Peak District Countryfile


Peak District

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the Peak District is a landscape of contrasts -

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And its timeless charm has been an inspiration to many.

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I'll be discovering how this stunning place is now

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turning back the clock for a drama set amongst these hills.

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Helen's discovering the surprising connections between the Peak District

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This couldn't be more different to the national parks in India,

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but I'll be chatting to one lady who's found

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some rather surprising links and she's using them

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to encourage everybody into the great outdoors.

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A new report claims the shooting industry is worth more than

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?2 billion to the British economy every year,

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So, should we be doing more to recognise this rural tradition

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that involves killing wildlife? I'll be investigating.

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I've got about 150 ewes in this field with their lambs.

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They're generally very healthy and doing quite well

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apart from I've got a little bit of lameness in them.

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In fact, it's a bit of a constant battle.

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But today I'm finding out about a programme

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that could rid the sheep industry of this horrible problem.

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From the limestone dales of the White Peak, to the wild moors

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of the gritstone Dark Peak, the Peak District has drama at every turn.

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A place where people fought for and won the right to walk freely

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in our countryside. It was the first National Park in the UK.

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It's a green oasis sandwiched between the urban sprawl of Manchester

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and Sheffield, at the southern tip of the Pennines.

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The spectacular landscape of the Peak District has been the backdrop

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for countless productions on both big and small screens,

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to Pride And Prejudice via The League Of Gentlemen.

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The latest is the brooding drama The Village.

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as seen through the eyes of the Middleton family,

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and played out within the confines of a single Derbyshire village.

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The first series was set during the time of the First World War.

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The second series, which starts on BBC One next month,

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And shopkeepers are so taken with the transformation,

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they've kept things in a '20s time warp between filming.

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Actors are seen walking into Hankins Drapers,

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Jess, I imagine the tea shop must come to a stop, does it,

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Well, we're as busy as usual, really.

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Everybody sort of stops while they're filming,

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and we have to have the blinds down so nobody can see,

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but everyone's really interested, asking all the questions.

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Because the blinds say it's the draper's shop, not the tearoom.

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Well, people are a bit confused whether we're still open or not,

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but once they get in the place is full

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and everybody's asking about what's going on outside,

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who's been in, have we seen any of the actors.

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Have you been in it yourself as an extra? Yes, I was.

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For the first series, I was an extra in it. But...

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I had to stand in the cricket pitch and cheer on a wheelbarrow race.

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And I was like a face and a shadow but, apart from that, no...

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Were you actually there? Did you actually make the final edit?

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Yes, but I had to pause it on the TV, though. But it's quite funny.

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And for the costumes and corsets, it was a good couple of days,

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The Royal Hotel in Hayfield doubles as the exterior of the village pub

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Like many around Hayfield, the landlord is feeling the benefit.

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What kind of impact has The Village had on this village?

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It's the second series that they're filming.

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The whole village is a massive, great community.

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Everyone has really, really come together.

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And it's created a huge amount of excitement.

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So, I think it's creating a lot of buzz from outside as well

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with people coming in to see where The Village is actually filmed.

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Today, the cast of The Village are out in force.

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But why would I want to claim it as my own?

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Because your first instinct is to protect others.

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You knew it would incriminate Robin Lane.

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Right now, they're filming a trial scene.

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Now, originally, they had hoped to do this in a local village hall,

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but the Amateur Dramatic Society said they needed it for rehearsals

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so the company had to rapidly switch their set to here.

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It's a good example of the way they've been trying

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not to get into the way of the locals.

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One of the stars of the show is Maxine Peake,

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Maxine, how well do you know this part of the world?

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You know, I'm so ashamed to say, not as well as I should.

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my mum used to be a member of the Ramblers' Association.

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we did Kinder Scout and Jacob's Ladder,

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sort of...when I was about 10, 11, 12.

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it's a part of England that...not gets ignored,

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but I think people, when they think of countryside in the North,

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people think up towards the Lakes or further up towards Scotland.

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But it is extraordinary around here. It really is.

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I'm so glad doing this job has reintroduced me

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In the first series, your family, the Middletons,

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had a pretty bleak, harsh time, didn't they? Yes.

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Are things looking up a bit? Yes - the farm's taken a bit of a turn,

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It's not huge, but there's more hope

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and there's more prospects for the farm, at the moment.

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You could have told the constable whose it was,

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Maxine's character is the mother in a hard-pressed family

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whose farm is set in beautiful Edale.

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So how did the series recreate the earlier 20th century right here?

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Adam, you're the art director and this is the track

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that leads from the village to the Middletons' farmhouse,

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is this how the farmhouse was when you started filming?

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No. The farmhouse, when we first found the location,

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We added windows in there, to match our studio.

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It's just an old barn, really, wasn't it?

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It was - it was derelict when we first turned up.

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which helped to match in to the studio.

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It's derelict inside, so it's all matched to where we are.

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What about more modern intrusions into the landscape here?

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they were taken out digitally in post-production.

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This time around, the village has moved on,

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so we're allowed to see them, so in the landscape,

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it's OK for them to be there this time.

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'The barn is on the land of real-life farmer, Roy Cooper...'

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'..who's had to invest in some new technology

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to watching The Village on television?

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Yes, I did. We bought a television specially for it.

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Really? We've been without, we've been without.

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I remember sitting in the house, watching -

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the clock was on the mantelpiece, and, looking at the clock,

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I think it finished at nine o'clock, I'm not sure.

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And the second series of The Village will be on Roy's TV - and yours -

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Now, while we've been watching them film The Village,

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Tom has been looking into the value of a very different kind of shooting.

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For centuries, shooting in all its different forms

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has been entwined with the traditions of the countryside.

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But its benefits are apparently very current -

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shooting creates tens of thousands of jobs.

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It also contributes more than ?2 billion to the British economy

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and furthermore it's claimed that a willingness to pull the trigger

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So does shooting get enough recognition?

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'from the British Association for Shooting and Conservation -

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This one is made for gamekeepers. It's about 100 years old.

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That actually gives it a kind of, almost, Wellington-era feel.

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It's got these hammers on it. That's right.

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Richard's organisation is using the report,

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put together by 17 pro shooting groups and released today,

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to call for greater appreciation for the industry.

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How important is shooting to the economy today?

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There are around about two million people

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that actively participate in shooting

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and they inject into the economy about ?2 billion each year.

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As I understand it, gun ownership in Britain is at record levels.

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It seems to be doing fine - what's your problem?

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and by asking for recognition we become part of the solution,

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rather than, as some people see us, some peripheral activity

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Are you looking for love from society?

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We want people - we want policy makers -

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to understand that shooting provides jobs,

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shooting helps provide and shape the British countryside

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Given more support, Richard believes shooting can generate even more money

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But what about its contribution to biodiversity?

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Here on the Duke of Norfolk's estate near Arundel,

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they've dedicated part of this field for planting this -

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a mixture of seeds which is good for the birds they want to shoot,

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but also lots of other wildlife really loves it.

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Every year, this estate holds exclusive grey partridge shoots,

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but game birds aren't being shot here today.

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I expect you gamekeepers' traditional view to be with a shotgun,

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all butch, not being balletic with a butterfly net.

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We're just checking the conservation headland

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'Head gamekeeper Charlie Mellor is checking

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'there is plenty of bird food, and not just for the grey partridges.'

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What we're really looking for is these plant bugs here.

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The green ones are very, very important plant bugs

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So the things that you want to shoot love these,

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but a lot of other things do, as well, is that the point?

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The grey partridge are our main driver behind the project,

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but all the other red-listed species - corn buntings,

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linnets, skylarks, yellowhammers - they all benefit, as well.

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And you happy with the idea of, you know,

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killing wildlife in order to achieve that?

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is for only a small part of the year, really.

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And you think all of the sort of collateral benefits

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make that worthwhile? Oh, yeah, 100%. It really does.

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It's not just on the Arundel Estate where it's said

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that game shooting helps biodiversity.

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It's claimed the industry supports wildlife and habitats

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on nearly two million hectares of land in the UK -

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But not everyone agrees it's always a good thing.

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That was the black cap singing, so they're still here,

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but, of course, as they get quieter, they're so much harder to find.

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'The RSPB believes that shooting's environmental credentials

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Do you think the shooting industry does deserve greater recognition for

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its environmental work and generating money for the economy?

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I think we give the shooting industry a lot of recognition.

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The nature of farming awards we've been run for several years

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have included farmers who run shoots,

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but I think if you're going to recognise the benefits,

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you've also got to acknowledge the costs.

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It's in the uplands, particularly in areas of grouse moorland,

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It feels the traditional management of these landscapes damages

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biodiversity and claims some in the shooting industry are willing

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to break the law to stop birds of prey killing game.

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At the moment, it is a force for populations generally going down.

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There are some exceptions to that, but, while the illegal persecution

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of birds of prey is tolerated when the uplands are being drained

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when burning on deep peat is still going on and is intensifying,

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then the overall net impact on the wildlife of this country

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among some of the landscapes we love is almost certainly negative.

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But the BASC argues grouse shooting provides both the incentive

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It says draining is a legacy of the past now being phased out

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and it also strongly condemns the illegal killing of birds of prey.

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They just believe that shooting animals for entertainment is wrong.

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But Richard Ali believes there is a fundamental

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misunderstanding of what game shooting really is.

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It's not an enjoyment based on killing.

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Shooting is about not just the history of Britain,

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Whatever Richard thinks, though, for some, killing for sport,

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even if we eat the birds afterwards, is unacceptable.

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so what role does the less controversial side of shooting play?

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Home to some of Britain's most celebrated scenery,

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these picturesque peaks have inspired artists for centuries,

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and abundant wildlife has appeared in galleries around the world.

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To tie in with this year's Countryfile photo competition,

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I have come to Derbyshire to meet an artist who is truly

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He has 13,000 followers on the internet

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and some pictures have been shared more than ten million times.

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But, like the Banksy of the photographic world,

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he is known only by the mysterious alias Villager Jim.

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Today, he has agreed to reveal his identity to me

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Jim, nice to meet you. Pleased to meet you, too.

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I can imagine living in a place like this, it is quite easy to

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get into photography. How did it all start?

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Yeah, well, I started getting into photography

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when I moved to the Peak District, simply because

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I noticed coming from a city there is so much wildlife.

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It's not about sitting there with a camouflaged tent for me.

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and seeing what is out there that particular morning.

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I am a complete novice, although I invested in an OK camera.

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Can you take good pictures on an average camera,

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You can take amazing photos nowadays, so people shouldn't be thinking

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you've got to have the world's best camera to take a good photo.

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It's really, mostly, all about composition

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and anticipation of what is going to happen in a shot.

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One of the best ways of having good composition

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is to imagine a noughts and crosses on your screen

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and try not to put the subject in the centre square.

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Is there anything else I should be thinking about?

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and you will suddenly realise that taking that ear

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or taking the nose is quite enjoyable, the shot comes out well.

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Where is a good place to start when you are looking for a subject?

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Simple things, really, any garden bird is fantastic

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if you get the right picture of it, just taking off or just landing.

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The thing to do is to help them by feeding them.

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Never mind Villager Jim, I think he is more like Dr Doolittle! Come on.

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So far, so good, but Jim has sent me on a solo mission

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to put his tips into practice by photographing

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the pedigree cattle just down the road at the Chatsworth Estate.

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If that wasn't pressure enough, the Duke of Devonshire himself

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is also a fan of Jim's work, so my photos better be up to standard.

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Chatsworth farm manager David Howlett is going to tell me

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a bit more about these beautiful beasts.

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David, you've gathered some brilliant subject for me,

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nice to meet you. Nice to meet you. Tell me who we have got here, then.

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The estate has got 135 pedigree Limousins,

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and you have got here last year's young stock.

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Gorgeous-looking cows, great colours, very inquisitive.

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Yes, yes, our cattle are well handled.

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I know you have a lot of cattle to manage, David, but are there any

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characters in there in particular it is worth me training my lens on?

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All of these ones are what we would deem representative of the breed.

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You've selected my models for me, thank you, David!

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I'm going to snap away, if that is OK. Yeah, fine.

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Well, they seem quite... Quite... Oh, good.

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That's what happens when you work in this environment, isn't it!

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It was a nice crusty one, as well, that's been there a while. Hello.

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OK, Jim said I don't have to get you in the centre. I think...

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all of my models are in the middle of my noughts and crosses grid.

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something that's not going to happen.

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I've definitely got quantity, if not quality.

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time to see what the maestro has to say.

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Jim, be brutal, be honest. OK. Right.

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Well, the very first one I click on is actually pretty good.

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but with Chatsworth at the back that looks fantastic.

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And you've actually... going on the knots and crosses,

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you've used the bottom three squares as the main subject.

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Yes, again, it makes a fabulous photo because they look so gentle,

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don't they? But it's just ever so slightly out of focus.

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Even if I put my glasses on. No, take the glasses off, Jim!

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With that one, I was going for the anticipation thing.

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I was trying to get it to stick its tongue out. Right, OK.

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So you failed. I did, yes! You've still got a great shot, though.

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For me, it's just the way that the cow tilts her head.

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It just gives a bit of character to it.

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Yes, I would. I'm going to take that. Thank you.

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I may have taken about 800 pictures today,

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but that nod of approval will do, thank you, Jim. It's a pleasure.

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Well, sadly, Helen won't be able to enter this year's Countryfile

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but if you think you've got what it takes, why not give it a go?

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The theme is animal magic, and it's wide open to interpretation,

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but entries must include either farm or wild animals,

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We can't accept photos of domestic pets or zoo animals.

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Any images of British wildlife in captivity must be declared as such.

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The 12 best pictures selected by our judges will each have

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a page on the Countryfile calendar for 2015.

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As always, the overall winner will be voted for by Countryfile viewers,

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and their picture will feature on the cover of the calendar, and they

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will also get to choose photograph equipment to the value of ?1,000.

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Whoever takes a picture that the judges like best,

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they get to select equipment worth ?500.

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To enter, please write your name, address and a daytime

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and evening phone number on the back of each photo,

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The competition is not open to professionals,

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and because we are looking for something original

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your entry must not have won any other national competition.

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You can send in up to three photos, which must have been taken in the UK,

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and, remember, we want hard copies and not e-mailed or computer files.

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And I'm sorry, but we can't send back any entries.

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The full terms and conditions are on our website, and you will find

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details of the BBC's code of conduct for competitions there, as well.

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The competition closes at midnight on Friday, July 25th,

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so you've got just three weeks to send in your entries.

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Beneath the soaring crags and green valleys of the southern tip of

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the Peak District, the soft limestone is riddled with caverns and tunnels.

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These caves have a history of human habitation that goes back many

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thousands of years, and the past is still being unearthed here.

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carved out over millions of years by the River Dove.

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And, as Countryfile can exclusively reveal today, it is

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also the site of one of the most extraordinary archaeological finds

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In spring last year, totally by accident,

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a 2,000-year-old treasure trove was discovered.

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It's forced archaeologists to reconsider their views

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of the Iron Age in this part of the world.

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National Trust archaeologist Rachael Hall is going to tell me more.

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Well, it looks to be a bit of a scramble to me.

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It's incredible, isn't it? Amazing. Quite monumental. Yeah.

:25:05.:25:16.

Not the easiest cave to get to, is it? So, what was found here?

:25:17.:25:21.

About a year ago, a climber was sheltering in a cave whilst

:25:22.:25:24.

it was raining and he made a discovery of four coins.

:25:25.:25:27.

Three of those were Iron Age coins and one was a Roman coin,

:25:28.:25:29.

We undertook an excavation, because it's really,

:25:30.:25:33.

really unusual to find Iron Age coins in a cave,

:25:34.:25:36.

so we wanted to see if we could understand more about the find,

:25:37.:25:39.

see if we could work out why the coins might have ended up here,

:25:40.:25:42.

and also we needed to protect the site. Did you find more coins, then?

:25:43.:25:46.

We did, we made a really exciting discovery.

:25:47.:25:49.

There is actually a coin hoard within the cave.

:25:50.:25:51.

It's an incredible find, it's really, really exciting,

:25:52.:25:57.

it is one of those once-in-a-lifetime discoveries.

:25:58.:26:01.

to be examined by a specialist conservation team.

:26:02.:26:06.

This is the first time they have been back in the Peak District

:26:07.:26:09.

Stephanie Vasiliou, from University College London,

:26:10.:26:14.

is one of the experts working on board.

:26:15.:26:17.

And here are the coins. What metals do we have here?

:26:18.:26:20.

We've got some gold down there, and then we have some silver

:26:21.:26:24.

sort of spread out around, then we have copper alloy there at the top.

:26:25.:26:28.

This gold coin, does anything need doing to it now?

:26:29.:26:32.

What we would do with something like that is we'll give them

:26:33.:26:35.

If you just give it a little push on the top there,

:26:36.:26:40.

and dip your swab in and sort of dab it off on the surface.

:26:41.:26:44.

Yes, and just sort of give it a little swab over.

:26:45.:26:47.

What about the silver one? The silver we would carry out a polish.

:26:48.:26:52.

Good old silver polish? We can do, yes. Just dip into the water.

:26:53.:26:56.

just so we don't have any excess water going on the object.

:26:57.:27:02.

In small circular motions, where you can, and you will notice after

:27:03.:27:06.

a little bit of time that the swab will be coming away sort of black.

:27:07.:27:10.

It's a fascinating job you've got, isn't it? It is, yes.

:27:11.:27:14.

What appeals to you most about it? This exciting material.

:27:15.:27:17.

It's treasure. When you talk about it with people, they get excited

:27:18.:27:19.

Yes, there is a special magic, isn't there,

:27:20.:27:23.

This landscape may have been unchanged for millennia

:27:24.:27:32.

but life in Iron Age Dovedale was certainly very different.

:27:33.:27:36.

and Britain was on the brink of invasion by the Romans.

:27:37.:27:41.

But who would want to bury such vast wealth, and why?

:27:42.:27:45.

That's what archaeologists are keen to discover.

:27:46.:27:50.

Dr Julia Farley from the University of Leicester may be able to

:27:51.:27:54.

So does it surprise you that Roman coins were up here in

:27:55.:27:58.

the Peak District before the Romans actually got here?

:27:59.:28:02.

It is surprising, and it's unusual in this area to find mixed hoards of

:28:03.:28:05.

Iron Age and Roman coins, and it's really unusual to find

:28:06.:28:08.

coin hoards from this period at all, which is right around the time of

:28:09.:28:11.

the Roman invasion in the South East of England.

:28:12.:28:14.

It's telling us, I think, that people who lived in this area,

:28:15.:28:23.

who we would think of as living in a more traditional Iron Age way,

:28:24.:28:26.

than we maybe suspected before we found this hoard.

:28:27.:28:32.

And how much would these coins be worth?

:28:33.:28:35.

Well, in the Iron Age, these were hugely valuable objects.

:28:36.:28:37.

Gold coins could have been used as a month's pay, or a season's pay,

:28:38.:28:40.

even, for a mercenary who had gone to fight overseas.

:28:41.:28:43.

So, each one of the coins individually would have been

:28:44.:28:45.

worth an awful lot at the time. Why do you think they were never claimed?

:28:46.:28:48.

Maybe the person who left them didn't survive.

:28:49.:28:51.

They might have been left as an offering, maybe for the gods.

:28:52.:28:57.

but at some other sites we find evidence

:28:58.:29:02.

they have been buried on ritual sites, maybe as offerings,

:29:03.:29:04.

and as ways of showing off your wealth, as well.

:29:05.:29:10.

Well, we'll probably never know why the Dovedale treasure hoard

:29:11.:29:14.

was buried, but after 2,000 years underground

:29:15.:29:17.

it is going to stay in the Peak District.

:29:18.:29:19.

it will go on permanent display at the Buxton Museum.

:29:20.:29:34.

Earlier, we heard claims that the value of the British shooting

:29:35.:29:37.

industry goes largely unrecognised, and, as Tom has been finding out,

:29:38.:29:42.

that concern goes far beyond traditional game shooting.

:29:43.:29:47.

These days, shooting is often more, well, stag do than stag hunting.

:29:48.:29:54.

Blasting away at clay pigeons or keeping your eye on the target

:29:55.:29:58.

is a lot less controversial than shooting at live birds.

:29:59.:30:03.

And according to new industry figures it is also now more popular.

:30:04.:30:08.

a range like this simply provides an enjoyable afternoon.

:30:09.:30:13.

A chance to try a new activity with a little bit of a kick to it.

:30:14.:30:20.

There are an estimated 600,000 people in the UK who shoot clays, but

:30:21.:30:29.

according to the British Association for Shooting and Conservation,

:30:30.:30:33.

the BASC, there is still not enough support

:30:34.:30:36.

for those who want to take up the sport more seriously.

:30:37.:30:40.

The one area where we think government could usefully put

:30:41.:30:44.

some money is into Olympic and Commonwealth sport.

:30:45.:30:49.

we are very good at winning gold medals in shooting.

:30:50.:30:55.

So, what does the current Olympic champion make of that?

:30:56.:31:04.

'And he does it! Peter Wilson has done it!

:31:05.:31:07.

'He has won gold for Great Britain. He held his nerve brilliantly.'

:31:08.:31:12.

and the man with the golden gun was Peter Wilson.

:31:13.:31:20.

Today, he is helping me to aim straight and true.

:31:21.:31:23.

There really are no excuses for me with you as a quality coach!

:31:24.:31:27.

If you let me take the weight of the gun. Sure.

:31:28.:31:31.

I am going to place it. That's where I want you to hold the gun.

:31:32.:31:34.

I may need a bit more support, but what about our Olympic hopefuls?

:31:35.:31:48.

Well, the amount of money being pumped into shooting via UK Sport

:31:49.:31:52.

As a result, we have new talent ID programmes being put into place,

:31:53.:31:57.

shooting has never been in such a healthy state.

:31:58.:32:02.

This is a very exciting time for shooting.

:32:03.:32:05.

So Peter doesn't feel the sport needs more support.

:32:06.:32:08.

But he does share the BASC's frustrations about red tape.

:32:09.:32:13.

I myself have had problems in the past

:32:14.:32:14.

I hear horror stories all round the country of people

:32:15.:32:19.

struggling to get their certificate back in time.

:32:20.:32:21.

you can't afford to not have your shotgun certificate with you.

:32:22.:32:25.

The UK's stringent laws on firearms also mean that our Olympic

:32:26.:32:29.

pistol shooters have to go abroad for training.

:32:30.:32:34.

But according to the BASC red tape isn't just impacting on our athletes.

:32:35.:32:42.

It's a problem for the country's unsung heroes,

:32:43.:32:45.

the farmers who keep the countryside running.

:32:46.:32:49.

who has a problem with foxes attacking his sheep.

:32:50.:32:54.

Ah, so there are young lambs? There we go. This is the one-eared sheep.

:32:55.:33:01.

I suspect the fox had hold of it, managed to get the ear,

:33:02.:33:05.

bit it off, the Lamb got away but minus the year.

:33:06.:33:08.

This year, we have probably lost about ten lambs.

:33:09.:33:10.

If we have problems with foxes, we shoot them.

:33:11.:33:13.

So, for you, shooting some wildlife is a key part of farming?

:33:14.:33:17.

Yes. It goes hand-in-hand with it, it has done ever

:33:18.:33:19.

since man first domesticated sheep like this. Yes.

:33:20.:33:23.

So you still need to be a shepherd watching his flock by night.

:33:24.:33:26.

It's not just fox attacks that keep him awake.

:33:27.:33:35.

Hugh says, left to their own devices, birds, too, would destroy his crops.

:33:36.:33:41.

So, what would happen if you did not control the pigeons?

:33:42.:33:44.

The last time we grew peas on this farm, about 25 years ago,

:33:45.:33:47.

there wasn't much in the way of pigeon control.

:33:48.:33:49.

The sky was black with pigeons and within two or three weeks they

:33:50.:33:53.

had eaten 16 acres of them and the whole crop was a complete write-off.

:33:54.:33:58.

So does Hugh agree with the BASC that red tape is making his job harder?

:33:59.:34:03.

So guns are important for your business,

:34:04.:34:05.

do you have problems getting a licence? Personally, myself, no.

:34:06.:34:08.

We have no problems getting firearms licences or shotgun licences.

:34:09.:34:12.

People say there is too much red tape.

:34:13.:34:16.

Personally, I think there is the right amount of regulation

:34:17.:34:19.

for the job in hand. It has never changed for 20 years.

:34:20.:34:22.

And it is adequate, given the risk involved in handing out gun licences

:34:23.:34:25.

These things need to be managed and governed properly.

:34:26.:34:30.

I have never heard anyone complain or moan

:34:31.:34:32.

Opinion over regulation is clearly divided.

:34:33.:34:43.

But with the UK's stringent gun laws in place to protect public safety

:34:44.:34:48.

any relaxation would be highly controversial.

:34:49.:34:56.

and encourages landowners to farm in a more environmentally friendly way

:34:57.:35:06.

in a manner that isn't solely motivated by subsidy.

:35:07.:35:10.

Now, whether you think that should be celebrated,

:35:11.:35:14.

will depend on your view of using these things to kill wildlife.

:35:15.:35:26.

Farmers have been working these lands for centuries,

:35:27.:35:29.

overcoming the many challenges that are thrown at them.

:35:30.:35:34.

This week, Adam has invited a vet to his farm who is

:35:35.:35:38.

an age-old problem with sheep - lameness.

:35:39.:35:44.

So Adam is getting up close to his flock.

:35:45.:35:46.

And this is not for the faint-heated.

:35:47.:35:49.

These are some of our commercial sheep, producing lamb for the table.

:35:50.:35:53.

We put them to a Texel ram to produce a good meat lamb.

:35:54.:35:58.

We are trying to get these lambs to about 40 kilos live weight

:35:59.:36:01.

and that one is getting there. He's nearly there.

:36:02.:36:04.

We have got a bit of a dilemma on our hands. This lamb is 37 kilos.

:36:05.:36:30.

At this time of year, there are not very many lambs coming to

:36:31.:36:36.

the marketplace across the country and the price is high.

:36:37.:36:39.

We get paid in pence per kilo. So we have this dilemma, a bit of a gamble.

:36:40.:36:50.

and get more kilos on them, but then the pence per kilo might have dropped

:36:51.:36:55.

because more lambs are coming onto the marketplace across the country?

:36:56.:37:10.

a great opportunity to check on their health.

:37:11.:37:12.

It also means we can treat them for problems we may find.

:37:13.:37:23.

At this time of year you get blowflies,

:37:24.:37:26.

which lay maggots on the sheep if they are dirty.

:37:27.:37:29.

And that is what Dave is protecting the lambs against.

:37:30.:37:32.

We are shearing the ewes soon, so we shouldn't have to do them,

:37:33.:37:35.

but this one has already been struck, as it's known in farming,

:37:36.:37:39.

when the flies have laid their eggs into a wet bit of fleece, the maggots

:37:40.:37:42.

have hatched out and they are starting to eat away at the sheep.

:37:43.:37:46.

And you can see it is sore and bloody on the surface of her skin here

:37:47.:37:49.

and as the maggots eat away at the sheep they secrete juices

:37:50.:37:57.

which attract more flies, that lay more eggs and create more maggots.

:37:58.:38:01.

Where the maggots have worked down her body there,

:38:02.:38:05.

they have been nibbling away at her flesh. And that is very sore.

:38:06.:38:08.

We will treat that with some antibiotic spray

:38:09.:38:11.

and then put some fly spray on to kill any other maggots.

:38:12.:38:14.

Because if it gets worse the maggots can eat the sheep alive.

:38:15.:38:19.

But thankfully, in this case, she will be absolutely fine.

:38:20.:38:28.

Thankfully, it is not too common, so it is easy to keep on top of.

:38:29.:38:35.

It is a fact of life which most farmers just learn to live with.

:38:36.:38:41.

We accept a certain percentage will be lame.

:38:42.:38:44.

with a brand-new approach to dealing with lameness.

:38:45.:38:48.

And, with a flock of more than 1,000 ewes, she is no stranger to it.

:38:49.:38:52.

We estimate about 8% to 10% of the national flock

:38:53.:38:55.

are lame at any one time. So that is a lot of animals involved.

:38:56.:38:59.

How many millions of sheep would that be?

:39:00.:39:00.

We reckon about three million lame sheep. Goodness!

:39:01.:39:03.

And not only causing pain to the animal,

:39:04.:39:06.

Yes, we're talking probably about ?23 million to the industry

:39:07.:39:11.

every year. And why is it like that? Why can't we sort it out?

:39:12.:39:14.

A huge concerted effort to deal with lameness,

:39:15.:39:18.

And I think we've had a lack of a practical solution

:39:19.:39:22.

And where does it come from? What is the cause?

:39:23.:39:26.

About 90% of lameness is due to a bacterial foot condition.

:39:27.:39:32.

We know it as foot rot, or scald. Right. Well, I've got a few here.

:39:33.:39:35.

Shall we take them up to the pens? Yes, let's go and have a look.

:39:36.:39:49.

With my sheep safely in the pen, we can check to see how many

:39:50.:39:52.

animals are affected by this crippling disease.

:39:53.:39:55.

The hoof is overgrown and I can smell it from here. Is that foot rot?

:39:56.:40:00.

Yes, that is foot rot for sure. Yes. That is pretty nasty, isn't it?

:40:01.:40:03.

So, what is it? It's a bacterium? Yes.

:40:04.:40:06.

Foot rot and scald, this is a bacterial condition of the foot.

:40:07.:40:10.

And, as you see, it causes this eating away at the foot.

:40:11.:40:13.

And it can start in-between the toes?

:40:14.:40:16.

Yes, it starts in-between the digits there

:40:17.:40:18.

and then eventually, as in this case, it tracks up the hoof wall.

:40:19.:40:24.

'This is where Ruth's ground-breaking approach to treating lameness

:40:25.:40:27.

'She came up with a five-point plan of action to combat the disease.

:40:28.:40:34.

What I would do now is grab some foot trimmers and trim off the dead horn.

:40:35.:40:51.

Very tempting. And it is what a lot of farmers would do

:40:52.:40:54.

and it's not to say that removing a bit of this

:40:55.:40:57.

but actually trimming it right back will be harmful.

:40:58.:41:01.

You will delay the healing of the foot.

:41:02.:41:02.

Better to put your foot trimmers away. Goodness me.

:41:03.:41:05.

I have been foot trimming lame sheep for ever, really.

:41:06.:41:08.

We used to routinely foot trim our sheep twice a year.

:41:09.:41:11.

We've now gone down to trimming just the lame ones.

:41:12.:41:13.

But you are saying, put the foot trimmers away, don't use them? Yes.

:41:14.:41:16.

You're not going to help the sheep to heal.

:41:17.:41:18.

You need to treat this particular foot with antibiotics.

:41:19.:41:21.

That is the only way it's going to heal up.

:41:22.:41:23.

So that's an antibiotic antiseptic spray that should help kill it.

:41:24.:41:30.

'Not trimming is a new approach but I'm happy to give it a go.

:41:31.:41:33.

'Once we've treated an animal, we mark it.

:41:34.:41:40.

'That way, we can see if the problem comes back.

:41:41.:41:43.

'If it does, then we need to adopt the second point

:41:44.:41:46.

So I mark them, take the tag number

:41:47.:41:52.

Does that sound sensible? Yeah, no, you need to do that

:41:53.:41:57.

but the other reason for marking her up at this stage is that

:41:58.:42:00.

you'll be able to see if she suffers from this disease again.

:42:01.:42:03.

And really what you need to be doing at weaning time is pulling out

:42:04.:42:06.

any ewes that are repeat offenders of foot rot and scald

:42:07.:42:09.

and culling them out. Get rid of them out of the flock?

:42:10.:42:12.

But these are the girls that are costing you money.

:42:13.:42:19.

We need to do as much as we can to avoid the disease being transmitted.

:42:20.:42:25.

Basically what you're seeing here is the sheep spreading the bacteria.

:42:26.:42:29.

And you can see the lambs walking behind her,

:42:30.:42:32.

And they could potentially be picking up the bacteria.

:42:33.:42:35.

So those dots is where the bacteria could be? Exactly, yes.

:42:36.:42:40.

Point three on Ruth's plan involves killing bacteria on the ground.

:42:41.:42:44.

You can't treat the whole of the farm,

:42:45.:42:46.

but by spreading lime across the high-risk zones, like gates

:42:47.:42:49.

and water troughs, there's a good chance of controlling the spread.

:42:50.:42:54.

Isolate new stock until you're sure they're free of lameness.

:42:55.:43:00.

Ideally, you'll be wanting to vaccinate twice a year

:43:01.:43:08.

and to correlate with the times of peak disease.

:43:09.:43:12.

So around this time of year would probably be ideal.

:43:13.:43:14.

These girls are probably about to be shorn, I would guess? Yes.

:43:15.:43:17.

So, off the shears would be ideal to correlate now

:43:18.:43:20.

and then also at winter housing time.

:43:21.:43:22.

So vaccination and all these other measures

:43:23.:43:24.

can be quite costly, time-consuming. Is that a problem?

:43:25.:43:29.

Well, I guess it seems like a big job.

:43:30.:43:31.

The important point to get across is that this is

:43:32.:43:33.

The endgame is going to be a lot less work

:43:34.:43:36.

and a lot less loss and waste for you.

:43:37.:43:38.

So if I can concentrate on those five points then,

:43:39.:43:41.

treating lame ones as quickly as I can with antibiotics, not trimming...

:43:42.:43:44.

Yes. Getting down lime around areas where there's concentrated feet.

:43:45.:43:49.

Isolating animals that can bring them onto the farm. Yes, yes.

:43:50.:43:54.

Vaccination... Yes. What was the last one?

:43:55.:43:56.

Culling out your worst offenders. Culling out

:43:57.:43:58.

And then how soon do you think we might see a major reduction

:43:59.:44:02.

Well, on our own farm we have about 1,000 ewes

:44:03.:44:06.

and we saw a pretty steep improvement within the first

:44:07.:44:09.

six months, down to less than 2%. And for the last three years

:44:10.:44:12.

we have been down to less than 1%. Goodness me! So it is significant.

:44:13.:44:15.

This could be a thing of the past for you. Wonderful.

:44:16.:44:27.

This beautiful landscape provides quiet sanctuary

:44:28.:44:29.

from the hustle and bustle of the towns and cities that flank it.

:44:30.:44:33.

One third of Sheffield is actually in the Peak District, which makes it

:44:34.:44:37.

the only UK city to have a national park within its boundaries.

:44:38.:44:46.

I do a walk called Elephant in the Park walk. Right.

:44:47.:44:49.

This year, it's on the 2nd of August.

:44:50.:44:51.

When Chamu Kuppuswamy first moved to Sheffield, she began looking for

:44:52.:44:55.

connections between the Peak District and the country of her birth - India.

:44:56.:45:00.

What were your first impressions of the Peak District?

:45:01.:45:04.

And I thought it was very, very quiet

:45:05.:45:09.

compared to the cities I have lived in in India, of course.

:45:10.:45:12.

And what about you in terms of your friends and your family and your

:45:13.:45:15.

culture, why did you think it was so important to find links with India?

:45:16.:45:19.

In some of these places, my memory was jogged about having read

:45:20.:45:23.

something, about India, about this place.

:45:24.:45:26.

That kind of said, well, there must be a lot of different links

:45:27.:45:29.

that would be really interesting to find out.

:45:30.:45:31.

I can have my own global interpretation of the National Park.

:45:32.:45:35.

And that really sparked the whole thing off.

:45:36.:45:41.

One of the most exciting links Chamu found was here in Millthorpe.

:45:42.:45:46.

Edward Carpenter was one of the village's former residents.

:45:47.:45:49.

Socialist, poet and philosopher, he had a fascination for Hinduism

:45:50.:45:54.

that led him on a life-changing journey to India.

:45:55.:45:59.

So, he was sort of a pioneer in that he went to India, he liked what

:46:00.:46:02.

he found about Hinduism and he brought it back here? Absolutely.

:46:03.:46:06.

He went to India because of all that he had heard about India

:46:07.:46:09.

and he also visited a guru over there.

:46:10.:46:11.

So he really strengthened his knowledge of Hinduism.

:46:12.:46:17.

This is Carpenter's former home in Millthorpe, where I'm meeting

:46:18.:46:21.

Fascinated by the life of Edward Carpenter, also known as the

:46:22.:46:26.

Saint in Sandals, she's researched his life extensively for her PhD.

:46:27.:46:32.

Helen, these look intriguing. Tell me about these.

:46:33.:46:35.

They are. I think people would have been very surprised

:46:36.:46:38.

when these appeared in this area in the 1890s.

:46:39.:46:42.

The sandals actually represent Edward Carpenter's relationship

:46:43.:46:46.

to India and the things that he liked about India

:46:47.:46:49.

and the things he brought back from India.

:46:50.:46:51.

These sandals represented something that was freedom for him.

:46:52.:46:56.

Freedom in terms of dress, and also the freedom of understanding

:46:57.:47:00.

that he found in India and brought back over to the Peaks with him.

:47:01.:47:04.

And this is something that people wanted him to spread the word about?

:47:05.:47:08.

Yes, absolutely. I believe this is a letter from Gandhi? It is, yes.

:47:09.:47:11.

So a little later on, Carpenter had been working into the early

:47:12.:47:15.

20th century, trying to spread these ideas.

:47:16.:47:17.

That brought him to the attention of Gandhi and Gandhi's circle.

:47:18.:47:21.

And Gandhi was very keen to write to Carpenter

:47:22.:47:24.

to ask him to take his ideas out into Gandhi's wider circle

:47:25.:47:27.

thinking about the Indian independence movement as well.

:47:28.:47:36.

Carpenter's connection to India flourished on his return home.

:47:37.:47:39.

His walks in the Peak District were now further inspired

:47:40.:47:43.

by ideas of Hinduism and soon influenced his writing.

:47:44.:47:47.

"You are not to differentiate yourself from nature.

:47:48.:47:51.

"It is only under such conditions that the little mortal creature

:47:52.:47:54.

"gradually becomes aware of what he is."

:47:55.:47:59.

But there's an even more colourful local character who brought

:48:00.:48:03.

From 5,000 miles away in the Peak District,

:48:04.:48:10.

the livelihoods of Indian silk dyers, bringing new vibrancy to previously

:48:11.:48:16.

The fabric, when it first came to him, was unusable.

:48:17.:48:29.

When the silk is woven, it goes through gum so it doesn't break.

:48:30.:48:33.

they would put that on to strengthen it?

:48:34.:48:37.

To strengthen it, so they could weave.

:48:38.:48:39.

But he found a way to get that gum off and treat it

:48:40.:48:42.

And what he did was he prepared the fabric with salt, alkali,

:48:43.:48:48.

so then you could get the range of shades you wanted to get,

:48:49.:48:53.

like your pinks, your lighter shades of blue and so on.

:48:54.:48:58.

If it wasn't prepared you would be looking at dark greys

:48:59.:49:02.

So, initially, people were looking at Indian Tussar silk

:49:03.:49:06.

and saying, that is useless, that is no good to me.

:49:07.:49:09.

And Thomas Wardle said, we can make this work?

:49:10.:49:12.

Well, what he did was pretty remarkable, really.

:49:13.:49:16.

So Thomas Wardle has left a legacy among silk dyers.

:49:17.:49:19.

Has he left a legacy in India? I think he absolutely has.

:49:20.:49:23.

It gave the Indian silk industry a new market because there were

:49:24.:49:27.

more and more people who were interested in Tussar silk.

:49:28.:49:35.

And Wardle found another use for Tussar silk - producing

:49:36.:49:38.

which became a huge success when used to make waterproofs.

:49:39.:49:46.

And where would the Peak District be without them!

:49:47.:49:50.

Absolutely no need for waterproofs today

:49:51.:49:52.

Here is the Countryfile forecast for the week ahead.

:49:53.:50:10.

Thank you, Helen. Will we need waterproofs this week? Yes and no,

:50:11.:50:24.

and yes and no! A mix of sunny spells and a scattering of showers,

:50:25.:50:28.

some of those showers on the heavy side. The second half of the week

:50:29.:50:36.

has quite a different look to it. In the short term, on Monday we are

:50:37.:50:44.

between weather systems. The air is still unstable enough that the cloud

:50:45.:50:53.

will build up enough to make some showers, but there will be gaps

:50:54.:50:54.

between them. Monday afternoon, I think we could

:50:55.:51:09.

see a line of showers running up through south-west England to north

:51:10.:51:16.

of London. Temperatures could reach the low 20s. A fairly brisk breeze

:51:17.:51:31.

blowing across parts of Scotland, so could feel cooler. Most places

:51:32.:51:41.

holding in double figures over Monday night. High pressure trying

:51:42.:51:52.

to build in from the west on Tuesday. A fairly quiet day, light

:51:53.:52:10.

winds, sunny spells. Watch out for some showers down the East Coast.

:52:11.:52:17.

Going through Tuesday night and into Wednesday, this area of low pressure

:52:18.:52:27.

is developing. But there is also a weather system trying to push in

:52:28.:52:32.

from the west. It is a question of which one is going to win. It looks

:52:33.:52:37.

as though one Wednesday we will did clear the rain. But Wednesday night

:52:38.:52:47.

into Thursday, the risk increases of seeing more persistent rain edging

:52:48.:52:54.

in from the North Sea. The computer models are all giving different

:52:55.:53:01.

answers. Potentially heavy rain in eastern areas, but less of a chance

:53:02.:53:12.

in the West. We could well see some reasonably high temperatures under

:53:13.:53:15.

the warm air, but the detail for Friday is elusive. I think what

:53:16.:53:24.

perhaps we can say is that looking beyond that and into the next

:53:25.:53:27.

weekend, these weather systems out in the Atlantic look as though they

:53:28.:53:30.

might start to win, so we The Peak District was Britain's

:53:31.:53:40.

first national park Around 20 million people live within

:53:41.:53:50.

just one hour's drive. Ten million people visit

:53:51.:54:00.

the Peak District every year and it is surrounded by diverse

:54:01.:54:02.

Northern towns and cities. But only 1% of the people that come

:54:03.:54:06.

here are from ethnic minorities. She has discovered some surprising

:54:07.:54:12.

connections between the Peaks In an area synonymous with the right

:54:13.:54:17.

to roam movement back in the 1930s, Chamu is at the forefront of a new

:54:18.:54:25.

kind of campaign, encouraging people from ethnic minorities to get out and

:54:26.:54:30.

enjoy what the area has to offer. This place is just amazing in terms

:54:31.:54:36.

of being able to walk in it and being able to get anywhere you

:54:37.:54:40.

want. With the help of a map you are able to explore so much

:54:41.:54:43.

of the countryside, which for me So walking and rambling isn't

:54:44.:54:47.

something that you would have done I mean, we do a lot of walking,

:54:48.:54:52.

but in cities. Nothing like in the countryside. The

:54:53.:54:56.

countryside is really off-limits. And also there isn't a map

:54:57.:55:00.

that you can actually use. So therefore it's not somewhere

:55:01.:55:05.

where you would naturally What you think is stopping people

:55:06.:55:08.

from ethnic minorities coming out and enjoying the Peak District?

:55:09.:55:13.

A number of different factors. Information about the fact

:55:14.:55:16.

that there is access and there is the right to roam

:55:17.:55:19.

in this area is one of the least known

:55:20.:55:21.

bits of information, I think. National parks are looked at as

:55:22.:55:24.

conservation areas where people don't inhabit - that is the kind of

:55:25.:55:27.

parks people encounter in India. But why do you think it is important

:55:28.:55:30.

for people to come out here? into the countryside

:55:31.:55:33.

is really great. First of all, they asked me,

:55:34.:55:42.

"Is it safe? "If you go, do you actually

:55:43.:55:58.

patrol on your own?!" Chamu's regular walks

:55:59.:56:03.

reveal the links with her Indian heritage

:56:04.:56:06.

and are a great way of getting more people from ethnic

:56:07.:56:09.

minorities into the Peak District. I love cities,

:56:10.:56:14.

but on a nice day like this My principle is, the world

:56:15.:56:17.

is my school and nature is my book. You learn a lot of things

:56:18.:56:24.

from nature, read a lot of things. A lot of understanding

:56:25.:56:28.

through nature. I guess I like everything

:56:29.:56:31.

about the Peak District. it's calm and I'm, like, pretty

:56:32.:56:34.

much interested in the flora so every time I come here

:56:35.:56:40.

I find something new to look at. Researching links with India,

:56:41.:56:48.

becoming a ranger, Just walking on the grass

:56:49.:56:51.

and feeling the stone over there, being in a classroom where the

:56:52.:57:31.

surface is very, very different. But I'm pretty sure that this is

:57:32.:57:39.

the first time that we have ever done Bharatanatyam, Indian dancing,

:57:40.:57:45.

in a national park on Countryfile! With moves like this, it is no wonder

:57:46.:57:57.

word seems to have got around. From the John Craven school of dance.

:57:58.:58:14.

That was impressive. Thank you,

:58:15.:58:18.

what a fantastic way to end the show. will be exploring

:58:19.:58:20.

breathtaking Gower in South Wales Will they have sunshine as good

:58:21.:58:29.

as this? I doubt it. From us, in the stunning scenery

:58:30.:58:32.

of the Peak District, it's goodbye. If your friend was taken away...

:58:33.:58:34.

# Not giving in... # I'm afraid

:58:35.:59:08.

there's not much we can do. ..how would you fight

:59:09.:59:11.

to get her back? This is wrong. I'm not going to

:59:12.:59:13.

carry on as if nothing has happened.

:59:14.:59:17.

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