Coed a Mynyddoedd Llefydd Sanctaidd
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-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:00:00 | 0:00:02 | |
-In the opening ceremony -of the 2012 Olympic Games... | 0:00:28 | 0:00:32 | |
-..the first image chosen by Danny -Boyle was a tree on a hill... | 0:00:33 | 0:00:37 | |
-..to represent Britain. | 0:00:37 | 0:00:39 | |
-The hill he had in mind... | 0:00:40 | 0:00:42 | |
-..was this one, -Glastonbury Tor, Somerset. | 0:00:42 | 0:00:46 | |
-Since the earliest times, people -have climbed hills or mountains... | 0:00:47 | 0:00:52 | |
-..to meet their gods. | 0:00:52 | 0:00:54 | |
-Mount Olympus was -the home of the Greek gods. | 0:00:55 | 0:00:59 | |
-Moses received -the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai. | 0:00:59 | 0:01:04 | |
-The spiritual significance -of trees can be traced back... | 0:01:05 | 0:01:10 | |
-..to the Garden Of Eden and beyond. | 0:01:10 | 0:01:12 | |
-Today, I'd like to find out -why trees and mountains... | 0:01:12 | 0:01:16 | |
-..were so appealing -as symbols here, in Britain. | 0:01:17 | 0:01:21 | |
-I've come to Glastonbury. | 0:01:31 | 0:01:33 | |
-It's a shop window -for all kinds of beliefs... | 0:01:33 | 0:01:37 | |
-..offering a different spiritual -path, rather than Christianity. | 0:01:37 | 0:01:42 | |
-But some of the earliest Christian -sites in Britain are here... | 0:01:43 | 0:01:47 | |
-..according to tradition. | 0:01:47 | 0:01:49 | |
-All sorts of different beliefs -bump into each other here. | 0:01:49 | 0:01:54 | |
-But that's not new. | 0:01:54 | 0:01:56 | |
-Christianity and paganism -have been clashing... | 0:01:56 | 0:02:01 | |
-..for almost 2,000 years. | 0:02:01 | 0:02:03 | |
-In Glastonbury, or Ynys Witrin, -its old Welsh name... | 0:02:07 | 0:02:12 | |
-..new teachings are gaining ground -as Christianity recedes. | 0:02:12 | 0:02:17 | |
-A central part of pagan beliefs... | 0:02:20 | 0:02:23 | |
-..is of a powerful -link with the earth. | 0:02:23 | 0:02:26 | |
-Nothing symbolizes that better -than trees and mountains. | 0:02:27 | 0:02:30 | |
-There are famous examples -of both here in Glastonbury. | 0:02:30 | 0:02:34 | |
-But they're just as important -in the Christian tradition too. | 0:02:35 | 0:02:39 | |
-There's a special kind -of thorn in Glastonbury. | 0:02:39 | 0:02:43 | |
-It is said that Joseph Of Arimathea -brought it from Israel... | 0:02:43 | 0:02:48 | |
-..after the death of Christ. | 0:02:49 | 0:02:51 | |
-When he reached Glastonbury, -he put his stick in the soil. | 0:02:51 | 0:02:55 | |
-Miraculously, it began to grow. | 0:02:56 | 0:02:58 | |
-This thorn is remarkable, -because it blooms twice a year... | 0:02:58 | 0:03:04 | |
-..at Easter and at Christmas. | 0:03:04 | 0:03:08 | |
-Some grow in the town to this day. | 0:03:10 | 0:03:13 | |
-Tradition says that -the original thorn survived... | 0:03:14 | 0:03:18 | |
-..until one of Cromwell's men -cut it down in 1653... | 0:03:18 | 0:03:22 | |
-..as a symbol of pagan superstition. | 0:03:22 | 0:03:25 | |
-But people had cut off twigs -and grafted new trees... | 0:03:25 | 0:03:30 | |
-..like this one -in the graveyard in Glastonbury. | 0:03:30 | 0:03:34 | |
-Another was planted on the site of -the original tree, on Wearyall Hill. | 0:03:35 | 0:03:42 | |
-But in 2010, it was vandalized -and all its branches were sawn off. | 0:03:42 | 0:03:47 | |
-This is all that remains. | 0:03:48 | 0:03:50 | |
-No-one was sure who was -responsible for the crime. | 0:03:50 | 0:03:54 | |
-Although pagans and Christians -were united in sorrow... | 0:03:55 | 0:04:00 | |
-..after losing the tree... | 0:04:00 | 0:04:02 | |
-..the fact that someone -wanted to cut it down... | 0:04:02 | 0:04:06 | |
-..shows how much symbols like this -can still polarize opinion. | 0:04:06 | 0:04:10 | |
-Over there, we see Glastonbury Tor. | 0:04:10 | 0:04:13 | |
-For Christians, it's important... | 0:04:13 | 0:04:15 | |
-..because of the ruins -of the church on its summit. | 0:04:15 | 0:04:19 | |
-For pagans, -that is the Isle Of Avalon... | 0:04:19 | 0:04:22 | |
-..one of their mystical sites. | 0:04:23 | 0:04:25 | |
-The relationship between -pagans and Christians... | 0:04:25 | 0:04:29 | |
-..has always been difficult. | 0:04:29 | 0:04:32 | |
-I leave Glastonbury, -keen to dig deeper... | 0:04:34 | 0:04:37 | |
-..into the troubled relationship -between Christianity and paganism. | 0:04:37 | 0:04:42 | |
-The next place I visit has been -sacred in both faiths in turn. | 0:04:43 | 0:04:48 | |
-This is Knowlton in Dorset. | 0:04:50 | 0:04:52 | |
-The church is located -in the middle of a henge... | 0:04:53 | 0:04:56 | |
-..a large wall of soil, -forming a huge circle around us. | 0:04:56 | 0:05:02 | |
-The church building dates -back to the twelfth century. | 0:05:02 | 0:05:06 | |
-But the henge -is about 4,500 years old. | 0:05:06 | 0:05:10 | |
-It's a striking example -of spiritual continuity on one site. | 0:05:11 | 0:05:16 | |
-Locating this church -in a pagan henge was no accident. | 0:05:22 | 0:05:26 | |
-It was a deliberate policy. | 0:05:27 | 0:05:29 | |
-This is what Pope Gregory said. | 0:05:29 | 0:05:31 | |
-"On the affairs of the English... | 0:05:32 | 0:05:34 | |
-"..the temples of the idols -ought not to be destroyed... | 0:05:34 | 0:05:39 | |
-"..but let the idols -that are in them be destroyed. | 0:05:39 | 0:05:42 | |
-"Let holy water be made -and sprinkled in the said temples. | 0:05:42 | 0:05:47 | |
-"Let altars be erected -and relics placed. | 0:05:47 | 0:05:51 | |
-"For if these temples -are well built... | 0:05:51 | 0:05:54 | |
-"..the nation, seeing that -their temples are not destroyed... | 0:05:55 | 0:05:59 | |
-"..may remove error -from their hearts... | 0:05:59 | 0:06:02 | |
-"..and, knowing and adoring the true -God, may the more familiarly... | 0:06:02 | 0:06:06 | |
-"..resort to the places to which -they have been accustomed." | 0:06:06 | 0:06:11 | |
-I've come to meet -Philip Carr-Gomm, a pagan druid... | 0:06:12 | 0:06:16 | |
-..and an author who has specialized -in Britain's history 1,500 ago... | 0:06:17 | 0:06:22 | |
-..when it was turning -from paganism to Christianity. | 0:06:22 | 0:06:26 | |
-The first thing I wanted to know -was what exactly a henge is. | 0:06:26 | 0:06:32 | |
-A henge is a sacred enclosure. | 0:06:33 | 0:06:35 | |
-What a henge does, as you see, -is it marks out a sacred space. | 0:06:35 | 0:06:39 | |
-We know it's designed -to mark out a sacred space... | 0:06:40 | 0:06:44 | |
-..because the ditch -is inside and not outside. | 0:06:44 | 0:06:47 | |
-You can't possibly defend -a place like this. | 0:06:47 | 0:06:50 | |
-Your attackers would be higher -than you were down there. | 0:06:50 | 0:06:54 | |
-So it's saying... | 0:06:54 | 0:06:55 | |
-We come in peace. | 0:06:55 | 0:06:56 | |
-We come in peace. - -We come in peace, in a way. | 0:06:56 | 0:06:58 | |
-There would have been a ring -of stones here at one time... | 0:06:59 | 0:07:03 | |
-..probably the focus for -early religious ceremonies... | 0:07:04 | 0:07:08 | |
-..like the church -that replaced it later. | 0:07:08 | 0:07:11 | |
-The fact that this church -has been built in the centre... | 0:07:12 | 0:07:15 | |
-..is a way of saying, -This is already a holy place. | 0:07:15 | 0:07:18 | |
-Let's build a church here. | 0:07:18 | 0:07:20 | |
-You can view a site like this... | 0:07:20 | 0:07:22 | |
-..either as one culture or religion -imposing itself upon another... | 0:07:22 | 0:07:27 | |
-..or you can look at it as -a sort of evolution and development. | 0:07:27 | 0:07:31 | |
-It starts off, -it has a period of life... | 0:07:31 | 0:07:34 | |
-..with one type of spirituality -and religion... | 0:07:34 | 0:07:37 | |
-..then changes to another one. | 0:07:37 | 0:07:39 | |
-One part of the site is significant -to followers of both faiths... | 0:07:40 | 0:07:45 | |
-..these two yew trees -near the side of the henge. | 0:07:46 | 0:07:50 | |
-Some yew trees grow -to an incredibly ripe age. | 0:07:51 | 0:07:55 | |
-It means that they will -have seen the pre-Christian... | 0:07:56 | 0:07:59 | |
-..as well as the Christian era. | 0:07:59 | 0:08:01 | |
-Thousands of years. | 0:08:01 | 0:08:02 | |
-Thousands of years. - -Thousands of years. | 0:08:02 | 0:08:04 | |
-These are, actually. | 0:08:04 | 0:08:06 | |
-It's pretty old in there, isn't it? | 0:08:07 | 0:08:09 | |
-When you get close up, -it's older than you think. | 0:08:09 | 0:08:14 | |
-It's hard to tell. | 0:08:14 | 0:08:16 | |
-They regenerate sometimes. | 0:08:17 | 0:08:17 | |
-They regenerate sometimes. - -They regenerate. | 0:08:17 | 0:08:19 | |
-It's just possible that this -is a very old yew tree indeed. | 0:08:19 | 0:08:25 | |
-And that brings up -the idea that this tree... | 0:08:25 | 0:08:30 | |
-..or maybe its predecessors... | 0:08:30 | 0:08:32 | |
-..was here before -the coming of Christianity. | 0:08:32 | 0:08:36 | |
-These trees are still -used to this day. | 0:08:39 | 0:08:42 | |
-Prayer ribbons are tied to twigs... | 0:08:43 | 0:08:45 | |
-..a clear sign of the growing -interest in modern paganism. | 0:08:46 | 0:08:51 | |
-What's so interesting -about this particular site... | 0:08:51 | 0:08:55 | |
-..is here are these two -guardian trees standing here. | 0:08:55 | 0:08:58 | |
-People intuitively recognize them -as magical and sacred. | 0:08:58 | 0:09:03 | |
-Of course, they represent -the gateway between life and death. | 0:09:03 | 0:09:07 | |
-The gateway between -this world and the other world. | 0:09:07 | 0:09:10 | |
-Between the material -and spiritual worlds. | 0:09:10 | 0:09:13 | |
-It's full of resonances as a symbol. | 0:09:13 | 0:09:15 | |
-So when two trees -come together at a gateway... | 0:09:15 | 0:09:18 | |
-..it's a very profound symbol. | 0:09:18 | 0:09:20 | |
-Maybe there's an echo -of this old significance... | 0:09:22 | 0:09:25 | |
-..in the fact that -yew trees are a feature... | 0:09:25 | 0:09:29 | |
-..in almost every church graveyard. | 0:09:29 | 0:09:31 | |
-What is a graveyard after all -but a door to the next world? | 0:09:31 | 0:09:36 | |
-Now, I'm going to Nevern -Church in Pembrokeshire... | 0:09:37 | 0:09:42 | |
-..to see another remarkable yew... | 0:09:42 | 0:09:45 | |
-..one that appears to be bleeding. | 0:09:45 | 0:09:48 | |
-It's a comparatively recent -phenomenon. What does it mean? | 0:09:56 | 0:10:00 | |
-Some say it bleeds because -a man was wrongfully hanged. | 0:10:01 | 0:10:06 | |
-Others say it will bleed -until there is peace in the world. | 0:10:06 | 0:10:11 | |
-Some Christians say that the -red sap represents Christ's blood. | 0:10:11 | 0:10:18 | |
-The tree represents the cross -on which Christ was crucified. | 0:10:18 | 0:10:23 | |
-They can't all be right. | 0:10:23 | 0:10:26 | |
-Can they? | 0:10:26 | 0:10:28 | |
-There is no conclusive explanation. | 0:10:28 | 0:10:32 | |
-Some scientists suggested -it's caused by a fungal disease. | 0:10:32 | 0:10:37 | |
-Others believe -the tree's core is rotting. | 0:10:37 | 0:10:41 | |
-Rainwater flowing through it -turns red because of the sap. | 0:10:41 | 0:10:46 | |
-Whatever the reason, the mystery -will probably be solved before long. | 0:10:46 | 0:10:51 | |
-But when Christianity was -the main intellectual force here... | 0:10:52 | 0:10:57 | |
-..in the past... | 0:10:57 | 0:10:58 | |
-..the Nevern yew would have -been considered miraculous. | 0:10:59 | 0:11:03 | |
-Miraculous trees aren't totally -unknown in Christianity. | 0:11:03 | 0:11:08 | |
-In Genesis, the Bible's first -book, sacred trees are mentioned. | 0:11:10 | 0:11:15 | |
-The Tree Of Life and the Tree -Of The Knowledge Of Good And Evil... | 0:11:16 | 0:11:21 | |
-..were in the Garden Of Eden. | 0:11:21 | 0:11:23 | |
-Later, Abraham travels -to the Oak Of Moreh. | 0:11:23 | 0:11:27 | |
-He meets God -by the Oak Trees Of Mamre. | 0:11:27 | 0:11:31 | |
-Is it an exaggeration to see -signs of an old, former faith... | 0:11:31 | 0:11:38 | |
-..based on worshipping nature? | 0:11:38 | 0:11:40 | |
-The books in the Bible -were written over hundreds of years. | 0:11:44 | 0:11:48 | |
-In the books after Genesis... | 0:11:49 | 0:11:51 | |
-..references to trees and sacred -rocks disappear from the narrative. | 0:11:51 | 0:11:56 | |
-But trees like these haven't totally -disappeared from our awareness... | 0:11:57 | 0:12:02 | |
-..like this yew tree -in Nevern shows. | 0:12:02 | 0:12:06 | |
-The church and graveyard in Nevern -were sacred places in the past. | 0:12:10 | 0:12:16 | |
-But now, this yew enables us -to witness the evolution... | 0:12:16 | 0:12:22 | |
-..of a new sacred site. | 0:12:22 | 0:12:24 | |
-Now, it offers several -interpretations. | 0:12:24 | 0:12:27 | |
-Some are based on superstition, -others on religion. | 0:12:28 | 0:12:33 | |
-But basically, maybe these two -things aren't all that different. | 0:12:34 | 0:12:39 | |
-They're both basically -forms of belief... | 0:12:39 | 0:12:43 | |
-..only that the status of religion -is much higher in our society. | 0:12:43 | 0:12:49 | |
-In the second half, we take a closer -look at how mountains, like trees... | 0:12:52 | 0:12:57 | |
-..have been part -of the evolution of our faith. | 0:12:58 | 0:13:01 | |
-. | 0:13:01 | 0:13:01 | |
-Subtitles | 0:13:07 | 0:13:07 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:13:07 | 0:13:09 | |
-I'm on a journey to try to find -out why trees and mountains... | 0:13:17 | 0:13:21 | |
-..have been so important in our -spiritual history since pagan times. | 0:13:21 | 0:13:27 | |
-Part of the appeal of trees -to the pagan imagination... | 0:13:27 | 0:13:30 | |
-..was the belief that they were -a bridge between earth and heaven. | 0:13:31 | 0:13:36 | |
-Mountains could symbolize -exactly the same thing. | 0:13:36 | 0:13:42 | |
-As Christianity -spread across Britain... | 0:13:43 | 0:13:46 | |
-..the new faith had to fight -the old, pagan beliefs. | 0:13:46 | 0:13:51 | |
-The pagans had a great -respect for mountains... | 0:13:52 | 0:13:56 | |
-..so Christians had to put -their stamp on those too. | 0:13:56 | 0:14:00 | |
-The winter sunshine -here in Snowdonia... | 0:14:02 | 0:14:06 | |
-..highlights the dramatic -nature of the scenery. | 0:14:06 | 0:14:10 | |
-There's a dramatic story -linked to this place too. | 0:14:10 | 0:14:14 | |
-St Twrog came here -to fight the Devil himself. | 0:14:14 | 0:14:18 | |
-Here, on Moelwyn Bach, -he asked for divine help... | 0:14:19 | 0:14:24 | |
-..to end the fight. | 0:14:24 | 0:14:26 | |
-I'm going to Maentwrog Church... | 0:14:28 | 0:14:31 | |
-..to meet lecturer -and author, Twm Elias... | 0:14:32 | 0:14:35 | |
-..to hear more about the battle. | 0:14:36 | 0:14:38 | |
-What exactly happened -between Twrog and the Devil? | 0:14:39 | 0:14:43 | |
-When Twrog, -a Christian missionary... | 0:14:43 | 0:14:46 | |
-..first brought -his faith to the area... | 0:14:46 | 0:14:50 | |
-..he found that the people -worshipped the Devil. | 0:14:50 | 0:14:54 | |
-It was probably the old horned -fertility god, Cernunnos. | 0:14:54 | 0:14:58 | |
-So it came to a fight -between Twrog and the Devil. | 0:14:58 | 0:15:02 | |
-In a break in the fight, -Twrog went for a walk. | 0:15:02 | 0:15:05 | |
-He went the summit of Moelwyn. | 0:15:05 | 0:15:08 | |
-He cheated, in a way... | 0:15:08 | 0:15:10 | |
-..and prayed for help on the summit. | 0:15:10 | 0:15:14 | |
-A great angel came down -and gave him amazing strength. | 0:15:14 | 0:15:19 | |
-He got hold of this huge stone... | 0:15:19 | 0:15:22 | |
-..and hurled it through the air. | 0:15:22 | 0:15:25 | |
-The stone landed, splat, -between the Devil's hooves. | 0:15:25 | 0:15:30 | |
-The Devil, as you'd expect... | 0:15:30 | 0:15:33 | |
-..swore, shook his tail... | 0:15:34 | 0:15:37 | |
-..opened his wings -and then flew eastwards. | 0:15:37 | 0:15:41 | |
-He didn't land -until he reached England. | 0:15:41 | 0:15:45 | |
-That's where he is, to this day. | 0:15:45 | 0:15:47 | |
-That's the story. | 0:15:48 | 0:15:49 | |
-According to legend, -this is the stone. | 0:15:49 | 0:15:54 | |
-This is Maen Twrog, Twrog's Stone. | 0:15:54 | 0:15:56 | |
-The fact that it's here -proves that the story is true. | 0:15:56 | 0:16:01 | |
-You see these marks. | 0:16:02 | 0:16:05 | |
-There are five. | 0:16:05 | 0:16:07 | |
-He had a huge hand - he was a giant. | 0:16:07 | 0:16:10 | |
-These match the marks -of his fingers... | 0:16:10 | 0:16:13 | |
-..when he grabbed and threw it. | 0:16:14 | 0:16:16 | |
-It's not surprising the early -Christians chose to build... | 0:16:16 | 0:16:21 | |
-..their sacred sites here, in the -middle of old pagan sacred sites... | 0:16:21 | 0:16:27 | |
-..and take over some of that power. | 0:16:28 | 0:16:30 | |
-Indeed. | 0:16:30 | 0:16:32 | |
-These pagan sites were -very important as part of Nature. | 0:16:32 | 0:16:36 | |
-The church is here, -next to the stone. | 0:16:37 | 0:16:41 | |
-If the church had been -built half a mile away... | 0:16:42 | 0:16:46 | |
-..people might still -have come here to hold rites. | 0:16:46 | 0:16:50 | |
-The most effective way -to neutralize the old pagan site... | 0:16:50 | 0:16:56 | |
-..was to build a church, -splat, on it. | 0:16:56 | 0:16:59 | |
-They didn't want this in the church. | 0:17:00 | 0:17:03 | |
-So there's a gap -of a few inches between them. | 0:17:04 | 0:17:08 | |
-Once more, we see Christianity -occupying pagan sites... | 0:17:10 | 0:17:16 | |
-..to ensure that the old faith -couldn't use them any more. | 0:17:16 | 0:17:22 | |
-Churches appeared on hills -and mountains all over the country. | 0:17:25 | 0:17:30 | |
-It was, perhaps, a conscious -attempt to rise up to heaven. | 0:17:31 | 0:17:36 | |
-Many of these churches... | 0:17:36 | 0:17:38 | |
-..were consecrated -the archangel Michael... | 0:17:39 | 0:17:42 | |
-..like this church -on Glastonbury Tor. | 0:17:42 | 0:17:46 | |
-Here's another place, -in the depths of Cornwall. | 0:17:48 | 0:17:53 | |
-A mediaeval hermit chose to build -a striking chapel on this rock. | 0:17:53 | 0:17:59 | |
-It's perhaps an odd place for a -hermit to retreat from the world... | 0:17:59 | 0:18:04 | |
-..because it's so visible. | 0:18:04 | 0:18:07 | |
-But he could live here and share -his wisdom from a mountain... | 0:18:07 | 0:18:12 | |
-..as Jesus did, -in the Sermon On The Mount. | 0:18:12 | 0:18:15 | |
-This place stands as a spiritual -fortress, overlooking the area. | 0:18:16 | 0:18:22 | |
-This remarkable church, near Bodmin -in Cornwall, was built in 1409. | 0:18:25 | 0:18:31 | |
-Little is known about the hermits -who lived here in the Middle Ages. | 0:18:32 | 0:18:37 | |
-But the superb views -would have inspired them... | 0:18:38 | 0:18:43 | |
-..in their retreat and meditation. | 0:18:43 | 0:18:46 | |
-Much more recently, the church -was used as a location... | 0:18:48 | 0:18:52 | |
-..in one of The Omen horror films. | 0:18:52 | 0:18:55 | |
-Perhaps that was appropriate. | 0:18:55 | 0:18:57 | |
-The films refer -to the Book Of Revelation. | 0:18:58 | 0:19:02 | |
-And in that Book, St Michael, to -whom this church was consecrated... | 0:19:02 | 0:19:08 | |
-..leads God's army -against the forces of darkness. | 0:19:09 | 0:19:14 | |
-Our ancestors prayed to St Michael, -the warrior angel... | 0:19:15 | 0:19:21 | |
-..to help them in times of crisis. | 0:19:21 | 0:19:24 | |
-Where better to do that on a hill? | 0:19:24 | 0:19:27 | |
-It was the first place -an angel from Heaven would land. | 0:19:27 | 0:19:32 | |
-Once again in Christianity... | 0:19:33 | 0:19:36 | |
-..we get a hint of old beliefs, -lurking in the background. | 0:19:36 | 0:19:41 | |
-Were mountains -a stronghold for old pagan gods... | 0:19:41 | 0:19:46 | |
-..where St Michael's sword -was needed to defeat them? | 0:19:46 | 0:19:50 | |
-Every time we turn -to the landscape around us... | 0:19:50 | 0:19:54 | |
-..we seem to bump -into these old beliefs. | 0:19:54 | 0:19:58 | |
-It's no surprise that Christians -in the early modern age... | 0:20:00 | 0:20:05 | |
-..felt that the work of ridding the -country of pagans wasn't complete. | 0:20:05 | 0:20:10 | |
-In the 17th century... | 0:20:10 | 0:20:12 | |
-..a few people decided -it was time to finish this work. | 0:20:12 | 0:20:17 | |
-I've come to Pendle Hill -in Lancashire to find out more. | 0:20:17 | 0:20:22 | |
-One man did more than anyone -to rid his religion of any signs... | 0:20:25 | 0:20:30 | |
-..of old superstitions... | 0:20:30 | 0:20:32 | |
-..by founding perhaps -the simplest of Christian movement. | 0:20:32 | 0:20:37 | |
-We know them today as the Society -Of Friends, or the Quakers. | 0:20:37 | 0:20:42 | |
-They reject the rites and sacraments -that feature in other churches. | 0:20:42 | 0:20:48 | |
-Their founder was George Fox. | 0:20:48 | 0:20:50 | |
-In 1652, he came here -to Pendle Hill. | 0:20:51 | 0:20:55 | |
-On a finer day than this, -in early summer... | 0:21:10 | 0:21:14 | |
-..George Fox was inspired -by the Lord to climb this hill. | 0:21:14 | 0:21:19 | |
-On the summit, he had a vision. | 0:21:19 | 0:21:22 | |
-He saw souls, like -a crop ready to be harvested... | 0:21:22 | 0:21:27 | |
-..as real to him as those fields. | 0:21:27 | 0:21:30 | |
-He recorded this in his diary. | 0:21:30 | 0:21:32 | |
-"From the top of the hill, the Lord -let me see in what places... | 0:21:32 | 0:21:36 | |
-"..he had a great -people to be gathered." | 0:21:37 | 0:21:40 | |
-It's ironic that even George Fox... | 0:21:41 | 0:21:43 | |
-..who put so much emphasis -on the Inner Voice... | 0:21:43 | 0:21:47 | |
-..and avoiding any rites... | 0:21:47 | 0:21:50 | |
-..was inspired to climb -to a mountain summit... | 0:21:50 | 0:21:53 | |
-..like many before him, -to have this vision. | 0:21:53 | 0:21:58 | |
-George Fox and his followers -didn't believe in baptism. | 0:21:59 | 0:22:04 | |
-There are no altars in the Meeting -Houses and they have no priests. | 0:22:05 | 0:22:10 | |
-George Fox even refused to use -the names of days and months... | 0:22:11 | 0:22:16 | |
-..because of their pagan links. | 0:22:16 | 0:22:19 | |
-But nevertheless, he admired -the beauty and splendour of Nature. | 0:22:19 | 0:22:25 | |
-The place that inspired -the first leader of the Quakers... | 0:22:27 | 0:22:32 | |
-..is a place where a pagan too -could feel spiritually at home. | 0:22:32 | 0:22:38 | |
-In our early history, -pagans and Christians... | 0:22:41 | 0:22:46 | |
-..tried to claim -our trees, wells and mountains. | 0:22:46 | 0:22:50 | |
-Indeed, the natural world has -played its part in several faiths. | 0:22:50 | 0:22:55 | |
-But the greatness of Nature is that -it doesn't belong to any of them. | 0:22:55 | 0:23:00 | |
-Trees and mountains -don't belong to any sect. | 0:23:00 | 0:23:04 | |
-You can't tie them to dogma. | 0:23:04 | 0:23:06 | |
-They inspire mystical feelings -in us that are difficult to explain. | 0:23:06 | 0:23:11 | |
-Maybe that's the point... | 0:23:11 | 0:23:13 | |
-..because Nature -is so much bigger than us. | 0:23:13 | 0:23:17 | |
-Indeed, in places like this, -for many of us... | 0:23:17 | 0:23:21 | |
-..this is where we come -closest to our God. | 0:23:21 | 0:23:26 | |
-S4C Subtitles by Gwead | 0:23:52 | 0:23:54 | |
-. | 0:23:54 | 0:23:54 |