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-This series guides you -along the Anglesey coast... | 0:00:06 | 0:00:09 | |
-..exploring the names -of beaches, headlands and rocks. | 0:00:10 | 0:00:13 | |
-We discover how the names -hold the key to our history. | 0:00:14 | 0:00:18 | |
-We'll also record the names of those -places known only by word of mouth. | 0:00:18 | 0:00:23 | |
-Names change and evolve. | 0:00:23 | 0:00:25 | |
-Nothing is ever stable -where the land meets the sea. | 0:00:25 | 0:00:30 | |
-In the words of Rolant o Fon... | 0:00:30 | 0:00:33 | |
-.."The sea breaks into silver -threads on a cold bed of rocks." | 0:00:33 | 0:00:38 | |
-In this programme, we leave -the tranquillity of Dulas Bay... | 0:00:48 | 0:00:52 | |
-..and head to the post-industrial -town of Amlwch. | 0:00:52 | 0:00:55 | |
-At the peak of the sailboat era... | 0:00:55 | 0:00:58 | |
-..there were so many of them -in Dulas Bay... | 0:00:58 | 0:01:01 | |
-..you could run across the bay from -boat to boat without getting wet. | 0:01:01 | 0:01:06 | |
-Boats may have changed with time but -the sea's nature remains unchanged. | 0:01:06 | 0:01:11 | |
-This area has seen many shipwrecks -over the centuries... | 0:01:13 | 0:01:17 | |
-..and later we'll visit a harbour... | 0:01:17 | 0:01:20 | |
-..where the effect of that has left -its mark on coastal place names. | 0:01:20 | 0:01:24 | |
-Prominent people -have also left their mark here. | 0:01:30 | 0:01:33 | |
-We're near the site -where Llys Dulas mansion once stood. | 0:01:33 | 0:01:37 | |
-An opulent Gothic structure -that was built in 1856. | 0:01:37 | 0:01:41 | |
-The old mansion has been replaced -by a brand new structure. | 0:01:41 | 0:01:46 | |
-Beneath the mansion -is a famous rock. | 0:01:46 | 0:01:49 | |
-Carreg Y Ledi -overlooks a portion of coastline... | 0:01:50 | 0:01:53 | |
-..which, at high tide, resembles -a sunken natural swimming pool. | 0:01:54 | 0:01:59 | |
-Stairs have been -carved into the stone... | 0:01:59 | 0:02:02 | |
-..along with an iron handrail. | 0:02:03 | 0:02:05 | |
-It was to help -the residents of Llys Dulas... | 0:02:05 | 0:02:08 | |
-..climb in and out -of the sea whilst swimming. | 0:02:08 | 0:02:11 | |
-Carreg Y Ledi -is dedicated to Lady Dinorben... | 0:02:16 | 0:02:20 | |
-..who lived at Llys Dulas -in the 19th century. | 0:02:21 | 0:02:24 | |
-She must've been -a woman of great importance... | 0:02:25 | 0:02:28 | |
-..to have had part of the coastline -adapted especially for her. | 0:02:28 | 0:02:32 | |
-Not everyone was lucky enough to -spend time sunbathing and swimming. | 0:02:43 | 0:02:48 | |
-In poorer times, crab fishing -was an important pursuit. | 0:02:48 | 0:02:52 | |
-A stone's throw from Carreg Y Ledi -is Trwyn Cwmrwd... | 0:02:52 | 0:02:57 | |
-..where Owie Jones -has spent his life crab fishing. | 0:02:57 | 0:03:01 | |
-He's given every crab hole a name -and has a few amusing expressions. | 0:03:01 | 0:03:05 | |
-When there are shoots in the hollows -there'll be crabs in the holes. | 0:03:05 | 0:03:10 | |
-From March to April, -the corn seeds are sown. | 0:03:10 | 0:03:15 | |
-You're talking about corn shoots? | 0:03:15 | 0:03:17 | |
-You're talking about corn shoots? - -Yes, that's right. | 0:03:17 | 0:03:19 | |
-When there are shoots in the hollows -there'll be crabs in the holes. | 0:03:19 | 0:03:23 | |
-Let's go and search for the crabs. | 0:03:24 | 0:03:26 | |
-Yes, let's go over there. | 0:03:26 | 0:03:29 | |
-You must know every nook and cranny. | 0:03:29 | 0:03:32 | |
-You must know every nook and cranny. - -I've spent enough time here. | 0:03:32 | 0:03:34 | |
-You've even named these crab holes. | 0:03:34 | 0:03:37 | |
-This is Twll Tan Jos -and that's Twll Defi Jos over there. | 0:03:38 | 0:03:41 | |
-Why have you personalized the names? | 0:03:42 | 0:03:45 | |
-Did the men claim them as their own? | 0:03:45 | 0:03:47 | |
-Did the men claim them as their own? - -They must've caught a good yield. | 0:03:47 | 0:03:50 | |
-The crab catchers of the past -may have been commemorated... | 0:03:50 | 0:03:54 | |
-..but I'm having no such luck, -so I'll leave it to the master. | 0:03:54 | 0:03:57 | |
-Look! | 0:04:01 | 0:04:03 | |
-It's a little one. It's a female. | 0:04:03 | 0:04:05 | |
-Argh, it's bitten me! | 0:04:06 | 0:04:08 | |
-I had no idea what I was doing... | 0:04:11 | 0:04:14 | |
-..but Owie persevered -in Tyllau Clytiau Gleision... | 0:04:14 | 0:04:17 | |
-..Tyllau'r Gwely, Twll Hugh Phipps -and Twll Richard Castle. | 0:04:18 | 0:04:22 | |
-His perseverance -paid off in the end. | 0:04:22 | 0:04:24 | |
-That's a good one, Owie. | 0:04:25 | 0:04:27 | |
-Yes, this is a great one. | 0:04:28 | 0:04:30 | |
-Is it male or female? | 0:04:30 | 0:04:31 | |
-Is it male or female? - -Male. | 0:04:31 | 0:04:33 | |
-That'll do for a hearty meal. | 0:04:33 | 0:04:36 | |
-Here we go, -the fruits of our labour. | 0:04:39 | 0:04:42 | |
-This is one for the table. | 0:04:42 | 0:04:44 | |
-These crab holes -and their names might be old... | 0:04:44 | 0:04:48 | |
-..but they still provide -a good yield. | 0:04:48 | 0:04:51 | |
-I'll put it in the sack -like a good boy, shall I? | 0:04:51 | 0:04:54 | |
-Come on, Owie, -let's go and put it in the saucepan. | 0:04:56 | 0:04:59 | |
-We'll get some good ones here. | 0:04:59 | 0:05:01 | |
-Let's look for more. | 0:05:02 | 0:05:04 | |
-A stone's throw away, in the heart -of the bay, is Dulas Island... | 0:05:17 | 0:05:21 | |
-..a prominent feature -of the coastline. | 0:05:21 | 0:05:24 | |
-The Llys Dulas family left its mark -here in the form of this tower... | 0:05:25 | 0:05:29 | |
-..erected by -Colonel James Hughes in 1824... | 0:05:29 | 0:05:32 | |
-..to provide shelter -for ships that came ashore. | 0:05:33 | 0:05:36 | |
-I doubt -those who were stranded here... | 0:06:00 | 0:06:02 | |
-..received a warmer welcome -than this from the seagulls! | 0:06:03 | 0:06:06 | |
-The tower was equipped -with firewood, blankets... | 0:06:07 | 0:06:11 | |
-..matches and food. | 0:06:11 | 0:06:13 | |
-But, according to records -and hearsay... | 0:06:13 | 0:06:16 | |
-..locals rowed to the island, swiped -the contents and left it bare. | 0:06:17 | 0:06:22 | |
-The common name for rocks that -rise to the surface in mid-tide... | 0:06:26 | 0:06:31 | |
-..is "carreg hanner trai," -which can be treacherous. | 0:06:32 | 0:06:35 | |
-Before GPS, they were very useful -for warning sailors where to avoid. | 0:06:36 | 0:06:41 | |
-When the sea -was a source of sustenance... | 0:06:46 | 0:06:49 | |
-..people used boats to lower lobster -cages and nets into the sea... | 0:06:49 | 0:06:53 | |
-..so every nook and cranny -needed to be accounted for... | 0:06:53 | 0:06:57 | |
-..to focus on the area in detail. | 0:06:57 | 0:06:59 | |
-But since we're now using the sea -for leisure pursuits... | 0:07:00 | 0:07:03 | |
-..we don't need such details. | 0:07:04 | 0:07:06 | |
-These names are slowly disappearing. | 0:07:06 | 0:07:09 | |
-A plethora of them have -never been officially documented. | 0:07:09 | 0:07:13 | |
-The next peninsula -we're approaching is a good example. | 0:07:13 | 0:07:17 | |
-Halfway between Dulas and Amlwch... | 0:07:18 | 0:07:22 | |
-..are the most dangerous -of Anglesey's headlands. | 0:07:22 | 0:07:26 | |
-This is Lynas Point. | 0:07:26 | 0:07:30 | |
-The sea can be very turbulent -around the peninsula. | 0:07:30 | 0:07:34 | |
-A lighthouse of some sort -has stood here since 1779. | 0:07:34 | 0:07:38 | |
-A strong tide surrounds Lynas Point. | 0:07:48 | 0:07:51 | |
-This is the location -of two important rocks for sailors. | 0:07:51 | 0:07:55 | |
-Cyllell Lanw and Cyllell Drai. | 0:07:55 | 0:07:57 | |
-The current encircles Anglesey like -clockwork when the tide comes in. | 0:07:57 | 0:08:02 | |
-That's when the tide -hits Cyllell Lanw. | 0:08:02 | 0:08:06 | |
-When the tide goes out in the other -direction, it hits Cyllell Drai. | 0:08:06 | 0:08:11 | |
-But it's not only the names -found on maps and charts that exist. | 0:08:24 | 0:08:29 | |
-Names have been coined -by local people. | 0:08:29 | 0:08:32 | |
-By speaking to the residents -of Llaneilian, I was surprised... | 0:08:32 | 0:08:36 | |
-..by the wealth -and number of names available. | 0:08:37 | 0:08:40 | |
-When I speak to people, -I record every conversation... | 0:08:54 | 0:08:58 | |
-..so that I have an aural record -of each name to avoid any mistakes. | 0:08:58 | 0:09:03 | |
-People have been kind enough -to let me borrow personal maps... | 0:09:03 | 0:09:07 | |
-..that they've drawn themselves -of their locality... | 0:09:07 | 0:09:11 | |
-..with the names -of beaches, headlands and rocks. | 0:09:11 | 0:09:15 | |
-I'm trying to collate -all that information. | 0:09:15 | 0:09:18 | |
-In some places, there are -so many word-of-mouth names... | 0:09:18 | 0:09:23 | |
-..I've had to draw my own map. | 0:09:23 | 0:09:25 | |
-On this map of Porth Eilian, only -two miles of coastline exists... | 0:09:25 | 0:09:31 | |
-..but there are more -than 40 names on the chart. | 0:09:31 | 0:09:35 | |
-This map is a collection -of names found on maps... | 0:09:37 | 0:09:41 | |
-..as well as names given to me -by Rolant Williams... | 0:09:41 | 0:09:44 | |
-..who's lived here all his life. | 0:09:44 | 0:09:46 | |
-Through plotting these names -on a map... | 0:09:47 | 0:09:50 | |
-..it's possible to see -how many of them there are. | 0:09:50 | 0:09:53 | |
-Many of them have -never been officially documented. | 0:09:54 | 0:09:57 | |
-Bedwyr Lewis Jones is known -for his interest in place names. | 0:10:06 | 0:10:10 | |
-I came across something by him... | 0:10:11 | 0:10:13 | |
-..in a book about the Anglesey -National Eisteddfod in 1983. | 0:10:13 | 0:10:17 | |
-This is what he has to say -about place names. | 0:10:17 | 0:10:20 | |
-There's no better way -of expressing it. | 0:10:21 | 0:10:23 | |
-"Once the stability -has been ruined... | 0:10:23 | 0:10:26 | |
-"..their usage declines. | 0:10:26 | 0:10:28 | |
-"New, foreign names replace them... | 0:10:28 | 0:10:31 | |
-"..along with charts for sailors -and guidebooks for climbers. | 0:10:31 | 0:10:35 | |
-"The old names are lost forever. | 0:10:35 | 0:10:38 | |
-"By losing them, we lose our grip -on our native territory. | 0:10:38 | 0:10:42 | |
-"We also lose important evidence -about our old way of life. | 0:10:42 | 0:10:46 | |
-"We'll become strangers -in our own land." | 0:10:46 | 0:10:49 | |
-. | 0:10:52 | 0:10:53 | |
-Subtitles | 0:10:56 | 0:10:56 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:10:56 | 0:10:58 | |
-Our search for the derivation -of Anglesey's place names continues. | 0:11:15 | 0:11:20 | |
-We head towards Amlwch, -past Safn Ci... | 0:11:20 | 0:11:23 | |
-..a name referring to the shape -of a dog with an open mouth. | 0:11:23 | 0:11:29 | |
-Further on, we pass by a portion -of headland known as Llam Carw. | 0:11:32 | 0:11:37 | |
-I've tried in vain -to find an explanation... | 0:11:38 | 0:11:41 | |
-..for the name, Llam Carw... | 0:11:42 | 0:11:44 | |
-..but I came across an article... | 0:11:44 | 0:11:46 | |
-..in a community paper -called Yr Arwydd... | 0:11:47 | 0:11:50 | |
-..from September 1989. | 0:11:50 | 0:11:53 | |
-The article mentions Anglesey's -annual deer hunt which took place... | 0:11:54 | 0:11:58 | |
-..from 1850 onwards. | 0:11:58 | 0:12:00 | |
-It refers to a deer -with a very unusual name. Majuba. | 0:12:01 | 0:12:05 | |
-It was driven out of Rhos Goch, -which is seven miles away. | 0:12:06 | 0:12:09 | |
-Hearsay suggests Majuba ran all -the way from Rhos Goch to here... | 0:12:10 | 0:12:14 | |
-..jumped into the sea -and swam to Amlwch... | 0:12:15 | 0:12:18 | |
-..to try and escape. | 0:12:18 | 0:12:20 | |
-The name, Llam Carw, might be -associated with the deer hunt... | 0:12:20 | 0:12:24 | |
-..but it doesn't -specifically refer to this deer. | 0:12:24 | 0:12:29 | |
-Majuba fled in 1903... | 0:12:29 | 0:12:33 | |
-..but the name is included -on the Ordnance Survey map of 1830. | 0:12:33 | 0:12:39 | |
-Beneath the peninsula -is this cave called Ogo Llam Carw. | 0:12:50 | 0:12:54 | |
-Traces of copper -can be seen clearly... | 0:13:00 | 0:13:03 | |
-..in the grooves of these rocks. | 0:13:03 | 0:13:06 | |
-This mineral -transformed Amlwch's history... | 0:13:07 | 0:13:10 | |
-..from the 18th century onwards. | 0:13:10 | 0:13:13 | |
-When Lewis Morris -was compiling charts in the 1740s... | 0:13:17 | 0:13:21 | |
-..he deemed Amlwch -too insignificant to map in detail. | 0:13:21 | 0:13:25 | |
-20 years later, copper was -rediscovered in Parys mountain... | 0:13:25 | 0:13:30 | |
-..and Amlwch was transformed. | 0:13:30 | 0:13:32 | |
-In its heyday, Amlwch port served -the world's largest copper mines. | 0:13:36 | 0:13:41 | |
-Amlwch grew -from being a fishing port... | 0:13:41 | 0:13:44 | |
-..to a boat-building centre. | 0:13:44 | 0:13:46 | |
-Countless industries flourished -as a result and the population grew. | 0:13:47 | 0:13:52 | |
-People came from far and wide. | 0:13:52 | 0:13:54 | |
-Amlwch harbour is quieter nowadays. | 0:13:54 | 0:13:56 | |
-Numerous fishing boats -and pleasure boats are moored here. | 0:13:57 | 0:14:01 | |
-The names of some of the coves... | 0:14:01 | 0:14:04 | |
-..allude to a very different past. | 0:14:04 | 0:14:07 | |
-Peter Williams has lived -and fished here all his life. | 0:14:08 | 0:14:11 | |
-He's one of the last to know how -to make a traditional lobster cage. | 0:14:12 | 0:14:16 | |
-I met him in the hope of collecting -more original place names. | 0:14:16 | 0:14:21 | |
-I'd like to take a detailed look -at this part of the coast. | 0:14:21 | 0:14:26 | |
-We called it Ynys Meri Jac -but I don't know who she was. | 0:14:26 | 0:14:30 | |
-Was she a fisherman's lover? | 0:14:30 | 0:14:31 | |
-Was she a fisherman's lover? - -She might well have been! | 0:14:31 | 0:14:33 | |
-Who knows what went on there! | 0:14:33 | 0:14:35 | |
-Fishermen used to fish -from the shore... | 0:14:36 | 0:14:40 | |
-..so it provided a great location. | 0:14:40 | 0:14:42 | |
-Who would have used this name? | 0:14:42 | 0:14:44 | |
-Who would have used this name? - -It's still used. | 0:14:44 | 0:14:46 | |
-We used to call that one -Ynys Joe Woodreef. | 0:14:46 | 0:14:49 | |
-Joe Woodreef -had gone crab fishing one day... | 0:14:50 | 0:14:54 | |
-..and put his hand into a hole -and the crab clung onto it. | 0:14:54 | 0:14:58 | |
-He apparently said, -"Come on, crab, let me go... | 0:14:58 | 0:15:02 | |
-"..or we'll both drown here." | 0:15:02 | 0:15:04 | |
-The tide was coming in, -so the story goes. | 0:15:04 | 0:15:07 | |
-We come across Porth Llechrog -in that direction. | 0:15:08 | 0:15:11 | |
-And there's Dakota Island. | 0:15:11 | 0:15:13 | |
-The Dakota was the fastest ship -in the world at the time. | 0:15:14 | 0:15:18 | |
-She was the Blue Ribband -of the Atlantic at one time. | 0:15:18 | 0:15:21 | |
-But she didn't last very long. -She was a voodoo ship. | 0:15:22 | 0:15:25 | |
-Something would -regularly break or blow up. | 0:15:25 | 0:15:30 | |
-They never made -much money out of her. | 0:15:30 | 0:15:32 | |
-She was out at sea in thick fog. | 0:15:33 | 0:15:36 | |
-It was the wrong time -for her helm to break. | 0:15:37 | 0:15:43 | |
-She missed the island of Amlwch... | 0:15:43 | 0:15:46 | |
-..and headed to that island which -is named Dakota Island after her. | 0:15:46 | 0:15:52 | |
-Was the rock -called something else beforehand? | 0:15:52 | 0:15:55 | |
-I think it was called Ynys Costog. | 0:15:55 | 0:15:59 | |
-As you veer towards Amlwch... | 0:15:59 | 0:16:01 | |
-..were there names -for all these different parts here? | 0:16:02 | 0:16:06 | |
-Or were they unnamed? | 0:16:07 | 0:16:08 | |
-Trwyn Penwaig isn't there any more. | 0:16:09 | 0:16:12 | |
-The break has been built -on top of it. | 0:16:12 | 0:16:15 | |
-It was popular for herring fishing. | 0:16:15 | 0:16:17 | |
-It was popular for herring fishing. - -The fishing boats... | 0:16:17 | 0:16:19 | |
-..would gather the nets. | 0:16:19 | 0:16:21 | |
-The tide -helped them bring the fish ashore... | 0:16:22 | 0:16:25 | |
-..so that they could be salted -and packaged before they rotted. | 0:16:26 | 0:16:31 | |
-So when the tide's out, -you can reach here? | 0:16:31 | 0:16:34 | |
-Yes, that's where the name, -Trwyn Penwaig, is derived from. | 0:16:34 | 0:16:38 | |
-My father told me the boats -were laden with so much herring... | 0:16:39 | 0:16:42 | |
-..they had to tread carefully -to avoid capsizing the boat. | 0:16:43 | 0:16:47 | |
-There were large mounds of herring -on board these boats. | 0:16:47 | 0:16:52 | |
-The men smelt of fish -for a fortnight afterwards! | 0:16:52 | 0:16:55 | |
-My grandmother -used to complain about that. | 0:16:55 | 0:16:58 | |
-I've collected -a number of names from Peter. | 0:17:03 | 0:17:06 | |
-Some refer to people, -others to industry... | 0:17:06 | 0:17:09 | |
-..and an intrepid adventure. | 0:17:10 | 0:17:12 | |
-This is the dock -where ships were repaired. | 0:17:12 | 0:17:16 | |
-The dock was built in a crevice -called Porth Cwch Y Brenin. | 0:17:16 | 0:17:20 | |
-Aled Eames, -the maritime historian... | 0:17:20 | 0:17:23 | |
-..suggests the authorities' ship -was moored here to combat smuggling. | 0:17:23 | 0:17:28 | |
-Smuggling was rife in the area -at the end of the 17th century. | 0:17:28 | 0:17:33 | |
-The battle between the smugglers -and the state was fierce... | 0:17:33 | 0:17:37 | |
-..and the battlefield -was the open sea. | 0:17:37 | 0:17:40 | |
-There's a lot of romance -associated with smuggling... | 0:17:49 | 0:17:53 | |
-..in folklore and fiction. | 0:17:53 | 0:17:55 | |
-People's interest in smuggling... | 0:17:55 | 0:17:58 | |
-..are reflected in these -cigarette cards from the 1930s. | 0:17:58 | 0:18:02 | |
-There were 50 of them to collect... | 0:18:02 | 0:18:05 | |
-..but the two which are of interest -to us are The Surprise... | 0:18:05 | 0:18:10 | |
-..showing the small boat -belonging to the Revenue... | 0:18:10 | 0:18:13 | |
-..which was used to chase smugglers -around coves and inlets. | 0:18:13 | 0:18:18 | |
-And then there's this, -the Revenue Cutter... | 0:18:18 | 0:18:21 | |
-..which was a much larger ship -at sea. | 0:18:21 | 0:18:24 | |
-From looking -at Porth Cwch Y Brenin... | 0:18:25 | 0:18:28 | |
-..it's much wider now -than it would've been years ago. | 0:18:28 | 0:18:32 | |
-I assume the smaller boat -would've been moored here... | 0:18:32 | 0:18:36 | |
-..and the Revenue's larger, -armed-and-dangerous boat... | 0:18:36 | 0:18:41 | |
-..would be out on the open sea. | 0:18:42 | 0:18:44 | |
-I'm on board the Olga... | 0:18:51 | 0:18:53 | |
-..to meet someone -with an avid interest in smuggling. | 0:18:54 | 0:18:57 | |
-He also looks the part. Twm Elias. | 0:18:58 | 0:19:01 | |
-If the Revenue had to acquire -large vessels like this... | 0:19:01 | 0:19:05 | |
-..smuggling must've been -a huge problem long ago. | 0:19:05 | 0:19:09 | |
-It certainly was for the Crown. | 0:19:09 | 0:19:12 | |
-A quarter of the Crown's -possible revenue from tolls... | 0:19:12 | 0:19:15 | |
-..was lost due to smuggling. | 0:19:15 | 0:19:18 | |
-What steps did they take? -We know they acquired bigger ships. | 0:19:18 | 0:19:23 | |
-There were Coast Guards on land -keeping watch on shore... | 0:19:23 | 0:19:26 | |
-..and the Revenue's cutters -patrolled the waters... | 0:19:27 | 0:19:30 | |
-..and different ports. | 0:19:31 | 0:19:33 | |
-They were independent bodies that -were commissioned and licensed... | 0:19:33 | 0:19:38 | |
-..to chase smugglers. | 0:19:38 | 0:19:40 | |
-They were entitled to half the cargo -and the selling price of the boats. | 0:19:40 | 0:19:44 | |
-The Crown -claimed half the cargo value... | 0:19:45 | 0:19:48 | |
-..and half -the selling price of the boat. | 0:19:48 | 0:19:51 | |
-The company that owned the cutter -would get a percentage... | 0:19:51 | 0:19:55 | |
-..but it was the Crown -that claimed the highest percentage. | 0:19:56 | 0:20:00 | |
-The term "a king's share" -comes from the smugglers' age. | 0:20:00 | 0:20:04 | |
-What led to this situation? | 0:20:04 | 0:20:06 | |
-Considering smuggling was rife... | 0:20:06 | 0:20:10 | |
-..and a quarter of -the Crown's revenue was lost... | 0:20:10 | 0:20:13 | |
-..what prompted the smuggling trade? | 0:20:14 | 0:20:16 | |
-Back then, there was -no such thing as income tax... | 0:20:17 | 0:20:20 | |
-..so the Crown levied tolls -on all kinds of things. | 0:20:20 | 0:20:25 | |
-Because goods were heavily taxed... | 0:20:25 | 0:20:30 | |
-..people wanted things cheaper. | 0:20:30 | 0:20:32 | |
-Everyone loves a bargain! | 0:20:33 | 0:20:35 | |
-The nobility still wanted -their brandies, tobacco... | 0:20:35 | 0:20:41 | |
-..tea and silks... | 0:20:41 | 0:20:43 | |
-..while ordinary folk wanted salt. | 0:20:43 | 0:20:46 | |
-A very heavy toll -was levied on salt. | 0:20:46 | 0:20:51 | |
-Before the advent of refrigerators -like we have today... | 0:20:51 | 0:20:56 | |
-.it was the only way to preserve -bacon throughout winter... | 0:20:57 | 0:21:01 | |
-..salting herring on the coast -and butter throughout winter. | 0:21:01 | 0:21:06 | |
-Salt was essential. | 0:21:06 | 0:21:09 | |
-It was available in Ireland for -a penny a pound in the 18th century. | 0:21:09 | 0:21:14 | |
-It was four pence a pound here -in Wales because of the toll. | 0:21:14 | 0:21:18 | |
-So the men would sail to Ireland, -buy the salt for a penny a pound... | 0:21:18 | 0:21:23 | |
-..sail back with it illegally... | 0:21:23 | 0:21:27 | |
-..and then sell it for two pence -a pound, making 100% profit. | 0:21:27 | 0:21:31 | |
-It was still -half its original price. | 0:21:31 | 0:21:33 | |
-The ordinary folk wanted salt -and the nobility wanted spirits. | 0:21:34 | 0:21:39 | |
-So the entire community -was going to benefit locally. | 0:21:39 | 0:21:44 | |
-Is all this smuggling history and -names like Porth Cwch Y Brenin.... | 0:21:44 | 0:21:49 | |
-..part of our heritage -that has been ignored? | 0:21:49 | 0:21:52 | |
-Most certainly. | 0:21:52 | 0:21:54 | |
-Smuggling -is part of Cornwall's heritage. | 0:21:55 | 0:21:58 | |
-They have exhibitions -and museums dedicated to it. | 0:21:58 | 0:22:02 | |
-The history generates a great deal -of revenue from tourism. | 0:22:02 | 0:22:07 | |
-But here in Wales... | 0:22:07 | 0:22:09 | |
-..only a few articles -and a couple of books... | 0:22:09 | 0:22:14 | |
-..have been published -on the subject. | 0:22:14 | 0:22:17 | |
-I think historians in Wales... | 0:22:17 | 0:22:19 | |
-..have been -far too respectable in their field. | 0:22:19 | 0:22:23 | |
-They've ignored the fact that there -were criminals in our history... | 0:22:23 | 0:22:28 | |
-..though they -were fighting for social justice. | 0:22:28 | 0:22:32 | |
-It's remarkable how many place names -along the coast... | 0:22:35 | 0:22:39 | |
-..derive from historical events. | 0:22:39 | 0:22:42 | |
-By allowing the name, -Porth Cwch Y Brenin, to disappear... | 0:22:42 | 0:22:46 | |
-..we lose our understanding... | 0:22:46 | 0:22:48 | |
-..of the connection between Amlwch -and the golden era of smuggling. | 0:22:48 | 0:22:52 | |
-If these names are lost... | 0:22:52 | 0:22:54 | |
-..there's a real risk -of us losing sight... | 0:22:55 | 0:22:58 | |
-..of where -we've come from as a nation. | 0:22:58 | 0:23:01 | |
-If we want to keep them, we must -document them, retain them... | 0:23:01 | 0:23:05 | |
-..share them, -and more importantly... | 0:23:05 | 0:23:08 | |
-..we must hand them over -to the next generation. | 0:23:08 | 0:23:13 | |
-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf. | 0:23:28 | 0:23:30 | |
-. | 0:23:30 | 0:23:31 |