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Only one creature has carved a life for itself | 0:00:04 | 0:00:09 | |
in every habitat on Earth. | 0:00:09 | 0:00:12 | |
That creature is us. | 0:00:12 | 0:00:14 | |
All over the world we still use our ingenuity to survive in the wild places, | 0:00:16 | 0:00:22 | |
far from the city lights, face to face with raw nature. | 0:00:22 | 0:00:28 | |
This is the Human Planet. | 0:00:30 | 0:00:33 | |
Mountains are among the most brutal environments on Earth. | 0:00:45 | 0:00:50 | |
Weather here can shift from tropical to arctic in just hours. | 0:00:53 | 0:00:58 | |
And the higher you climb, the tougher it gets... | 0:01:02 | 0:01:05 | |
...until even oxygen is stripped away. | 0:01:07 | 0:01:10 | |
But millions of people live in the mountains... | 0:01:15 | 0:01:18 | |
...either seeking refuge from conflict | 0:01:22 | 0:01:26 | |
or exploiting resources found nowhere else. | 0:01:26 | 0:01:30 | |
And to survive they have had to adapt | 0:01:33 | 0:01:36 | |
in the most surprising and ingenious ways. | 0:01:36 | 0:01:40 | |
These are their stories. | 0:01:42 | 0:01:45 | |
DRAMATIC MUSIC | 0:01:45 | 0:01:47 | |
MEWING WHOOP | 0:01:52 | 0:01:54 | |
GELADA BARKS | 0:01:58 | 0:02:00 | |
SQUEALS | 0:02:04 | 0:02:05 | |
WIND HOWLS AND GUSTS | 0:02:11 | 0:02:16 | |
The Altai mountains in Mongolia are among the most remote on Earth. | 0:02:25 | 0:02:30 | |
And for the people who live in this barren landscape, | 0:02:34 | 0:02:38 | |
hunting is nearly impossible. | 0:02:38 | 0:02:42 | |
Unless you have help. | 0:02:42 | 0:02:45 | |
Sailau Jadik and his son Berik are Kazakhs. | 0:02:50 | 0:02:54 | |
And today they're in search of the ultimate hunting partner. | 0:02:54 | 0:02:59 | |
A golden eagle. | 0:03:01 | 0:03:03 | |
TRANSLATED FROM KAZAKH | 0:03:05 | 0:03:08 | |
These young birds are almost ready to leave the nest. | 0:03:18 | 0:03:22 | |
If 16-year-old Berik can collect one, he will take his first step | 0:03:26 | 0:03:31 | |
towards becoming a Kazakh hunter like his father. | 0:03:31 | 0:03:34 | |
CHICKS CHEEP | 0:03:34 | 0:03:37 | |
It's a big first step. | 0:03:37 | 0:03:40 | |
EAGLE CHICKS CHEEP | 0:03:57 | 0:04:00 | |
Ever since the Kazakhs fled into these mountains nearly 200 years ago, | 0:04:15 | 0:04:20 | |
they have been stealing baby eagles. | 0:04:20 | 0:04:23 | |
Eagles have eyes many times more powerful than a human's | 0:04:30 | 0:04:34 | |
and can spot prey two kilometres away. | 0:04:34 | 0:04:37 | |
If Berik can teach this eagle to hunt for him, | 0:04:39 | 0:04:42 | |
he will join the few hundred Kazakhs left who can still do this. | 0:04:42 | 0:04:48 | |
Berik calls his new eagle Balapan. | 0:05:01 | 0:05:06 | |
If he gets it right, Balapan will become his hunting partner. | 0:05:08 | 0:05:12 | |
But training her will take five months. | 0:05:15 | 0:05:19 | |
It's five months later, and time for Berik and a fully grown Balapan | 0:05:33 | 0:05:38 | |
to go on their first hunt together. | 0:05:38 | 0:05:40 | |
They're after a Mongolian fox, | 0:05:43 | 0:05:47 | |
an animal so elusive, only an eagle stands a chance of catching it. | 0:05:47 | 0:05:53 | |
But for Balapan to catch the fox, Berik first has to take her to high ground. | 0:05:58 | 0:06:04 | |
Here she'll have the perfect vantage point to spot the slightest movement. | 0:06:07 | 0:06:13 | |
BALAPAN CALLS | 0:06:40 | 0:06:41 | |
Berik now hopes that Balapan's hunting instinct will take over. | 0:06:41 | 0:06:46 | |
SAILAU SHOUTS | 0:06:54 | 0:06:56 | |
WHOOPING | 0:06:56 | 0:06:57 | |
MEWING WHOOP | 0:07:10 | 0:07:14 | |
FOX GROWLS | 0:07:26 | 0:07:27 | |
Balapan has failed. | 0:07:36 | 0:07:38 | |
For Berik, this is worrying. | 0:07:41 | 0:07:43 | |
Does she have the killer instinct? | 0:07:43 | 0:07:46 | |
Traditionally, Kazakh hunters pair up with their eagles for seven years | 0:07:59 | 0:08:04 | |
before setting them free, | 0:08:04 | 0:08:06 | |
but Berik now has his doubts. | 0:08:06 | 0:08:09 | |
BALAPAN CALLS | 0:08:09 | 0:08:10 | |
As day breaks, father and son return to the mountains. | 0:08:37 | 0:08:41 | |
If Balapan can't catch a fox, | 0:08:45 | 0:08:47 | |
Berik may have to let her go and find another eagle to train. | 0:08:47 | 0:08:53 | |
SHOUTING | 0:09:05 | 0:09:07 | |
MEWING WHOOP | 0:09:24 | 0:09:26 | |
Balapan has caught the fox, just as she was trained to. | 0:09:57 | 0:10:01 | |
She's now locked in a fight to the death. | 0:10:02 | 0:10:05 | |
HORSE WHINNIES | 0:10:11 | 0:10:12 | |
Sailau kills the fox as quickly as he can. | 0:10:36 | 0:10:39 | |
According to Kazakh tradition, Balapan gets the fox's lungs. | 0:10:43 | 0:10:48 | |
The fox's thick coat will be used for winter clothing. | 0:10:52 | 0:10:56 | |
Berik has proved himself to be a successful Kazakh hunter. | 0:11:00 | 0:11:06 | |
As long as they have lived in the Altai Mountains, | 0:11:25 | 0:11:29 | |
Kazakhs have relied on eagles. | 0:11:29 | 0:11:31 | |
However, not all mountain people get help from wild animals. | 0:11:34 | 0:11:40 | |
On the edge of Africa's Great Rift Valley, | 0:11:42 | 0:11:45 | |
geological upheaval has created Ethiopia's Simien mountains. | 0:11:45 | 0:11:50 | |
Here, giant cliffs form a natural fortress | 0:11:52 | 0:11:56 | |
where for centuries people have sought refuge from conflicts below. | 0:11:56 | 0:12:01 | |
Getabit village is one of a hundred perched in a landscape so vertical | 0:12:06 | 0:12:10 | |
that the residents can only grow their crops on tiny strips of land | 0:12:10 | 0:12:15 | |
along the edges of cliffs. | 0:12:15 | 0:12:17 | |
VILLAGERS SING | 0:12:17 | 0:12:20 | |
But 700-foot precipices are the least of their worries. | 0:12:25 | 0:12:29 | |
Today their annual harvest is under way, | 0:12:29 | 0:12:33 | |
and their grain is under attack from a ravenous enemy. | 0:12:33 | 0:12:37 | |
SHRIEKING | 0:12:39 | 0:12:42 | |
These are gelada monkeys and they love stealing the farmers' grain. | 0:12:44 | 0:12:50 | |
Troops of up to 600 prowl the cliffs surrounding Getabit village, | 0:12:52 | 0:12:59 | |
led by males with fangs larger than a lion's. | 0:12:59 | 0:13:02 | |
They are cunning thieves. | 0:13:05 | 0:13:07 | |
To defend their crops against the monkeys, | 0:13:08 | 0:13:11 | |
the cliff farmers depend on their children, | 0:13:11 | 0:13:14 | |
such as 12-year-old Dereje. | 0:13:14 | 0:13:17 | |
DEREJE WHOOPS | 0:13:25 | 0:13:26 | |
Because the area is next to a national park, the gelada are protected. | 0:13:43 | 0:13:48 | |
As night approaches, the geladas stop raiding. | 0:14:07 | 0:14:11 | |
But Dereje's crops are ripe for harvest, and he knows that tomorrow | 0:14:17 | 0:14:22 | |
the monkeys will attack even more aggressively than before. | 0:14:22 | 0:14:25 | |
So, with his two sisters and brother, he camps by his fields. | 0:14:25 | 0:14:31 | |
At night, temperatures plummet below freezing. | 0:14:54 | 0:14:58 | |
While the thick-furred geladas have adapted to the cold, | 0:15:00 | 0:15:04 | |
the humans must huddle together for warmth. | 0:15:04 | 0:15:07 | |
At dawn, the geladas attack. | 0:15:12 | 0:15:15 | |
GELADAS WHOOP | 0:15:15 | 0:15:18 | |
DEREJE SHOUTS | 0:15:18 | 0:15:21 | |
The first strike comes from a few large males, | 0:15:21 | 0:15:24 | |
who target Dereje's haystacks. | 0:15:24 | 0:15:27 | |
He drives them off, | 0:15:27 | 0:15:30 | |
but the geladas are cunning - these males were only a decoy. | 0:15:30 | 0:15:34 | |
Out of sight at the other end of Dereje's fields, | 0:15:39 | 0:15:42 | |
the main army launches the real attack. | 0:15:42 | 0:15:46 | |
A big troop like this can strip a field in minutes. | 0:15:48 | 0:15:52 | |
MAN CONTINUES TO SHOUT WARNING | 0:16:01 | 0:16:05 | |
DEREJE SHOUTS | 0:16:17 | 0:16:19 | |
If Dereje doesn't hurry, | 0:16:19 | 0:16:21 | |
the food his family needs to get through the winter will be gone. | 0:16:21 | 0:16:26 | |
GELADAS SHRIEK | 0:16:32 | 0:16:35 | |
GELADAS SHRIEK AND BARK | 0:16:42 | 0:16:44 | |
Dereje's done it. He's seen off the gelada. | 0:16:55 | 0:16:59 | |
Finally, his crops are harvested. | 0:17:02 | 0:17:05 | |
THEY SING | 0:17:05 | 0:17:07 | |
Dereje lives in the Simiens | 0:17:28 | 0:17:30 | |
because his ancestors sought refuge here centuries ago. | 0:17:30 | 0:17:35 | |
But in some parts of the world, people settle in mountains | 0:17:35 | 0:17:39 | |
because this environment has something they desperately want. | 0:17:39 | 0:17:45 | |
LOW RUMBLING EXPLOSIONS | 0:17:45 | 0:17:51 | |
Mountains are born when continental plates collide. | 0:17:51 | 0:17:56 | |
This massive upheaval often exposes a wealth of valuable minerals. | 0:17:58 | 0:18:03 | |
Nowhere more so than here in Indonesia, | 0:18:04 | 0:18:08 | |
home to more active volcanic mountains than any nation on Earth. | 0:18:08 | 0:18:13 | |
Here, people risk their lives | 0:18:22 | 0:18:25 | |
for a mineral vital to several important industries. | 0:18:25 | 0:18:29 | |
Sulphur. | 0:18:31 | 0:18:33 | |
Hartomo and Sulaiman are sulphur miners. | 0:18:35 | 0:18:38 | |
Today, they're going where few others dare. | 0:18:40 | 0:18:44 | |
Into the heart of an active volcano. | 0:18:46 | 0:18:49 | |
This is Ijen crater, one of the most poisonous places on Earth. | 0:19:09 | 0:19:14 | |
At its centre, a lake filled with | 0:19:16 | 0:19:19 | |
two-and-a-half million tonnes of acid. | 0:19:19 | 0:19:22 | |
And out of the depths of the mountain pour toxic gases | 0:19:30 | 0:19:34 | |
that have claimed the lives of 74 miners in the past 40 years. | 0:19:34 | 0:19:39 | |
The hydrogen sulphide that these men must breathe in | 0:20:15 | 0:20:19 | |
is 40 times the safe level. | 0:20:19 | 0:20:22 | |
Over time, it destroys their lungs. | 0:20:30 | 0:20:34 | |
THEY COUGH | 0:20:37 | 0:20:39 | |
Once they have enough sulphur, | 0:21:10 | 0:21:12 | |
Hartomo and Sulaiman have to carry it | 0:21:12 | 0:21:14 | |
200 metres straight up to the crater rim. | 0:21:14 | 0:21:18 | |
Each man hefts 90 kilos, | 0:21:24 | 0:21:28 | |
nearly one-and-a-half times their own body weight. | 0:21:28 | 0:21:31 | |
This work exacts a heavy price on the miners' bodies. | 0:21:35 | 0:21:40 | |
Sulaiman and Hartomo are paid five dollars per load. | 0:22:14 | 0:22:19 | |
The lives of miners have always been hard. | 0:22:21 | 0:22:25 | |
But it's not just miners who have it tough. | 0:22:27 | 0:22:29 | |
For some mountain dwellers, just finding food can be a challenge. | 0:22:29 | 0:22:34 | |
In the South Pacific lies the world's second largest island, New Guinea. | 0:22:37 | 0:22:43 | |
This is one of the most biologically rich mountain landscapes on Earth. | 0:22:46 | 0:22:51 | |
With plenty of water, and thousands of protected valleys, | 0:22:53 | 0:22:57 | |
these mountains brim with life. | 0:22:57 | 0:23:00 | |
Yet hunting for food, particularly meat, is surprisingly difficult. | 0:23:03 | 0:23:08 | |
Marcus, Andrew and George are hunters | 0:23:16 | 0:23:19 | |
from the Yangoru Boiken tribe. | 0:23:19 | 0:23:22 | |
They and their families haven't eaten any fresh meat for two weeks. | 0:23:22 | 0:23:26 | |
But today they plan to solve the problem. | 0:23:28 | 0:23:31 | |
They hope to trap giant fruit bats. | 0:23:36 | 0:23:40 | |
But to catch a giant bat requires a giant bat trap. | 0:24:01 | 0:24:06 | |
So these men are doing something radical. | 0:24:08 | 0:24:12 | |
They're changing the shape of the landscape itself. | 0:24:12 | 0:24:15 | |
Along this ridge, the men create a 70-foot wide doorway. | 0:24:21 | 0:24:27 | |
A shortcut through the mountains to the fruit trees beyond | 0:24:27 | 0:24:32 | |
and a perfect place to ambush the bats. | 0:24:32 | 0:24:36 | |
Like spiders, the men spin a gigantic web. | 0:25:02 | 0:25:06 | |
In the dark, this 130-foot high net cannot be detected by the bats. | 0:25:10 | 0:25:17 | |
Only two things now remain. | 0:25:20 | 0:25:23 | |
Add the bat alert signal... | 0:25:26 | 0:25:28 | |
BATS CHIRP AND SQUEAK | 0:25:28 | 0:25:30 | |
...and pray the bats fly into their trap. | 0:25:30 | 0:25:32 | |
MEN CHATTER QUIETLY IN LOCAL DIALECT | 0:25:44 | 0:25:47 | |
Catching bats requires patience. | 0:25:50 | 0:25:53 | |
In the past, Marcus has spent weeks on the mountain | 0:25:56 | 0:26:00 | |
and come home empty-handed. | 0:26:00 | 0:26:02 | |
But if he does manage to catch even a few, the effort will be worthwhile. | 0:26:05 | 0:26:10 | |
BAT SQUEALS | 0:26:31 | 0:26:32 | |
It's a good start, but with all the mouths to feed at home, | 0:26:57 | 0:27:01 | |
they're going to need more than one bat. | 0:27:01 | 0:27:04 | |
As the hours roll on, their trap continues to catch bats. | 0:27:09 | 0:27:13 | |
In the course of the night, the men catch a total of 15 bats. | 0:27:19 | 0:27:24 | |
They cook two now and save the rest. | 0:27:25 | 0:27:29 | |
Their haul will provide their families | 0:27:32 | 0:27:35 | |
with enough protein for two weeks. | 0:27:35 | 0:27:37 | |
Every part of the bat is edible, down to the leather on the wings. | 0:27:45 | 0:27:48 | |
For Andrew, Marcus and George, | 0:27:58 | 0:28:00 | |
knowing every inch of their mountain habitat | 0:28:00 | 0:28:03 | |
enables them to feed their families. | 0:28:03 | 0:28:06 | |
But in colder climes, knowing every inch of your mountain | 0:28:11 | 0:28:16 | |
can mean the difference between life and death. | 0:28:16 | 0:28:20 | |
In the Swiss Alps, ten metres of snow can fall in a year. | 0:28:24 | 0:28:28 | |
And for millions of skiers, this is a brilliant reason to come here. | 0:28:35 | 0:28:40 | |
But heavy snowfalls can also pose a deadly threat. | 0:28:47 | 0:28:51 | |
Avalanches. | 0:28:54 | 0:28:56 | |
ROARING RUMBLE | 0:28:59 | 0:29:02 | |
Travelling faster than a bullet train, | 0:29:11 | 0:29:14 | |
a major avalanche annihilates everything in its path. | 0:29:14 | 0:29:18 | |
In any given winter, | 0:29:20 | 0:29:22 | |
there can be 30,000 avalanches in the Swiss Alps alone. | 0:29:22 | 0:29:26 | |
Ski patrolman Martin Mathys is an avalanche spotter. | 0:29:46 | 0:29:50 | |
And today he has a big problem. | 0:29:50 | 0:29:52 | |
In his hometown of Grindelwald, there has been a massive snowfall. | 0:29:54 | 0:29:59 | |
The risk of avalanche is now extreme. | 0:29:59 | 0:30:02 | |
Towering 1,000 metres above Grindelwald | 0:30:35 | 0:30:38 | |
is the notorious Black Horn ridge. | 0:30:38 | 0:30:41 | |
Packed with snow, it's a disaster waiting to happen. | 0:30:43 | 0:30:47 | |
So Martin must set off a controlled avalanche now | 0:30:48 | 0:30:52 | |
before any more snow falls. | 0:30:52 | 0:30:54 | |
To set off a controlled avalanche, you need dynamite, plenty of it. | 0:31:10 | 0:31:15 | |
Martin is taking 50 kilos, enough to blow up several city blocks. | 0:31:17 | 0:31:23 | |
Martin reaches the summit of the Black Horn ridge, and sets a charge. | 0:32:01 | 0:32:05 | |
EXPLOSION | 0:32:19 | 0:32:21 | |
He triggers a mini avalanche, shifting over ten tonnes of snow. | 0:32:26 | 0:32:32 | |
But it's not enough. He needs to go again. | 0:32:32 | 0:32:36 | |
EXPLOSION | 0:32:50 | 0:32:52 | |
LOW RUMBLING | 0:32:54 | 0:32:57 | |
This time, Martin succeeds. | 0:33:07 | 0:33:10 | |
This is the avalanche he needs to make the mountain safe. | 0:33:10 | 0:33:15 | |
High in the Alps, mountain people have learnt | 0:33:32 | 0:33:35 | |
to control the threat of avalanches with modern technology. | 0:33:35 | 0:33:40 | |
But there are mountains where the forces of nature cannot be tamed. | 0:33:41 | 0:33:46 | |
The Himalaya is the highest mountain range on Earth. | 0:33:52 | 0:33:55 | |
The world's tallest hundred mountains are all here. | 0:33:58 | 0:34:01 | |
And within these peaks live 70 million people, | 0:34:08 | 0:34:13 | |
many at altitudes that pose a threat to the human body. | 0:34:14 | 0:34:19 | |
In the Doramba region of Nepal, the residents face an insidious threat. | 0:34:25 | 0:34:30 | |
Dangerously high levels of harmful UV rays pierce the thin mountain air | 0:34:34 | 0:34:39 | |
and burn people's eyes. | 0:34:39 | 0:34:41 | |
And here in the village of Balau, | 0:34:47 | 0:34:49 | |
65-year-old Teteeni has paid a heavy price. | 0:34:49 | 0:34:53 | |
She's blind. | 0:34:54 | 0:34:56 | |
Teteeni is determined not to let blindness interfere with her life, | 0:35:23 | 0:35:27 | |
but simple tasks, such as fetching water, now take longer | 0:35:27 | 0:35:32 | |
and can be treacherous. | 0:35:32 | 0:35:34 | |
Her blindness is caused by cataracts, | 0:35:41 | 0:35:44 | |
a fogging of her lenses exacerbated by the intense mountain sun. | 0:35:44 | 0:35:50 | |
But isolated here in the Himalaya, | 0:35:52 | 0:35:56 | |
Teteeni has no access to medical treatment. | 0:35:56 | 0:36:00 | |
Fortunately, an answer to her prayers may be just around the corner. | 0:36:05 | 0:36:09 | |
From Kathmandu, | 0:36:12 | 0:36:13 | |
Dr Sanduk Ruit has pioneered a method of eye surgery | 0:36:13 | 0:36:17 | |
that he brings to the remote corners of the Himalaya. | 0:36:17 | 0:36:21 | |
His mobile clinic brings hope to thousands. | 0:36:25 | 0:36:30 | |
And today, Teteeni is setting off to join them. | 0:36:36 | 0:36:40 | |
She has arranged for the only transportation | 0:36:46 | 0:36:49 | |
available to her in these mountains. | 0:36:49 | 0:36:52 | |
A friend has offered to carry her | 0:36:52 | 0:36:55 | |
ten kilometres to the Doramba clinic. | 0:36:55 | 0:36:58 | |
While Dr Ruit's success rate is high, there is still a strong chance | 0:37:05 | 0:37:10 | |
that Teteeni's eyes are too far gone to be saved. | 0:37:10 | 0:37:14 | |
He makes no promises. | 0:37:16 | 0:37:18 | |
Doramba's schoolhouse is now an improvised operating theatre. | 0:37:37 | 0:37:42 | |
It takes Dr Ruit just half an hour to remove Teteeni's fogged lenses. | 0:37:46 | 0:37:53 | |
He then replaces them | 0:37:53 | 0:37:55 | |
with a synthetic lens he manufactures himself. | 0:37:55 | 0:37:59 | |
In the West, this operation could cost 8,000. | 0:38:01 | 0:38:06 | |
But, funded by charity, Dr Ruit doesn't charge his patients a single rupee. | 0:38:08 | 0:38:14 | |
With surgery now complete, Teteeni can only wait. | 0:38:17 | 0:38:21 | |
Just 24 hours after her operation, Teteeni joins hundreds of patients | 0:38:36 | 0:38:41 | |
waiting to have their bandages removed, hopefully with her sight restored. | 0:38:41 | 0:38:47 | |
For Teteeni, this is the moment of truth. | 0:38:55 | 0:38:59 | |
THEY SING | 0:39:38 | 0:39:41 | |
For the first time in three years, Teteeni can see. | 0:39:41 | 0:39:46 | |
In the Himalayan foothills, | 0:40:27 | 0:40:29 | |
modern medicine is helping prolong | 0:40:29 | 0:40:31 | |
the lives of the people who live here. | 0:40:31 | 0:40:34 | |
But, as you climb higher in these mountains, | 0:40:40 | 0:40:44 | |
it's how to deal with death that poses a problem. | 0:40:44 | 0:40:47 | |
At over 4,000 metres, | 0:40:56 | 0:40:59 | |
Dho Tarap is one of the highest communities on Earth. | 0:40:59 | 0:41:03 | |
BELLS TOLL | 0:41:03 | 0:41:08 | |
Buddhists live here in almost complete isolation. | 0:41:08 | 0:41:12 | |
And when someone dies at this altitude, | 0:41:18 | 0:41:21 | |
dealing with the corpse is a real challenge. | 0:41:21 | 0:41:24 | |
Last night, there was a death in the village. | 0:41:28 | 0:41:32 | |
70-year-old Nombe-la passed away, | 0:41:35 | 0:41:39 | |
and now his family are preparing his body for a Buddhist funeral. | 0:41:39 | 0:41:44 | |
The man in charge of this funeral is Holy Lama Namgyal. | 0:41:50 | 0:41:55 | |
Lama Namgyal needs to hold the funeral soon | 0:42:18 | 0:42:22 | |
because Nombe-la's corpse could attract predators and spread disease. | 0:42:22 | 0:42:27 | |
But when you live at the roof of the world, your options are limited. | 0:42:30 | 0:42:34 | |
Buddhists don't bury their dead. | 0:42:36 | 0:42:40 | |
And at this altitude no trees grow, so there is no wood for a cremation. | 0:42:44 | 0:42:49 | |
The solution is a sacred ritual older than Buddhism itself. | 0:42:53 | 0:42:59 | |
A sky burial. | 0:43:03 | 0:43:05 | |
To conduct the sky burial ritual, | 0:43:14 | 0:43:17 | |
Lama Namgyal needs the help of a specialist. | 0:43:17 | 0:43:21 | |
BHARMAY FURBA INTONES | 0:43:23 | 0:43:27 | |
Bharmay Furba is the undertaker. | 0:43:27 | 0:43:30 | |
As a non-Buddhist, he is the only one | 0:43:33 | 0:43:36 | |
who is allowed to carry out this most difficult task. | 0:43:36 | 0:43:40 | |
THEY CHANT, BELLS RING | 0:44:05 | 0:44:08 | |
RHYTHMIC PERCUSSIVE BEATS | 0:44:08 | 0:44:13 | |
The funeral procession heads an hour-and-a-half up into the mountains | 0:44:15 | 0:44:19 | |
to a sacred ledge where sky burials have been performed | 0:44:19 | 0:44:23 | |
for over 1,000 years. | 0:44:23 | 0:44:26 | |
Here, they will rendezvous | 0:44:30 | 0:44:32 | |
with the most efficient scavengers in these mountains. | 0:44:32 | 0:44:36 | |
Vultures. | 0:44:38 | 0:44:40 | |
For millennia, | 0:44:48 | 0:44:49 | |
Buddhists in these mountains have relied on the griffon vulture | 0:44:49 | 0:44:53 | |
and the lammergeier to help them dispose of their dead. | 0:44:53 | 0:44:56 | |
These birds swiftly consume a corpse before it can spread disease. | 0:45:01 | 0:45:06 | |
Buddhists see this as a sacred act, | 0:45:10 | 0:45:12 | |
an offering that will sustain the life of another being. | 0:45:12 | 0:45:16 | |
For them, Nombe-la's corpse is now an empty vessel. | 0:45:22 | 0:45:26 | |
His soul has already migrated to another realm. | 0:45:28 | 0:45:32 | |
Nombe-la's sons pay their final respects to their father. | 0:45:44 | 0:45:48 | |
But they don't wish to be present for what is about to take place. | 0:45:51 | 0:45:56 | |
Because for the vultures to consume Nombe-la's corpse quickly, | 0:45:56 | 0:46:01 | |
Bharmay must make it easier for them. | 0:46:01 | 0:46:04 | |
RHYTHMIC BEATS AND BELLS RING | 0:46:06 | 0:46:07 | |
HORN PLAYS | 0:46:56 | 0:46:58 | |
Nombe-la's corpse is now gone and cannot spread disease. | 0:47:28 | 0:47:33 | |
To survive in the mountains, you have to understand them. | 0:48:26 | 0:48:31 | |
Mountain habitats can be brutal | 0:48:38 | 0:48:42 | |
but if you use your ingenuity, determination, | 0:48:42 | 0:48:48 | |
resourcefulness and courage | 0:48:48 | 0:48:51 | |
it is possible to make a life here at the roof of the world. | 0:48:51 | 0:48:55 | |
When the Human Planet mountains team filmed the Mongolian eagle hunters, | 0:49:13 | 0:49:19 | |
their search for a fox was like finding a needle in a haystack. | 0:49:19 | 0:49:23 | |
Keeping up with the hunters also proved near impossible | 0:49:23 | 0:49:26 | |
in the vast Mongolian landscape. | 0:49:26 | 0:49:29 | |
The team are here to film Sailau and his son Berik | 0:49:34 | 0:49:38 | |
hunting with their eagle, Balapan. | 0:49:38 | 0:49:40 | |
Cameraman Keith Partridge last met Berik in June with his newborn chick. | 0:49:42 | 0:49:47 | |
It's now November and bitterly cold - an ideal time for hunting, | 0:49:48 | 0:49:53 | |
when wolves, foxes and rabbits all have thick winter coats. | 0:49:53 | 0:49:57 | |
Unlike the wildlife, | 0:49:58 | 0:50:00 | |
the old Russian trucks are not well adapted to the cold | 0:50:00 | 0:50:04 | |
so the drivers devise a novel solution. | 0:50:04 | 0:50:07 | |
Keith opts for a different ride. | 0:50:09 | 0:50:12 | |
The fact is | 0:50:12 | 0:50:13 | |
that I haven't even ridden a donkey across Blackpool beach. | 0:50:13 | 0:50:17 | |
And we've now got to go up there | 0:50:17 | 0:50:18 | |
on one of these. | 0:50:18 | 0:50:20 | |
Does my horse have a name? | 0:50:20 | 0:50:22 | |
They don't have names? | 0:50:22 | 0:50:24 | |
The Mongolians have more than 300 words | 0:50:27 | 0:50:30 | |
just to describe the horse colours. | 0:50:30 | 0:50:33 | |
Wow! | 0:50:33 | 0:50:34 | |
You know that to make it go, you slightly kick and you should say, | 0:50:34 | 0:50:39 | |
-"Shu!" -OK, shall we follow Agii? | 0:50:39 | 0:50:41 | |
Thank you. | 0:50:41 | 0:50:43 | |
That's it. Shu! | 0:50:43 | 0:50:45 | |
Shu! | 0:50:45 | 0:50:47 | |
Shu! | 0:50:48 | 0:50:50 | |
Eventually, Keith finds the gears and off he goes. | 0:50:50 | 0:50:54 | |
After three hours, the trucks catch up, | 0:50:57 | 0:51:00 | |
and Keith's only too happy to leave his horse behind. | 0:51:00 | 0:51:03 | |
BALAPAN CHEEPS | 0:51:03 | 0:51:04 | |
What does he think? | 0:51:06 | 0:51:07 | |
-Except my nose? -HE CHUCKLES | 0:51:15 | 0:51:17 | |
Is it too big? | 0:51:17 | 0:51:19 | |
There you go, no frostbite! | 0:51:24 | 0:51:27 | |
Keith heads off to test a small "eagle-cam", | 0:51:30 | 0:51:33 | |
for which Sailau has made a harness. | 0:51:33 | 0:51:37 | |
There are cameras that might give us a better picture quality | 0:51:38 | 0:51:42 | |
but they're much bigger | 0:51:42 | 0:51:43 | |
so we're playing this trade-off game all the time | 0:51:43 | 0:51:47 | |
between practicalities and quality. | 0:51:47 | 0:51:49 | |
Anyway, we'll see how it goes. | 0:51:49 | 0:51:51 | |
Sailau's eagle seems | 0:51:55 | 0:51:57 | |
to fly quite happily with the eagle-cam on her back. | 0:51:57 | 0:52:00 | |
Encouraged by the first test, they use a heavier high-definition camera. | 0:52:00 | 0:52:05 | |
This will be amazing if this works. | 0:52:07 | 0:52:09 | |
We don't even know if the bird will take the weight. | 0:52:09 | 0:52:12 | |
We might have overloaded the plane, so to speak. | 0:52:12 | 0:52:15 | |
The eagle flies beautifully. Keith and the team head back to base, | 0:52:21 | 0:52:25 | |
joining director Nic Brown to view the results. | 0:52:25 | 0:52:29 | |
It's a very tense moment. | 0:52:29 | 0:52:30 | |
The locals join in for a bird's-eye view. | 0:52:30 | 0:52:34 | |
They've never seen their eagles quite like this before. | 0:52:34 | 0:52:38 | |
-The hood's off! -Hood's off. | 0:52:38 | 0:52:39 | |
Off we go. Whoa! | 0:52:39 | 0:52:42 | |
-How small, my God. Really wild! -Look at his head! | 0:52:42 | 0:52:46 | |
Wow, look at that banking round with the head. | 0:52:51 | 0:52:53 | |
Wow! That's pretty wicked, isn't it? | 0:52:53 | 0:52:58 | |
The next day, | 0:53:00 | 0:53:01 | |
the crew follow Berik and his young eagle on their first fox hunt. | 0:53:01 | 0:53:06 | |
The hunters shadow sweepers - | 0:53:06 | 0:53:08 | |
men who flush the foxes out into the open. | 0:53:08 | 0:53:12 | |
The team must constantly move from peak to peak | 0:53:13 | 0:53:16 | |
to give the eagles the best chance of seeing a fox. | 0:53:16 | 0:53:19 | |
Sailau thinks that the fox might be hiding | 0:53:19 | 0:53:22 | |
over these small mounds just behind these telegraph lines. | 0:53:22 | 0:53:26 | |
He would like to go to one of those hills and wait there. | 0:53:26 | 0:53:30 | |
It seems to make sense that we've got to head there. | 0:53:30 | 0:53:33 | |
Well, you'd better be fast, mate, cos he's just gone. | 0:53:33 | 0:53:35 | |
There he goes. | 0:53:35 | 0:53:36 | |
LAUGHING | 0:53:36 | 0:53:38 | |
After packing up quickly, the film crew race after the hunters. | 0:53:39 | 0:53:44 | |
But as soon as Keith starts filming, the plans seem to change yet again. | 0:53:45 | 0:53:50 | |
Sailau's now moved off again so, er, time to go. | 0:53:51 | 0:53:54 | |
We've only been here for two minutes. | 0:53:54 | 0:53:56 | |
This set the pattern of the day. | 0:53:58 | 0:54:00 | |
As Sailau and Berik move from peak to peak, | 0:54:00 | 0:54:04 | |
so do the team, constantly playing catch-up in the thin, high-altitude air. | 0:54:04 | 0:54:10 | |
Finally, near exhaustion, they face a new problem. | 0:54:10 | 0:54:14 | |
Where is Sailau? | 0:54:16 | 0:54:18 | |
They call the director. | 0:54:19 | 0:54:21 | |
Nic, Nic. This is Keith, do you read? Over. | 0:54:21 | 0:54:24 | |
'Hi, yeah, how are you?' | 0:54:24 | 0:54:26 | |
We're on our third mountain range of the day so far and still no luck. | 0:54:26 | 0:54:31 | |
'Which mountain range are you on now? Over.' | 0:54:31 | 0:54:34 | |
If only we knew! | 0:54:36 | 0:54:38 | |
Behind us are the really big peaks with no snow on. | 0:54:38 | 0:54:41 | |
The terrain here is pretty wild, actually, | 0:54:41 | 0:54:43 | |
and if anything's going to be lurking about, | 0:54:43 | 0:54:46 | |
I think I'd want to hide around here somewhere. | 0:54:46 | 0:54:49 | |
Something's in front of that telegraph pole. Is that a dog? | 0:54:49 | 0:54:52 | |
Let's get the lens on it. | 0:54:52 | 0:54:53 | |
It's not a wolf, it's a cow! | 0:54:59 | 0:55:00 | |
I never said it was a wolf, I said it was moving. | 0:55:00 | 0:55:03 | |
That is very true! | 0:55:03 | 0:55:04 | |
Do I get the sense that delirium | 0:55:04 | 0:55:07 | |
is beginning to set in on the third mountain range of the day? | 0:55:07 | 0:55:11 | |
Would you like some chocolate bars? | 0:55:11 | 0:55:13 | |
Agii, every day, just at the point where we are about to faint... | 0:55:13 | 0:55:19 | |
You bust your teeth on them! | 0:55:21 | 0:55:24 | |
I could ask you, Agii, if you could keep them somewhere slightly warmer! | 0:55:24 | 0:55:28 | |
They set off yet again. | 0:55:34 | 0:55:36 | |
Keith and the team are beginning to wonder if they'll ever film a hunt. | 0:55:36 | 0:55:41 | |
But then, good news. | 0:55:41 | 0:55:43 | |
We have seen a fox. | 0:55:43 | 0:55:45 | |
It scarpered really fast down that snowy slope. | 0:55:46 | 0:55:49 | |
The guys are over there at the moment, | 0:55:49 | 0:55:51 | |
trying to see where it's hunkered down. | 0:55:51 | 0:55:53 | |
Once they're out on the snow, | 0:55:53 | 0:55:55 | |
you can see them pretty easily cos it's a little black dot, scarpering like hell. | 0:55:55 | 0:55:58 | |
But, um, apart from that, you see this place. | 0:55:58 | 0:56:02 | |
It's utterly vast. It's like trying to find a needle in a haystack. | 0:56:02 | 0:56:06 | |
Suddenly, there's a call from the valley and the hunt is on. | 0:56:06 | 0:56:10 | |
Everybody clear the front of frame, please. | 0:56:12 | 0:56:14 | |
Now! | 0:56:14 | 0:56:15 | |
BERIK MAKES MEWING WHOOPS | 0:56:16 | 0:56:20 | |
I think the fox has made a hasty escape. | 0:56:33 | 0:56:36 | |
Both Balapan and the crew have learned a lot on their first hunt. | 0:56:38 | 0:56:42 | |
Still...the team have yet to film a successful hunt. | 0:56:44 | 0:56:48 | |
After several frustrating days, the pressure to deliver is intense. | 0:56:48 | 0:56:53 | |
We're fast running out of time, it hasn't been looking very good. | 0:56:55 | 0:57:00 | |
Just when the crew are resigned to failure, a call is heard. | 0:57:00 | 0:57:04 | |
Keith knows this is his and Balapan's big chance to succeed. | 0:57:07 | 0:57:13 | |
MEWING WHOOP | 0:57:15 | 0:57:16 | |
The bird got it! My word. | 0:57:41 | 0:57:43 | |
When all those whoops go off, | 0:57:45 | 0:57:47 | |
things just go from nought to a million miles an hour in two or three seconds. | 0:57:47 | 0:57:52 | |
Your heart races when you are doing this sort of stuff, | 0:57:52 | 0:57:56 | |
and you just have to respond in a kind of a positive way. | 0:57:56 | 0:57:58 | |
You know, just try and stay totally focused on what you are here to do. | 0:57:58 | 0:58:02 | |
When that adrenaline kicks in, it's easy to get distracted, | 0:58:02 | 0:58:05 | |
but you have to just think, | 0:58:05 | 0:58:07 | |
"Right, now is the time I've got to up my game, | 0:58:07 | 0:58:09 | |
"knuckle down and focus on getting the shot and making it work." | 0:58:09 | 0:58:14 | |
And also trying to build some form of relationship | 0:58:14 | 0:58:17 | |
with the people that you are working with as well. | 0:58:17 | 0:58:19 | |
So that they trust us | 0:58:19 | 0:58:20 | |
and welcome us into what's quite an intimate part of their lives. | 0:58:20 | 0:58:25 | |
Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd | 0:58:51 | 0:58:52 | |
E-mail [email protected] | 0:58:52 | 0:58:55 |