice

0:22:480:22:51

and they can almost kind of read each other's minds.

0:22:510:22:54

It's extraordinary. There's me trying to direct him along,

0:22:540:22:57

which is all well and good and I can kind of do it a little bit

0:22:570:23:01

but nothing quite like what she's doing.

0:23:010:23:03

Good boy.

0:23:030:23:05

'Whilst horse logging will never replace industrial machinery

0:23:050:23:08

'in the forests, it's fantastic to see it thriving

0:23:080:23:12

'and the benefits it brings to the autumn woodland.'

0:23:120:23:15

'Autumn's nearly over.

0:23:220:23:25

'I'm heading south for one last chance to witness a magical event

0:23:250:23:28

'that brings alive a unique part of the autumn landscape.'

0:23:280:23:32

This time of year we are surrounded by all different signs

0:23:360:23:39

and colours of autumn and it's not just on the ground

0:23:390:23:42

and in the hedges and the treetops that we can see the signs of autumn.

0:23:420:23:46

There's something really special that goes on above our heads.

0:23:460:23:51

'I'm at the Newport Wetlands Centre on the Gwent Levels.

0:23:510:23:54

'438 hectares of marshes

0:23:540:23:57

'and reed beds stretch out towards the River Severn.'

0:23:570:24:00

Kevin.

0:24:000:24:01

'Kevin Dupe has been in charge here for the last two years

0:24:010:24:05

'and he's invited me to glimpse a special local spectacle.'

0:24:050:24:10

What kind of thing can we expect to see this time of year?

0:24:110:24:13

In the autumn, one of the wildlife spectacles you can see in Britain

0:24:130:24:17

is the big starling roosts,

0:24:170:24:19

and they gather together just before dusk

0:24:190:24:21

and fly around in these big formations

0:24:210:24:23

before they go down for the night.

0:24:230:24:25

OK, and what kind of numbers are we talking?

0:24:250:24:27

Well, we've had about 55,000 here in the last few weeks,

0:24:270:24:30

so hopefully you might see them tonight.

0:24:300:24:33

The reed beds provide a rich source of food

0:24:330:24:35

and protection for the visiting birds.

0:24:350:24:37

So eyes to the skies,

0:24:400:24:41

just waiting in anticipation for what's going to happen.

0:24:410:24:44

Any minute now we should start seeing the first few starlings gathering.

0:24:460:24:50

They're arriving back here from a 30-mile radius all around this area.

0:24:500:24:57

The first group of starlings have arrived.

0:25:010:25:04

There's about 30 of them in one little mini-cloud,

0:25:040:25:07

just kind of dancing around.

0:25:070:25:09

So hopefully that'll be the signal for more to arrive.

0:25:090:25:12

There's more and more arriving all the time. More groups.

0:25:200:25:24

It's brilliant watching them twist and turn and dance

0:25:270:25:30

in perfect acrobatic formation.

0:25:300:25:33

Ah, look at that!

0:25:500:25:52

These gatherings of starlings are called murmurations.

0:25:540:25:58

Like giant shoals of fish, they're constantly changing shape,

0:25:580:26:03

twisting and turning in the evening sky.

0:26:030:26:06

They do this to protect themselves from predators.

0:26:060:26:09

It's much harder for a peregrine falcon to isolate a single bird

0:26:090:26:13

when they're flying in such tight formation.

0:26:130:26:17

And their shape is constantly shifting.

0:26:170:26:19

They're all constantly in a nervous state of energy,

0:26:190:26:22

trying to get into the middle.

0:26:220:26:24

Like other swarms,

0:26:260:26:27

starlings do this by watching birds right next to them.

0:26:270:26:32

Studies have shown that each starling tracks the movements

0:26:320:26:35

of seven of its neighbours at a time.

0:26:350:26:37

By monitoring these birds,

0:26:370:26:39

the flock is able to maintain itself as a cohesive force.

0:26:390:26:43

We have starlings in the UK all year round,

0:26:470:26:50

but not in these sorts of numbers.

0:26:500:26:52

The reason that there are so many here at the moment

0:26:520:26:55

is because thousands upon thousands

0:26:550:26:57

have been forced over from Eastern Europe,

0:26:570:26:59

looking for a warmer place to spend the winter

0:26:590:27:01

and more available food,

0:27:010:27:02

but they're not going to hang around here for too long

0:27:020:27:05

because just as it starts to get a bit colder

0:27:050:27:07

here in South Wales, they'll start to head further south again.

0:27:070:27:11

It just is one of the most incredible things

0:27:250:27:27

I think I've ever, ever seen.

0:27:270:27:29

It's partly this area's protected status that encourages

0:27:320:27:35

this acrobatic show.

0:27:350:27:37

If this reserve was lost there is a high chance

0:27:370:27:40

that these starlings would move elsewhere for their murmuration.

0:27:400:27:44

That's it, they've gone.

0:27:590:28:01

Like that, it's over.

0:28:010:28:02

My journey this autumn has taken me to places where landscape,

0:28:050:28:10

wildlife and the seasons come together for moments of real beauty.

0:28:100:28:14

GUNSHOTS

0:28:140:28:16

'Next time I head back up to Gareth's farm

0:28:160:28:19

'to join his winter pheasant shoot.

0:28:190:28:21

'I'll be working with the Brecon Mountain Rescue Team

0:28:210:28:24

'in one of their busiest seasons.'

0:28:240:28:26

Thank you.

0:28:260:28:27

'I'll join the outdoor swimming society for a winter dip.' Ohh, good Lord!

0:28:270:28:30

'And help out at Aberglasny House

0:28:300:28:33

'as they deal with a particularly mild winter.'

0:28:330:28:35

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