Pennod 1 ‹ Cyfres 2012 ‹ Gwreiddiau: Murray the Hump

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-Lord Dafydd Wigley is in Chicago...	0:00:38	0:00:40
-..to trace the history -of his third cousin...	0:00:41	0:00:44
-..one of the most ruthless -and clever gangsters...	0:00:44	0:00:47
-..America had ever seen.	0:00:48	0:00:50
-His name was Llewelyn Morris -Humphreys, or Murray The Hump.	0:00:52	0:00:57
-When Al Capone -was incarcerated in 1932...	0:00:57	0:01:00
-..The Hump was declared -Public Enemy Number 1 by the FBI.	0:01:00	0:01:06
-The nickname, Hump...	0:01:07	0:01:09
-..is an abbreviation -of his surname, Humphreys.	0:01:09	0:01:13
-He was also known as The Camel.	0:01:13	0:01:15
-What set him apart from every other -gangster in this bloody city...	0:01:15	0:01:20
-..was his understanding of how -business, politics and law worked.	0:01:21	0:01:26
-Although he preferred -negotiating over killing...	0:01:26	0:01:30
-..he was prepared to take -all measures deemed necessary.	0:01:30	0:01:35
-Plenty of evidence suggests -he was a cold-blooded killer.	0:01:36	0:01:40
-Yet he commanded respect in Chicago -and throughout America.	0:01:40	0:01:46
-Contemporaries regarded him -as a philosopher and politician.	0:01:47	0:01:52
-He was also considered professorial.	0:01:52	0:01:55
-He was obviously -a remarkably intelligent man.	0:01:55	0:01:58
-He was involved in -the St Valentine's Day Massacre...	0:01:59	0:02:03
-..which took place some 20 yards -from where The Hump was born.	0:02:03	0:02:08
-While Al Capone was being -interrogated by the police...	0:02:08	0:02:12
-..the Welshman -arranged an alibi for his boss.	0:02:12	0:02:16
-Gangsters, -some dressed as police officers...	0:02:16	0:02:20
-..opened fire on Bugs Moran's mob.	0:02:21	0:02:23
-He was a competitor in the -lucrative illegal alcohol market.	0:02:23	0:02:29
-The selling of alcohol -was prohibited in America...	0:02:29	0:02:33
-..from 1920.	0:02:33	0:02:35
-It was here on St Valentine's Day -1920 that the massacre took place.	0:02:40	0:02:44
-Six of Al Capone's adversaries -were shot in a garage...	0:02:44	0:02:48
-..which stood on this site.	0:02:49	0:02:51
-It's believed that Murray Humphreys -was involved in the shooting...	0:02:51	0:02:55
-..and certainly -played a role in the plotting.	0:02:56	0:02:59
-Some of his enemies -in the laundry business...	0:02:59	0:03:02
-..were shot dead.	0:03:02	0:03:04
-The laundry service -was The Hump's idea.	0:03:06	0:03:09
-A respectable front -for illegal operations.	0:03:10	0:03:13
-The term, laundering money, -has been derived from that practice.	0:03:14	0:03:19
-On that fateful -St Valentine's Day...	0:03:21	0:03:24
-..a river of blood flowed -from the garage onto the street.	0:03:24	0:03:28
-But Bugs Moran -avoided the bloodbath.	0:03:31	0:03:33
-He sensed something was wrong -and kept his distance.	0:03:33	0:03:37
-The savageness of Chicago -is a far cry...	0:03:40	0:03:44
-..from the serenity -of Montgomeryshire.	0:03:44	0:03:47
-Llewelyn Morris Humphreys's parents -emigrated to America in 1889.	0:03:47	0:03:53
-His mother hailed -from the Llyn Clywedog region.	0:03:53	0:03:57
-His father was -from Castell Farm in Carno.	0:03:57	0:04:02
-Their Welsh relatives were reluctant -to embrace the gangster.	0:04:02	0:04:06
-It was Huw Davies -who let the cat out of the bag.	0:04:06	0:04:09
-I was in Chicago, researching a -series about the Welsh in America...	0:04:10	0:04:15
-..with the author and academic, -Emyr Humphreys.	0:04:16	0:04:19
-We were -in the Bureau of Vital Statistics...	0:04:20	0:04:23
-..and I asked for Llewelyn Morris -Humphreys's death certificate.	0:04:23	0:04:28
-Within an hour, I find out...	0:04:28	0:04:32
-..that not only -had he died in Chicago...	0:04:32	0:04:35
-..and was an investment adviser...	0:04:36	0:04:39
-..but his mother -was called Ann Wigley.	0:04:39	0:04:42
-As a native of Montgomeryshire...	0:04:43	0:04:46
-..I was sure she had connections -with this area.	0:04:46	0:04:50
-My father was watching -Huw's programme in 1977...	0:04:50	0:04:54
-..about America's bicentenary.	0:04:54	0:04:57
-He was sitting at home, -whisky in hand.	0:04:57	0:05:00
-The first half of the programme -was about Frank Lloyd Wright.	0:05:00	0:05:04
-The second half focused -on this man from Montgomeryshire.	0:05:04	0:05:08
-His father -was Bryan Humphreys from Carno.	0:05:08	0:05:11
-My grandmother -was from the same area.	0:05:12	0:05:14
-The gangster's mother -was Ann Wigley.	0:05:14	0:05:17
-My father suddenly woke up, -spilling whisky everywhere.	0:05:17	0:05:21
-That was the first time we learnt...	0:05:22	0:05:24
-..that we were related -to a gangster.	0:05:24	0:05:26
-I later discovered in London -that his parents were married...	0:05:27	0:05:31
-..in China Street, Llanidloes...	0:05:32	0:05:34
-..where we'd filmed a series -on Emrys ab Iwan months previously.	0:05:34	0:05:40
-That's how we found out -about the man.	0:05:40	0:05:42
-However, that does not explain -the couple's emigration.	0:05:43	0:05:46
-Why would anyone want to leave here -for America, especially Chicago?	0:05:47	0:05:52
-The reason is open to conjecture.	0:05:52	0:05:55
-Ann Wigley -gave birth to two children...	0:05:55	0:05:58
-..before her marriage to Bryan -in China Street, Llanidloes.	0:05:58	0:06:03
-Bryan was most probably -the children's father.	0:06:03	0:06:06
-It's believed that three other women -were also pregnant by him.	0:06:07	0:06:10
-In order to stifle the scandal...	0:06:11	0:06:14
-..and to dodge the women's -families seeking revenge...	0:06:14	0:06:18
-..Bryan fled -far from Montgomeryshire.	0:06:18	0:06:21
-Bryan and Ann Humphreys settled -in Racine in the state of Wisconsin.	0:06:39	0:06:45
-At the time, it was a small town -with a strong Welsh influence.	0:06:45	0:06:49
-Some 2,000 of the 15,000 population -were Welsh-speaking residents.	0:06:49	0:06:55
-Bryan and his new wife, Ann, -came to Racine...	0:06:56	0:07:00
-..because Ann had a relative here -called David Painter Wigley...	0:07:00	0:07:05
-..who ran -a major business in Racine.	0:07:05	0:07:08
-The building behind me -is still trading...	0:07:08	0:07:11
-..though it -no longer belongs to the family.	0:07:11	0:07:14
-This is where they lived for two -years after first coming to America.	0:07:15	0:07:20
-This book is proof that -Bryan Humphreys and Ann Wigley...	0:07:28	0:07:32
-..had corresponded with -David Painter Wigley here in Racine.	0:07:32	0:07:38
-The book is called Hanes Bywyd A -Marwolaeth Yr Arglwydd Iesu Grist...	0:07:38	0:07:43
-..by the Honourable TL Hughes, Ohio.	0:07:43	0:07:45
-There is a written message -in English on the first page.	0:07:46	0:07:52
-"Presented to -Mr William Bryan Humphreys...	0:07:52	0:07:55
-"..on his departure to America.	0:07:55	0:07:57
-"With good wishes -for his future success...	0:07:57	0:08:00
-"..by Sara Jones, Minffordd, Carno, -27th of July, 1889."	0:08:00	0:08:05
-This book was left...	0:08:05	0:08:08
-..at the home of DP Wigley...	0:08:08	0:08:10
-..proving that -Bryan Humphreys had lived here...	0:08:10	0:08:14
-..before moving to Chicago -and leaving this behind.	0:08:14	0:08:18
-If he'd taken the book with him...	0:08:18	0:08:21
-..and raised Murray Humphreys -on these teachings...	0:08:21	0:08:25
-..perhaps -he'd have turned out differently.	0:08:26	0:08:29
-Having discovered -where Bryan worked...	0:08:37	0:08:40
-..Dafydd Wigley's next step was -to find out where he used to live.	0:08:41	0:08:46
-All was revealed...	0:08:46	0:08:49
-..in a reference book -about Racine from 1890.	0:08:49	0:08:53
-He left the museum...	0:08:54	0:08:55
-..in search of his relatives' -first home in America.	0:08:56	0:08:59
-But disappointment awaited him.	0:09:01	0:09:04
-This is it.	0:09:07	0:09:08
-We're here in Davis Place -where Bryan and Ann Humphreys lived.	0:09:09	0:09:14
-Nothing remains of their house.	0:09:14	0:09:17
-The house had vanished.	0:09:17	0:09:20
-Bryan and Ann -had vanished from Racine too.	0:09:20	0:09:24
-Perhaps the parochial -Welsh community of Wisconsin...	0:09:24	0:09:28
-..was too narrow-minded -for a man like Bryan.	0:09:28	0:09:32
-The same could not be said -for Chicago, 70 miles away.	0:09:32	0:09:36
-The two were worlds apart.	0:09:36	0:09:39
-In 1891, Bryan and Ann Humphreys, -along with their daughter, Ethel...	0:09:44	0:09:49
-..moved to Chicago, -which was already a major city.	0:09:49	0:09:53
-In 1893, -the World's Fair was held here.	0:09:53	0:09:56
-It was a gritty, industrial city -and life was hard...	0:09:56	0:10:00
-..with much poverty.	0:10:01	0:10:02
-Bryan Humphreys and his wife -came during this industrial era...	0:10:03	0:10:07
-..and it was into this society -that Murray Humphreys was born.	0:10:07	0:10:11
-In the same city -during the same year...	0:10:13	0:10:16
-..a son was born to another family -of immigrants, this time from Italy.	0:10:16	0:10:21
-His name was Alphonse Capone.	0:10:21	0:10:24
-Between them, they succeeded...	0:10:24	0:10:27
-..to undermine the entire -law and order system in America...	0:10:27	0:10:31
-..from the ghetto -to the White House.	0:10:31	0:10:34
-.	0:10:36	0:10:37
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-The Chicago that Bryan and Ann -Humphreys inhabited in 1891...	0:10:50	0:10:55
-..was home -to a million economic fugitives...	0:10:55	0:10:58
-..from Italy, Ireland -and all over Europe.	0:10:59	0:11:02
-As a centre -for industry and finance...	0:11:02	0:11:05
-..crime was rife in the city.	0:11:05	0:11:09
-Initially, at least...	0:11:12	0:11:14
-..Bryan Humphreys managed -to avoid Chicago's temptations.	0:11:15	0:11:19
-Life was comfortable -for him and his family.	0:11:19	0:11:22
-Llewelyn, the future gangster...	0:11:23	0:11:25
-..is the golden-haired child -in this photograph.	0:11:25	0:11:29
-But once the father lost his job, -it all began to fall apart.	0:11:29	0:11:33
-Bryan Humphreys was a coachman to -one of Chicago's wealthiest men...	0:11:34	0:11:39
-..when he first moved there -from Racine.	0:11:39	0:11:42
-He had a drink problem...	0:11:42	0:11:44
-..which led to him losing his job...	0:11:44	0:11:46
-..forcing him out -of a respectable area...	0:11:46	0:11:49
-..where the children -had started school...	0:11:49	0:11:52
-..into a poor neighbourhood.	0:11:53	0:11:54
-Llewelyn had to leave school -at seven years of age.	0:11:55	0:11:58
-He sold newspapers -on a street corner...	0:11:58	0:12:01
-..and had to fight for his patch.	0:12:01	0:12:04
-Life was hard. He came into contact -with Chicago's worst elements.	0:12:05	0:12:10
-From an early age...	0:12:11	0:12:12
-..Llewelyn Humphreys learnt the most -important lesson in gangsterism.	0:12:13	0:12:18
-Securing and ruling territory.	0:12:18	0:12:20
-Inevitably he got into trouble -with the authorities.	0:12:20	0:12:24
-At one point, he came across -a character called Judge Murray.	0:12:24	0:12:30
-According to family legend...	0:12:30	0:12:32
-..he influenced him a great deal and -tried to persuade him to study Law.	0:12:32	0:12:37
-He saw potential in the young boy.	0:12:37	0:12:40
-Llewelyn -thought so highly of this judge...	0:12:40	0:12:43
-..that he adopted his name and -became known as Murray Humphreys.	0:12:43	0:12:48
-He learnt so much from the judge....	0:12:48	0:12:50
-..but this wisdom wasn't used -as the judge had intended.	0:12:50	0:12:55
-When he was 15, -he committed a crime...	0:12:55	0:12:57
-..which carried -a custodial sentence.	0:12:58	0:13:00
-He tried to strike a deal -with the prosecutor at City Hall.	0:13:01	0:13:04
-If he were charged -with a lesser crime...	0:13:04	0:13:07
-..that didn't carry a prison -sentence, then he'd plead guilty.	0:13:07	0:13:12
-The prosecutor would be praised for -bringing a criminal to justice...	0:13:12	0:13:17
-..and be rewarded with a small gift.	0:13:17	0:13:20
-That's precisely what happened.	0:13:20	0:13:22
-He pleaded guilty to a lesser charge -and the following day...	0:13:23	0:13:27
-..an expensive watch -was delivered to the prosecutor.	0:13:27	0:13:31
-Murray Humphreys, -as he was now known...	0:13:31	0:13:35
-..was on his way -to becoming a gangster.	0:13:35	0:13:38
-In 1921, -he was involved in an incident...	0:13:38	0:13:42
-..which forced him out of Chicago -to his brother's home in Oklahoma.	0:13:42	0:13:47
-It was in the town of Norman that -he met Mary Clementine Brendle...	0:13:47	0:13:52
-..who was half-Irish, half-Cherokee.	0:13:52	0:13:55
-They were married, and the -educated and sophisticated wife...	0:13:55	0:14:00
-..taught her husband the skills...	0:14:00	0:14:03
-..to behave like a real gentlemen -in his home movies...	0:14:03	0:14:07
-..and to socialize confidently -with prominent American leaders.	0:14:08	0:14:13
-In 1921, -The Hump returned to Chicago...	0:14:24	0:14:26
-..with his new wife.	0:14:27	0:14:29
-In his absence, the city's gangsters -had diversified.	0:14:29	0:14:33
-A year earlier, the Government -enforced Prohibition...	0:14:34	0:14:38
-..prohibiting alcohol from being -manufactured and sold in the USA.	0:14:38	0:14:44
-For the gangsters, it was a -wonderful opportunity to make money.	0:14:44	0:14:49
-In the years that followed...	0:14:49	0:14:51
-..illegal alcohol -was the mainstay of their business.	0:14:51	0:14:55
-It proved a continuous battle -between police and gangsters.	0:14:55	0:14:59
-The police occasionally won.	0:15:00	0:15:02
-Here they are destroying 30,000 -worth of illegal liquor in Chicago.	0:15:03	0:15:07
-The gangsters made millions -upon millions of dollars profit.	0:15:08	0:15:13
-It wasn't just the usual mobsters -who profited from Prohibition.	0:15:13	0:15:19
-It was how Joe Kennedy, the father -of President JF Kennedy...	0:15:19	0:15:23
-..made his fortune - -the first of many.	0:15:24	0:15:26
-We'll hear more -about the difficult relationship...	0:15:26	0:15:30
-..between him and Murray The Hump -in the next programme.	0:15:30	0:15:34
-But soon after returning -to Chicago...	0:15:34	0:15:37
-..Murray Humphreys -did something foolish.	0:15:37	0:15:41
-He set out to sabotage...	0:15:41	0:15:43
-..a lorry load of alcohol -belonging to Al Capone.	0:15:43	0:15:47
-He held the driver at gunpoint -and hijacked the load.	0:15:48	0:15:51
-Of course, he was caught -and brought before Al Capone.	0:15:52	0:15:55
-Such a crime -usually resulted in death.	0:15:55	0:16:00
-However, -as he did with Judge Murray...	0:16:00	0:16:03
-..Llewelyn convinced Al Capone -that he had something to offer.	0:16:03	0:16:07
-Instead of shooting him...	0:16:07	0:16:09
-..Al Capone -decided to recruit him into his mob.	0:16:10	0:16:13
-From that moment onwards...	0:16:13	0:16:15
-..Al Capone relied wholeheartedly on -The Hump's imagination and vision.	0:16:16	0:16:21
-The pair's influence...	0:16:21	0:16:24
-..permeated all aspects -of American life.	0:16:24	0:16:27
-The biggest problem -faced by the authorities...	0:16:28	0:16:31
-..was getting people to testify -against gangsters of this ilk.	0:16:31	0:16:36
-They knew how to buy -a witness's silence...	0:16:36	0:16:39
-..with money or with threats.	0:16:39	0:16:41
-The Hump -was imprisoned for 18 months...	0:16:41	0:16:45
-..for income tax fraud, -the lesser of his crimes, in 1934.	0:16:45	0:16:50
-He told the press -he'd spend his time behind bars...	0:16:50	0:16:54
-..studying English and Geometry.	0:16:54	0:16:57
-This was a typical statement -from the gangster...	0:16:58	0:17:01
-..who was different -from all the rest.	0:17:01	0:17:05
-Once he was freed, -the Welshman returned home...	0:17:05	0:17:08
-..and closed the door -on the gangster world.	0:17:08	0:17:13
-We're here outside -Murray Humphreys's home...	0:17:15	0:17:18
-..where he and his family -lived in the suburbs.	0:17:19	0:17:22
-It was -a respectable neighbourhood...	0:17:22	0:17:25
-..where he was able -to keep a low profile.	0:17:26	0:17:28
-There was a playhouse in the back -garden for his daughter, Llewella.	0:17:28	0:17:33
-It was aptly named -the crooked house...	0:17:33	0:17:36
-..after the family who lived here.	0:17:36	0:17:39
-Thanks to his love -of home movies and editing...	0:17:40	0:17:44
-..remarkable footage exists -of Murray Humphreys.	0:17:44	0:17:48
-He and some of America's -most notorious gangsters...	0:17:48	0:17:52
-..are captured as doting fathers and -husbands at home with the family.	0:17:52	0:17:57
-Murray's daughter, Llewella...	0:17:57	0:18:00
-..gave these films -to Huw Davies as a gift.	0:18:00	0:18:03
-Some of the most interesting items -are the home movies.	0:18:03	0:18:07
-Llewella was treated -as their little princess.	0:18:07	0:18:11
-They call her -their American princess.	0:18:11	0:18:14
-Here's the gangster himself -in the flesh...	0:18:18	0:18:22
-..putting his American princess -to bed on Christmas Eve.	0:18:23	0:18:27
-And here he is, reminding Llewella -that she hasn't said her prayers.	0:18:28	0:18:32
-The Christmas celebrations and -the tree were huge and fantastic.	0:18:45	0:18:50
-There were endless presents.	0:18:50	0:18:52
-They were obviously -a wealthy family.	0:18:53	0:18:55
-1940 was a poor Christmas -for the Welsh...	0:18:59	0:19:02
-..and the rest -of continental Europe.	0:19:03	0:19:06
-It was the second Christmas -of the Second World War.	0:19:06	0:19:10
-America was yet to join the war.	0:19:10	0:19:13
-Poor is the last word you'd use -to describe the way...	0:19:13	0:19:16
-..in which Christmas was celebrated -at the Humphreys' household.	0:19:17	0:19:21
-Ann, nee Wigley, -The Hump's mother...	0:19:35	0:19:38
-..leads the invited guests -to the dinner table.	0:19:38	0:19:41
-Among them is her son, Ernest, -who was also a mobster.	0:19:41	0:19:46
-Here's a motley crew...	0:19:46	0:19:48
-..tucking into turkey at Christmas.	0:19:48	0:19:51
-The Hump's home movies contain -the only footage of his parents.	0:19:57	0:20:01
-It's so strange -to see his parents...	0:20:03	0:20:07
-..who were both from this area, -are together...	0:20:07	0:20:11
-..in these movies.	0:20:11	0:20:13
-I found that very strange. The film -is in colour and very professional.	0:20:14	0:20:19
-It was shot on 16mm film.	0:20:19	0:20:21
-It's a treasure trove to me.	0:20:21	0:20:24
-It's no wonder that The Hump -took an interest in film-making.	0:20:27	0:20:31
-The Welshman and his gangsters -ruled the trade unions...	0:20:32	0:20:36
-..the Hollywood studios -and the cinemas.	0:20:36	0:20:39
-One of the strangest experiences -was seeing footage of him...	0:20:40	0:20:44
-..and Fay Wray, -the star of King Kong...	0:20:44	0:20:47
-..walking together in Hollywood.	0:20:47	0:20:50
-It's proof that he was -a Hollywood boss during that era.	0:20:50	0:20:54
-There was no end -to Murray Humphreys's influence.	0:21:00	0:21:03
-Though his parents would have known -not to build a house on sand...	0:21:03	0:21:08
-..they didn't dissuade -their son from doing so.	0:21:08	0:21:11
-He didn't just build a house -in the Nevada desert...	0:21:12	0:21:15
-..he built an entire city.	0:21:16	0:21:18
-He financed the venture -by stealing from the pension fund...	0:21:18	0:21:23
-..of the Teamsters -Transport Workers Union.	0:21:24	0:21:27
-One of the most remarkable feats...	0:21:29	0:21:31
-..was the way in which -Murray Humphreys created Las Vegas.	0:21:31	0:21:36
-He set about bribing...	0:21:36	0:21:39
-..the members -of the state government...	0:21:39	0:21:43
-..in order to change the law -to allow gambling.	0:21:44	0:21:48
-Having succeeded, he built hotels -incorporating gambling casinos.	0:21:48	0:21:53
-He owned two of the largest -gambling hotels in the city.	0:21:53	0:21:57
-As a consequence...	0:21:57	0:21:59
-..hundreds of millions of dollars -flooded through Chicago...	0:22:00	0:22:04
-..from the mob's exploits -in Las Vegas...	0:22:04	0:22:09
-..and as a direct result -of Murray Humphreys's activities.	0:22:09	0:22:12
-It was in Vegas that The Hump mixed -with Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin...	0:22:14	0:22:19
-..and Sammy Davis Jr, -members of the legendary Rat Pack.	0:22:19	0:22:23
-Frank Sinatra sang at his daughter -Llewella's lavish graduation party.	0:22:24	0:22:29
-From Italian extraction...	0:22:30	0:22:33
-..Sinatra was suspected -of having Mafia connections.	0:22:33	0:22:36
-But his status -as a star of stage and screen...	0:22:37	0:22:41
-..granted him entry -into the White House in Washington.	0:22:42	0:22:46
-Later, Murray Humphreys himself -would directly influence...	0:22:47	0:22:51
-..John F Kennedy's -presidential campaign.	0:22:51	0:22:56
-# Kennedy for me	0:22:56	0:22:58
-# Kennedy, Kennedy, Kennedy #	0:22:59	0:23:01
-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf.	0:23:22	0:23:24
-.	0:23:24	0:23:25

Pennod 1 Gwreiddiau: Murray the Hump

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Cyfres 2012

Gwreiddiau: Murray the Hump

Pennod 2

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