01/11/2011 GMT with George Alagiah

Market tumble as the Greek referendum plan throws the eurozone

deal into jeopardy. Anger as George Papandreou takes a fellow leaders

by surprise. Now the euro dealers at the hands of an angry group

Welcome to the programme, with the world of news and opinion. Also,

the trial of two Pakistani international cricketers, Salman

Butt and Mohammed Asif, found guilty of conspiring to spot fixate

Test match. The rise and rise of China's space programme. The latest

launch puts it a step closer to its It is lunchtime in London, 8:30pm

Ind Hong Kong and early afternoon in Athens, where the Greek Prime

Minister has been variously described as irresponsible and an

opportunist. It follows George Papandreou's surprise decision to

put last week's euro bail-out deal to a referendum. That has sent the

markets tumbling. There is no real prospect that the bail-out package

and the credibility of the European project as a whole depends on an

angry Greek public. Less than a week ago it was Summit smiles all

round. European leaders, Chancellor Merkel at the centre, had reached

an agreement. There was a plan and everybody would stick to it. Now

Greek commitment depends on a referendum.

TRANSLATION: The referendum on the crucial national question is the

foundation on which to build principles and rules of the new

period, which is now beginning for a strong Greece. Whether citizens

feel that with his Ode he shapes it, we trust the citizens. Stock

markets in Europe took a dive when traders realised when what they

thought was a done deal is now back in doubt. For me it is a done deal

that the Greek guise will say no. It's good news because the Greek

guise cannot stay in the eurozone, they have to go out. Otherwise I

see an end of the eurozone itself. Here at the Bundestag, you detect a

note of surprise in the German government reaction. They say it is

a matter for Greek domestic politics, but they then say that

they do expect Greek obligations to be met. Germany's economics

minister until recently said it sounded like Greece was trying to

wriggle out of the deal. He said, one can only do one thing. Make the

preparations for the eventuality that there is a state insolvency in

Greece, and if it doesn't fulfil the agreements then the money is

turned off. There was widespread puzzlement in Germany at the

decision to hold a referendum in Greece.

TRANSLATION: Those who are not responsible for this crisis are

hardest hit. For many people, a return to their own currency could

be a better solution. And even increase there was also surprise at

the decision to hold a referendum. TRANSLATION: They are calling for a

referendum after everything has been decided. Why are they doing

this? So they can shed their responsibilities and someone else

can take them on? I don't think this is right. Leaders of the

world's 20 most powerful nations gather at the end of the week in

France amid the tightest security. They will have more to worry about

now that the future of the deal meant to keep the world economy on

track depends on the votes of the Could a first day in the job be

more complicated? Mario Draghi is taking up at this the head of

European central bank with a mountain of problems in his in-tray,

as Europe that -- grapples with the debt crisis. It's been a matter of

days since European leaders came up with a planned they thought could

help save the euro. But now all, as we've heard, Greece's Prime

Minister has thrown back into doubt by announcing his country will hold

a referendum on a new package of austerity measures. And opposition

parties are calling for an early election. Pressure has also been

growing on the Italian Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi, to cut

government spending. Italy's debts are around 120 % of GDP, among the

highest in the eurozone. And markets have begun to worry about

the country's ability to pay them back. On the streets of Italy today

there is a sense of unease. The country's economy is barely growing.

In this school to workshop, sales are down. The owner wants the

government to step in to boost growth.

TRANSLATION: Up to now government subsidies worked well. We had a

good contribution from the state, you could get up to a third off.

That helped us sell more scooters. They are hard at work in Milan's

kitchens, but business is half what it was this time last year. Even

the middle classes are worried. Milan has always been the economic

capital. It has always been like that. Milan has always been able to

stand up to all of the crisis. Now we have a feeling that it has more

difficulties than ever. Many pin their hopes on China. These newly

weds were in Milan, grabbing a slice of la dolce eater. But even

Chinese interest might not be enough to boost growth and relieve

the debt burden. You can't see the debt crisis, you certainly can't

feel it here in the splendid, opulent heart of Milan. And yet

Italian government debt is among the highest in the eurozone. And

there are real fears outside this country that if Italy can't get its

economic problems in order, then the euro itself could be at risk.

Hence the pressure on Italy's Prime Minister. Silvio Berlusconi's weak

government is now part of the problem. He's trying to cut

government spending in education, for instance. That angers Stefano,

a teacher who is struggling to find full-time work. I think that the

cuts must be done in other sectors, like the payment of our politicians

which are the most highly in Europe. A cat in education is not the right

way of behaving. Cutting the future of the next generation. The social

tension is already showing. Europe's fourth-largest economy is

grinding to a halt. Without solid change here, the debt crisis will

Let's take a look at some of the other stories. In the last hour,

the former Pakistani cricket captain Salman Butt, and the fast

bowler Mohammed Asif, have been found guilty of spot fixing. The

charges relate to a plot to deliberately bowled no-balls at

pre-arranged times during a Test match at Lord's against England

last year. Let's get some reaction to this story and cross lied to the

Pakistani capital. -- cross live to the Pakistani capital. What has the

reaction been? It's been a huge story here. It is headline news in

Pakistan. What we've heard so far from people that we've spoken to, I

am actually just outside the headquarters of Pakistani cricket,

we've spoken to a few people and they've come up with the same

conspiracy theories that the heard last year. A lot of them feeling

that Pakistanis have been unfairly targeted. They are saying that

corruption is a part of the game worldwide. But when you press them

they recognise that ultimately there stars have been caught and

that there are huge problems in the game here. There is a sense of

denial, but people have been hugely embarrassed by this whole affair

over the last year. You said corruption in cricket, people

suspect it is much bigger than a Pakistani problem. It is there any

sense that this sort of Verdict, taking place in a London court, is

likely to do anything about that wider problem? Certainly here in

Pakistan there are hopes that now the Cricket Board are under new

stewardship, there is a new chair of the Cricket Board to started a

few days ago, will help to end the problems. The indication will come

from what he does in the coming days. During this trial, the names

of other Pakistani cricketers also came up. So how the board here

response to those allegations will beaky, as a signal as to whether

really Pakistan is going to take this problem seriously. As you

suggest, there are problems within the game as a whole in terms of

trying to monitor players, their assets, how they make their money,

and the ICC will be looking at that, too. To be clear for our viewers in

perhaps none cricketing nations, these two men, they would be big

heroes in a country like Pakistan. Absolutely. There is some sense

that cricket for Pakistanis is much bigger than for any other country.

It really does represent them on the world stage. It has been a

source of pride for Pakistanis in the past. But when these

allegations came up at the end of last summer, it was really

devastating. It had an impact. It's no exaggeration. It really had an

impact on the morale of people here. Absolutely these were heroes.

Rightly or wrongly, Pakistanis are looking at their other stars and

wondering about their credibility As I said, this was a court case in

London. Let's go to our correspondent at the courthouse.

We've slightly done this the wrong way round, I got the reaction in

Pakistan before coming to you. Just recap for us what has happened this

morning. Both players, Salman Butt and Mohammad Asif, are facing two

charges each. One of accepting corrupt payments. The other of

enabling other people to gamble of the back of you cheating, of you

not playing as well as you should be. That goes back to the

allegations of these three no-balls, which were bowled on purpose, at

the Test match between England and Pakistan last year. Giving a

payment of �150,000 and in return being told when those no-balls

would be bold. Salman Butt has been found guilty of both charges.

Mohammed Asik found guilty of the one charge, of cheating to enable

other people to gamble. The jury is deliberating on whether or not he

accepted any corrupt payment. There was no evidence given by the

prosecution of any money founder Mohammed Asif, which had been

corruptly obtained. Salman Butt, they found �2,500 of the

newspaper's money in his hotel room when the police went to the room.

We will wait to see what the jury decides on this fourth charge.

is a result of undercover reporting. In what sense does it represent a

tougher attitude from the cricketing authorities themselves?

To be honest, I think this is a trial which raises as many

questions as it answers. One, which you just pointed out, if there was

corruption taking place, and the jury has decided there was, why is

it a newspaper rather than the cricket authorities, who had their

own investigation into it, who have managed to uncover the corruption.

Secondly, if these two players have been behaving correctly, then who

else has been at it? A number of other players were mentioned in the

trial. What is the International Cricket Council going to do to

stamp that out? There are difficult The let's catch up on some other

news. The UN Security Council has expressed deep concern over the

fate of a massive weapons stockpile build up in Libya and a colonel

Gaddafi. It urged Libya and its neighbours to stop the

proliferation of looted arms, saying they could fall into the

hands of militants. Thai authorities are trying to stem

growing anger among a flood victims after water swamped new

neighbourhoods of the capital, Bangkok. The government is working

on a plan costing billions of dollars to prevent a repeat

disaster and secure investor confidence. The Chinese artist Ai

Weiwei, who was detained for nearly three months earlier this year, has

been ordered to pay the equivalent of $2.4 million in taxes and fines.

He said team - that he said he'd been given 15 days to pay and

feared he could face years in prison if he didn't comply. Still

to come... How fiction has turned to fact. Meet India's real Slumdog

Millionaire. He was so poor, he watched the show on a neighbour's

Let's get the business news. UK GDP growth, better than expected?

Absolute Lee better. We had third quarter GDP figures and it's

important to remind everyone that when we talk about gross domestic

product, we are talking about everything get country produces,

manufacture and sells, the total sum of that. So the third quarter

came out at 0.5 %, better than expected as we were expecting a 0.3,

but here is the problem, we cannot bring out the marching bands yet.

The reason being, you may remember the last GDP Rhian -- reading was

0.1, a dismal reading and many experts will tell you that the

British economy has a long and difficult journey ahead, a journey

made more difficult because of the global economic slowdown and in

particular the Eurozone problems. Here is the question, is today's

number just a blip? There is quite a lot of give back from the second

quarter, which disrupted the numbers because of the Royal

Wedding and the impact of the Japanese tsunami. Honestly, if we

take the underlying trend in the economy it is nothing to write home

about. It is not particularly strong and we have had some survey

data which suggests that the 4th quarter will be looking a lot worse.

On that bright note...! We cannot stress how important the Eurozone

crisis is. We were hoping to manufacture our way out and see

better growth but that is hampered because of Europe. Also the

cyberspace security conference going on, there are implications

for industry and economics there. It is a very interesting story. 60

Nations gathering in London and they are also trying to secure the

benefits of the internet, but it comes and it's the major concerns

about rising levels of cyber attacks and online attacks. Britain

being the host of the gathering wants to develop international

rules of the road, establishing normal behaviour rules, but there

is some tension behind the scenes because a number 10 adviser

publicly accused China and Russia, who were attending the summit of

cyber attacks. This is the Foreign Secretary, William Hague,

explaining this at the conference. A I hope this will create

acceptable norms of behaviour and bring together governments at a

senior level, much more than some of the other events people have

tried. Hillary Clinton has come to the conference and you don't get

much more senior than that in the US as well as people from the

private sector. That is all for the business for now, George. The thank

This is GMT from BBC World news. The headlines: Markets fall after

the Greek Prime Minister calls for a national referendum on the

eurozone bailout. The former Pakistani cricket captain, Salman

Butt, and the fast bowler, Mohammed Asif, have been found guilty of

corruption. China has successfully launched a spacecraft that will

attempt to dock with a capsule already orbiting the Earth. It

blasted off from a site in the Gobi desert in western China. The

docking manoeuvre is part of a programme that would see China

construct a space station within the next 10 years or so. We report

The spaceship lifted off on time, powered by a powerful rocket for a

rendezvous in space. The ship has been modified and adapted to link

up with a capsule already orbiting the Earth. That was sent into the

sky more than a month ago. Sometime over the next two days, it will

attempt to dock with the capsule. 350 kilometres up in the air. China

wants to build a space station within 10 years and needs to

perfect this docking manoeuvre to do so. If the mission is successful,

there will be two similar ones next year and at least one of those will

have astronauts on board. China might be playing catch-up in the

space race as it is only now doing things that Russia and the US did

years ago, but it is determined to push ahead quickly. All China's

Tofalides won the capsule was launched in September. -- top

leaders. An indication of how important it is for national pride.

The whole country will now be watching to see if the ship can

Dozens of civilians, including many children, have been killed or

injured in the last few weeks in the war in Libya by land mines

planted by the Gaddafi forces and then exploded musicians --

munitions left behind. It is a chapter in as a way that stretches

from Angola to Zimbabwe and Afghanistan to Vietnam. As of 20th

September 10, 66 states, as well a seven areas not internationally

recognised were confirmed or suspected to be affected by the

mines. In the previous year, mines were responsible for almost 4,000

casualties, the vast majority, 70 % in explosions were civilians. The

fight against landmines has always attracted celebrity support, and

today we can speak to the latest figure to join the cause,

footballing legend Sir Bobby Charlton joins me now from the City

of London where his charity is being launched. Sir Bobby, thank

you for being with us. What prompted you personally to get

involved in this campaign and with this issue? Well, a few years ago I

was invited to go to Vietnam and to Cambodia to see the mines and see

the way they were working and I had been in just before that to Europe

and seen a lot of signs in CERN sights, and I went to Sarajevo, and

I could not help being moved. It was so horrific that ordinary

civilians were caught up in this problem of land mines and were

losing arms and legs. It was just horrific. I came back and when I

was on the aeroplane I kept thinking to myself that they must

be a better way to do it than this when you are trying to clear

landmines. I got back, and when I asked a few friends, we got

together and they all came from the Manchester area and we had students

from Manchester University, Lancaster University, rapid scan

systems where everybody goes through the security in an airport

will know what they are. The mines Advisory Group which had already

been doing fantastic were. Sorry to interrupt you. As I hinted earlier,

others have had a go at this. What do you think you're charity will

bring that is new? What sort of gap is it trying to kill? -- trying to

feel? At our disposal we have a lot are options. When we found out

about these landmines we have to go to universities and professors and

people who actually know what they are doing and it has been a really

long process about three or four years since we first decided we

would go and try and do something about it. Lancashire University,

Manchester University, they were really receptive to the idea and I

have to say that this morning when I came here to the City of London

where we depend a lot on people who have helped us an enormous weight,

so we have got this reward that we have been looking forward --

looking for for such a long time. We were worried about what we were

doing, and today it has been proved that it has been a major success. I

know what other people throughout the world are doing. We have been

positive in our own way to get to being such an important part of

this. We have the technology and the development that is really,

really fantastic. Sir Bobby Charlton, I am really sorry to

interrupt, but we have run out of time. But we wish you luck with

that this latest endeavour. Thank you for being here. Thank you.

Medical experts in India say rising incomes and the country are leading

to expanding waistlines. Almost one in five Indian adults are now

overweight. Officials are being urged to slim down. Police officers

have been told to take regular exercise and some politicians are

resorting to weight-loss surgery. Fitting a gastric Band, shrinking

the stomach and the appetite. This operation's cost more than $12,000

and can take up to four hours, but this doctor says he is rarely

outside the surgery these days. Obesity is on the rise here. The

global policy group, the OECD, estimates that nearly one in five

people in India on a -- overweight. I believe India is paying a price

for its glowing -- growing affluence. We have the disease

affluence breeze -- brings, obesity, which is probably affecting the

upper income group the most, that strata of society. Politicians are

one sector of society taking up the procedures increasingly. State

level Minister -- estate of one minister is one that has been

operated on in the last two years and has lost more than 30 kilograms.

Whenever I went before the camera I felt so bulky. In the politician's

life, they don't sleep properly, they are not eating food at the

proper time. So at the ball keenness -- being bulky, they are

always putting on weight. Weight loss shops stock sliding Doors and

die in shakes, but they are a new phenomenon, a country where piling

on the pounds has not been seen as a major health concern to many, but

with growing obesity, officials are trying to address that.

As well as fighting crime, these police officers in Mumbai are

fighting the flab. They have been ordered to work out as part of

their daily routine. Gymnasiums have been installed in the City

police stations and anti-social working hours and fatty straight to

-- street food have been blamed for the bulging bellies. I didn't have

time to exercise before. I used to weigh 90 kilograms, but now I have

lost 10. It is not just police many in Mumbai. Earlier this year a

survey of offices in Kerala, half were too overweight to do the job

but with obesity predicted to rise across the country, getting them to

stay in shape will be a big exercise in itself.

Staying in India, the story made a multi- Oscar-winning movie and its

equally heart-warming news in real life. They poured government clerk

from East and India has become the first person ever to win one