Cynffig, Rhan 2 Olion: Palu am Hanes
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-Subtitles | 0:00:00 | 0:00:00 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:00:00 | 0:00:02 | |
-My name is Dr Iestyn Jones. Some -of you might know me as an actor. | 0:00:06 | 0:00:10 | |
-I'm passionate -about archaeology and history... | 0:00:10 | 0:00:14 | |
-..which has led me -to obtain a doctorate in the field. | 0:00:14 | 0:00:17 | |
-For more than 10 years, I've worked -as a professional archaeologist. | 0:00:18 | 0:00:22 | |
-Throughout this series, I'll visit -sites up and down the country... | 0:00:22 | 0:00:27 | |
-..that have never been excavated -before to uncover Wales' history. | 0:00:27 | 0:00:32 | |
-Welcome back -to Twmpath y Felin Wynt in Kenfig. | 0:00:34 | 0:00:38 | |
-Despite our hard work, there's -still lots to do. Come with me. | 0:00:38 | 0:00:42 | |
-We're in Kenfig, situated halfway -between Porthcawl and Swansea... | 0:00:42 | 0:00:48 | |
-..at a site which is a mere's -stone's throw away from the M4... | 0:00:48 | 0:00:52 | |
-..and hiding among the sand dunes. | 0:00:52 | 0:00:55 | |
-It is, in fact, beneath the dunes. | 0:00:55 | 0:00:57 | |
-The area has been defined -by its sand dunes... | 0:00:57 | 0:01:00 | |
-..which swept in to destroy it -centuries ago in a natural disaster. | 0:01:01 | 0:01:05 | |
-A group of volunteers from Kenfig -Archaeological Trust has joined us. | 0:01:05 | 0:01:10 | |
-This is the largest excavation site -of the series. | 0:01:10 | 0:01:14 | |
-Three trenches are exposed -on Twmpath y Felin Wynt. | 0:01:20 | 0:01:23 | |
-Each one poses a unique challenge -to our assigned teams. | 0:01:23 | 0:01:28 | |
-Our biggest obstacle is the sand. | 0:01:28 | 0:01:31 | |
-There are metres of sand hiding -beneath a thin layer of topsoil. | 0:01:34 | 0:01:39 | |
-After removing tonnes of sand -mechanically and by hand... | 0:01:39 | 0:01:43 | |
-..we came across -the natural earth... | 0:01:43 | 0:01:47 | |
-..that would've been the original -surface before the sand swept in... | 0:01:47 | 0:01:51 | |
-..and completely engulfed it -for centuries. | 0:01:51 | 0:01:55 | |
-We're midway through the week -and everything's going very well. | 0:02:01 | 0:02:05 | |
-We're able to see the bank -very clearly in that trench there... | 0:02:06 | 0:02:11 | |
-..where we've dug a transection. | 0:02:11 | 0:02:13 | |
-The dyke is visible, which is great. | 0:02:14 | 0:02:16 | |
-We need to remove much more -to see the ditch too. | 0:02:16 | 0:02:20 | |
-This trench was dug -late yesterday afternoon. | 0:02:20 | 0:02:23 | |
-It's slightly baffling but there are -the remains of something there. | 0:02:23 | 0:02:29 | |
-Over here, we're looking at... | 0:02:29 | 0:02:32 | |
-..what might possibly be -a windmill... | 0:02:34 | 0:02:36 | |
-..since this site is called -Twmpath y Felin Wynt (windmill). | 0:02:37 | 0:02:41 | |
-There's still a lot of cleaning work -to be done to verify its age. | 0:02:42 | 0:02:46 | |
-The weather's on our side so far... | 0:02:47 | 0:02:49 | |
-..but we still have an enormous -amount of work on our hands. | 0:02:49 | 0:02:54 | |
-Having spoken to a group of locals, -who regularly visit the site... | 0:02:55 | 0:02:59 | |
-..this area of land -is called Twmpath y Felin Wynt... | 0:03:00 | 0:03:04 | |
-..so its name -certainly has a derivation. | 0:03:04 | 0:03:08 | |
-It's an explanation -for this circular building. | 0:03:08 | 0:03:11 | |
-We've opened up more of the site... | 0:03:14 | 0:03:20 | |
-..and this morning -we've dug down to natural earth... | 0:03:20 | 0:03:24 | |
-..which would've been -the original floor beneath the sand. | 0:03:24 | 0:03:28 | |
-The difficulty now... | 0:03:29 | 0:03:32 | |
-..is to move even more -in order to get a clearer view. | 0:03:33 | 0:03:36 | |
-Many people -come here on a daily basis. | 0:03:36 | 0:03:40 | |
-Their point of reference -is a picture... | 0:03:40 | 0:03:43 | |
-..of the north-western portion -of this site... | 0:03:43 | 0:03:49 | |
-..in the direction of Margam. | 0:03:49 | 0:03:51 | |
-A picture exists of a chapel -in the surrounding woodland... | 0:03:52 | 0:03:57 | |
-..next door to the abbey, featuring -a wooden windmill in the background. | 0:03:57 | 0:04:02 | |
-They claim the picture -is from the 16th century. | 0:04:02 | 0:04:06 | |
-It suggests that the stuff -we've discovered so far... | 0:04:06 | 0:04:11 | |
-..on top of the sand... | 0:04:12 | 0:04:15 | |
-..is either rubble -that has caved in... | 0:04:15 | 0:04:18 | |
-..or something they've used to -prop up or to reinforce a building. | 0:04:18 | 0:04:22 | |
-I think we're closer -to saying it's a windmill... | 0:04:23 | 0:04:27 | |
-..without wishing to sound -like I'm waffling. | 0:04:28 | 0:04:31 | |
-According to some of the locals... | 0:04:31 | 0:04:34 | |
-..it's also the site of the -lost castle of Iestyn ap Gwrgant... | 0:04:35 | 0:04:38 | |
-..the last ruler of Morgannwg. | 0:04:39 | 0:04:41 | |
-But the geophys survey -shows no indication of this. | 0:04:41 | 0:04:44 | |
-The far end of the site -still remains a mystery. | 0:04:44 | 0:04:47 | |
-It shows signs of a fire -or a collapsed wall. | 0:04:48 | 0:04:51 | |
-Since we're inundated -with volunteers... | 0:04:51 | 0:04:54 | |
-..I'm going to let them dig their -own trench under supervision... | 0:04:54 | 0:04:58 | |
-..to try and find a missing part -of their locality's history. | 0:04:58 | 0:05:03 | |
-They must dig by hand -to see how deep they need to go... | 0:05:03 | 0:05:06 | |
-..before finding any stone. | 0:05:07 | 0:05:09 | |
-In the meantime, I've been cleaning -the newly-excavated trench. | 0:05:09 | 0:05:14 | |
-It's proving interesting. | 0:05:14 | 0:05:16 | |
-There might well be -ancient remains here... | 0:05:16 | 0:05:19 | |
-..that date back to the Iron Age, -500 years before Christ. | 0:05:20 | 0:05:24 | |
-Here we are in trench number one. | 0:05:24 | 0:05:26 | |
-Rhys was working in here yesterday. | 0:05:27 | 0:05:29 | |
-If you remember, we found traces of -charcoal at the side of the trench. | 0:05:29 | 0:05:35 | |
-We've extended out that way -and this is clear to see now. | 0:05:35 | 0:05:40 | |
-It doesn't look as if -it spreads out. It's localised here. | 0:05:40 | 0:05:45 | |
-It's possible -that it might be a hearth. | 0:05:45 | 0:05:49 | |
-It's certainly a place -where burning has taken place. | 0:05:49 | 0:05:53 | |
-We're unsure at the moment but it'll -become clearer once it's cleaned. | 0:05:53 | 0:05:58 | |
-Over here there are -many slingshots to be seen. | 0:05:59 | 0:06:03 | |
-Though it requires -further excavation... | 0:06:04 | 0:06:07 | |
-..these are very interesting. | 0:06:07 | 0:06:10 | |
-Usually, -they belong to the Iron Age. | 0:06:10 | 0:06:15 | |
-They were thrown at people -who tried to attack the site. | 0:06:15 | 0:06:19 | |
-They're usually found -near a ditch, a dyke or an entrance. | 0:06:19 | 0:06:25 | |
-We're not very far -from an entrance here. | 0:06:25 | 0:06:28 | |
-The ditch would be -the other side of the dyke. | 0:06:28 | 0:06:31 | |
-This is very interesting. | 0:06:31 | 0:06:33 | |
-It hasn't come -as a complete surprise to me. | 0:06:33 | 0:06:37 | |
-Looking at the aerial photograph -taken in 1946... | 0:06:37 | 0:06:41 | |
-..an outline of a defensive ditch -surrounding the hill-fort... | 0:06:41 | 0:06:45 | |
-..can be seen -right where I'm standing. | 0:06:45 | 0:06:48 | |
-This isn't -the only hill-fort in the area. | 0:06:48 | 0:06:51 | |
-Above the uplands in this area... | 0:06:52 | 0:06:54 | |
-..and far from any modern roads -is an incredible site... | 0:06:54 | 0:06:58 | |
-..which hasn't changed in centuries. | 0:06:58 | 0:07:01 | |
-We're here in the hill-fort, -or enclosed site, of Ton-Mawr... | 0:07:13 | 0:07:18 | |
-..high above our site in Kenfig. | 0:07:18 | 0:07:20 | |
-It's very interesting because -although it's a hill-fort... | 0:07:21 | 0:07:25 | |
-..and possibly from the same era -as Twmpath y Felin Wynt... | 0:07:25 | 0:07:29 | |
-..there are corners -to these ditches. | 0:07:29 | 0:07:32 | |
-There's also an internal dyke -and ditch within an external dyke. | 0:07:32 | 0:07:37 | |
-Although we're -in an elevated position here... | 0:07:37 | 0:07:40 | |
-..it's a prominent site -from the sky. | 0:07:40 | 0:07:43 | |
-But it's not possible -to see our site from here. | 0:07:43 | 0:07:47 | |
-We have a lovely view of the sea -beyond the Gower peninsula. | 0:07:47 | 0:07:51 | |
-It's visible yet invisible. | 0:07:51 | 0:07:54 | |
-It's concealed up here, -which is quite remarkable. | 0:07:54 | 0:07:58 | |
-I think I'd better get back -to excavating Twmpath y Felin Wynt. | 0:07:58 | 0:08:03 | |
-These uplands -were home to the Siluries... | 0:08:05 | 0:08:08 | |
-..for many years -during the Iron Age. | 0:08:08 | 0:08:10 | |
-They were also home to the Welsh -until the Normans invaded. | 0:08:11 | 0:08:15 | |
-Historical documents refer to them -as the wild Welsh of the uplands. | 0:08:15 | 0:08:20 | |
-From the air, we can see several -examples of mighty strongholds. | 0:08:21 | 0:08:25 | |
-To the north of this site -is Blaen Y Cwm hill-fort. | 0:08:25 | 0:08:29 | |
-Further up, Caer Y Bwlwarcau -is still visible from the air. | 0:08:29 | 0:08:35 | |
-Further to the south -is Mynydd Y Castell hill-fort... | 0:08:35 | 0:08:39 | |
-..dominating -Margam Castle and Park. | 0:08:39 | 0:08:42 | |
-Caer Hanner Lleuad -is situated closely nearby. | 0:08:42 | 0:08:46 | |
-To the northeast of our site -is Pen Y Castell hill-fort. | 0:08:46 | 0:08:50 | |
-Within a few square miles, there are -seven powerful hill-forts... | 0:08:51 | 0:08:55 | |
-..overlooking the lowlands. | 0:08:56 | 0:08:58 | |
-It's a privilege excavating -in one of these defensive ditches... | 0:09:01 | 0:09:05 | |
-..surrounding our hill-fort. | 0:09:05 | 0:09:07 | |
-We've dug down further and -it's very dark on the bottom here. | 0:09:10 | 0:09:15 | |
-The earth looks wet on either side. | 0:09:15 | 0:09:18 | |
-This must be the ditch since there's -a marked difference in colour. | 0:09:20 | 0:09:25 | |
-As far as I know, there is -no archaeological evidence... | 0:09:25 | 0:09:30 | |
-..of sand sweeping into the area -on more than one occasion... | 0:09:30 | 0:09:34 | |
-..although historical sources -suggest otherwise. | 0:09:34 | 0:09:38 | |
-People have written -about these events. | 0:09:38 | 0:09:41 | |
-You can see -from the cross-section... | 0:09:41 | 0:09:44 | |
-..at the end of the ditch... | 0:09:45 | 0:09:47 | |
-..that an influx of sand -occurred at least twice. | 0:09:47 | 0:09:51 | |
-It might've swept in -later than the Iron Age... | 0:09:51 | 0:09:55 | |
-..which would make it easier to see. | 0:09:56 | 0:09:59 | |
-We know that -people lived here in the Iron Age. | 0:09:59 | 0:10:04 | |
-We also know -there was a windmill here. | 0:10:04 | 0:10:08 | |
-It'll become clearer later. | 0:10:08 | 0:10:10 | |
-It's great that we're seeing -a ditch here for the first time. | 0:10:10 | 0:10:14 | |
-We'll have to remove this by hand -with a shovel instead of a digger... | 0:10:15 | 0:10:20 | |
-..or we might lose vital evidence, -so we must be very careful. | 0:10:21 | 0:10:25 | |
-While the team -gets on with the digging... | 0:10:25 | 0:10:29 | |
-..join us in Part 2 -to see the results. | 0:10:29 | 0:10:31 | |
-. | 0:10:37 | 0:10:38 | |
-Subtitles | 0:10:40 | 0:10:40 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:10:40 | 0:10:42 | |
-We've reached the bottom, the floor, -in this trench. | 0:10:46 | 0:10:49 | |
-This is -the natural earth, which is solid. | 0:10:49 | 0:10:53 | |
-We failed -to get our trowels through it. | 0:10:54 | 0:10:58 | |
-We've found three sides... | 0:10:58 | 0:11:02 | |
-..to this enormous hole -in the shape of a circle. | 0:11:03 | 0:11:06 | |
-It appears to be -some kind of hole... | 0:11:07 | 0:11:12 | |
-..for the construction -of a windmill. | 0:11:12 | 0:11:15 | |
-The next question is... | 0:11:15 | 0:11:17 | |
-..how do you build a windmill -in the 16th century? | 0:11:17 | 0:11:20 | |
-But it looks like -the men who worked on this... | 0:11:21 | 0:11:25 | |
-..would've had to have gone through -this natural earth, and it's solid. | 0:11:25 | 0:11:30 | |
-Even with a mattock, -all you're doing is creating dust. | 0:11:30 | 0:11:34 | |
-Just imagine the work involved... | 0:11:34 | 0:11:38 | |
-..in digging that hole. | 0:11:38 | 0:11:42 | |
-It would've been hard graft. | 0:11:42 | 0:11:45 | |
-In terms of its archaeology... | 0:11:45 | 0:11:48 | |
-..when you hit the stone, -you know you've reached the side. | 0:11:48 | 0:11:52 | |
-We're fairly happy. | 0:11:52 | 0:11:54 | |
-We've an enormous circle with walls -carved into the original earth. | 0:11:55 | 0:11:59 | |
-The best suggestion I can offer... | 0:11:59 | 0:12:02 | |
-..is that these are -the foundations for a windmill. | 0:12:02 | 0:12:05 | |
-Thanks to Rhys and Jerry's effort.. | 0:12:05 | 0:12:08 | |
-..one section of the site -is much clearer. | 0:12:08 | 0:12:10 | |
-It might've resembled this - -a windmill from the 15th century. | 0:12:11 | 0:12:15 | |
-At the other end of the site, -things aren't so clear. | 0:12:16 | 0:12:19 | |
-The volunteers are searching for -Iestyn ap Gwrgant's lost castle... | 0:12:19 | 0:12:24 | |
-..which, according to one source, -is somewhere here. | 0:12:24 | 0:12:28 | |
-The sand -is causing problems yet again. | 0:12:28 | 0:12:30 | |
-Colin and his digger -are drafted in to dig deeper. | 0:12:31 | 0:12:34 | |
-It's possible to see -the sheer depth of the sand here. | 0:12:35 | 0:12:38 | |
-It obviously swept in -over a long period of time... | 0:12:39 | 0:12:42 | |
-..to bury whatever was here. | 0:12:42 | 0:12:44 | |
-Meanwhile, -I'm still in the Iron Age trench. | 0:12:46 | 0:12:50 | |
-Keith has just cleaned -the side of the ditch over here... | 0:12:55 | 0:12:59 | |
-..to reveal -an interesting transection. | 0:12:59 | 0:13:03 | |
-But it's drying rapidly, so I'll -quickly explain before it vanishes. | 0:13:03 | 0:13:07 | |
-The vegetation is at the top, -beneath which is sand. | 0:13:08 | 0:13:12 | |
-It's more noticeable here. | 0:13:12 | 0:13:14 | |
-This is sandy earth. | 0:13:15 | 0:13:18 | |
-It's possible that this was -the surface of the soil at one time. | 0:13:18 | 0:13:23 | |
-It's fairly consistent -along here... | 0:13:23 | 0:13:26 | |
-..above the earth, which takes us -back to a much earlier time. | 0:13:26 | 0:13:30 | |
-But as we move across here... | 0:13:31 | 0:13:33 | |
-..it's possible -to see the level falling, rising... | 0:13:34 | 0:13:39 | |
-..and falling again. | 0:13:39 | 0:13:41 | |
-That could be -because people ploughed the land. | 0:13:41 | 0:13:45 | |
-Perhaps that's why we have -this wave effect in the soil... | 0:13:46 | 0:13:51 | |
-..as though someone -was ploughing the land. | 0:13:51 | 0:13:54 | |
-In 1993, archaeologists -from the Kenfig Society... | 0:13:54 | 0:13:59 | |
-..excavated a site in the sand dunes -on the other side of the M4... | 0:13:59 | 0:14:03 | |
-..close to the Norman castle. | 0:14:03 | 0:14:05 | |
-They uncovered a sequence -of lines in the earth... | 0:14:05 | 0:14:08 | |
-..with a hollow either side. | 0:14:09 | 0:14:11 | |
-The land had been ploughed... | 0:14:11 | 0:14:13 | |
-..and showed the effects -of the sand sweeping in. | 0:14:13 | 0:14:16 | |
-These lines are 18 inches apart. | 0:14:16 | 0:14:19 | |
-I've recently measured -those from our site... | 0:14:19 | 0:14:22 | |
-..and they too are 18 inches apart. | 0:14:22 | 0:14:25 | |
-Did the same medieval farmer -farm these two sites? | 0:14:25 | 0:14:28 | |
-We've found evidence to suggest this -site dates back to the Iron Age... | 0:14:28 | 0:14:33 | |
-..or at least -some time around that era. | 0:14:33 | 0:14:36 | |
-Professor Ray Howell -from South Wales University... | 0:14:36 | 0:14:40 | |
-..who joined us at Llandre -is back with us. | 0:14:40 | 0:14:44 | |
-Everyone knows that Kenfig is -associated with the Middle Ages... | 0:14:44 | 0:14:48 | |
-..following excavations -in the dunes. | 0:14:49 | 0:14:51 | |
-Is it surprising -to find something from the Iron Age? | 0:14:52 | 0:14:55 | |
-Yes, it's both surprising -and significant. | 0:14:56 | 0:14:59 | |
-I think it was a great idea -to come and dig here. | 0:14:59 | 0:15:04 | |
-Throughout the day today... | 0:15:04 | 0:15:08 | |
-..locals have flocked to the area. | 0:15:08 | 0:15:11 | |
-Each one of them... | 0:15:11 | 0:15:13 | |
-..knew this was a medieval site. | 0:15:14 | 0:15:18 | |
-They remembered -the Time Team excavating here... | 0:15:18 | 0:15:22 | |
-..and finding medieval remains. | 0:15:23 | 0:15:25 | |
-But to uncover something -from the Iron Age is superb. | 0:15:25 | 0:15:29 | |
-As you know, I have -a great interest in the Iron Age. | 0:15:29 | 0:15:33 | |
-In Wales, -we certainly need to find out more. | 0:15:33 | 0:15:38 | |
-Something like this is a big help. -It's great. | 0:15:38 | 0:15:42 | |
-You're an expert on the Siluries... | 0:15:42 | 0:15:45 | |
-..and you've -written a book about them. | 0:15:45 | 0:15:48 | |
-Tell me briefly who they were... | 0:15:48 | 0:15:50 | |
-..and if you believe this site -was within Silurian territory. | 0:15:50 | 0:15:55 | |
-The Siluries were an Iron Age -tribe from southeast Wales. | 0:15:57 | 0:16:03 | |
-They caused a lot of trouble -for the Romans. | 0:16:05 | 0:16:08 | |
-They fought for 25 years. | 0:16:10 | 0:16:14 | |
-It was a turbulent time, wasn't it? | 0:16:15 | 0:16:18 | |
-Yes. | 0:16:18 | 0:16:20 | |
-We're not certain -of the boundaries... | 0:16:21 | 0:16:23 | |
-..but people say it was from -the River Wye to the River Tawe... | 0:16:24 | 0:16:28 | |
-..but I think it's safe to say... | 0:16:28 | 0:16:31 | |
-..this site was within the Siluries' -territory and was a Silurian site. | 0:16:31 | 0:16:35 | |
-We must remember that while we're -searching for historical proof... | 0:16:36 | 0:16:41 | |
-..we're also excavating a site -that was inhabited. | 0:16:41 | 0:16:45 | |
-These were people's homes. | 0:16:45 | 0:16:47 | |
-The Siluries -were supporting their families... | 0:16:47 | 0:16:51 | |
-..when the Romans reached -what is now South Wales. | 0:16:51 | 0:16:55 | |
-It was -a ferocious period of history. | 0:16:55 | 0:16:58 | |
-The slingshots found in this trench -are testament to that era. | 0:16:58 | 0:17:03 | |
-A few things have emerged -while I've been designing. | 0:17:04 | 0:17:08 | |
-It's often the case. | 0:17:08 | 0:17:10 | |
-We sometimes take a closer look... | 0:17:10 | 0:17:13 | |
-..at things that have -never been studied before. | 0:17:13 | 0:17:17 | |
-Having cleared away -the sand for this stone... | 0:17:17 | 0:17:22 | |
-..I've found a piece of wood -that looks as if it's been burnt. | 0:17:23 | 0:17:27 | |
-I can even see the woodgrain. | 0:17:27 | 0:17:30 | |
-This is incredibly interesting. | 0:17:30 | 0:17:33 | |
-This could be a piece of wood used -to light a fire in the Iron Age... | 0:17:33 | 0:17:37 | |
-..more than 2,000 years ago. | 0:17:37 | 0:17:39 | |
-The next step is to carefully remove -this piece of wood... | 0:17:40 | 0:17:45 | |
-..seal it in a bag -and make a record of it. | 0:17:45 | 0:17:48 | |
-It will then be sent -to the laboratory... | 0:17:49 | 0:17:52 | |
-..where the men in white coats -will date the wood... | 0:17:52 | 0:17:55 | |
-..decipher the type of wood it is -and when it would've been burnt. | 0:17:55 | 0:18:00 | |
-At the other end -of the same trench... | 0:18:01 | 0:18:03 | |
-..Erika and Keith -have unearthed a posthole. | 0:18:03 | 0:18:06 | |
-Thick wood would've originally -been placed in the hole... | 0:18:07 | 0:18:10 | |
-..and filled with earth and stone... | 0:18:11 | 0:18:14 | |
-..to create the foundations -for a roundhouse... | 0:18:14 | 0:18:17 | |
-..at the top of this hill-fort. | 0:18:18 | 0:18:20 | |
-Every find must be recorded... | 0:18:20 | 0:18:22 | |
-..as well as the changes -in the earth's colour. | 0:18:23 | 0:18:26 | |
-Believe it or not, -there are dozens of browns! | 0:18:26 | 0:18:30 | |
-Looking around me... | 0:18:30 | 0:18:33 | |
-..excitement -has taken hold of the place. | 0:18:34 | 0:18:37 | |
-Families are interested -in the site's archaeology. | 0:18:38 | 0:18:41 | |
-When the sand swept in, the -people who lived and farmed here... | 0:18:42 | 0:18:45 | |
-..had to flee... | 0:18:46 | 0:18:49 | |
-..and move away. | 0:18:49 | 0:18:51 | |
-The sand has killed the site -and killed the area. | 0:18:51 | 0:18:56 | |
-It buried it for centuries. | 0:18:56 | 0:18:59 | |
-At the furthest end of the site, -the sand is too deep. | 0:19:01 | 0:19:05 | |
-Excavation has to cease. | 0:19:05 | 0:19:07 | |
-Our aim was to -encourage the community... | 0:19:07 | 0:19:10 | |
-..to come here to dig -and discover the area's history... | 0:19:10 | 0:19:15 | |
-..their area, of course. | 0:19:15 | 0:19:17 | |
-What we've found -is incredibly interesting. | 0:19:18 | 0:19:21 | |
-The profile of this land -is unnaturally steep. | 0:19:21 | 0:19:27 | |
-It's too dangerous -to dig further down. | 0:19:28 | 0:19:32 | |
-Fragments of pottery have emerged. | 0:19:32 | 0:19:35 | |
-Black pottery that -may well come from the Iron Age. | 0:19:35 | 0:19:38 | |
-One fragment looks Roman but we -need an expert's opinion on that. | 0:19:39 | 0:19:43 | |
-We've also found the bones -of what might be pigs. | 0:19:44 | 0:19:47 | |
-Something certainly went on here. | 0:19:48 | 0:19:51 | |
-This is a much bigger project. | 0:19:51 | 0:19:53 | |
-Further excavation -is required in future. | 0:19:53 | 0:19:56 | |
-The local community can see to that. | 0:19:57 | 0:19:59 | |
-I hope you're not lazing about. | 0:20:06 | 0:20:08 | |
-I hope you're not lazing about. - -I'm having a cuppa. | 0:20:08 | 0:20:09 | |
-The best way -of getting to know someone... | 0:20:10 | 0:20:13 | |
-..is when you're -digging in a trench together. | 0:20:13 | 0:20:16 | |
-We haven't had -the opportunity to do that. | 0:20:17 | 0:20:20 | |
-I know Jerry well! | 0:20:20 | 0:20:22 | |
-We've both been working -in different holes. | 0:20:22 | 0:20:25 | |
-How is everything going? | 0:20:26 | 0:20:28 | |
-What we have here -are the foundations of a windmill... | 0:20:28 | 0:20:33 | |
-..if we accept -that a windmill stood here. | 0:20:33 | 0:20:36 | |
-There are -three points in the circle... | 0:20:36 | 0:20:39 | |
-..where they've cut into -the natural land, and it's solid. | 0:20:39 | 0:20:44 | |
-So they dug a big circle -and built inside it? | 0:20:44 | 0:20:48 | |
-Yes, I'd say so. | 0:20:49 | 0:20:51 | |
-We've run out of time yet again. | 0:20:52 | 0:20:54 | |
-I'd love to spend the next year -excavating this site... | 0:20:54 | 0:20:58 | |
-..but it's not possible, -unfortunately. | 0:20:58 | 0:21:01 | |
-It's hard to explain the enormity -of the task we've faced... | 0:21:02 | 0:21:06 | |
-..but it's been a successful dig. | 0:21:07 | 0:21:09 | |
-Rhys worked non-stop -in this trench... | 0:21:09 | 0:21:12 | |
-..where he uncovered the foundations -of a windmill from the 16thC... | 0:21:12 | 0:21:17 | |
-..judging from the pottery fragments -that were unearthed. | 0:21:17 | 0:21:21 | |
-In this enormous trench, I've never -seen a transection of this kind. | 0:21:22 | 0:21:27 | |
-This clear picture is testament -to this area's history... | 0:21:28 | 0:21:31 | |
-..as sand swept in -to bury the land... | 0:21:31 | 0:21:34 | |
-..before crops -could once again be cultivated here. | 0:21:34 | 0:21:38 | |
-But the sand returned -to wipe out the community forever. | 0:21:38 | 0:21:42 | |
-The remains of a roundhouse -were also found. | 0:21:43 | 0:21:47 | |
-A family's home -from the end of the Iron Age. | 0:21:47 | 0:21:50 | |
-We're nearing the end of our time -at Twmpath y Felin Wynt... | 0:21:50 | 0:21:56 | |
-..it's been a very interesting week. | 0:21:56 | 0:21:59 | |
-Seeing these trenches around me... | 0:21:59 | 0:22:02 | |
-..confirmed my suspicions -about the site... | 0:22:02 | 0:22:05 | |
-..that this was once -an Iron Age settlement. | 0:22:06 | 0:22:09 | |
-We can see that people lived here -during that time. | 0:22:09 | 0:22:14 | |
-It's also interesting... | 0:22:14 | 0:22:17 | |
-..that the industry which defines -this era, the iron itself... | 0:22:17 | 0:22:21 | |
-..is still associated with the area, -though it's now turned to steel. | 0:22:22 | 0:22:27 | |
-We've travelled -the length and breadth of Wales... | 0:22:36 | 0:22:39 | |
-..and been very fortunate -to have excavated four sites... | 0:22:40 | 0:22:43 | |
-..that have -never been excavated before. | 0:22:44 | 0:22:47 | |
-Each time a new -archaeological trench is opened... | 0:22:48 | 0:22:51 | |
-..we gain a better understanding -of our lost history. | 0:22:52 | 0:22:55 | |
-We found a Roman building -on the banks of the River Conwy... | 0:22:56 | 0:22:59 | |
-..a hill-fort in Ceredigion -and part of a Roman road in Lledrod. | 0:23:00 | 0:23:03 | |
-And here, beneath the sand... | 0:23:04 | 0:23:06 | |
-..we unearthed a hill-fort from -the Iron Age and the Roman era... | 0:23:07 | 0:23:11 | |
-..and a windmill -from the late Middle Ages. | 0:23:11 | 0:23:14 | |
-Sites like these -exist all over Wales. | 0:23:14 | 0:23:17 | |
-Further excavations allow us -to discover more information... | 0:23:17 | 0:23:21 | |
-..and the remains -of Wales's history. | 0:23:21 | 0:23:25 | |
-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf. | 0:23:42 | 0:23:45 | |
-. | 0:23:45 | 0:23:46 |