Mon, 10 Jul 2017 Ffermio


Mon, 10 Jul 2017

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-Welcome to the programme

-where we'll be discussing change.

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-Before we leave

-the European Union...

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-..Brexit is casting a shadow

-over all our lives.

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-That was the catalyst

-to last week's announcement...

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-..for a plan

-to boost the future of rural Wales.

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-Also on the programme, we find out

-how drama is a powerful weapon...

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-..to interpret the changes

-in farmers' lives following Brexit.

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-Daloni talks to the NFU's

-Livestock Champion Award Winner...

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-..about the changes

-farmers face in the future.

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-Last week, the rural development

-forum for Mid and West Wales...

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-..published a report

-asking for a strategy...

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-..to ensure the success

-of the rural economy.

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-What does that mean for farmers?

-Meinir has the answers.

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-Baroness Eluned Morgan has called

-on the Welsh Government...

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-..to create an economic strategy

-for rural Wales...

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-..to respond to the challenges

-of Brexit and the city regions...

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-..but how practical are these calls?

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-The report has six headlines

-for rural Wales.

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-Infrastructure.

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-Skills and production.

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-Business growth.

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-Promoting food,

-farming and forestry.

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-Local jobs provided

-for local people.

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-Realising the potential of tourism.

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-It was crucial for us

-to publish this report now...

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-..because the Welsh Government

-will publish...

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-..its national economic

-development plan...

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-..within the next month.

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-It was important

-to publish this report...

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-..to influence their ideas about

-how they will develop their plan.

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-The Common Agricultural Policy

-ends in Britain in 18 months' time.

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-We have to react to that

-and prepare for that time.

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-This will have an effect on farming

-and rural communities in general.

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-In addition to that, in Wales...

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-..there are already plans in

-our cities to develop the economy.

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-There's no plan for rural areas

-at the moment...

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-..so it's important

-we start preparing.

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-Do you think the Government

-is doing enough?

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-The European Union

-are currently responsible...

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-..for developing the rural economy.

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-A rural development plan

-already exists but that will end.

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-It was important for me

-to look beyond farming.

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-But farming

-is the heart of rural areas.

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-Farming is important to rural areas,

-of course it is...

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-..but tourism is also important.

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-Without farmers, there's no tourism.

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-I don't want to get involved

-in that debate.

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-We have to work together - we can't

-have a battle in rural areas.

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-The problem for me is the fact that

-our food will have huge tariffs...

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-..especially on Welsh lamb

-and Welsh beef.

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-If that happens, we will struggle

-to sell to markets in Europe.

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-We must look at our own markets.

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-79m people in this country

-eat ready meals weekly.

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-We must ensure that we can add value

-to our food in Wales.

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-We need to generate jobs

-in rural areas.

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-We shouldn't export our food

-unless we've processed it ourselves.

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-Some already do that

-but we need to do a lot, lot more.

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-Penri James, an IBERS lecturer

-in Aberystwyth University...

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-..is aware of the strengths and

-weaknesses of European subsidies...

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-..and the Government's support

-to rural Wales.

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-What's his view on

-the recommendations of this report?

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-These are troubled times...

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-..for rural economies and farming

-as we leave the European Union.

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-Having a debate on the topics

-raised in the report is welcomed.

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-This will contribute

-to the wider debate.

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-We must define

-what the countryside produces.

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-Does it produce food,

-does it produce energy...

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-..or does it produce

-the environment?

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-That forms part of

-the Government's discussions...

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-..and the decisions

-that need to be made.

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-In addition to all this...

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-..we're not clear

-which policies we'll have...

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-..in rural areas in the future.

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-We need an open, public debate

-about this.

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-Does the report suggest that

-the Government hasn't supported...

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-..the countryside up to now?

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-We can be critical

-in numerous ways.

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-There was an eagerness

-to sign city deals...

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-..but there's no eagerness

-to sign rural deals.

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-That's a point that's raised

-in the report itself.

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-Maybe not in those terms...

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-..they want a better relationship

-between city and rural deals...

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-..but the countryside should have

-the same priority as the city.

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-We don't have a big population but

-we still need a good infrastructure.

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-Electricity, roads,

-fast broadband and everything else.

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-Does this report provide some hope

-for the countryside?

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-Let's not be too negative.

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-Rural Wales has some

-wonderful characteristics.

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-It's important

-that we sell those characteristics.

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-It's somewhere that attracts

-a lot of tourists...

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-..and it's also somewhere

-that produces high quality food.

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-It's important we look at what's

-good and sell it across the world...

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-..and make sure

-that we generate income streams...

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-..for the rural economy.

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-You suggested the possibility

-of appointing a commissioner.

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-How much power

-would that commissioner have?

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-This is something the

-Welsh Government has to discuss.

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-What's important to me

-is that the mind-set in Cardiff...

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-..understands that the answers

-to North and South Wales...

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-..aren't necessarily the same

-answers needed for rural Wales.

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-They must be aware

-that when they develop policies...

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-..the answers might be different

-for rural areas.

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-That's the role of the commissioner.

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-We need to continue

-this economic plan...

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-..and emphasise that people in

-rural Wales must push this agenda...

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-..and that it's not something

-we develop from Cardiff.

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-We've heard the thoughts

-of one politician...

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-..about the possibilities

-of rural development in Wales.

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-How do people feel

-beyond the farming industry?

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-I'm visiting the Sherman Theatre

-in Cardiff...

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-..to meet a dramatist who wrote

-a film based on the thoughts...

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-..of one farmer

-and the effect of Brexit on him.

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-..shocked Leave farmers realise

-too late where subsidies come from.

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-BEEP

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-The Guardian asked Gary Owen

-to write a short film...

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-..to respond to Brexit

-from a location in Wales.

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-He was inspired to follow the story

-of someone in the world of farming.

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-I come from a farming background.

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-My family are farmers.

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-After the Brexit vote,

-I saw people posting things...

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-..about farmers voting for Brexit...

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-..and only now realising

-where their subsidies come from.

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-A lot of these people worked in

-the public sector, maybe in arts...

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-..and in different contexts...

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-..they complain about the paperwork

-needed to secure public funding.

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-They know they don't get

-funding for nothing...

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-..while at the same time

-they claim farmers don't know...

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-..the source of their subsidies.

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-I thought it was ridiculous.

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-This film

-was an opportunity to respond.

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-How difficult was it

-to get it made in Welsh?

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-I see the Guardian as being

-a London-centric paper.

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-They asked me if I could do

-something from Wales.

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-I asked them

-if I could do it in Welsh.

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-"No, absolutely no chance."

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-I was 50/50 wanting to do it

-in Welsh or English.

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-When they said no, I decided

-it would have to be done in Welsh.

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-They replied, "Actually,

-you have to do it in English."

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-I said, "Thanks, but no, thanks."

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-The following day they phoned and

-said, "You can do it in Welsh."

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-With subtitles, this marvellous

-thing they'd discovered!

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-Interestingly for me...

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-..you chose a dairy farm.

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-What inspired you to do that?

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-To me, Brexit will greatly

-affect the sheep market.

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-They will lose entire markets.

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-It just struck me that Tesco

-and other supermarkets...

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-..paid less than it actually cost

-to produce the milk.

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-I was thinking

-about this idea of subsidies.

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-Who's working for nothing?

-Who's subsidising who?

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-The farmers subsidise everyone

-who drinks milk.

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-It's difficult sometimes,

-when you listen to people...

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-..worried about the environment

-and carbon emissions...

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-..but they're not willing

-to pay more for milk...

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-..that's produced locally.

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-Some of the farmers I met...

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-..they felt that maybe

-we'd lost perspective...

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-..on how much it costs to produce

-food of a high standard...

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-..the food we want to eat,

-the premium organic produce...

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-..and how much it costs.

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-Throughout the film,

-there's an undertone of frustration.

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-It's quite sad at times, almost

-heart-breaking about the future.

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-What inspired that?

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-We have a family farm in

-Pembrokeshire, outside Narberth.

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-We're likely to lose it.

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-My uncle farms there now. There's

-no-one in the family to follow him.

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-It's likely it'll be sold.

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-My cousins have fond memories

-of growing up on that farm...

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-..helping with the harvest,

-jumping on the trailer...

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-..getting the grain into the sacks.

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-Our children won't have

-the privilege to do the same.

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-It's very sad.

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-..it doesn't feel like

-my country anymore.

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-Time for a break.

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-In Part 2 we turn from drama

-to the reality of farming...

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-..as Daloni meets a determined

-farmer on the Lleyn Peninsula.

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-See you soon.

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-.

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-Subtitles

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-Subtitles

-

-Subtitles

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-We're ten years behind the rest

-of the world in beef production...

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-..according to one farmer.

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-Harri Parri was the 2016 NFU Cymru's

-Livestock Champion Award Winner.

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-He believes we have a lot of work

-to do to catch up with America.

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-Daloni met him on his farm

-in Sarn Mellteyrn.

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-Harri Parri is 31 years old.

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-He farms in partnership

-with his parents.

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-They have three farms,

-Bodnithoedd near Botwnnog...

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-..Maesog neat Clynnog Fawr

-and Crugeran in Sarn.

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-There are 700 acres in all...

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-..500 cattle...

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-..and over 800 sheep.

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-All the cattle are Stabilisers,

-a breed rooted in America.

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-There are 35,000 in Britain.

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-The performance of 9,000 of them

-is recorded...

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-..and they're all part

-of the multiplier herds.

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-Crugeran Farm

-is one of those multipliers.

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-My father was here first,

-at the end of the '90s.

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-He had models for suckler cows

-influenced by the Holstein cow.

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-Those weren't sustainable. The

-quality of cow was deteriorating.

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-He wanted a suckler cow

-that would improve every year.

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-He wanted to keep suckler cows...

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-..without relying

-on the single farm payment.

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-The Stabiliser Cattle Company,

-the SCC, sets all the rules.

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-We have a contract to breed cattle.

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-They're responsible

-for getting the embryos over to us.

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-We're responsible

-for breeding and recording them.

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-They help promote the breed...

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-..and find sales

-for pedigree cattle.

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-Everything that goes from here

-leaves the farm.

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-We don't take breeding cattle

-to the marts.

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-There's a set price for bulls

-and heifers, whatever their ages.

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-That works out well for us.

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-What's the ratio for the cattle?

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-How much do they eat,

-how do they kill out?

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-As a rule of thumb, for every 6kgs

-of dry matter the animal eats...

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-..it'll put on a kilo in weight.

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-The best Stabiliser cattle we breed

-have a 4:1 ratio.

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-It's 30% cheaper

-to breed these cattle...

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-..than it is to breed others,

-on average.

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-We keep the calves from the bulls.

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-It'll take a few generations

-for the herd to average out at 4:1.

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-Are we behind the times

-in this country?

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-Yes, most definitely.

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-They say we're 10 years behind.

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-The chain in America is far more

-efficient compared to this country.

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-There are question marks

-over their feed lots system...

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-..but at the end of the day...

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-..they produce meat that's the same

-quality in appearance and taste.

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-The taste

-is the most important aspect.

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-We've lost that in this country,

-for various reasons.

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-Maybe that's why consumption drops

-every year.

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-These cattle are a combination

-of many breeds...

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-..but since 2014, the Stabiliser

-has been acknowledged...

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-..as a stand alone breed since it's

-possible to trace its bloodline.

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-This is the fastest growing breed

-in Britain for the past five years.

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-Its numbers have grown

-by almost 65%.

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-In terms of cattle,

-what's the calving pattern?

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-We have two separate herds, cattle

-don't move from one to the other...

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-..apart from the bulls.

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-One herd calves in the spring...

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-..in a block

-from the end of March until May.

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-How many are in that herd?

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-How many are in that herd?

-

-About 120.

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-90 have been calving

-over the last fortnight.

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-There's a six-week gap...

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-..from when the bull goes from

-the spring herd to the summer herd.

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-Why do you do it like that?

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-It's how we've done it since the

-1990s with the cross dairy cattle.

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-Those that missed out

-during the spring..

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-..we'd keep them on

-until the end of the year...

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-..and they would calve

-in September and October.

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-Since we switched to the Stabiliser,

-the cattle are more fertile...

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-..we've been able

-to bring them forward...

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-..and give them a bull

-in September, October.

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-That helps with the cash flow

-of the business...

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-..especially with the block calving,

-everything is sold at the same time.

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-Having two herds helps us

-with the cash flow.

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-We can keep more cattle too.

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-If we only calved in springtime,

-we'd only keep about 170-180.

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-We can keep a touch over 200

-as we are now.

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-It's a closed herd here

-in Crugeran.

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-It's entirely closed -

-we don't buy anything in.

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-The bull embryos come from America.

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-You mentioned buying embryos. Do

-they come with their own problems?

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-Or have the problems been rectified

-before they reach you?

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-I don't think anything is perfect

-or we'd all be happy in no time.

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-We'll never get anywhere without

-evolving and moving the goalposts...

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-..to try and improve the herd.

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-Something goes wrong all the time,

-empty cows and still birth calves.

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-60 acres of barley is grown here...

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-..20 acres o swedes for the sheep...

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-..five acres of fodder beets

-and 15 acres of oats.

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-In addition to the Stabilisers,

-there are 300 Lleyn sheep...

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-..and 550 New Zealand Suffolk

-cross Lleyn sheep.

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-This is Maesog. We're about

-45 minutes from home by car.

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-It goes from 850 to 1,500, all

-the way to 1,600 right at the top.

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-The land improves as you go higher.

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-Yes.

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-There are some less fertile

-acres here...

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-..which are suitable

-for dry cattle and sheep...

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-..which don't produce anything.

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-During the most productive times

-of the year...

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-..we use land

-on the Lleyn Peninsula and here...

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-..for the stock

-that's rearing or flushing.

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-We use the less favourable land

-for the dry cattle and sheep.

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-There's a tight schedule.

-Everything has to work on time.

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-When you have to go, you have to go.

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-Yes, yes. We don't push and push

-and keep them until they're 40kgs.

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-If they're 35kgs and fat,

-they're within the required spec.

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-We send the lambs to Waitrose.

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-I get the feeling

-that you're a cattle farmer...

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-..who also keeps sheep.

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-Yes, more or less.

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-My father and grandfather

-always favoured cattle to sheep.

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-We've done well

-from the sheep over the years...

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-..but we benefit from what

-the cattle give back to the land...

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-..in terms of manure.

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-We use the sheep to graze the land

-where cattle can't graze...

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-..on the winter pasture

-we grow on Lleyn.

0:22:130:22:17

-This stock is the way forward.

0:22:170:22:20

-For us. We are where we are now

-with the Stabiliser cattle.

0:22:200:22:27

-Who knows what's around the corner

-but we'll stick with them for now.

0:22:280:22:33

-Will we see the Stabilisers

-in the Royal Welsh?

0:22:330:22:37

-I don't think so. They're not for

-shows. They're for making a profit!

0:22:370:22:41

-That's all for this week. Whatever

-changes, we'll be back next week.

0:22:500:22:57

-Until then, from myself

-and the crew, cheerio.

0:22:570:23:01

-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf.

0:23:200:23:22

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0:23:220:23:22

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