19/03/2016 Click

this win and trials would mean five wins out of five. I will be back at

the top of the hour with a full bulletin for you. Now though, time

for Click. This week, the biometric tech

helping Syrian refugees in Jordan. And we will watch the fastest data

in the world and the fastest data This week marks the fifth year

since the conflict in Syria began. Since then, the region has seen

a mass movement of people as an estimated 4 million refugees

have fled into neighbouring countries including Lebanon,

Turkey and Jordan. Distributing aid and processing

papers for the refugees It means that many people can wait

at the border for a long time before But for refugees entering Jordan,

new ways of using biometric technology to identify people

could make for quicker processing times and even easy access

to aid through banks. And there is plenty of other

inventive tech ideas to improve daily life coming

from the refugees themselves. We have been to Jordan's capital

Amman and the Zaatari camp We are on the road to Zaatari,

the largest refugee camp in Jordan. Only a few miles from Syria,

many people have come here from Daraa, often called

the cradle of revolution for its early role in antigovernment

protests. The camp was formed four years ago

when people fled the war Now over 80,000 people

are estimated to live here. Despite facing incredible hardship,

there is an atmosphere of resilience and entrepreneurial

spirit which gives it In the camp, many refugees

are working and there Once an empty desert,

thousands of shops and homes almost The main street is called

Sham D'Elysees, which is a play on two things, the word the Syrians

refer to Damascus by, You can find everything from bridal

dresses, to vegetable shops and barbershops,

and even quite a few One of the shop is run by Mohammed

who showed me one of the most Do have one with a bigger

compartment? I haven't seen these tablets before,

they have games for kids from China. And if you break your phone,

you are in good hands here. There are several workshops open

in the evening in many spare parts for sale including the Samsung

batteries for just a few dollars We also watched a report he had been

featured in talking about how he stays in touch with his family

in Syria through WhatsApp. Not many people here have laptops

he says, but everyone can afford Keeping in touch with family back

home is critical for those whose lives have been torn

apart by the conflict. The majority of Syrian refugees

in Jordan live in the capital where at least 600,000

are registered with the UNHCR. This is the waiting

area for refugees. This is where they wait

to process their cases, whether it is a interviews to renew

asylum certificates or to follow up on their cases on an individual

basis, whether it is for cash assistance, health assistance

or legal assistance. Whatever they may need,

we have it here. We have around 3000-4000 individuals

per day and this is why the registration centre

is the largest in the Middle East. We process their cases on a daily

basis, whether it is for registration for other units

or even resettlement interviews. The problem of registering so many

new people has led to a solution All refugees who enter Jordan

have their irises scanned to confirm their identities

and are given an identification card The process is two steps,

with initial enrollment Today we meet a family

from Homs who are renewing The iris scan is considered the most

secure form of biometrics as fingerprints can change over

time, especially for young children. Along with ID cards,

the data is shared with local partners to try to make

life a bit more normal. Bank accounts are automatically

created with the Cairo Amman bank where aid money can be taken out

in the blink of an eye. There is no need to register

information again with the bank, as it comes through the UNHCR

secure iCloud server based The data is shared

between four countries, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq,

to ensure you aren't registered There is some information that

would be shared with the government, actually for their service

and for our service actually because the Jordanian authority

needs to know the numbers. But other information,

this will be 100% secret He might tell me that he was

tortured in his country. The general information,

we will tell him that this might be shared with the government,

and actually they agree. Back in Zaatari technology

is being used in inventive ways The camp is a community of makers

and one of the most innovative Three years ago, he fled

the violence in Syria They all have disabilities

and struggle to get around He wanted to have more independence

and designed electric bike around Giving refugees access to technology

and education is the focus One of its startups, 3DMeena,

is focused on fabrication A Syrian refugee volunteer named

Assam, became so efficient with the machines here

that he became the company's Technical Director, even teaching

members of the Jordanian Royal rehab He was an ambulance driver

in Syria and lost his leg As well as customising

his own prosthetics, he helped a young Yemeni boy named

Zayn, who lost part of his hand They were able to include elements

of Zayn's favourite cartoon character in the design,

all for just 75 US dollars. Assam also helped develop a 3D

printed system using feedback for another Syrian refugee named

Ahmed who was blinded by a sniper The echolocation system helps

guide him to walk around unaided. There are 1.5 million

Syrian refugees in Jordan and that is almost 20%

of the population. So we need to find the best way

to engage with them. As we can't just keep

ignoring the problem, it is opportunity for us to find

an economy in Jordan where we don't This is a change for us more

than a burden. The company plans to open

fabrication labs in a refugee camp in Turkey and in a northern

Jordanian city. It is a small but positive step

to harness the talents of people forced into exile and help them to

integrate to a new country country. Hello and welcome

to the Week in Tech. It was the week that Google's

artificial intelligence, Alpha Go, emerged victorious

over human opposition. The machine beat one of the world's

best Go players to scoop ?700,000. It leaves us humans very

afraid for our future. A world dominated by

machines edged ever closer as Chancellor George Osborne

officially announced that driverless lorries and cars will be trialed

on UK roads over the next Osborne also announced tax

allowances for for entrepreneurs and those renting properties

through online companies like Air It was also the week that Sony

announced its PlayStation VR will go on sale in October and pigeons took

to the skies of London equipped with mini backpacks that measure

levels of nitrogen dioxide And if you ever need your car towed,

then once again, robots may These tiny bots weigh less than 100

g and are the product of researchers Working together in teams,

they are able to pull objects Stanford has also been developing

the next generation of drone. One that is decidedly

insectlike and can fly, Yes, there really is no

end to robotic talent. Now it is time to catch

up with Dave Lee. That is not him, although he does

look a bit like that sometimes. He has been in Austin,

Texas on the hunt for the next big hit in the world of

apps and social media. Welcome to Austin and to South

by Southwest, something of a pilgrimage for all the big

names in new apps and startups. By the end of this week,

everyone who travels here hopes The South by Southwest Interactive

Festival is into its 23rd year. It prides itself on being a breeding

ground for success. One thing that is great

about it is word-of-mouth. Everyone is looking for the next big

thing and everyone takes it back to their individual communities

and help it to catch on. Word-of-mouth means big things have

come out of this show. There was Twitter in 2007,

Foursquare was a big hit in 2009 and last year everyone was talking

about live streaming apps like Meerkat,

although the success We find that things that catch

on too quickly tend to die out, people see them as a flash

in the pan and they're not ready for the success, they don't

have the infrastructure built in. So if you come to South

by Southwest as a startup, you need to do certain things

to stand out from all the others, like bringing along

this little fellow. A puppy powered networking event

is always going to make you a lot of friends, but who really stood out

at this year's show? Nothing is really out there,

there are some successes, but no breakout successes

like last year. There has been Twitter,

Foursquare, Meerkat and there are some interesting apps,

like one that you can record a thought in audio and have other

people reply with their thoughts It was debuted early before South

by Southwest and they have been I can't believe this

is a real company. Another big trend is for apps that

get other people to do the kind of jobs that you can't

be bothered to do. Favour is another similar app

which promises to deliver anything Once you have placed the order,

it is connected to the closest runner who will either bike or drive

to where you placed your order and will get you everything

from food, groceries or something like a phone charger

or a computer from Apple. There may not be a breakout hit

for 2016 but South by Southwest Just look at this guy plugging some

social network called The reason I'm here is really

to recruit all of you. It wasn't a bad pitch,

but something tells me he is going to be out of a job

in just a few months. Hoodies with headphones,

insoles that alert you if a loved one takes a fall, and a jacket that

can change colour with a tap The wearable tech show

in London had it all, including some new kit

from the bigger players. Here is one for the golfers,

which isn't me. The TomTom Golfer watch can

automatically detect that you have taken a shot, and after the game

offers some funky postgame analysis. The watch syncs with a smartphone

that can tell you where you went Measuring distances and warning

of hazards while playing, it joins the growing line-up of GPS

golf watches on the market, For anyone who is being a bit smug

about how well their activity tracker says they are doing,

this will really put them This is not about what you do,

it is about how much effort This has been available

in gyms for several years, but now the app and dedicated

heart rate tracker are Whatever kind of exercise

you are doing, it looks at your personal heart rate data

to come up with a percentage of how Another idea that has been taken out

of the exercise studio, performance enhancing sportswear

that has electro-muscle stimulation That means the suit will be

using electric impulses to get The programmable options mean

you can simply increase the intensity of your workout

or even engage extra muscles, like your core and upper

body while out running. It comes at a pretty high price,

not that I actually got a chance It is not just about fitness

here at the show, there are also Any parent will be able to tell

you that taking the temperature of a child under two

is particularly challenging, Every three seconds it will take

a recording of the child's temperature, and then transfer that

data to a smartphone app. The waterproof device can be

attached under the arm with a sticker, or tucked under

the waistband of a nappy. High fever alerts can also be set

up, as long as the phone While some of the ideas may appear

more likely to take off than others, this could be a taste of what we can

expect from wearables in the future. It might not look it,

but it is a world record. This is the fastest data

transfer in history. Researchers here at University

College London are sending information through optic

fibre at speeds of 1.125 It is also 50,000 times faster

than the average UK home broadband connection, and still much faster

than the fat internet connections And it is this internet

backbone that this research As with all experiments,

this looks very experimental, It is sending data over 3000

kilometres of optic fibre. It's actually sending it

through 100km of fibre 30 times. Then it comes to the

receiver over here. There it is, the data coming

in at one terabit per second. This is a clever mix of digital

signal processing to filter out the noise, and physics,

which attempts to use every part of the light to maximise

the data rate. In order to increase the data rate,

we are typically instead of using one colour light

we are using a number of colour lights and combining them into one

big what we call a super channel. Then, we increase the amount

of information we can send on each By using these cunning techniques,

the team here say upgrading the internet won't take

a lot of digging. You can use the same optic fibre

cables and just change But will we ever really need

all that extra speed? Well, history would

suggest, yes we would. To be able to send much greater

volumes of data at much higher speeds over existing fibres,

all the devices constantly sending data - your televisions,

computers, cameras, Terabits to hundreds

of terabits of data, the minimum necessary to transmit

all the data we are currently If you are not excited by this

kind of high speed data, first of all, what

is wrong with you? Secondly, maybe I can tempt

you with a different kind of high-speed data, the type that

comes out Formula One car as it LJ Rich has been given exclusive

access to one Formula One It is not everyday you to visit

the Williams Formula One team private museum and nose around

the old cars with Felipe Massa. He is pointing out his favourite,

that of previous world champion There are just a few buttons

in here, get up and gear down, Gear up and tear down or maybe

radio, or something else. The only thing is our car now

is a lot more safe compared Some of these cars are only about 20

years old, and that is ancient This is the steering

wheel from 1983. This is from 92, which is actually

pretty nice compared to this one. As a Londoner I am wondering

where the horn is! It is not just the wheels that help

it go round the track. The Williams team have about 500

sensors on each car and around 1000 That works out at around 60-80

gigabytes of data generated That is tons of telemetry,

a huge amount of information. The systems these days are so good

that we can see that car across the entire lap

of every circuit we go to. When it comes past the pit we get

a burst of data from it to get While the race is going,

real-time data goes back for analysis, but when the track

is thousands of miles from the engineers, even a fraction

of a second of extra speed In the cut and thrust of the race,

it is very difficult if you know your contribution

is going to be slightly delayed into a conversation,

so that latency piece has been almost as important as the cost

of being able to transfer data. Once, the only person getting

the car around the track Trackside teams chime in over

the radio, plus a roomful On the weekends this place is full

of backseat drivers. Each station is for analysing

different aspects. In car systems, this one

is the engine behaviour and these There is aerodynamics,

which can be used for more than just keeping the car stable,

they can also direct airflow For example, to cool tyres

to the optimum temperature. Effectively, these people

try to predict the future You could spot that the gearbox oil

pressure is dropping low, which means we have to get that

information to the driver, they can start changing

so that the gearbox will make it If modern F1 cars are this advanced,

with diagnostics on board, low latency communication,

and self driving cars are being, surely a robot can press some

buttons and go around the track. I asked Felipe Massa

if we even need drivers. You are still a driver,

you are still in a racing team. Sometimes before things happen

the driver is making a difference. Because you have everything

electronic around, when you have a competitive car,

when you have a good car, to fight for victory,

the driver is the one More throughout the week on Twitter,

we will see you soon. Hello. It is a reasonable weekend if

you are enjoying some sunshine, but