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are celebrating the longest day of the year in the far north-west of | :00:11. | :00:14. | |
Scotland at the standing stones on the Isle of Lewis and there is more | :00:14. | :00:18. | |
daylight here on midsummer's day than almost anywhere else in | :00:18. | :00:23. | |
Britain. These enormous stones have looked out over the Atlantic for | :00:23. | :00:26. | |
5000 years and today, they attract visitors from far and wide. There | :00:26. | :00:30. | |
are kids come at Druids in the middle of the circle, all manner of | :00:30. | :00:37. | |
people and they will be here until the sunset 10:20pm. Before that, | :00:37. | :00:42. | |
here is what is coming up on Midsummer Live. I've been finding | :00:42. | :00:45. | |
out about the rare and beautiful clouds that can only be seen in | :00:45. | :00:55. | |
:00:55. | :00:56. | ||
summer. Quite ethereal, ghostlike, like angels. We will show you why | :00:56. | :00:59. | |
midsummer matters so much for our wildlife with Arctic terns, the | :01:00. | :01:07. | |
perpetual summer Bird, live from the Isle of May. The underwater words -- | :01:07. | :01:11. | |
world awakened by the midsummer warmth and light. And we will find | :01:11. | :01:16. | |
out if round the world cyclist Mark Beaumont can reach the West Coast in | :01:16. | :01:23. | |
time for sunset. Earlier in the evening we asked you to send us your | :01:23. | :01:26. | |
best Scottish sunset photos and we will bring you the best of those | :01:26. | :01:35. | |
later on. It is not too late to join in. Tweet your photos. Or go to our | :01:35. | :01:44. | |
website. Judith Ralston is in Glasgow and is watching the forecast | :01:44. | :01:49. | |
for us. What do you reckon? Is there any chance this guys behind us will | :01:49. | :01:53. | |
clear and we will see the sun setting? -- disguise behind it all | :01:53. | :01:59. | |
clear? I am living in hope. I am sure you have seen hints of | :01:59. | :02:01. | |
brightness across Lewis at the moment but it is a cloudy affair and | :02:02. | :02:11. | |
:02:12. | :02:12. | ||
it looks like staying that way until eastern Scotland at the moment, | :02:12. | :02:15. | |
particularly on the east coast. We are looking at fine sunshine across | :02:15. | :02:22. | |
the Isle of May. You can see the likes of eastern borders, Angus and | :02:23. | :02:32. | |
:02:33. | :02:34. | ||
Aberdeenshire, some fine sunsets 10:23pm this evening. There is lots | :02:34. | :02:44. | |
:02:44. | :02:59. | ||
to look forward to. Stay with us on get to. It took me about a day. It | :03:00. | :03:05. | |
does not put off people who make a special trip here at midsummer. | :03:05. | :03:09. | |
Cecilia and Alex have come from Australia. Why have you come so far? | :03:09. | :03:12. | |
To escape the Australian winter and the shortest day of the year in | :03:12. | :03:17. | |
Australia. You have come to the other side of the world. What sort | :03:17. | :03:21. | |
of daylight length do you get in Australia? Very short. Sunset would | :03:21. | :03:28. | |
be around 5pm. Get out of work and it is dark already so it is nice to | :03:28. | :03:32. | |
be here. Lots of light, thanks for coming all this way. All the way | :03:32. | :03:37. | |
from Australia! That is a fair old journey and it is not just humans | :03:37. | :03:42. | |
that like to celebrate midsummer. At this time of year the landscape is | :03:42. | :03:46. | |
alive with wildlife. At Edinburgh's botanic Garden, Hermione is helping | :03:46. | :03:52. | |
to discover just how much wildlife can be found there. | :03:52. | :03:56. | |
Thanks, the BioBlitz people have been busy all over the gardens and | :03:56. | :04:01. | |
after just three hours we are already up at 112 species. We are | :04:01. | :04:07. | |
here at one of the six ponds in the botanic Gardens. You are a wetland | :04:07. | :04:10. | |
ecologist. It's midsummer at the time to be looking into our ponds | :04:10. | :04:14. | |
for wildlife question might Absolutely, it is the perfect -- | :04:14. | :04:19. | |
perfect time to investigate biodiversity. The water gets a | :04:19. | :04:23. | |
chance to warm up and everything gets going. We have a lot of things | :04:23. | :04:30. | |
reproducing. You can find adults and the offspring. You have had a lot of | :04:30. | :04:37. | |
help from volunteers. Including these two. It looks exciting here. | :04:37. | :04:42. | |
Tell us about some of the things you have fished out? In this tank we | :04:42. | :04:49. | |
have a female smooth newt and one of the babies as well. This is one of | :04:49. | :04:55. | |
the pond's top predators. We have also got met of more phasing | :04:55. | :05:00. | |
tadpoles that are starting to sprout legs. What does finding it's like | :05:00. | :05:05. | |
this tell you about the pond? diverse. They rely on different | :05:05. | :05:11. | |
things to eat so it shows we have a healthy pond. Do you think it has | :05:11. | :05:17. | |
caught up from the cold spring? would say so. Our species county is | :05:17. | :05:22. | |
quite high. A lot of the larval forms are a bit more stunted than we | :05:22. | :05:26. | |
would expect at this time, so maybe a bit more slow. This tray is | :05:26. | :05:30. | |
teeming with life. You have something that looks interesting in | :05:30. | :05:36. | |
a jar? This is an adult diving beetle. They are able to move and | :05:36. | :05:39. | |
fly to different ponds but we have found the larval form today as well | :05:39. | :05:44. | |
and they are predatory. The larval form feeds through its tail on the | :05:44. | :05:49. | |
surface of the water and they have been jaws. They grab hold of | :05:49. | :05:53. | |
tadpoles and digests them. They are fierce. It sounds gruesome. In the | :05:53. | :05:58. | |
trachea there is just so many different things -- in the tray | :05:58. | :06:08. | |
:06:08. | :06:08. | ||
here. What is that? We had a leech on screen. That was rams horn Smale, | :06:08. | :06:18. | |
her before in the pond. We have a water boatman in front of it. It is | :06:18. | :06:24. | |
disappearing off! Everything is being camera shy. See if we can get | :06:24. | :06:31. | |
the leech again. I love it. sorts of things, really busy. | :06:31. | :06:34. | |
what you have found, what do you think the count, the additional | :06:34. | :06:42. | |
count of the BioBlitz might be? did we get to, boys? 20. | :06:42. | :06:47. | |
brilliant. All the insects are important food source for lots ofs | :06:48. | :06:51. | |
other animals like bats. The critical thing for bats is there | :06:51. | :06:55. | |
going to be lots of insects around so they can build themselves up. So | :06:55. | :07:05. | |
:07:05. | :07:13. | ||
today. But overall 2013 has been pretty challenging weather-wise. | :07:13. | :07:19. | |
Hibernating animals like bats woke up to a nasty shock. One of the | :07:19. | :07:25. | |
coldest spring is on record. When they emerge from winter roosts, bats | :07:25. | :07:29. | |
need to fill up on insects straightaway. If it is cold and food | :07:29. | :07:37. | |
is scarce they can starve. Hessilhead Wildlife Rescue Centre | :07:37. | :07:39. | |
Eun Ayrshire received a record number of spring casualties this | :07:39. | :07:46. | |
year. I am not surprised -- and not surprisingly, many of them were | :07:46. | :07:50. | |
malnourished bats. Dave O'Reilly has the job of preparing them to go back | :07:50. | :07:56. | |
into the wild. I went along to see how a female pipistrelle bat was | :07:56. | :08:01. | |
doing. She is pretty lively. Yes, she has woken up with the heat in | :08:01. | :08:06. | |
here. She is quite active. She looks like she's trembling almost. Is that | :08:06. | :08:10. | |
normal? What they need to do when they first wake up is generate body | :08:10. | :08:15. | |
heat to take off. If you give her a chance she would fly around the | :08:15. | :08:19. | |
room. Usually they are quite laid-back animals. How do we know if | :08:19. | :08:25. | |
she is ready? What we do is weigh her, check her wait and see if she's | :08:25. | :08:32. | |
ready to go. Put her in head first. Headfirst. She's nearly six grams, | :08:32. | :08:36. | |
which is quite good. She was only for Mac programmes when she came in | :08:36. | :08:41. | |
and she should be between five and six grams, so she has put on a | :08:41. | :08:46. | |
couple of grams. What about her wings? Will she be all right flying? | :08:46. | :08:51. | |
We will check her to make sure there are no small holes to stop are | :08:51. | :08:55. | |
flying and see what type of back she is. You can see the veins running | :08:55. | :09:02. | |
along their, it is a common bit --, pipistrelle. What do you feed them | :09:02. | :09:07. | |
at the hospital? We give the meal worms. Oh, yes, instantly.She's | :09:07. | :09:15. | |
quite hungry. How many of these mealworms will she eat in a day? | :09:15. | :09:20. | |
to 12, compared to 2000 midges in a night it is easier to give them ten | :09:20. | :09:24. | |
mealworms. I would not fancy catching 2000 bridges to try to feed | :09:24. | :09:29. | |
her! Are you confident she is ready to go back in the wild? She should | :09:29. | :09:34. | |
fly OK, she is strong, she is a good weight, she is eating well and she | :09:34. | :09:38. | |
should go easily. Bats must be released back into the same area | :09:38. | :09:45. | |
they were rescued from. Our bat was picked up Culzean Castle on the | :09:45. | :09:50. | |
Ayrshire coast. The old buildings, mature trees and ornamental lakes | :09:50. | :09:59. | |
here make up a perfect bat habitat. Heather Lowther is a ranger | :09:59. | :10:04. | |
naturalist in the country park equipped with her detector, she | :10:04. | :10:10. | |
surveys the bat population throughout the summer. It was | :10:10. | :10:13. | |
Heather that originally found the female pipistrelle when it flew | :10:13. | :10:17. | |
exhausted into the castle's restaurant. Let me reunite you with | :10:17. | :10:23. | |
your friend. This should be a good spot to release her then? This is | :10:23. | :10:27. | |
perfect, around here is perfect. We know we have a number of pipistrelle | :10:27. | :10:31. | |
roosts in the buildings round here so she will be fine. What are the | :10:31. | :10:36. | |
bats doing the summer? Just now they have the big maternity roosts so the | :10:36. | :10:40. | |
mums get together and have babies and later in August the babies will | :10:40. | :10:44. | |
fly off so they have different roosts at different times of year. | :10:44. | :10:54. | |
:10:54. | :11:07. | ||
Do you think this bat will join a started to emerge. Heather's | :11:07. | :11:14. | |
detector picked up their ultrasonic clicks. This is it. It was the | :11:14. | :11:23. | |
perfect time to release our bat. She is already giving out signals, | :11:23. | :11:28. | |
working out what is going on around her. That is brilliant! She is right | :11:28. | :11:37. | |
above her head -- our heads, can you see her wings? She is coming back. | :11:37. | :11:42. | |
Oh, fantastic! You don't get better than that, it was amazing. Very | :11:42. | :11:52. | |
:11:52. | :11:58. | ||
is one of more than 1000 across the British Isles. Scotland is littered | :11:58. | :12:03. | |
with them. Just across the bay there are at least two of the stone | :12:03. | :12:06. | |
circles but why were these sites bills? What did our ancestors used | :12:06. | :12:11. | |
them for? Dougie has been meeting the experts to find out the latest | :12:11. | :12:21. | |
:12:21. | :12:22. | ||
Today, with all our modern technology, many others have lost | :12:22. | :12:28. | |
our connection to nature. -- many of us have lost our connection to | :12:28. | :12:32. | |
nature. But 5000 years ago when these stones went up our ancestors' | :12:32. | :12:37. | |
lives would have been intricately linked with the natural world. These | :12:37. | :12:41. | |
stones are clearly carefully positioned. They must have had some | :12:41. | :12:50. | |
meaning. But what was it? Perhaps other prehistoric sites can give us | :12:50. | :12:56. | |
a clue. Clive Ruggles is Britain's only professor of archaeologist -- | :12:56. | :13:01. | |
of archeoastronomy, the study of how our ancestors understood the sky. He | :13:01. | :13:05. | |
has brought me to burial tombs at Culloden, near Inverness. Beautiful | :13:05. | :13:11. | |
dry stone work and you have to imagine it being continued up and | :13:11. | :13:17. | |
the whole thing being roofed over and we have a passage going off in | :13:17. | :13:23. | |
this direction to get in and out. That would have been covered, so it | :13:23. | :13:28. | |
was still in its original state you would be crawling through it. | :13:28. | :13:32. | |
is the significance of the passageway? The significant thing is | :13:32. | :13:35. | |
when you look along the passage and it is aligned with another one of | :13:35. | :13:41. | |
these cairns, just over there, it is aligned in the direction of where | :13:41. | :13:47. | |
the sun sets at midwinter. The shortest day of the year. It is the | :13:47. | :13:53. | |
similar story at the most studied stone circle, Stonehenge, built | :13:53. | :13:59. | |
around the same time as Callanish. Researchers have recently completed | :13:59. | :14:04. | |
the most accurate scan Stonehenge ever done. They have plotted every | :14:04. | :14:12. | |
lump on and on the Stones' surfaces, down to half a millimetre. It has | :14:12. | :14:15. | |
revealed just how important midwinter and midsummer were to its | :14:15. | :14:22. | |
builders. The stones that framed the solstices have been given a lot more | :14:22. | :14:29. | |
attention than others. The latest scan allows us to look in lots of | :14:29. | :14:34. | |
detail. This is stone 56, the tallest surviving on site. It forms | :14:34. | :14:39. | |
one half of the great trilithon which stands at the end in a | :14:39. | :14:42. | |
horseshoe. It would have had a pair that stood here next to it. You can | :14:42. | :14:47. | |
see that very straight side. It has been incredibly carefully shaped to | :14:47. | :14:54. | |
be a very straight line, and it would have formed one side of the | :14:54. | :14:57. | |
frame through which the midwinter sun would have been viewed from the | :14:57. | :15:01. | |
middle of the stone circle. proof that Stonehenge was built to | :15:01. | :15:05. | |
align with the movements of the sun is overwhelming. And here at | :15:05. | :15:14. | |
Callanish, the evidence points to an alignment of a different kind. The | :15:14. | :15:22. | |
49 stones are arranged in a slightly offset cross shape. Two of the four | :15:22. | :15:26. | |
Rose lead out of the circle. One points roughly East and the other | :15:26. | :15:36. | |
:15:36. | :15:39. | ||
West. That one there is pretty much juice South. -- you South. However, | :15:39. | :15:44. | |
the Northern Avenue is slightly skewed. Some scholars believe that | :15:44. | :15:53. | |
is the key to understanding this whole monument. Why would that | :15:53. | :16:00. | |
Avenue be slightly offset? It is thought it points to a rare and | :16:00. | :16:08. | |
lunar event. The cycle of the moon is complex. Every 18 and a half | :16:08. | :16:15. | |
years, a lunar standstill occurs. This is when the moon, in a certain | :16:15. | :16:22. | |
phase of its cycle, barely seems to make it above the horizon. One | :16:22. | :16:30. | |
theory is that all this was built to track that lunar event. When the | :16:30. | :16:36. | |
moon is doing its special date once every 18.6 years, you will see the | :16:36. | :16:41. | |
moon rising very low on the horizon, just skimming above it about two | :16:41. | :16:46. | |
degrees, dipping down below that rocky outcrop and then coming out | :16:46. | :16:54. | |
again and seeming to fill the stone circle. But not everyone buys this | :16:54. | :17:02. | |
theory. Professor Bill Ruggles has his doubts. It could be people were | :17:02. | :17:06. | |
interested in looking at the full moon closest to the June solstice, | :17:06. | :17:10. | |
around that time. If people were looking at it then they may have | :17:10. | :17:15. | |
spotted the moon then and maybe aligned that. But I do not think | :17:15. | :17:20. | |
people were making accurate observations of the moon over a | :17:20. | :17:27. | |
generation or two to get the alignment exactly right. Said the | :17:27. | :17:32. | |
debate continues about what alignment Callanish has if any. What | :17:32. | :17:37. | |
Clive is sure of, however, is that the carefully constructed monuments | :17:37. | :17:43. | |
did have ritual significance. are not places where people were | :17:43. | :17:48. | |
living, for example. They were either congregating here for special | :17:48. | :17:53. | |
occasions, or they were places to bury the dead. So these are the | :17:53. | :18:02. | |
things that have sacred significance. With no written | :18:02. | :18:06. | |
records and archaeology only revealing tantalising clues, we can | :18:06. | :18:10. | |
never be certain why our ancestors chose to build this magnificent | :18:10. | :18:20. | |
:18:20. | :18:21. | ||
monument. These stones will hold the secrets. | :18:21. | :18:27. | |
If only the stones could speak. We have extremely rare footage of a | :18:27. | :18:33. | |
lunar standstill films in 2006 by cameraman Jim Hope. It is shot from | :18:33. | :18:36. | |
here on Callanish. There are no stones in the foreground. They were | :18:36. | :18:41. | |
behind the cameraman. You can just see the moon skimming along the | :18:41. | :18:46. | |
curves of the mountain 's. That is known as the sleeping giant. You can | :18:46. | :18:52. | |
see it there, very slowly skimming over the top. It finally goes down | :18:52. | :19:01. | |
and disappears behind the mountain. Absolutely fantastic. The bad news, | :19:01. | :19:06. | |
you will not see that again until 2024. Ellie has gone for a wander to | :19:06. | :19:12. | |
the shore. Have you got your feet wet? I have my boots on and the tide | :19:12. | :19:18. | |
is out so I am doing OK but I have come down to the short to show you | :19:18. | :19:22. | |
it is not just live on land that takes advantage of these long days. | :19:22. | :19:26. | |
Down here I can give you an example of marine life that does that, too. | :19:26. | :19:32. | |
This is algae. People often call this blood Iraq that it is in fact | :19:32. | :19:42. | |
:19:42. | :19:48. | ||
not to crack. -- bladderwrack, but it is knotted wrack. Hermione now | :19:48. | :19:58. | |
picks up the story. For top underwater cameraman Doug | :19:58. | :20:05. | |
Anderson, summer meets Lamlash Bay in the Isle of Arran. He learned to | :20:05. | :20:09. | |
guys here as a boy and pays a return visit every year. -- he learnt | :20:09. | :20:16. | |
diving. This is a special place thanks to the work of people like | :20:16. | :20:22. | |
these. Lamlash Bay has become a place where underwater life can | :20:22. | :20:27. | |
recover and flourish. There is no better time to experience it than | :20:27. | :20:35. | |
midsummer. The effect of summer in the sea in Scotland is profound. It | :20:35. | :20:43. | |
is marked by a bloom, which is literally that. The ocean goes from | :20:43. | :20:49. | |
a slate grey colour to vibrant green as the phytoplankton multiply | :20:49. | :20:57. | |
exponentially in number. That is a start. That really is the battery | :20:57. | :21:05. | |
for all life underwater on the West Coast of Scotland. I love coming | :21:05. | :21:10. | |
back here and snorkelling. It is the way I explored this area when I was | :21:10. | :21:16. | |
a boy, and there is something simple and beautiful about exploring | :21:16. | :21:23. | |
particularly a temperate region like this with just a mask and snorkel. | :21:23. | :21:29. | |
It is very quiet and you can cover a lot of area. Tiny lines mean | :21:29. | :21:35. | |
jellyfish the size of your thumbnail. By the end of summer, you | :21:35. | :21:40. | |
can get them the size of dustbin lids, with tentacles may be 30 or 40 | :21:40. | :21:45. | |
feet long. They are just extraordinary. Watching them pulls | :21:45. | :21:53. | |
against the light in late summer. They are ill feeding machines. You | :21:53. | :22:00. | |
certainly do not want to get stung by them. It is really super fun to | :22:00. | :22:07. | |
start exploring the kelp forests. The kelp fronds form the trunks of | :22:07. | :22:10. | |
the trees and then plays out into these canopy. Just like a forest, | :22:10. | :22:17. | |
you can get underneath it as a free diver and explore the forest floor. | :22:17. | :22:24. | |
It is very beautiful. The shafts of light come through and illuminate | :22:24. | :22:28. | |
parts of it in the darkness. An amazing little story to play out | :22:28. | :22:34. | |
here. Common to see octopus in Lamlash Bay, and if you get a good | :22:34. | :22:37. | |
one, one that kind of accepts you, if you get your approach right when | :22:37. | :22:43. | |
you are diving, and it's easy as a piece of furniture rather than a | :22:43. | :22:48. | |
threat, then they carry on doing what they do. Mostly what they are | :22:48. | :22:54. | |
after all these little squat lobsters. They call along the bottom | :22:54. | :22:59. | |
and get into cracks and crevices and tried to find these things. It is | :22:59. | :23:09. | |
:23:09. | :23:14. | ||
great fun watching the hunt. Also in these rocky ledges it is a great | :23:14. | :23:18. | |
place to find cuckoo wrasse. They are a real Scottish treat | :23:18. | :23:24. | |
underwater. They are and as your blue and the females are a kind of | :23:24. | :23:30. | |
ochre orange colour. The interesting thing about them in Scotland is they | :23:30. | :23:36. | |
are one of arts exchange fish. A female will be female for years and | :23:36. | :23:42. | |
then we'll decide to be a mail and turn from this orange colour into | :23:42. | :23:52. | |
:23:52. | :24:03. | ||
this blue and will get much bigger Seeing these in the shallows is | :24:03. | :24:08. | |
really hopeful. Maybe not for me but for my children there might be a | :24:08. | :24:16. | |
point where they can come back and enjoy this place and, not in the | :24:16. | :24:22. | |
know-take zone, but close by, catch themselves cot for supper in the way | :24:22. | :24:32. | |
:24:32. | :24:37. | ||
that I did when I was a boy. -- cod. Just less than an hour until sunset | :24:37. | :24:41. | |
and the pipes are playing in the background. You'll Scottish sunset | :24:41. | :24:45. | |
photographs have been coming in. We will be looking at some later in the | :24:45. | :24:51. | |
evening. How do you capture the best sunset? Our photographer Colin is | :24:51. | :24:57. | |
joining us now. What do we need to capture a sunset? When it starts | :24:57. | :25:02. | |
getting a little darker like this I would say you need a tripod and a | :25:02. | :25:06. | |
shutter release. You have a fancy camera. Is that important? Ann not | :25:06. | :25:13. | |
really. You could do it with a phone, any kind of camera. | :25:13. | :25:20. | |
This is a pretty special place for you? It is different every time you | :25:20. | :25:25. | |
come over. You never get the same picture twice. Is it important for | :25:25. | :25:32. | |
you to get some sort of foreground in your photographs? Yes.We are | :25:32. | :25:36. | |
looking at some of your photographs and that is truly spectacular. That | :25:36. | :25:40. | |
looks like a glass ball. What are you thinking about when you are | :25:40. | :25:45. | |
making photographs like that? trying to get a different take on | :25:45. | :25:50. | |
the place, get it from a different angle. Thank you for joining us. I | :25:50. | :25:56. | |
am intrigued. An incredible thing. Ellie, you are back and your feet | :25:56. | :26:05. | |
dry. I have brought you a memento. Matches my hair! If you are out and | :26:05. | :26:08. | |
about with your camera, there is one special thing to look out for in | :26:08. | :26:18. | |
:26:18. | :26:23. | ||
midsummer after the sun has set. I There is a strange spectacle in our | :26:23. | :26:31. | |
summer skies. It has a band of dedicated followers. John Rowlands | :26:31. | :26:38. | |
is one of them. He is scanning the heavens for a mysterious serial | :26:38. | :26:48. | |
:26:48. | :26:48. | ||
phenomenon. Something he first caught a glimpse of as a young man. | :26:48. | :26:53. | |
I was waking up in the middle of the night in the summer when I was a | :26:53. | :26:58. | |
teenager and I had a north facing window. I would notice strange old | :26:58. | :27:05. | |
and wisps on the northern horizon, quite striking and unusual. -- | :27:05. | :27:12. | |
Golden wisps. I found out they were noctilucent clouds. Noctilucent | :27:12. | :27:18. | |
clouds only appear after sunset. They are the highest and most | :27:18. | :27:22. | |
elusive clouds we have, forming 50 miles above the Earth, beyond the | :27:22. | :27:32. | |
:27:32. | :27:36. | ||
stuff... Professor Nick Mitchell from the University of after studies | :27:36. | :27:40. | |
the outer layers of the atmosphere, where these ethereal clouds form. To | :27:40. | :27:47. | |
show me why they can only see scene -- be seen at night, he has come up | :27:47. | :27:51. | |
with something impressive. It has taken every ounce of his scientific | :27:51. | :28:01. | |
:28:01. | :28:04. | ||
inflatable I have ever seen. It is impressive. So you have been hard at | :28:04. | :28:09. | |
work with the cotton wool? Remark a work of creative genius! This is a | :28:09. | :28:18. | |
fundamental trait in to illustrate how it is. -- this is a fun | :28:18. | :28:21. | |
illustration to demonstrate how it is. These fluffy clouds represent | :28:21. | :28:29. | |
the lower atmosphere clouds. These are a mile above the surface of the | :28:29. | :28:36. | |
Earth. Much higher up is our noctilucent clouds, a thin layer of | :28:36. | :28:44. | |
cloud. To mimic the sunset from my perspective, Nick is going to use a | :28:44. | :28:49. | |
light to recreate the motion of the sun across the sky. During the | :28:49. | :28:53. | |
daytime, the sun is shining down on the surface of the Earth, | :28:53. | :28:57. | |
illuminating our fluffy cloud in the lower atmosphere. The noctilucent | :28:57. | :29:04. | |
clouds present during the daytime but this time -- but the sun is so | :29:04. | :29:14. | |
:29:14. | :29:18. | ||
bright we cannot see it. Slowly, the lower atmosphere cloud moves into | :29:18. | :29:22. | |
shadow, the sun goes down below the horizon from your perspectives. The | :29:22. | :29:27. | |
noctilucent cloud is still little brightly by the sun. It is all about | :29:27. | :29:30. | |
the height difference. The noctilucent cloud is so much | :29:30. | :29:37. | |
higher, the sun still illuminates it long after the sun has set. They are | :29:37. | :29:44. | |
wonderful things. They are ideal post-pub entertainment. For the | :29:44. | :29:51. | |
stagger home? Yes.For these clouds to form, both water vapour and dust | :29:51. | :29:55. | |
particles must be present in the atmosphere and it has to be | :29:55. | :30:00. | |
extremely cold. 50 miles up, the atmosphere is actually at its | :30:00. | :30:05. | |
coldest in the summer with temperatures as low as minus 130 | :30:05. | :30:15. | |
:30:15. | :30:25. | ||
Celsius. That is why we only see noctilucent clouds is that you have | :30:25. | :30:28. | |
to be up after midnight. The total number of hours that I lose in a | :30:28. | :30:33. | |
season from the end of May until the beginning of August is about 120 | :30:33. | :30:38. | |
hours, the equivalent of an entire week's worth of sleep that is lost. | :30:38. | :30:43. | |
That part is very difficult to cope with. But for John, the chance to | :30:43. | :30:53. | |
:30:53. | :31:00. | ||
capture their beauty keeps drawing -- if serial. They take on strange | :31:00. | :31:07. | |
forms. They have strange wave formations in them. They range from | :31:07. | :31:16. | |
red to orange to white, to a colour called Electric blue. They appear | :31:16. | :31:26. | |
:31:26. | :31:34. | ||
never heard of them before but they look incredible. We are in a good | :31:34. | :31:37. | |
spot to see them. Any further south, you can't see them and any further | :31:37. | :31:41. | |
north, the sun never gets low enough. We are in the sweet spot | :31:41. | :31:46. | |
right here? We are in the sweet spot and it is a good time to see them | :31:46. | :31:52. | |
because we are getting lots of photos of them. We have this one of | :31:52. | :31:56. | |
the sun setting over the sea from Allen, in Murray. This is from | :31:56. | :32:00. | |
Stephen Hagan, who spotted noctilucent clouds in Glasgow. | :32:00. | :32:07. | |
Douglas Cooper took this shot, it shows the clouds over Bute. Really | :32:07. | :32:14. | |
amazing. I never come back that late. We are going to go back to | :32:14. | :32:17. | |
Edinburgh's botanic garden where Hermione is helping to record as | :32:17. | :32:20. | |
many species as possible. What are the scores on the doors this | :32:20. | :32:28. | |
evening? Well, we are now up to a rather impressive 209 species. But | :32:28. | :32:32. | |
as the light fades on the longest day of the year that is exactly when | :32:32. | :32:37. | |
some of our more mysterious winged creatures come out. I am joined by | :32:37. | :32:40. | |
Barry Prater from Butterfly Conservation. You are going to be | :32:40. | :32:45. | |
moth trapping in the Gardens tonight? Yes, we are. We will use a | :32:45. | :32:48. | |
bright light to attract moths and some will fall into the container | :32:48. | :32:51. | |
below and we'll stay there safely until we opened it up and | :32:51. | :32:56. | |
investigate what they are and add them to the BioBlitz numbers. | :32:56. | :33:03. | |
midsummer, is it a good time for moth numbers? Yes, it is warm. Moths | :33:04. | :33:07. | |
are cold-blooded animals and they are more active when it is warm. The | :33:07. | :33:11. | |
summer months are better for them than the winter. Tonight's moth | :33:11. | :33:14. | |
trapping, could it add a significant number of species to the BioBlitz | :33:14. | :33:20. | |
count? I think it could, yes. Across Britain we have about 2500 species | :33:20. | :33:25. | |
of moss. Not all in Scotland, but there are a lot here but your | :33:25. | :33:30. | |
average suburban garden providing there are trees and plants will have | :33:30. | :33:34. | |
about 150 different species visiting each year or more which amazes most | :33:34. | :33:40. | |
people. The contents of this track will be set up tomorrow and -- will | :33:40. | :33:45. | |
be counted tomorrow and added to the BioBlitz. You set up a trip trap | :33:45. | :33:53. | |
yesterday, let's see what you got? Full of moss. What are these?This | :33:53. | :34:00. | |
is a poplar hawk moth. It is harmless, it does not feed itself. | :34:00. | :34:05. | |
Only its caterpillar feeds. That is stunning, fantastic. You have a | :34:05. | :34:09. | |
bright yellow one? Why Bobby that is a brimstone moth. It is named after | :34:09. | :34:17. | |
the colour yellow. We have a peppered moth. A black and white | :34:17. | :34:23. | |
colour, very interesting because in the days when the air in cities were | :34:23. | :34:27. | |
polluted with salt, a black form evolved and that lack form could sit | :34:27. | :34:31. | |
on tree trunks and become lodged and be safe from predatory birds. Now, | :34:31. | :34:38. | |
they are all like that. Air quality is a lot better. Having cast your | :34:38. | :34:42. | |
eye over this, how many different species do you think you have got in | :34:42. | :34:51. | |
this trap? 50, is my guess.50! Moth new! If you had a similar number | :34:51. | :34:58. | |
from tonight's trap, it will be a fantastic addition to the BioBlitz. | :34:58. | :35:01. | |
All the BioBlitz volunteers will be recording from now until six o'clock | :35:01. | :35:05. | |
tomorrow evening and if you want to go to the total count, go to our | :35:05. | :35:11. | |
website, bbc.co.uk/midsummerlive. If you were in bed when things | :35:11. | :35:15. | |
started going bump in the night you might be worried but for one man it | :35:15. | :35:25. | |
:35:25. | :35:33. | ||
is music to his ears. Especially at For naturalist Al Jackson, summer is | :35:33. | :35:40. | |
the best time of year. -- Bill Jackson. The light is perfect for | :35:40. | :35:50. | |
:35:50. | :35:50. | ||
painting. It is ideal for photography. But above all it is in | :35:50. | :35:56. | |
the summer that Bill's unusual launcher moves back into his house. | :35:56. | :36:01. | |
-- lodger. I thought they were a bit heavy for mice, they went bump bump | :36:01. | :36:11. | |
bump on the panels upstairs. Then bump bump bump over the bathroom. | :36:11. | :36:17. | |
Then banging around the slopes at the end of the house. Then the next | :36:18. | :36:27. | |
thing is sliding down roof panels. I knew then I was onto a good thing. | :36:27. | :36:35. | |
We had a pine marten resident. Then a few months later the kits sound, | :36:35. | :36:43. | |
which when referred -- when we first heard the kits was unbelievable. She | :36:43. | :36:50. | |
is coming in feed them, suckling the kits above the bathroom. Fixed up | :36:51. | :37:00. | |
cameras all over the place, these little camera traps. There she is. | :37:00. | :37:04. | |
That is her way in and out of the den. At the flat roof, across the | :37:04. | :37:11. | |
windowsill, up the pipes, into this, which runs into the main roof and up | :37:11. | :37:17. | |
through ventilator. She will sit there with her paws over the end | :37:17. | :37:26. | |
watching us. She watches everything. She does not like crows. I thought, | :37:26. | :37:33. | |
you crafty bisom. That is what she does. She has three spots on her bib | :37:33. | :37:38. | |
which are noted -- noticeable, even more so when she is wet. When she is | :37:38. | :37:44. | |
where they stand out strongly. The mail still comes back and he shows | :37:44. | :37:49. | |
up about 10:30pm. She has had her kits, she will be into breeding | :37:49. | :37:54. | |
again and he will be intimating, certainly. He demolishes all the | :37:54. | :37:59. | |
peanuts which she has left. She is now into black treacle and bananas. | :37:59. | :38:05. | |
If any pine marten people want to experience seeing a pine marten at | :38:05. | :38:09. | |
enjoying herself, cut up half a banana and watch the antics. She | :38:09. | :38:17. | |
loves it. The secret is not to just put them out in a lump. Spread them | :38:17. | :38:25. | |
and rub them into the logs, which means she will be there for a while. | :38:25. | :38:29. | |
Sometimes there will be 20 or 30 birds out there feeding and they | :38:29. | :38:34. | |
will up and off in a flash. Especially the woodpecker. The | :38:34. | :38:40. | |
woodpecker, when feeding, the minute she looks up she is on the roof and | :38:40. | :38:50. | |
:38:50. | :39:14. | ||
that is the sign for get ready, get have a home like she has got. It is | :39:14. | :39:18. | |
well insulated, lovely and warm, food is provided for her. The burn | :39:18. | :39:23. | |
is there if she wants a drink. There is times when you really think, I've | :39:23. | :39:28. | |
been sitting here four days watching this and all she is doing is looking | :39:28. | :39:34. | |
back at me and thinking, he is still there! Hopefully, before the end of | :39:34. | :39:39. | |
this month is out, we will have the kits out on that long and prancing | :39:39. | :39:44. | |
around the lawn with her. It will be nice if she acts normal and they | :39:44. | :39:46. | |
follow her down and we get the whole family party. That would be | :39:46. | :39:54. | |
something. The latest news from Bill is that the kits are still in the | :39:54. | :39:58. | |
nest but he has just sent us this photo showing the mother taking some | :39:58. | :40:03. | |
food back for the kits. It looks like she has got all in the picture. | :40:03. | :40:08. | |
The kits are about six weeks old and growing fast so she has got her work | :40:08. | :40:12. | |
cut out just to keep them fed. course, there are people who have | :40:12. | :40:15. | |
travelled massive distances to be here for some from across Scotland, | :40:15. | :40:22. | |
Europe and the world. But none of them have managed to travel as far | :40:22. | :40:26. | |
as the Arctic tern. These birds cover 22,000 miles travelling all | :40:26. | :40:29. | |
the way from the Antarctic to spend summer in one of Britain's biggest | :40:29. | :40:34. | |
seabird colonies in the Isle of May where it looks like they are | :40:34. | :40:38. | |
attacking Catriona Shearer! Are you all right there? My goodness! | :40:38. | :40:44. | |
think so! I am just about OK. I have got Mike at and had up and I really | :40:44. | :40:48. | |
do need me because there are 200 pairs of nesting Arctic terns here | :40:48. | :40:52. | |
on the island. Most of which seems to be dive-bombingknow me, as you | :40:52. | :40:57. | |
can see. This is normal behaviour because they are being protective | :40:57. | :41:02. | |
parents. The nests are either side of the pathway, hence they are | :41:02. | :41:07. | |
dive-bombingknow me. These birds go to extreme lengths to enjoy long | :41:07. | :41:12. | |
days. They love the sun and they have the longest migratory route of | :41:12. | :41:18. | |
any animal. Unsurprising lay, they would like to experience two some of | :41:18. | :41:22. | |
the year, first in the southern hemisphere and then in the north, | :41:22. | :41:26. | |
sometimes as far as the Arctic and they filed. -- they find themselves | :41:26. | :41:31. | |
on the Isle of May. Dave Pickett is the reserve manager here and he has | :41:31. | :41:37. | |
to ensure the terns's stay is as pleasant as possible. They are | :41:37. | :41:41. | |
feisty, aren't they? They are giving you a good going over, they are | :41:41. | :41:47. | |
working as a team. Their nests are depressions in the sand and that is | :41:47. | :41:50. | |
where they have their eggs and chicks. We saw some earlier, they | :41:50. | :41:54. | |
hatched this morning. They are vulnerable to predators? That is | :41:54. | :41:58. | |
right. Their biggest problem is the polls on the island and they will | :41:58. | :42:02. | |
swoop in. They are all around the terns, they will take the eggs and | :42:02. | :42:06. | |
chicks easily and stop them from breeding successfully. You have been | :42:06. | :42:11. | |
putting measures in praise to keep them safe from the polls. What have | :42:11. | :42:17. | |
you been doing? We manage the visitors, we do it tern watches and | :42:17. | :42:22. | |
put in nesting platforms which form a mosaic within the red -- within | :42:22. | :42:28. | |
the vegetation. We put in garden canes, which act like barrage | :42:28. | :42:34. | |
balloons and they protect the terns from gulls swooping in. How has that | :42:34. | :42:39. | |
been working? It has been successful. We have twice as many | :42:39. | :42:43. | |
pairs on the island this year. So far, so good. Is it true that the | :42:43. | :42:48. | |
same bird comes back with the same partner? With the same place | :42:48. | :42:52. | |
question mark There is a percentage of the divorce rate but generally | :42:52. | :42:56. | |
they meet up with the same partner in the same colony. That is great | :42:56. | :43:01. | |
news about the numbers and we are both wearing hats because we need | :43:01. | :43:05. | |
them, everyone is subjected to it but the Arctic terns what is | :43:05. | :43:10. | |
enjoying what is left on the Isle of May of the sunlight and we hope you | :43:10. | :43:15. | |
are too. It is not only birds who are nesting | :43:15. | :43:19. | |
at midsummer. Earlier today a couple came to Callanish for the most | :43:19. | :43:23. | |
special day of their lives. They travelled all the way from | :43:23. | :43:33. | |
:43:33. | :43:35. | ||
Switzerland to get married amongst the stones. | :43:35. | :43:41. | |
These are my hand. Congratulations. Why did you get | :43:41. | :43:47. | |
choose to get married on midsummer 's day? We love special days for | :43:47. | :43:53. | |
special occasions and we choose to come here because we were here two | :43:53. | :43:58. | |
years ago, where we exchanged rings for the first time. We wanted a | :43:58. | :44:03. | |
special place for this marriage. It was a surprise for my wife. She did | :44:03. | :44:10. | |
not know until today that we would hear. Incredible. What did you think | :44:10. | :44:18. | |
when you found out? I thought it was the right place to say yes. I am | :44:18. | :44:22. | |
sorry about the weather but it has a moving atmosphere. It is Scottish | :44:22. | :44:29. | |
weather. Congratulations. We wish them the best of luck. | :44:29. | :44:38. | |
Earlier this evening, we saw a round the world adventure and cyclist set | :44:38. | :44:43. | |
out to chase the sun around Scotland. It is 120 miles against | :44:43. | :44:47. | |
hills and headwind. Can he finish the journey in time to see the | :44:47. | :44:55. | |
sunset on Sandwich Bay in the West? I am just over halfway on my journey | :44:55. | :45:00. | |
East to West on the top of Scotland. I have cycled tens of thousands of | :45:00. | :45:04. | |
miles all over the world. But I have never been to this part of my | :45:04. | :45:12. | |
homeland before. No wonder it is a draw for tourists. The landscape | :45:12. | :45:22. | |
:45:22. | :45:22. | ||
here is just stunning. It is 5:30pm. Well over 12 hours on the go. It has | :45:22. | :45:26. | |
been tougher cycling than I expected, with some stops to meet | :45:26. | :45:31. | |
people and also as I have gone West, finding tougher and tougher hills | :45:31. | :45:36. | |
and the headwind. This section of the route also has some massive | :45:36. | :45:46. | |
:45:46. | :45:47. | ||
inlets. They are very scenic, but they do while on my journey. | :45:47. | :45:56. | |
Fortunately for me, this is a new road. It is nine miles on the old | :45:56. | :46:04. | |
road am so I am grateful for any help. I am still on target to reach | :46:04. | :46:14. | |
:46:14. | :46:15. | ||
Sandwich Bay -- Sandwood Bay on target. It is the workplace of | :46:15. | :46:25. | |
:46:25. | :46:25. | ||
Nicola. Hello, how are you? Good. Nicola is a painter. She was born in | :46:25. | :46:31. | |
South Africa and moved here 12 years ago. Her landscape paintings are | :46:31. | :46:39. | |
inspired by the quality of light in this remote part of Scotland. This | :46:39. | :46:43. | |
is the first time I have ever been through this part of the world. It | :46:43. | :46:48. | |
was spectacular. I imagine that would be quite hard to capture. | :46:48. | :46:52. | |
really, because it is so beautiful and so strikingly contrasting, the | :46:52. | :46:57. | |
light and shadow and the interplay of everything. It is so inspiring | :46:57. | :47:02. | |
that you just want to brush off and see what you can do. Having such | :47:02. | :47:09. | |
long days in the summer, what is that like as an artist? You do like | :47:09. | :47:14. | |
the play of light. It is a paradise to work in. Every day has a | :47:14. | :47:18. | |
different scene. Dramatic lighting, spotlights, rainbows, the light | :47:19. | :47:28. | |
:47:29. | :47:30. | ||
dancing on the water. It is nonstop. It was lovely spending time in | :47:30. | :47:36. | |
Nicola 's studio but I am behind schedule. 30 miles to go. The sun is | :47:36. | :47:44. | |
dropping fast. I am starting to push my luck. But this is beautiful | :47:44. | :47:51. | |
cycling. There is no one else on the roads and the light is stunning. But | :47:51. | :47:57. | |
there is a sting in the tail. The road runs out for under half miles | :47:57. | :48:04. | |
before Sandwood Bay. It is now only 20 minutes until sunset. This is not | :48:04. | :48:09. | |
what I need. The first couple of miles are only just possible on my | :48:09. | :48:16. | |
road bike. But the last two are only possible on foot. It is going to be | :48:16. | :48:26. | |
:48:26. | :48:30. | ||
tight. There is the son. It is dipping on the horizon. Just made | :48:30. | :48:40. | |
:48:40. | :48:48. | ||
back to working up in the tent this morning and crawling out to see | :48:48. | :48:52. | |
sunrise. It was a long time ago. The last three or four macro hours on | :48:52. | :48:58. | |
the bike would just breathtaking. A whole new world for me, and I will | :48:58. | :49:02. | |
definitely come back and explore more. I reckon the best time to see | :49:02. | :49:12. | |
:49:12. | :49:15. | ||
it is right now, in the middle of hour until the sunsets here under | :49:15. | :49:19. | |
this. The longest day and only half an | :49:19. | :49:23. | |
hour to go. It is wonderful how light it is how late. Stay with us | :49:24. | :49:32. | |
online. You can watch us as we approach sunset on our webpage. | :49:32. | :49:36. |