Time for Cogs Nina and the Neurons

# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go

# Ask Nina for some help cos she's got a science show

# She makes sense of her senses while helping all her fans

# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs

-# Touch your tongue

-Tongue!

-# Fingers

-Fingers!

-# Eyes.

-Eyes!

-Ears.

-Ears!

-Nose!

-Nose!

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch

# Ollie sniffs out smells and Belle, she hears so much

# Bud is Ollie's brother, he helps us with our taste

# They're Nina's little neurons and they're coming to your place!

-# Touch your tongue

-Tongue!

-# Fingers

-Fingers!

-# Eyes.

-Eyes!

-Ears.

-Ears!

-Nose!

-Nose!

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Oh, yeah! #

Three, two, one... There!

Oh, hello.

I'm just boiling an egg left over from an experiment

and according to my egg timer, it should be ready now.

Oh! There. One perfectly cooked egg.

BEEPING

Oh! I hear a beep, I see a flash.

I wonder what they're going to ask.

ALL: 'Hi, Nina!'

-Hi, guys!

-'We've got a question. How does a clock work?'

That's a great question. How does a clock work?

A clock is an amazing invention.

Without it, we wouldn't know what time it was.

We might have dinner at lunchtime or go to bed in the afternoon.

-Come to the workshop and we'll check it out.

-'See you soon, Nina. Bye!'

Bye!

I need some help to answer this and I know just who to ask.

OK, Neurons, time to get to work.

Neurons at the ready, Nina.

OK, today's question is "how does a clock work?"

Which Neuron will be most useful in helping us find the answer?

ALL: Me! Me!

Will it be fabulous Felix?

I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.

Will it be beautiful Belle?

I send messages to brain from ear.

If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.

Will it be lovely Luke?

For looking and seeing, day or night,

I'll help you with your sense of sight.

Will it be awesome Ollie?

If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,

my messages help your sense of smell.

Or will it be baby Bud?

Sour, salty, bitter or sweet

I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!

BEEPING

It's Belle!

OTHERS CHANT: Go, Belle! Go, Belle! Go, Belle! Go, Belle!

Go, Belle! Go, Belle! Go, Belle!

Brilliant! I'm all ears, Nina.

Today's question is how does a clock work?

Because we can hear a clock tick-tock-ticking,

Belle will be helping us today but stand by, Luke.

I might need help from you, too.

At your service, Nina. Here's looking at you!

Right, I need to get the workshop ready before the Inventors arrive.

Austin, Cooper and Jay want to find out all about clocks.

Tall clocks, small clocks, noisy, wake-up call clocks.

So, today, for one day only, Boston, Cooper and Jay become

The Inventors!

-Hi, guys!

-Hi, Nina!

Come in, welcome to my workshop.

Thank you very much for your brilliant question

which was how does a clock work? Why do you want to know that?

In our house, we've got a clock and it makes a bong sound and we jump.

Now, not all clocks are that noisy.

I've got some of my clocks here. So, let's have a listen.

-CLOCKS TICK

-Can you hear anything?

Oh, yes. I can definitely hear a sound.

Tick-tock, tick-tock, tick-tock, tick-tock!

The clock is ticking, Nina.

That's right. This clock is ticking here.

That's the sound of this hand counting out the seconds.

It's going quite fast, isn't it?

There's two other hands on this clock. What speed are they going at?

-Much slower.

-Yeah, they're going much slower!

This hand here is going quite slowly - it's counting the minutes.

And this hand in the middle is counting the hours.

It doesn't look like it's moving, but it is, just really slowly.

Can anyone tell me what time it is?

Erm...er...

The small hand tells us what hour it is,

and the big hand tells us the minutes!

-So it's...

-Lunchtime!

Ha-ha-ha! Oh, Bud...

Five past twelve.

That's right, five past twelve.

So we've found out that there are three hands on a clock

going at different speeds, to tell us the time.

But how do the hands move?

I think we need to get inside and have a closer look.

So let me show you this clock here...

Now, what do you think these round things are?

-Cogs.

-That's right!

If we look really closely -

and I'll use my Nina-cam here -

we can see that if one cog turns, they all turn.

So we've got a little white cog here, moving quite fast,

which is turning the red cog, which is moving the yellow cog, and so on.

Each cog is moving a little more slowly than the last.

Cogs have been around for a long time,

and we can find cogs in some new inventions too...

Actually, I know something really big and exciting that uses cogs.

In fact, it's so special there's only one in the whole country!

-Shall we go and see another invention in action?

-Yes!

Brilliant, let's go!

Off they go. I really enjoy seeing the big inventions.

I'm looking forward to this. It sounds like a really special place.

Let's think. Nina says it uses cogs,

and there's only one in the whole country!

Well, it looks like we'll find out soon enough!

Look up there, guys, look!

This is the Falkirk Wheel. It's like a lift, for boats.

It takes boats from down here, all the way up to there,

and it uses cogs to do it.

So let's go and watch!

So can anyone see any cogs?

ALL: There!

Ah-ha, yeah! The Falkirk Wheel has five cogs.

Three big ones, and two small ones.

The cogs are turning.

Oh, so they are! The three big cogs are moving at the same speed,

but the two smaller cogs are moving much more quickly,

and it's the same with cogs on a clock -

they move at different speeds too.

-So shall we make the cogs work some more and take a boat trip?

-Yes!

Brilliant, let's go!

Whee-ha! I love boats.

# A sailor went to sea-sea-sea To see what he could see-see-see... #

-Bud, stop singing, we're meant to be looking at the invention.

-OK.

So cogs are used in all different things,

such as clocks and big machines.

But how do they actually work?

We need to get back to the workshop and get inventing, so let's go!

Now, as you know, I'm always on time.

But I wonder who actually invented the clock?

Listen to me, everyone. I can tell you.

For thousands of years,

people had been thinking up ways of telling the time.

But even when the first clocks were invented,

they didn't always keep the right time.

That man there is Christiaan Huygens, and he had an idea.

He invented a clock that used a pendulum.

That's the swingy thing

that hangs down from the bottom of clocks sometimes.

And that kept the right time. He was never late for anything ever again!

So your question was, how does a clock work?

We've found out that a clock uses cogs to move its hands,

and cogs are found in lots of inventions,

and we even saw really big cogs working in the Falkirk Wheel

to move boats! But what is a cog, and how does it work?

I think it's time to make some cogs so we can find out.

The first thing you need to do

is to cut the shapes out using your scissors,

and taking your time!

Now, do be careful, and watch those fingers!

Scissors can be very sharp.

Next we're going to place our circles onto a flat piece of card,

and then we're going to glue them down.

Good gluing, guys.

Next we need to cut the shapes out.

Now we're going to make a small cog, and for this bit,

you need the green circle, and we're going to attach this bottle top.

Very good. To complete the small cog, we need to attach on the bottom

the blue one, and one of the little yellow ones.

Well done. Grab a long paper fastener...

..pop it through the hole in our cog,

gently squeeze, mind your fingers at the end.

Now we'll make the large cog, just like before.

So it's really important that the large cog

is pressed as tightly as possible against the inside of the small cog.

We need to put a paper fastener in here

to attach the cog in the right position...

Ta-dah! We have made our very own set of cogs.

Let's give them a twiddle and see what happens. Go for it!

Round and round and round they go,

some go fast and some go slow.

Ha-ha! I think you've cracked it, Nina.

I think we have, Luke!

When this cog moves the other cog starts moving too.

-Big cog is moving slower than the little cog.

-That's right.

Different-sized cogs move at different speeds.

The smaller cog is moving quite quickly,

so that would move the hand that counts the minutes on a clock,

and the bigger cog is moving more slowly,

so that would move the hand that counts the hours.

That's how the cogs inside a clock work. Well done, Inventors!

So your question was, how does a clock work?

And I think we've answered it! We found out that inside a clock

are things called cogs, and cogs are used in lots of machines,

and we even saw really big cogs on the Falkirk Wheel!

When one cog turns, it makes other cogs of different sizes

move at different speeds.

And a clock works in the same way.

Cogs in a clock can move three different hands at different speeds,

and having three hands telling us the time

means we always know exactly what time it is!

So thank you very much for coming to see me today.

-ALL: Thanks, Nina. Bye!

-Bye!

If you want to make today's invention, just go to

the Nina section on the CBeebies website.

That'll give you all the instructions you need.

Or you may have other ideas of what you want to invent!

-Bikes!

-Planes!

-Binoculars!

-Televisions!

-Speakers!

-And cars!

# We all love inventing

# Whoah-oh-ohh, go inventing!

# We all love inventing

# Why don't you try it too?

# Inventions make life easier

-# And help us get things done

-Go inventing!

# I always like to take a look

-# At how they work and run

-Go inventing!

# We all love inventing

# Whoah-oh-ohh, go inventing!

# We all love inventing

# Why don't you try it too? #

Oh, I've had a brilliant day,

listening to the tick-tock tick-tock of the clock!

It's been a marvellous day.

I loved looking inside the clock and seeing what makes it tick.

Ah, it's been such a great day, man,

watching all those big cogs on the Falkirk Wheel. Amazing.

I've had a fabby day!

My favourite bit was being on the boat.

Everyone had the best time ever!

Get it? Best "time" ever!

I really enjoyed myself today,

especially when everybody made their own cogs out of cardboard.

Nina and the Inventors are so clever. It worked really well!

Our day has been bursting with inventions. Hope you enjoyed it.

See you again soon. Bye!

ALL: Bye!

E-mail [email protected]