Episode 3 University Challenge

Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.

Hello. Oxford v Cambridge tonight for a place in the second round.

The losers may qualify to play again if their score is good enough,

so they've all worked out it's wise to get through as many questions as possible.

Worcester College, Oxford, has had a seat of learning on its site since 1283,

the first being a college for Benedictine monks which survived until the 16th century.

The present college was established in 1714 with funds provided by the will of Sir Thomas Cookes.

Its alumni have included the English opium eater Thomas De Quincey,

the writer who regenerated Dr Who, Russell T Davies, and a pair with a pervasive impact on British society,

John Sainsbury and Rupert Murdoch.

Tonight's team came into being when the captain realised she'd left the pub quiz machine with a profit.

In this contest, they play only for glory. Representing 500 students and with an average age of 20,

let's meet the team.

Hi, I'm Dave Knapp, from Woking, and I'm studying Engineering.

Hi. I'm Jack Bramhill from Colchester and I'm studying Chemistry.

-And their captain...

-I'm Rebecca Gillie, from Weymouth, reading French and Italian.

Hi. I'm Jonathan Metzer from London, reading Classics.

APPLAUSE

Clare College, Cambridge, is the second-oldest college there. It was founded in 1326

and endowed by Lady Elizabeth de Clare, granddaughter of Edward I,

with funds for 15 scholars.

Clare boasts the oldest of the famous Cambridge bridges,

decorated with 14 stone balls, one of which has a wedge missing -

one much-touted explanation being that the builder wasn't paid and was making a point.

Another explanation is it fell off.

Hugh Latimer, burned at the stake under Mary Tudor, was a Fellow,

Siegfried Sassoon was a student. Playing on behalf of 650 students and with an average age of 20,

let's meet the Clare team.

Hi. I'm Kris Cao, from Abingdon, and I'm reading Mathematics.

Hi. I'm Daniel James from East London and I'm reading History.

-And their captain...

-I'm Jonathan Burley from Bourne End, reading Physics.

Hello. I'm Jonathan Foxwell, from Farnham, reading Natural Sciences.

APPLAUSE

OK, you all know the rules. Here's your first starter for 10.

The poisoning of King Pelias of Thessaly, the writing of Edmond Rostand's Cyrano de Bergerac,

the axe murder of Agamemnon and the formulation of the Archimedean Principle are events...

-In a bath.

-In a bath, that's right.

The first bonuses are on quotations, Worcester.

In Dickens' Pickwick Papers, Sam Weller says that poverty and which shellfish always go together?

-Sounds like oysters could be plausible.

-Oysters.

Correct. In which play by Arthur Miller does Willie Loman say,

"The world is an oyster, but you don't crack it open on a mattress"?

-Death Of A Salesman.

-Correct. Which Dublin-born satirist, under the pseudonym Simon Wagstaff, published

Polite and Ingenious Conversation in 1738, with the line, "He was a bold man that first ate an oyster"?

-Joyce?

-James Joyce?

-No, it was Jonathan Swift.

10 points for this. Which South American country was formerly part of the Inca Empire,

is the site of the Cotopaxi volcano and takes its name from a parallel of latitude?

-Ecuador.

-Correct. Your second set of bonuses are on Europe and Asia.

Firstly, by convention one of the boundaries between Europe and Asia,

which mountain range includes Mount Elbrus generally considered the highest point in Europe?

I'm not sure.

It's...the Caursicus. Caursicus.

-Caursicus.

-No, the Caucasus. Bad luck.

Which major Russian river, known in Greek as Tanais,

was in ancient times regarded as the boundary between Europe and Asia?

-Volga.

-Volga.

-No, it's the Don.

"Nor have I been able to learn who it was that first marked these boundaries

"or where they got the names from." Which Ancient Greek author made that observation in his Histories?

-Herodotus.

-Correct. 10 points for this. What French term for boldness

has been given as a name to several ships of the French and British navies, including a British example

celebrated in a poem by Sir Henry Newbolt and a painting by Turner?

-Temeraire.

-Temeraire is right.

These bonuses are on a letter of the alphabet. What letter, standing for the German for "source",

symbolises the hypothetical document used by Matthew and Luke for many shared passages in their gospels?

Q.

-Q?

-Correct. Q was the pen name of the poet and academic Arthur Quiller-Couch,

noted for editing which work, which first appeared in 1900 and was revised by him in 1939?

-Pass.

-The Oxford Book of English Verse. Finally, in the Broadway musical Avenue Q,

what question is posed by Princeton in the title of his song which says,

"Four years of college and plenty of knowledge have earned me this useless degree"?

-What Good Is A BA In English?

-I'll accept that. What Can You Do With A BA In English?

10 points for this. Troubles by JG Farrell, The Driver's Seat by Muriel Spark and...

-Er, the 1971 extra Booker...thing.

-Yes, I'll accept that.

The Lost Man Booker Prize. Yes, the year when they didn't have one. They were contenders.

Right, your set of bonuses are on physics.

Which instrument is used to split a light wave into component waves which recombine as patterns

that can be used in the quality control of lenses and prisms and in the measurement of wavelengths?

Let's have an answer.

-Interferometer?

-Correct. An interferometer was used in which experiment of 1887,

named after the American scientist who conducted it and key evidence for the Theory of Relativity?

-Michelson-Morley.

-Correct. That experiment was confirmed with the aid of which device,

invented in the early 1950s by Charles Townes to produce microwaves of a fixed density?

-Maser.

-Correct. We'll take a picture round now.

You'll see a simple diagram of a well-known process. 10 points if you can give me the process.

-Fractionation of oil?

-No. Anyone from Worcester?

None of you is going to buzz? It's brewing.

Picture bonuses in a moment or two.

In human evolution, what is the nickname of AL 288-1,

a skeleton of Australo-Pithicus Afarensiss...

-Lucy.

-Lucy is correct, yes.

So you get the picture bonuses. We follow that diagram with more picture bonuses on brewing.

What word is missing at A in this diagram?

-Mash.

-That's the Mash Tun.

Secondly, the process that takes place at point B?

-Fermentation?

-Correct. And which female fruiting bodies are added at C?

-Hops.

-Hops is right. 10 points for this. In astronomy, what term denotes a celestial object

whose large red shift and very high luminosity indicate extreme distance and immense energy output?

-Quasar?

-Quasar is right.

Your bonuses are on a judicial issue. Which decade saw the establishment of Judges' Rules,

which enshrined the right of a suspect in a criminal case to remain silent

without prejudice at a subsequent trial?

-1960s?

-No, the 1910s.

1912. Amending the right to silence by allowing a jury to draw adverse inferences

from a defendant's reliance in court on something not mentioned in questioning,

a bill that became the 1994 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act was introduced by which Home Secretary?

That was...Michael Howard.

-Michael Howard.

-Correct. Coined in 1966, what name is given to the rights

-of a criminal suspect in the US?

-Miranda.

-Nominate James.

-Miranda.

-Correct.

10 points for this. Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy

is a work of 1942 by which Austrian-born economist,

who popularised the term "creative destruction" to describe...

-Schumpeter.

-Schumpeter is right.

These bonuses, Clare College, are on unusual world championships.

A wrestling championship restricted to what part of the body is held at the Bentley Brook Inn in Derbyshire?

-Is it the foot?

-No, it's toe wrestling.

Won in 2009 and 2010 by Taisto Miettinen and Kristiina Haapanen,

which championships are run on a 253.5-metre track

in Sonkajarvi in Finland?

-Oh! Wife carrying.

-Wife carrying.

-It IS wife carrying.

In the hybrid sport originally conceived by the French graphic artist Enki Bilal,

four-minute rounds of what game alternate with three-minute bouts of boxing?

-Chessboxing.

-It is chessboxing! Right, 10 points for this.

Which US Government building was designed in 1941 by George Edwin Bergstrom

and lies between the Memorial Bridge and Arlington National Cemetery?

-The Pentagon.

-That is right. Your bonuses now are on self.

The Divided Self: An Existential Study In Sanity And Madness

is a 1960 work by which Scottish psychiatrist, also noted for The Politics of Experience?

-We don't know.

-RD Laing. Which novel by Will Self describes a future society

in which the misogynistic rantings of a 20th-century London taxi driver, printed on steel,

are treated as revealed truth?

Book of...

Book of...

-No?

-OK, I need an answer.

-We don't know.

-Nearly there. It's The Book of Dave.

A former public prosecutor under the Nazis, Gerhard Self is an elderly private investigator

in works by which German novelist, also noted for The Reader?

Did Brecht write The Reader?

I'm not sure.

-Brecht?

-Bernhard Schlink. 10 points for this. From the Arabic for "coarse wool",

denoting the kind of garment worn, what name was given from around the year 800 to Islamic mystics

who adopted ascetic practices as a way of achieving union with God?

-Is it Sufism?

-Sufi is correct, yes.

Your bonuses this time are on the seven deadly sins. Firstly, for five,

in Purgatory, the second book of Dante's Divine Comedy, those guilty of which sin

have had their eyes stitched and sealed with iron wire?

Envy?

-Envy.

-Correct. Again in the Divine Comedy,

the penance for those guilty of which sin is to run endlessly

around the mountain of purgatory?

-Sloth.

-Correct. Dante writes that those guilty of which sin

must pass through an immense wall of flame in the seventh and final terrace of the mountain?

-Wrath.

-No, it's lust. A music round now. You'll hear a piece of classical music

written for a ballet. 10 points for the title of the ballet and the composer.

MUSIC PLAYS

Is it Swan Lake by Tchaikovsky?

No. Anyone like to hear more?

-The Nutcracker, Tchaikovsky.

-Correct!

The Nutcracker Suite was famously used in Disney's 1940 film Fantasia.

Your bonuses are three more pieces of music used in that film. In each case, name the animal or animals

for which this section of music acts as a theme in the film. Firstly, this music...

MUSIC PLAYS

Dog?

-Dog?

-No, ponies or unicorns.

Secondly, the three animals featured with this music.

MUSIC PLAYS

-Yeah? Birds?

-No...

Cunning, but not good enough. Ostrich, elephant and hippos. And finally...

MUSIC PLAYS

-Mice?

-It is. Mickey Mouse, yes.

10 points for this. Crossing the River Thames where the River Fleet once entered it,

the name of which bridge commemorates a Dominican monastery?

-Is it Blackfriars?

-Correct. Your bonuses this time are on plate tectonics.

What term denotes the process by which one plate slides under another into the Earth's mantle?

-Subduction.

-Correct.

Examples including those which struck the Kamchatka Peninsula in 1737, 1923 and 1952,

what name is given to extremely powerful earthquakes which occur at subduction zones?

I think we'd better have an answer, please.

Um...

-Thrusts.

-They're megathrusts.

Finally, caused by the African plate subducting under the Eurasian plate,

the megathrust earthquake of AD365 had its epicentre on or near which Mediterranean island?

-Either that or Greece. Crete.

-Yes, that's correct.

10 points for this. An application of Thomson scattering, named after a British astrophysicist,

what term describes the point at which gravity is balanced with...

-Eddington.

-Eddington is correct.

That gives you the lead. Bonuses on paintings of the Madonna.

Around 1535, Parmigianino produced an unfinished easel painting

that featured a Madonna with what specific physical feature?

Let's have something.

-Um...golden hair?

-No, she had a long neck.

Basing his composition on an altarpiece by Piero Della Francesca,

who painted his first version of the Madonna of Port Lligat in 1949?

-Go for Bacon.

-Bacon.

-No, Salvador Dali. Which English city provides the alternative title

of The Virgin and Child with St John and Angels,

an unfinished work by Michelangelo in the National Gallery?

-Salisbury.

-Manchester. 10 points for this.

John Tenniel's 1890 Punch cartoon "Dropping The Pilot" commented...

-Bismarck.

-Bismarck is right, yes.

Your bonuses are on parts of the human body.

Where on the body does a thin fold known as the eponychium extend

over a crescent-shaped area called the lunula?

It's the fingernail. Yeah, the nail.

-Fingernail.

-Correct. Also called the infra-nasal depression,

what name is given to the vertical groove on the surface of the upper lip below the septum of the nose?

-Philtrum.

-Yeah. Philtrum.

-Correct.

A literal translation from the Latin, "nares" is an alternative name for what part of the body?

-Bellybutton.

-Bellybutton.

-No, it's nostrils.

10 points for this. Non-existent in Japanese, Russian and classical Latin,

which short word has six forms in German, four in French and Spanish,

seven in Italian and one in modern English?

-The.

-"The" is correct, yes.

Your bonuses now are on literary titles that contain numbers.

Complete the arithmetical calculations of the numbers in the titles of each set of books.

For example, Dickens' Cities plus Dumas' Musketeers gives the answer five. OK?

First, Ray Bradbury's degrees Fahrenheit multiplied by Jerome K Jerome's Men In a Boat.

-1,402?

-No, it's 1,353. It was 451 times 3.

George Orwell's year of Big Brother divided by TS Eliot's quartets.

It's the other way round...

-496.

-496?

-Correct. 1984 over 4. And, finally, subtract Joseph Heller's Catch

from John Buchan's Steps and multiply the result by Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse.

-85?

-It is, yes. 39 take away 22 times 5. Right. We're going to take a picture round.

You'll see a photograph of an actress. 10 points for her name.

-Greta Garbo.

-No.

Anyone like to have a go from Clare College?

Margot Fonteyn?

No, it's Marlene Dietrich. Margot Fonteyn was a dancer.

Picture bonuses shortly. Meanings of what term include

in geology, a metamorphic process resulting from a decrease in temperature or pressure

and in astronomy a planet whose rotation is the opposite sense to its orbit?

-Is it retrograde?

-It is, yes.

Following on from the astonishingly unrecognised Marlene Dietrich,

you'll see photos of three prominent actresses from the so-called Golden Age of Hollywood.

5 points for each you can identify. Firstly...

-Come on. Let's have an answer.

-Pass.

-That's Jean Harlow. Secondly...

-Is that Joan Crawford?

-Nominate James.

-Joan Crawford?

-No, Bette Davis. And finally...

Mae West. Try Mae West. Is it Mae West?

It IS Mae West, yes!

10 points for this. Based on the findings of Stanley Milgram,

the concept known as the "small world phenomenon" inspired the title of which...?

-Six Degrees of Separation.

-Correct.

Your bonuses are on an English town. The name of which large town on the River Tees

is said to have originated in its position halfway between Whitby and Durham?

-Middlesbrough.

-Correct. Carrying a suspended gondola of passengers across the Tees in 90 seconds,

which conspicuous bridge forms part of the A178 between Middlesbrough and Hartlepool?

-Middlesbrough Transport Bridge.

-No, the Middlesbrough Transporter.

Opened in 1932, which construction in the Southern Hemisphere is built of steel components

-made in Middlesbrough?

-Sydney Harbour Bridge?

-Sydney Harbour Bridge?

-Correct. 10 points for this.

Which Shakespeare character is described by her father as, "so young and so untender"?

-Taming of the Shrew?

-Worcester?

-Cordelia.

-In King Lear, yes.

Your bonuses are on the year 1711. John Shore, Sergeant Trumpeter to the Court, is generally credited

with the invention of what two-pronged steel instrument in 1711?

-Quickly.

-Tuning fork?

-Correct.

"A little learning is a dangerous thing, drink deep or taste not the Pierian Spring."

This couplet appears in which work by Alexander Pope, first published in 1711?

-We don't know.

-Essay On Criticism.

Born in Edinburgh in 1711, which philosopher's works include A Treatise Of Human Nature

and Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion?

-Locke.

-No, David Hume. Denoting a colour, which soubriquet is often applied to the snap election of 1900

called by Lord Salisbury...

-Khaki.

-Khaki is correct.

Your bonuses are on geography. Give the next country you reach if you head due west

from the following capital cities. For example, Lisbon would give the answer USA.

First for 5 points, Kiev.

-Hungary?

-No, it's Poland. Secondly, Bangkok.

-Myanmar.

-Myanmar?

-Or Burma, yes.

And, finally, Cairo.

Cairo would be Libya.

-Libya?

-Correct. 10 points for this starter.

What is the two-word name of the publishing imprint that first appeared in 1946 with The Odyssey?

-Penguin Classics.

-Correct. These bonuses could give you the lead. They're on chemical elements.

The first three letters of which Group Two element form a word meaning unit of pressure?

-B-A-R.

-Er...

-Barium.

-Barium.

-I can't accept it. Barium is the answer and you said Bar.

The first four letters of which Group Three element form a word meaning "test the metre of a verse"?

-Scandium.

-Scandium is correct. The first five letters of which Group Seven element

form a word that means Japanese-style comic books?

-Manganese.

-Manganese.

-Is right.

Another starter question now. Answer as soon as you buzz.

What is the sum of the two largest double-digit prime numbers?

Sixteen.

No. Anyone from Worcester College?

Come on.

-177?

-No, it's 186. 10 points for this.

Defined by Edmund Burke as, "the strongest emotion which the mind is capable of feeling",

what concept was fundamental to 18th-century aesthetics and is...

-The sublime!

-The sublime is right, yes.

These could give you the lead. They're on English kings.

Which English king was defeated by the Scots at Bannockburn in 1314?

Er, 1314. It's...

Come on.

Er...

-Edward II.

-Edward II.

Correct. At which decisive battle in Gloucestershire in 1471 did Edward IV reclaim his throne?

-Tewkesbury.

-Correct. In August, 1346...

GONG

Well, that was a terrific contest and a very good performance, Worcester.

We will look forward, I imagine, to seeing you as one of the four highest-scoring losing teams.

Clare College, a terrific score. Well done. You left it pretty close, but it's a win nonetheless.

I hope you can join us next time. Until then, it's goodbye from Worcester College, Oxford,

goodbye from Clare College, Cambridge, and goodbye from me.

Subtitles by Subtext for Red Bee Media Ltd - 2011

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